Claude Steele and Eliot Aronson's research on stereotype threat, we should be especially concerned about instructions for standardized tests if they ask for race, and ethnic information before the test starts.
Stereotype risk is a situational predicament difficult ugly scenario in which people are or feel themselves to be at risk of confirming terrible stereotypes about their social group. The presence of others might also diffuse the duty to name for assistance. He says his phrases intended not anything, and it mattered how they noticed him and the way he noticed them.
Stereotype risk results in a vicious circle Stigmatized people enjoy anxiety which depletes their cognitive resources and ends in underperformance affirmation of the negative stereotype and reinforcement of the concern. people's performances are lower due to the information of cultural stereotypes. fowl lady chess players believed they were gambling against a male chess player, they achieved worse than male chess players.
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an experiment that claimed to show that meditation lowers anxiety proceeded as follows. the experimenter interviewed the subjects and rated their level of anxiety. then the subjects were randomly assigned to two groups. the experi- menter taught one group how to meditate and they meditated daily for a month. the other group was simply told to relax more. at the end of the month, the experimenter interviewed all the subjects again and rated their anxiety level. the meditation group now had less anxiety. psychologists said that the re- sults were suspect because the ratings were not blind. explain what this means and how lack of blindness could bias the reported results.
The ratings were not blind means the experimenter who was rating the subjects knew whether they were in the meditation group or not. This is called placebo effect.
The lack of blindness could bias the reported results because the placebo effect could influence the results. At the same time, no group received a placebo such that we could compare with this group, and thus we cannot take into account the placebo effect.
A blind — or blinded — study is an experiment in which information about the test is masked (kept) from the participant to reduce or eliminate bias until after a trial outcome is known.
Blinding of outcome assessors reduces detection bias. Outcome assessors know that the actual treatment may unconsciously or intentionally alter their assessment.
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Josiah wanted to move his company to a state with lower taxes, but he was concerned about how that would impact his employees. Josiah is demonstrating the concept of.
Josiah was in a state of Ethical dilemma.
He was concerned with the high taxes he was paying and also, he was concerned about the state of his employees when they will either lose their job or move along to a different state.
An ethical dilemma refers to a state wherein when the problem arises neither of the available options can be chosen as a solution as all the available options are not ethically correct.
If Josiah will not move to another state with lower taxes his company may become bankrupt as the taxes were very high in the current state and if he will move to a different state, all his current workers will lose their job and their source of livelihood, and they will be forced to do unethical jobs or they will die due to poverty.
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A teacher concludes that improvements in a particular student's academic ability were caused by a change in that student's cognitive abilities. this conclusion is vulnerable to criticism because?
A teacher concludes that improvements in a particular student's academic ability were caused by a change in that student's cognitive abilities. this conclusion is vulnerable to criticism because the improvements may have been due to shifts in either the physical or the social and emotional development of the individuals involved.
This is further explained below.
What is emotional development.?Generally, The development of a kid's social and emotional skills is a distinct aspect of child development.
Children develop the capacity to comprehend, feel, express, and control their emotions, as well as the ability to form meaningful connections with other people, via a process that is progressive and cumulative in nature.
In conclusion, A specific student's academic performance improved over time, leading a teacher to draw the conclusion that this development was due to a shift in the kid in question's cognitive skills.
This finding is open to debate owing to the fact that the improvements may have been the result of alterations in either the people's physical growth or their social and emotional development.
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what is justice according to aristotlejustice means giving the enemy what is due to them in the proper ways; being just toward them
According to Aristotle theory of Justice the enemy should get back the due in proper way .
Aristotle was known as " the father of political science " and gave its first working definition. His theory of justice means people should get what they deserve.
The systematic study where we learn about the Central and State government is known as Political Science.
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Jennifer is pregnant. if she has a full-term baby, the baby will spend the longest time in the _____ period.
Jennifer is carrying baby. The kid will stay in the fetal stage for the greatest duration if the mother gives birth to a full-term child.
The embryo advances to the following stage and acquires the name fetus once cell differentiation is largely finished. The brain undergoes more significant alterations throughout the fetal stage of prenatal development. Beginning in the ninth week of pregnancy and lasting until delivery, this developmental stage. This phase is characterized by astounding development and change.
Early bodily structures and systems that were created during the embryonic period are still being developed. The neural tube continues to grow into the brain, spinal cord, and neurons. Once created, these neurons start to move toward their intended sites. Synapses, or the links between neurons, start to form as well.
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"faced with this diversity there is little point in trying to isolate anything remotely resembling a national character, but there are two strains of behavior that, however tenuously, abet the concept of unity."
