The costs for top-shelf according to the question is The Total Direct Material is $1500, Total Direct labor cost is $4100, Total Manufacturing Overhead is $8350, Prime Cost is $5600, Total Conversion costs is $12450 Total manufacturing cost is $13950 Total period cost is $4400
In production, retail, and accounting, a cost is the cost of money that has been used up to provide something or deliver a carrier, and as a result, isn't always available for use anymore. In enterprise, the fee may be one of acquisition, wherein case the quantity of cash expended to collect it's far counted as value.
Direct expenses are costs that may be connected to a specific product, even as indirect expenses are fees worried about retaining and strolling a company. As an enterprise owner, you will have clearer expertise in how to set pricing if you could classify your prices successfully.
Direct material
Woods used to build bookcases = $1500
Total Direct Material = $1500
Direct Labour
Wages of persons who assemble the bookcase = $2500
Wages of persons who sand the wood after it is cut = $1600
Total Direct labor cost = $4100
Manufacturing Overhead
Depreciation on factory equipment = $1800
Production supervisor’s salary = $2800
Glue and screws used in the bookcases = $250
Rent for the factory = $3500
Total Manufacturing Overhead = $8350
Prime Cost
Prime Cost = Total Direct Material + Total Direct labor cost
Prime Cost = 1500 + 4100 = $5600
Conversion Cost
Conversion Cost = Total Direct labor cost + Total Manufacturing Overhead
Total Conversion Cost = 4100 + 8350 = $12450
Total manufacturing cost
Total manufacturing cost = Total Direct Material + Total Direct labor cost Total Manufacturing Overhead
Total manufacturing cost = 1500 + 4100 + 8350 = $13950
Total period cost
Total period cost = Depreciation on delivery trucks + Cost to run an ad on local radio station + CEOs salary
Total period cost = 800 + 600 + 3000 = $4400
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If the price of automobiles were to decrease substantially, the demand curve for public transportation would most likely?
If the price of automobiles were to decrease substantially, the demand curve for public transportation would most likely shift rightward. In economics, a demand curve is a graphical representation of the connection between product price and quantity required. The graph is displayed with the price on the vertical axis and the amount demanded on the horizontal axis.
There are various types of curves in economic theory. Demand curves are primarily classed as elastic, inelastic, individual, or market curves. The demand curve often slopes downward due to the law of demand, which asserts that the price and demand of an item have an inverse proportional relationship.
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Suppose total planned expenditures equal $100 billion when the value of the price level is 100. if the price level drops to 90, total planned real expenditures will equal?
If the price level drops to 90, total planned real expenditures will equal a decrease in aggregate supply and no change in aggregate demand.
This is further explained below.
What is aggregate supply?Generally, The aggregate supply is the complete supply of products and services generated within an economy at a certain overall price over a specific period of time.
This supply may also be referred to as total output.
In conclusion, In the event that the price level falls to 90, the total projected real expenditures will be equivalent to a decline in aggregate supply while aggregate demand would remain unchanged.
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CQ
Suppose total planned expenditures equal $50 trillion when the value of the price level is 100. If the price level drops to 90, total planned real expenditures will equal
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A.
None of the above: Cannot be determined without additional information.
B.
less than $50 trillion.
C.
$50 billion.
D.
more than $50 trillion.
Which accounting course focus on the preparation of external financial statements by applying generally. accepted accounting principles
The answer is Financial accounting.
Financial accounting is a subset of accounting that involves the process of recording, summarizing, and reporting a plethora of transactions occurring from corporate operations throughout time.Financial accounting is the branch of accounting dealing with the summary, analysis, and reporting of a company's financial transactions. This entails preparing financial statements for public use.In practice, financial accounting's major goal is to accurately create an organization's financial accounts for a certain time, often known as financial statements. The income statement, balance sheet, and statement of cash flows are the three basic financial statements.Businesses in the United States are expected to undertake financial accounting in accordance with widely accepted accounting principles (GAAP). 1 The purpose of establishing these accounting rules is to offer investors, creditors, regulators, and tax authorities with uniform information.Thus this is the meaning of Financial Accounting.
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What does the richness of a communication channel involve?
The richest communication channels involve more than just words and maximize the volume and speed of information that may be sent.
Humans often use words to convey their ideas while speaking, but there are other forms of communication we frequently ignore, including nonverbal communication. According to psychology, persons who think about the richness of the communication channel they use while speaking to others report feeling more fulfilled and connected to those with whom they interact than those who do not.
