What are two methods of measuring public opinion?

Answer: The formal academic study of public opinion is relatively new but the practical study of public opinion is

not new at all. Governments have paid attention to public opinion as long as there have been

governments. Even the most oppressive tyrants need to know what the people are thinking, even if just to

oppress them more effectively. As the famous investigator of public opinion, V.O. Key, Jr. said,

“Governments must concern themselves with the opinions of their citizens, if only to provide a basis for

repression of disaffection.” (1961, 3)

One of the earliest expressions of public opinion was rebellion. Peasant rebellions have occurred

throughout history. When the king saw his subjects in open rebellion, it was a pretty clear sign that the

public’s support for his government was eroding. Unpaid taxes was another clue; when rulers saw their

tax receipts dwindle and heard reports of tax collectors being killed, they knew that public opinion was

turning against them.

For centuries rulers have established secret police forces to find out which people oppose the government

and to eliminate them. Secret police have, among other things, acted as monitors of public opinion.

Fortunately, not all governments need to hire secret police or wait for peasant rebellions to learn about

public opinion. Democratic governments, especially, have much better procedures to learn about public

opinion and measure it. In this chapter, we explore ways that governments can learn about, and act on,

their citizens’ opinions. We classify the methods of learning public opinion into informal and formal

methods. The informal are very important but they do not involve any formal explicit research

methodologies. Informal methodologies include elections, letters from constituents, media coverage, and

protest marches. Formal methods, on the other hand, involve definite research designs and formal

research methodologies; they are methods designed by experts to research public opinion. Examples of

formal methodologies are telephone surveys, focus groups, and content analysis.

In this book, like practically every book on public opinion, we devote most of the coverage to formal

research methods, especially survey research. But because of our focus on how opinions held by

members of the public get translated into public policy, we spend more time on the “informal” methods

here than is customary in a book like this. We attempt to view public opinion as governmental decision

makers would see it. In the real world of politics, these governmental leaders find out about people’s

opinions in a variety of ways, both informal and formal. We will once again emphasize the informal

ways that political leaders learn about public opinion in the chapter on political participation. We will see

in that chapter that the informal methods tend to favor the wealthy and educated members of the society

Explanation:

Answer:

Elections and the media

Explanation: the most common way to measure public opinions is an election and also media

why did the authors of the constitution create a federal system of government rather than a unitary system?

A. they did not trust the state governments

B. they feared a central government that was too powerful

C. they wanted to limit the role of the people in government

D. they had seen how inefficient a weak central government was under the articles of confederation

Why did the Roman people build temples or offer sacrifices to their gods?
A) To ask for blessings in the government
B) To try and impress other civilizations
C) To please their gods
D) To encourage others to worship new religions Eliminate

You have learned that invasive species are plants, animals, and organisms that encroach on and ultimately take over the habitat of native species. Search “invasive species in the United States” and choose one species from the results. Find information on the invasive species you choose, including when, where, and how it was introduced into the United States and what dangers it might pose. Should these dangers be addressed? Are attempts being made to stop the spread of this species? If not, should anything be done to stop the spread of the species?

Respond to the prompt. Support your opinions with explanations and evidence.

Burmese Pythons
Burmese pythons are native to Southeast Asia. the pythons were first brought to the United States as exotic pets. When the exotic pet trade increased in the 1980s, Miami had thousands kinds of snakes because pythons can grow to uncontainable sizes and some irresponsible owners would release the snakes into the wild.
The releasing of these exotic pets might not be the only reason this species of snakes was spread in Miami because most experts believe the pythons’ population grew immensely in the Everglades previously after Hurricane Andrew. It was during that storm that a python breeding facility was destroyed, releasing many snakes into the nearby swamps.
Today, authorities don’t know how many pythons wander the area, maybe because the Everglades is huge and some snakes camouflage their surroundings. The Burmese python has already overwhelmed the mammal population of the Everglades, cruelly damaging its biodiversity. These snakes cause serious destruction to Miami. This snake affected certain species by declining their population by a large amount. These snakes are believed very dangerous predators. According to one study, between 1997 and 2012 the Everglades’ raccoon, opossum and bobcat populations dropped 99.3, 98.9, and 87.5 percent correspondingly. Meanwhile “marsh rabbits, cottontail rabbits and foxes successfully extinct,” the study said.

The Burmese python had a massive a population in Everglades, so the state of Florida has detached policies to hunting them, and even set up encouragement programs. Hunters can hunt Burmese pythons and other invasive reptiles on private lands all year without a permit or hunting license. These strategies to reduce the invasive snake population are efficient, but in my opinion they should do more. For example, every time a citizen that finds an invasive snake in the wild or thinks that they found one could send a photo, description, time, date, and where they found to an official, and if it is an invasive snake the official could send back to Southeast Asia.

Can you please check my essay if it meets all the requirements

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Norse Mythology - using the information in the online textbook, or doing some of your own internet research, choose one of the gods or goddesses from Norse mythology that is your favorite. Write a paragraph of at least 4 complete sentences that gives the following:
-their name
-their powers
-why you chose them

Which two of the following sentences from the article BEST summarize the rise and fall of the Aztec civilization?
By the early 1500s, the Aztecs had conquered most of Mesoamerica and had imposed their rule on an estimated 11 million to 12 million people.
They (the Aztecs) built their society around a military elite. A council of the most successful warriors chose the ruler.
The Aztecs adopted traditions that dated back to the Olmecs. They played the same ball game and kept a sophisticated calendar.
The Spanish controlled all of Mexico within 10 years, easily overwhelming the traumatized survivors of this novel disease (smallpox).
A
1 and 2
B
1 and 3
C
1 and 4
D
2 and 4

When Was Russia's “Red October” Revolution?

