What category does this map fall into? (4 points)

a
It is a political map because it shows which early American civilization was more important than the others.

b
It is a political map because it shows the location and capital cities of early American civilizations.

c
It is a physical map because it shows the continents and bodies of water of Central and South America.

d
It is a physical map because it shows why the early American civilizations were located where they were.

Use the map below to answer the following question:

Pope Urban II's call for the First Crusade in 1095 had significant consequences and varied interpretations. It's important to note that the perception of whether it was "good" or not depends on individual perspectives and the historical context in which it is considered.

From the perspective of Pope Urban II and many Christians at the time, the Crusades were seen as a righteous cause, aimed at reclaiming the Holy Land (Jerusalem) from Muslim control. Urban II believed that the Crusades would not only defend Christian pilgrims and holy sites but also reunite Christendom and solidify the power of the papacy.

However, the impact of the Crusades was complex and far-reaching. While some might argue that they achieved their objectives to a certain extent by establishing Crusader states in the Levant, the Crusades also brought about significant suffering, bloodshed, and conflicts between different cultures and religions. The aftermath of the Crusades had lasting effects on both the Christian and Muslim worlds.

Moreover, the motivations behind the Crusades were not purely religious. Economic, political, and social factors played significant roles in attracting participants to the cause, including the desire for wealth, land, adventure, and religious indulgence.

On November 27, 1095, Pope Urban II makes perhaps the most influential speech of the Middle Ages, giving rise to the Crusades by calling all Christians in Europe to war against Muslims in order to reclaim the Holy Land, with a cry of “Deus vult!” or “God wills it!”