Some studies claim that face-to-face discussions are the richest medium since they incorporate more than simply words. The major interactions that make up a communication-rich include face-to-face, social media posting, email correspondence, instant messaging, video calls, telephone conversations, or conference calls. Thus, rich communication involves more than just words.
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the pay for the job of accountant in london, los angeles and berlin is likely to be different due to
The pay for the job of accountant in London, Berlin, and Los Angeles is likely to be different due to exchange value.
The wage rates for a job of accountant differs in London, Los Angeles and Berlin because labor productivity and exchange value differs between different countries. Labor productivity becomes much higher when labor is supplemented by the capital.
Whereas, an exchange value is considered to be the proportion at which a commodity can be exchanged for other commodities. Thus, wages for workers will differ in these cases, while assuming of course that labor actually demands higher wages.
Hence, due to exchange value, the pay for the job of accountant in London, Los Angeles and Berlin is likely to be different.
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Zero coupon bonds have very limited price volatility.
a. true
b. false
"Zero coupon bonds have very limited price volatility."
This statement is True.
If you preserve a zero-coupon bond to maturity, the absolutely compounded charge of go back is truly assured to be identical to the charge said on the time the bond becomes purchased. Zero coupon bonds have very restrained rate volatility. Municipal bonds are maximum appealing to citizens of states with excessive earnings tax rates.
In finance, volatility is the diploma of the version of a buying and selling rate collection over time, commonly measured through the usual deviation of logarithmic returns. Historic volatility measures a time collection of beyond marketplace prices.
Volatility is the usual deviation of an inventory's annualized returns over a given duration and indicates the variety wherein its rate may also growth or decrease. If the rate of an inventory fluctuates swiftly in a brief duration, hitting new highs and lows, it's miles stated to have excessive volatility.
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Two firms compete by advertising. given the payoff matrix to this advertising game, identify each firm's best response to its rival's possible actions. does either firm have a dominant strategy?
If two firms compete by advertising. As per the payoff matrix to this advertising game each firm's best response to its rival's possible actions
If firm 2 does not advertise, then firm 1 should not advertiseIf firm 2 advertises, then firm 1 should not advertiseIf firm 1 does not advertise, then firm 1 should advertiseIf firm 1 advertises, then firm 2 should advertiseIn this situation firm, 1 has a dominant strategy to not advertise on the other hand firm 2 has a dominant strategy to advertise.
Therefore the Nash Equilibrium is Firm 1 to not advertise and Firm 2 to advertise.
A payoff matrix is a manner to explicit the end result of players' alternatives in a sport. A payoff matrix does now not explicit the shape of a game, such as though players take turns taking movements or a participant has to make a choice without knowing what preference the other will make.
In recreation principle, the Nash equilibrium, named after the mathematician John Nash, is the most not unusual way to outline the solution of a non-cooperative recreation involving two or more gamers.
For matrix payoff games with gamers, a Nash equilibrium requires that the row chosen maximizes the row participant's payoff, given the column selected with the aid of the column player, and the column, in flip, maximizes the column player's payoff given the row decided on through the row participant.
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when marcus meets with lily and talks to her about the advantages of the service offered by his company, he is engaging i
He is engaging in Personal Selling.
Personal selling, often known as face-to-face selling, occurs when one person, the salesman, attempts to persuade a customer to purchase a product. It is a sales promotion technique in which the salesman leverages his or her skills and abilities to achieve a sale.Personal selling occurs when a sales professional meets with a potential client to close a sale. Many sales professionals depend on a nine-step sales method that is used by all sales representatives. Some salespeople create scripts for all or part of the sales process.Personal selling is frequently used to sell products with relatively high costs or complex features. Automobiles, office equipment (such as photocopiers), and numerous products sold by corporations to other industrial customers are excellent examples.Thus this is the meaning of Personal Selling.
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list the phases into which the work on a building project is divided, including the three subdivisions (stages) of the design phase. then, briefly explain what is accomplished in each stage.
The phases into which the work on a building project/ construction is divided are Project conception, design, and planning, Building permits, Pre-construction, Procurement, Construction and Post-construction.
Before starting on the detailed design phase, a project's first concepts are thought out. After locating the project's location and identifying the relevant building codes, this comes next. Securing all appropriate building permits is required before the project can start. The process of getting a project approved by numerous overlapping bodies can be time-consuming. Pre-construction services are essential for creating a systematic method for estimating costs, the scope of the project, and the timeline for completion. It is crucial to the project, and it is at this point that the project team is put together and a structure for communication and the project's foundation are aligned.