Why did groups like the KKK form?

Hello everyone! Can you answer the question, "How did cultural diffusion change the world of ancient Greece?

The events on the timeline above were all steps taken to-
A-gain equal pay for all Americans
B-provide more benefits to Americans
C-extend civil rights to American citizens
D-increase the number of American graduates

PLS HELP ME
A: What 2 problems did the Domesday Book help solve?
B: How did Charlemagne strengthen his kingdom?
C: What was the greatest value of the Magna Carta?
D: List 4 of King John’s actions that led to the signing of the Magna Carta.

Which two bodies of water meet at the Persian Gulf?

(A) the Nile and Jordan Rivers

(B) the Jordan and Tigris Rivers

(C) the Nile and Euphrates Rivers

(D) the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
____________________________________________________________________

The map shows the Fertile Crescent.

One major difference between the First Crusade and the Second Crusade was that:

A. The First Crusade was led by French and German kings.
B. The First Crusade succeeded its objectives.
C. The First Crusade was fought against Seljuk Muslims.
D. The First Crusade targeted the Holy Land.

1) What country did the thirteen American colonies belong to prior to forming the United States?
a. Spain b. Canada c. England d. Denmark e. France

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Historyjust now
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As a news reporter, you have been asked to write a news feature about Jerusalem. Your assignment is to explain the importance of the city of...

Monday: How did mission and ranch life affect Native Americans in California?

How was the word Schutzstaffel used during WWII?

British law placed a high tax on:

Use the map below to answer the following question:

Image of a physical map of the United States. 60 degrees N longitude crosses through the Atlantic Ocean, Scandinavia, and the Ural Mountains. 40 degrees N longitude crosses through the Iberian Peninsula, the Mediterranean Sea, Italy, and parts of southern Europe and western Asia. 60 degrees E latitude passes through parts of eastern Europe and western Asia. 0 degrees latitude passes through the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, Great Britain, and Western Europe. 20 degrees W latitude passes through the Iceland and the Atlantic Ocean. 40 degrees E latitude passes through eastern Europe, the Black Sea, and western Asia.

Which of the following coordinates correspond to a mountainous area? (4 points)

60° N latitude, 20° W longitude
40° N latitude, 20° E longitude
60° N latitude, 40° E longitude
40° N latitude, 40° E longitude

Which of the following locations has the highest population density?
A.
Yucatán Peninsula
B.
Mexico City
C.
Mexico
D.
Belize

Most of the money the state uses to pay for services comes from state taxes. Washington’s major tax sources include the sales tax, the property tax, and a rather unique tax called the Business and Occupation (B&O) tax, which is a tax on [the value of goods and services sold by a business]. Washington is one of seven states that does not levy a personal income tax.

–A Citizen’s Guide to the Washington
State Budget, 2013

How is the business and occupation tax different from other taxes?
It is not part of the state government’s revenue.
It is a tax on the value of items sold by businesses.
It is a tax taken on items when they are sold to customers.
It is a tax on the value of the property owned by businesses.

Answer correctly for brainliest!!!!

Why did Rome fall?

A) Smaller battles turned into long civil wars

B) Rome lost the Punic Wars, losing land

C) The slaves escaped and stopped Rome’s trade

D) The soldiers supported the government, not the people Eliminate

Which of the following opposed secession, but favored defending the South if the federal government tried to use force to maintain the Union?
Group of answer choices

Stonewall Jackson

Ulysses S. Grant

Robert E. Lee

Jefferson Davis

Mexico City is threatened by which of the following natural disasters?
A.
monsoons
B.
earthquakes
C.
volcanoes
D.
tornadoes

which system of government selects its executive leadership from the majority party in the legislature
A. unitary
B. federal
C. confederal
D. parliamentary

Which best describes the reaction of other Southern states to South Carolina’s secession? They demanded a second presidential election. They remained in the Union. They demanded that Jefferson Davis become president. They voted to secede from the Union. (don't answer)

Which practice is a component of Hinduism?
A) Performing fire sacrifices
B)Dancing at weddings
C)Eating spicy food
D)Wearing cotton clothes

pls help
What THREE acts or compromises were ruled unconstitutional by the Dred Scott decision?
the Missouri Compromise
the Compromise of 1856
the Mississippi Compromise
the Compromise of 1850
the Northwest Ordinance

How did the geographic position of Acadia make it a center of conflict between Britain and France in North America?

In response to the request of the Government of South Vietnam, President Eisenhower sent economic aid and military equipment to assist the people of South Vietnam in their efforts to prevent a Communist takeover. Seven years ago, President Kennedy sent 16,000 military personnel to Vietnam as combat advisers. Four years ago, President Johnson sent American combat forces to South Vietnam –Address to the Nation on the Vietnam War, Richard Nixon Why did American presidents offer to help South Vietnam? Check all that apply. to respond to the request from South Vietnam’s government to take over South Vietnam as a new US territory to give economic aid to South Vietnam’s residents to provide new areas other than South Vietnam for communism to provide military personnel as combat advisors