The above statement was made by Anna Quindlen in her essay titled A Quilt of A Country.
A Quilt of a Country's theme is that we must collaborate with others for the welfare of the country. It's amazing how well America works together throughout the week. It represents something remarkable in the world since it has managed to remain together as a whole rather than breaking up due to cultural differences.
Hence, the above statement serves to enhance the above stated theme which really can be summarized into one word "Collaboration"
Who is Anna Quindlen?
Anna Marie Quindlen is an author, journalist, and opinion writer from the United States. In 1992, her New York Times column, Public and Private, received the Pulitzer Prize for Commentary.
She began her media career as a reporter for the New York Post in 1974. Between 1977 to 1994, she worked at The New York Times in a variety of capacities
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a person who engages in bouts of excessive overeating, followed by feelings of distress—but who does not binge, purge, fast, or exercise excessively—is said to have:
A person who engages in bouts of excessive overeating, followed by feelings of distress - but who does not binge, purge, fast, or excessively is said to have is binge-eating disorder.
Binge eating disorder (BED) is a type of feeding and eating disorder that's now recognized as an official diagnosis. It affects almost 2% of people worldwide and can cause additional health issues linked to diets, such as high cholesterol levels and diabetes.
People who chronically overeat may have a common eating disorder called compulsive overeating. It is also known as binge eating. This eating disorder is marked by eating large amounts of food.
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jessica and sonya went to the same high school. they were both good friends. jessica was on the varsity swim team and volleyball team. sonya always wanted to join the volleyball and gymnastics teams. sonya was not able to because her parents both worked and she had to go home directly after school to take care of her younger brother and sister.
Sonya's inability to participate could have prevented her skill-related factors from their true potential because her environment prevented her from participating in the same activity level as her friend Jessica.
Personality fit will also reduce turnover, stress, absenteeism, and dissatisfaction. Personality-job fit theory or person-environment (P-E) fit is a match between a worker's abilities, requirements, and values and organisational expectations, rewards, and values. With the appropriate personality and the right firm, you can establish better synergy and prevent pitfalls such as excessive turnover and low job satisfaction. Sonya and Jessica Personality between a worker's abilities, requirements, and values and organisational demands, rewards, and values.
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Any powers that are not specifically delegated to the federal government by the united states constitution remain with the state governments. these are called _____ powers.
Any powers that are not specifically delegated to the federal government by the united states constitution remain with the state governments. these are called reserved powers.
What is reserved powers?The rights that are neither expressly forbidden by law nor explicitly granted to any department of government are referred to as reserved powers, residual powers, or residuary powers.
These powers, along with a general power of competence, are granted since it is impossible to list every act that the state is permitted to carry out in legislation.
Election administration, marriage lawmaking, and school regulation are among the reserved powers.
In this case, powers that are not specifically delegated to the federal government by the united states constitution remain with the state governments. these are called reserved powers.
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Vigenere cipher: what if key length equals message length? can you still break it? why or why not?
The length of the cipher text alone is not what determines whether a Vigenere encryption can be cracked using frequency analysis.
The ratio of cipher text len to key len, which shows how many characters of the clear text are encoded by one character of the key, is what matters most.
For the illustration you gave, this proportion is under 3. The frequency analysis you suggested using monograms (single letters) will undoubtedly be unsuccessful. You could try to decipher the encryption using bigram, trigram, or quadgram frequency analysis, but even then, your example is probably doomed to failure. According to my observations, Vigenere encryption ciphers with a cipher text len/key len ratio of 4 or greater can be cracked using trigrams (this varies from cipher to cipher).
realizing the important In my view, length is not that crucial. A computer can simply brute force through the potential key lengths rather than using the Kasisky approach or the Friedman method, both of which are only effective if the cipher text is significantly longer than the key.
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Christly often experiences pain in the parts of the body he focuses on during his workouts. what can prevent christly from getting muscle soreness in the future?
Christly often experiences pain in the parts of the body he focuses on during his workouts. what can prevent Christly from getting muscle soreness in the future Stretching before and after workouts
What can stop Christy from experiencing muscle pain in the future?The only ways to avoid further pain are hydration, correct form, and focused practice. The greatest method to avoid future soreness and get the most out of exercise is to pay attention to your body and workouts. Get in an adequate warmup and cooldown each time to get your body ready for workout.
How may muscle discomfort be avoided after exercise?How to treat painful muscles after exercising
Be active. Unbelievably, moving your muscles is one of the finest strategies to lessen their discomfort.