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Which of these requirements for life is fulfilled by the skin? maintaining boundaries reproduction digestion growth
The requirements for life which is fulfilled by the skin is maintaining boundaries.
Every living creature must maintain its borders so that its internal environment (on the inside) is different from the surrounding exterior environment (outside). The exterior boundary of a single-celled organism is a limiting membrane that encloses its contents and admits essential substances while restricting passage of potentially harmful or superfluous substances. Similarly, all of our body's cells are surrounded by a selectively permeable membrane. Furthermore, the integumentary system, or skin, encloses and protects the body as a whole by protecting our interior organs from drying out (a fatal change), bacteria, and the destructive effects of heat, sunlight, and an incredible variety of substances in the external environment.The ultimate purpose of all body systems is to keep people alive. However, life is extremely delicate and necessitates the presence of various components. These components, which we'll refer to as survival needs, comprise nutrition (food), oxygen, water, as well as an adequate temperature and atmospheric pressure.Thus this is the meaning of requirements for life.
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click here to access the 2022 tax rate schedule. if required, round the tax liability to the nearest dollar. when required, round the average rates to four decimal places before converting to a percentage (i.e., .67073 would be rounded to .6707 and entered as 67.07%).
Tax Liability = $ 20,140 Marginal Rate = 24% Average Rate = 18.38%
If taxable income raise by $1, then he has to pay 24% income tax o such additional income.
Average tax rate=Tax liability/ Taxable income
Average tax rate=20,140/109, 600 = 0.1838 or 18.385
Tax Liability is the sum of money that a person, company, or other organization owes to a federal, state, or municipal taxing body.
Generally, when you earn money or make money off of the sale of an investment or another item, you have to pay taxes. If your income falls below the threshold for filing taxes, you could not owe any income taxes.
Taxes on earned income are the most typical tax Liability for Americans. You utilize the Internal Revenue Service's (IRS) tax rates and basic deductions while filing federal taxes.
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when a bank decides whether or not to make a loan to a customer it knows will be unlikely to be able to repay the loan, this is an example of: corporate sustainability initiative an ethical issue social responsibility initiative
When a bank decides whether or not to make a loan to a customer it knows will be unlikely to be able to repay the loan, this is an example of: an ethical issue.
What is a loan?A loan can be defined as an amount of money that is typically being borrowed by a borrower from a bank or other financial institutions (lender), and it is generally expected to be repaid by a borrower to the lender at a specific period of time with an agreed interest.
What is a code of ethics?A code of ethics can be defined as a set of rules, agreed behaviors, norms, accepted practices, ideals, and responsibilities set aside for the members of a group or business organization such as in banks.
This ultimately implies that, a code of ethics is a strategic policy that explicitly outlines the principles, ideals, and standard which the members and other third parties acting on behalf of a group or business organization must always adhere to in all circumstances.
In conclusion, we can reasonably infer and logically deduce that a bank deciding whether or not to make a loan to a customer it knows that is most unlikely to be able to repay the loan, it is an example of: an ethical issue.
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What detail most clearly develops the central idea in the first question you answered?
Group of answer choices
"Plasmodium’s ancestors probably rubbed shoulders with the eggs and larvae of mosquitoes, similarly floating on sun-dappled waters.” (paragraph 7)
“And yet, despite the millennia-long battles between us, malaria still manages to infect at least three hundred million of us— . . . and kills nearly one million, year after year.” (paragraph 2)
"The survivors learned how to withstand the diseases’ ravages, though, and in time both measles and smallpox settled into being unremarkable childhood illnesses. . . .” (paragraph 1)
“The rest of us all do our obscure little part in the drama of life, weaving ourselves deeper into local ecology. . . .” (paragraph 4)
braiiest
The detail that most clearly develops the central idea in the first question is “And yet, despite the millennia-long battles between us, malaria still manages to infect at least three hundred million of us— . . . and kills nearly one million, year after year.” (paragraph 2).
What can be said of the Malaria pathogen?The first question has the central idea that the malaria pathogen has not become less deadly over the centuries.
This is proven by the fact that even though humanity has fought the malaria pathogen for thousands of years, it still infects millions every year and leads to the death of almost of million people.
This means that the pathogen is still very strong and has not grown to be less deadly like measles and smallpox.
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Once the break-even point has been reached, the sale of an additional unit will lead to an increase in contribution margin that is _______ the increase in net operating income.
Once the break-even point has been reached, the sale of an additional unit will lead to an expand in contribution margin that is $0.70 the make bigger in net working income.
When you reach break-even point, you have no internet loss or gain. In other words, you have reached the point where sales revenue exactly covers (and is therefore equal to) total costs, consisting of both fixed charges and variable costs.
What occurs to contribution margin when break-even point is reached?After the break-even factor is reached, the whole contribution margin on the next gadgets bought will be profit... furnished the total fixed prices and charges do no longer increase. The cause lies in the definition of contribution margin: selling rate minus the variable expenses and expenses.
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https://brainly.com/question/27106216#SPJ4A consumer's attitude toward apple is formed because she has developed _____ over time that apple's products are cutting-edge, innovative, and must-haves
A consumer's attitude towards apple is shaped due to the fact she has developed beliefs over time that apple's products are, progressive, and ought to have.
Having a positive attitude method being constructive about situations, interactions, and yourself. human beings with high-quality attitudes remain hopeful and notice the high quality even in tough situations.
A high-quality mindset gets the paintings done and motivates others to do the same without residing in the demanding situations that necessarily come up in any job. it's miles the enthusiastic employee who creates surroundings of goodwill and who affords an advantageous position version for others.
Individuals who have an effective attitude will be aware of the best in preference to awful in humans, situations, and activities. An easy instance of a fine mindset; is when you are having a totally terrible run of success but nevertheless say “exact Morning” rather than “what's so correct about this morning.”
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how did andrew carnegie live according to the gospel of wealth? a. he kept the government out of the free market and kept laissez-faire alive. b. he m
In his lifetime, Andrew Carnegie donated more than $350 million. Many wealthy people have given to charity, but Carnegie was arguably the first to publicly assert that the wealthy should donate their money.
Starting out as a telegrapher, Carnegie amassed interests in oil derricks, railroads, sleeper cars, and bridges by the 1860s. He supported thousands of church organs in the United States and other countries in addition to sponsoring libraries.
In his chosen nation and many others, Carnegie's fortune contributed to the establishment of several colleges, schools, charitable organisations, and associations.
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The cost of equipment that will benefit future periods is typically recorded as a(n)?
The cost of equipment that will benefit future periods is typically recorded as an asset
What are assets?
Assets are resources controlled by entity whose future economic benefits are expected to flow to the entity, in essence, the fact the equipment would be used and would benefit the company owning now and in subsequent years, means that it cannot be recorded an expense whose benefits span only one accounting period, rather it should be recorded as an asset since its benefits cut across many accounting periods.
Without mincing words, when the equipment in this case, is bought the asset account should be debited since an increase in assets has a normal debit entry in double entry principle, hence, it is recorded an increase equipment account.
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it costs $75 per day for each day that a construction crew is on site. the project manager determines that most activities can be crashed and has listed the crashing costs next to the minimum time for each activity. use this information to determine the lowest cost for this project. all times given are in days.
It costs $75 per day for each day that a construction crew is on site. the project manager determines that most activities can be crashed and has listed the crashing costs next to the minimum time for each activity. the lowest cost for this project will be $1,780.
The total anticipated costs required to accomplish a project over a specified time frame make up a project budget. It is employed to forecast the project's costs for each stage of the process. A crucial step in the project planning process is developing the project budget.
Project managers (PMs) are in charge of organizing, planning, and guiding the execution of particular projects for an organization while making sure that these projects are completed on time, within budget, and within the intended scope.
It should come as no surprise that project management can be very stressful. We are accountable for delivering on time, on budget, and within scope yet frequently struggle with resource constraints or inadequate equipment, inflated customer expectations, and a to-do list that could go to the moon and back.
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Apparel designers and merchandisers research color trends one to two years in advance of the season by?
Garb designers and merchandisers study coloration developments one to 2 years earlier than the season with the aid of All are true as garb corporations might forecast colors via any of, or a mixture of, that manner.
Merchandisers are any exercise that contributes to the sale of merchandise to a retail patron. In a retail in-shop degree, merchandising refers to showing products that are on the market in a creative way that entices clients to buy extra objects or products.
Merchandisers are accountable for the whole thing that happens to a product from the instant it's miles brought to the store to the moment a consumer picks it up off the shelf. They monitor product appearance and deliver in numerous stores during their specific geographic area.A merchandiser is a commercial enterprise that purchases inventory and resells it to customers for income. outlets and wholesalers are proper examples of merchandisers because they normally purchase goods from manufacturers in the marketplace and promote them to the public customers.