Warm up properly.
Enter a new fitness routine gradually.
Take a salt bath and soak.
Use an analgesic.
Set aside time for rest.
Use a split-day schedule.
What leads to painful muscles after exercise?Dr. Hedt explains that when you exercise, your muscles and the connective tissue that surrounds them suffer damage. But don't worry, this is perfectly natural and necessary for muscle growth because throughout this mending process, muscle is strengthened."
What causes painful muscles?The stress that exercise puts on your muscles can result in pain. Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness, or DOMS, is the name given to it and it is entirely normal. A new activity or a change in activity typically causes DOMS, which can continue up to 24 to 48 hours following the workout.
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ajps a practical guide to counterfactual estimators for causal inference with time-series cross-sectional data
Fixed effects counterfactual estimator, Interactive fixed effects counterfactual estimator, and Matrix completion estimator provide more reliable causal estimates for Causal Inference with Time-Series Cross-Sectional Data.
What is causal inference?Causal derivation alludes to a scholarly discipline that considers the presumptions, concentrate on plans, and assessment techniques that permit scientists to reach causal inferences in light of information. It is the most common way of deciding the free, real impact of a specific peculiarity that is a part of a bigger framework. Causal surmising is led by means of the investigation of frameworks where the proportion of one variable is thought to influence the proportion of another. Causal derivation is led as to the logical technique.
The initial step of causal derivation is to form a falsifiable invalid speculation, which is in this manner tried with factual strategies. Normal systems for causal derivation incorporate the causal pie model (part cause), Pearl's underlying causal model (causal graph + do-analytics), primary condition demonstrating, and Rubin causal model (potential-result), which are in many cases utilized in regions like sociologies and the study of disease transmission.
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The first teacher of deaf and blind people of color at the maryland school for the colored deaf and blind was:_________
Answer:
Frederick Douglas Morrison
Explanation:
Frederick Douglas Morrison was the first superintendent at the Maryland School for the Deaf and Blind. He basically founded it.
How would a caregiver who subscribes to the behaviorist theory of language learning respond when an infant babbles?
A caregiver who subscribes to the behaviorist theory of language learning responds to an infant babbling by babbling with gestures and sounds, in an attempt to reinforce speech.
The behaviorist theory of language learning believes that infants learn language best by seeing and imitating other humans who act as role models. They subscribe to the idea that an infant can be encouraged to learn speech through a process of role modeling, and the use of stimuli and rewards.
Thus, an infant who begins to babble can be encouraged by the caregiver to form meaningful words by making gestures and legible sounds for her to mimic, and displaying greater affection whenever she manages to pronounce words correctly.
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Gretta has never tried pert shampoo but she doubts that a shampoo can be effective as a two-in-one shampoo and conditioner. her negative predisposition toward the brand is her ______.
In a situation where Greta has never tried pert shampoo, but she doubts that a shampoo can be effective as a two-in-one shampoo and conditioner, her negative predisposition toward the brand is her attitude. Therefore, the option D holds true.
What is the significance of an attitude?An attitude can be referred to or considered as the behavior that one has towards a thing or an object, because of the experiences had with such thing or object. It also helps in prediction of a behavior.
Therefore, the option D holds true and states regarding the significance of an attitude.
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Greta had never tried Pert shampoo, but she doubts that a shampoo can be effective as a two-in-one shampoo and conditioner. Her negative predisposition toward the brand is her _______.
a. learned behavior
b. brand cluster
c. attribute
d. attitude
e. motive
Describes actual behavior that denies resources and rewards to members of a particular group.
Discrimination is the actual behavior that denies resources and rewards to members of a particular group.
Discrimination is the unfair or discriminatory behavior by people and groups based on race, gender, age or sexual orientation, etc.
Direct discrimination, Indirect discrimination, Harassment, and Victimization are the four types of discrimination.
We consider one example of discrimination. A dentist is refusing Jeannette a service because of behavior related to her disability. This may be discrimination arising from disability.
Discrimination affects people's opportunities, well-being, and sense of agency. Persistent exposure to discrimination can lead individuals to internalize the prejudice or stigma directed against them, manifesting in shame, low self-esteem, fear, stress, and poor health.
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Which emotion induction technique depends the most on the participant's own experiences and will therefore likely have more variability across participants?
The technique of recalling emotional memories is most dependent on the participant's own experiences and thus is likely to be more variable across participants.
What do we mean by recalling emotional memories?Emotional recall, in particular, is the procedure of recalling a personal memory similar to that of your personality in a specific scene in order to help you empathize with the character on a personal level. When a specific stimulus—a situation, an event, a person, or a started to think of an emotional experience, it can be enjoyable or painful, though not as intensely as the original emotional experience. A particular date, for example, may elicit emotional memories.The technique of remembering emotional memories is most reliant on the individual's own experiences and, as a result, is more likely to vary across participants.Therefore, the technique of recalling emotional memories is most dependent on the participant's own experiences and thus is likely to be more variable across participants.
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Stereotype threat is defined as anxiety related to the phenomenon known as _____.
Stereotype threat is defined as anxiety related to the phenomenon known as self-fulfilling prophecy.
Stereotype threat is described as a socially assumed psychological threat that emerges when one is in a condition or doing something for which a negative stereotype about a different group applies.
Stereotype threat is a situational difficulty in which people are or feel oneself to be at risk of corroborate to stereotypes about their social group.
Example of stereotype threat, when female students are given a mathematics exam and told that the exam is diagnostic of their own mental abilities, negative stereotypes of women as less proficient in mathematics subject can actually negatively effect their performance on the exam.
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the concept based on the belief that authentic discourse depends on free and unrestrained discussion of different points of view is known as the of ideas.
'the concept based on the belief that authentic discourse depends on free and unrestrained discussion of different points of view is known as the marketplace of ideas.
Businesses use online marketplaces to reach customers who want to buy their products and services. Examples of online marketplaces are Amazon, eBay, and Craigslist.
Online marketplaces are e-commerce platforms that list products for sale by sellers and allow buyers to purchase products from several different sellers. Markets can generate their own revenue by processing all payments and charging fees.
A Marketplace is a convenient place for people to discover, buy and sell goods. Users can find what they're looking for by filtering results by location, category, and price.
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A descriptive technique of monitoring and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to change or control the situation is called.
A descriptive technique of monitoring and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to change or control the situation is called naturalistic observation.
Naturalistic observation is a research method that involves observing subjects in their natural environments. This approach is frequently used by psychologists and other social scientists. It’s an approach to qualitative research that emphasizes gathering, analyzing, and describing non-numerical data.
This method involves watching individuals' spontaneous behavior in unstructured settings and studying it. Simply said, the researcher takes note of what they observe in any way they will. The researcher records all pertinent behavior through unstructured observations without employing a system.
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the forces that constitute the specific environment shape the general environment and affect the ability of all organizations in a particular environment to obtain resources.
General environment is the forces that constitute the specific environment shape the general environment and affect the ability of all organizations in a particular environment to obtain resources.
Changes in any sector of the general environment will affect most organizations. These changes usually take place in areas such as political, economic, technological or sociocultural segments. Organizations must adapt to these changes or they will risk losing money or consumers. These changes do not always directly effect organizations that is why they may take a while before they harm or benefit a organization.
The external environment is one that includes the external factors like the clients and customers. It needs to ensure the directly the interactive and the indirectly interactive factors function and work in collaboratively to achieve the business's objectives.
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In what ways are weber's and fayol's ideas about bureaucracy and administration similar? how do they differ?
20th-century management theorists Max Weber and Henry Fayol made significant contributions to management as a whole through their dedication to creating effective forms of management. Many similarities and differences can be derived from the theories of both Max Weber and Henry Fayol.
Weber and Fayol's use of rules and procedures stems from the fact that rules are designed to simplify complex organizational functions. Fayol's 14 Principles for Effective Management provide organizations with insight into how each aspect of management should be approached for success.
The Fayol Principles provide managers with clear guidelines on how to address the most important aspects of management. These key aspects include managing and directing people within an organization and planning and organizing a business.
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Which celebrity's famed book club produced an instant best-seller whenever a book was added to the list? ellen degeneres j. k. rowling oprah winfrey barbara walters
Oprah Winfrey's book club produced an instant best-seller whenever a book was added to the list.
The American talk programme The Oprah Winfrey Show had a part called Oprah's Book Club that featured novels chosen by the host Oprah Winfrey for discussion. In 1996, Winfrey established the book club. Each month, she chooses a new book—typically a novel—for viewers to read and debate. Over the course of its 15 years, the club suggested 70 books in all. In addition to publishing O, The Oprah Magazine, Winfrey also published O At Home from 2004 to 2008. O, Oprah Magazine was dubbed the most successful start-up in business history by Fortune in 2002. The January 2009 edition of the publication had the strongest sales since 2006, despite a more than 10% reduction in circulation (2.4 million) between 2005 and 2008. Compared to her TV show, her magazine has a far more affluent audience, and its typical reader makes significantly more money.
Oprah's O Magazine made the announcement that its regular print releases would terminate with the December 2020 issue in July 2020. Oprah has received criticism for encouraging a confessional culture, endorsing dubious self-help concepts, and taking an emotion-focused approach, but she has also received acclaim for overcoming hardship to help others.
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children learn to avoid fire by being told that it is dangerous, while animals learn to avoid fire by discovering that it burns them. the difference between the two is that human cultural learning depends on
Children learn to avoid fire by being told that it is dangerous, while animals learn to avoid fire by discovering that it burns them. the difference between the two is that human cultural learning depends on the capacity to use symbols.
The psychological underpinnings of cultural evolution are provided by the distinctively human form of social learning known as cultural learning, which enables the fidelity of transmission of behaviors and knowledge among conspecifics unattainable in other kinds of social learning.
Cultural learning is characterized by social learning situations in which intersubjectivity or perspective-taking is crucial to both the initial learning process and the final cognitive outcome. During human ontogeny, cultural learning takes the following three forms: imitation, instruction, and group learning, in that sequence.
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What aspects of a patient's culture will the health care provider keep in mind when providing care?
Aspects of a patient's culture have to health care provider keep in mind when providing care:-
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Proponents of social justice believe that environmental and social problems will decrease if:______
Proponents of social justice believe that environmental and social problems will decrease if resources are distributed fairly.
The fair and equitable distribution of resources, opportunities, and privileges in society is referred to as social justice. It now has a looser definition of an equitable arrangement of social institutions that grants access to financial advantages. As a broad notion, social justice has many different applications among its proponents.
However, social determinants such as racial wealth disparities and unequal access to health care play an important role in the analysis of social justice. Most approaches share broad goals of inclusivity and equity. To achieve these goals, they establish a set of ethical principles for a just society.
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What should be changed to make the following sentence true? the brain’s clock mechanism is located in an area of the hypothalamus known as the pineal nucleus.
The brain's clock mechanism is located in an area of the hypothalamus known as the pineal nucleus. The word "pineal" should be changed to the word "suprachiasmatic."
A bioelectricity may be a awfully high amplitude pattern of nucleus brain activity which can in some cases occur in response to environmental stimuli.
A brain’s clock mechanism is located in an area of the hypothalamus known as the pineal nucleus may be a awfully high amplitude pattern of nucleus brain activity which can in some cases occur in response to environmental stimuli."
A bioelectricity may be a awfully high amplitude pattern of nucleus brain activity which can in some cases occur in response to environmental stimuli."
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What type is typically used in small quantities for emphasis and effect, and depends on its unique form to announce and amplify its content?
Display type often uses its distinctive shape to disclose and accentuate its text. It is typically used sparingly for emphasis and effect.
While display type, which is normally used sparingly and for emphasis and impact, is the type that is 14 points or bigger. A display font is one that is meant to be used in big proportions for headlines rather than for lengthy body text passages. The ornamental and/or large types used as visual cues or headlines in displayed items are referred to as display types. When the type is larger than 14 points, it is typically referred to as the display type, whether it is used in advertisements, book jackets, billboards, or other packaging. Its goal is to grab and hold a viewer's attention, often known as headline type.
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A type of transport of a solute across a membrane, up its concentration gradient, using protein carriers driven by the expenditure of chemical energy is known as.
One mode of transport of solutes across membranes in increasing concentration gradients using protein carriers driven by the consumption of chemical energy is called active transport correct option is (d).
Cells must expend energy to move substances against concentration or electrochemical gradients. Active transport mechanisms do just that, expending energy (often in the form of ATP) to maintain proper ionic and molecular concentrations within living cells. Active transport is usually associated with the accumulation of high concentrations of molecules required by the cell. B. Ions, glucose, amino acids. Examples of active transport are glucose uptake in the human intestine and mineral ion uptake in plant root hair cells.
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The question is incomplete . Check below the full question
a. simple diffusion
b. facilitated diffusion
c. osmosis
d. active transport
karl notes that in all human societies, people use symbols to communicate ideas to one another. karl is taking note of
As Karl notes that in all human societies, people use symbols to communicate ideas to one another, Karl is taking note of language.
What is known as language?It refers to the system of conventional spoken or written symbols by means of which human beings as the members of a social group and participants in its culture freely express themselves.
The main functions of language as we known include the communication, expression of identity, play, imaginative expression, emotional release etc. Then, in In conclusion, as Karl notes that in all human societies, people use symbols to communicate ideas to one another, Karl is taking note of language.
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