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What company would fit a generic strategy of focused differentiation? question 25 option
a. jiffy lube
b. bessemer trust
c. walmart target
The company would fit a generic strategy of focused differentiation is Walmart target.
People who shop at Walmart are typically associated with middle- and upper-middle-class rural families who want a convenient, affordable, one-stop shopping experience.
Walmart has more than 3,500 supercenters in the US and last year he had $555 billion in sales. Retail giants have the highest customer retention rates among major brands in shopper surveys. The average Walmart customer is a 59.5-year-old, Caucasian, married woman with an annual income of $80,000.
Target sees this demographic as its target market, as the majority of Target's buyers are between He's 18 and She's 44. However, the most common buyers in this group tend to be in their 30s and early 40s.
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Why Is It Important to look at external sources of Information when exploring product and service information?
OA. They help you learn about examples of company product claims.
OB. They help you find unblased Information about the product's actual performance.
OC. They help you learn more about the product's competition.
OD. They help you find out where to purchase the product.
OE. They help you by telling you which product is right for you.
Answer:
OA They help you learn about examples of company product claims
the includes members of hope springs' upper management team, brian (the purchasing manager), and members of the accounts payable department.
The buying center includes members of hope springs' upper management team, brian (the purchasing manager), and members of the accounts payable department.
Management is the management of an employer, whether it's far a enterprise, a non-income organisation, or a government frame. it is the artwork and science of handling sources of the business.
Commercial enterprise management is the coordination and employer of commercial enterprise activities. enterprise managers oversee operations and help personnel attain their pinnacle productiveness levels. A commercial enterprise supervisor may supervise or teach new employees, assist a commercial enterprise attain its operational and monetary goals.
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Compute the unadjusted cost of goods sold for the year. do not include any underapplied or overapplied overhead in your answer.
Computing the unadjusted cost of goods sold for the year:
Total manufacturing overhead = $ 900,000
Total machine in hours = 75,000 hours
Overhead rate = [tex]\frac{900,000}{75,000}[/tex] = $ 12.00 per hour
Actual manufacturing overhead cost = $ 850,000
Manufacturing overhead process during the year = 60,000 actual manufacturing overhead rate × $12 per hour manufacturing rate = 720,000
Underapplied overhead cost = $ 130,000
The total sum that a company spent on expenses directly associated with the sale of goods is known as the cost of goods sold. Depending on the nature of your business, this could also include raw materials, packaging, direct labor involved in making or selling the product, and items bought for resale. Only those expenses that are directly used in generating that revenue are used to calculate COGS, such as the company's inventory or labor costs that can be linked to specific sales. In contrast, COGS does not account for fixed expenses like managerial salaries, rent, and utilities. The costs incurred by a company directly related to the manufacture and sale of its products and services are referred to as the cost of goods sold. Simply put, COGS refers to costs that are directly incurred during a transaction.
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From the perspective of managing a budget, what term is used to describe the difference between the amount of money that was budgeted and the actual amount of money spent?.
Budget variance is a term used to describe the discrepancy between the amount of money allocated and the actual amount spent when managing a budget.
A budget variance is a recurring metric used by organisations, businesses, or individuals to express the discrepancy between budgeted and actual numbers for a certain accounting category. Positive variations or gains are referred to as favourable budget variances, whereas negative deviations, which represent losses or shortages, are referred to as unfavourable budget variances. Forecasters' imperfect ability to predict future expenditures and revenues leads to budget variations.
The sum of money spent to purchase a good or asset is referred to as the actual amount in accounting. This could be the price of the product in the past, present, or future. This is not what the management has budgeted or expected because such prices could also include vendor costs for delivery, setup, and testing.
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at the beginning of year 2 clair company had a $5,500 balance in its retained earnings account. during january of year 2 clair earned $2,000 of revenue and incurred $1,400 of expenses. based on this information, the balance in retained earnings account on january 31, year 2 is
Based on the given sets of data, the balanced retained earning account on January 31, year 2 is 5500.
The retained earning account is what?Retained profits are the sum of a company's profits that are left over after paying all of its direct and indirect costs, income taxes, and dividends to share-holders. This is the portion of the company's equity that could be used, for instance, to pay for new machinery purchases, research & development, and marketing.
Retained earnings are the overall profits that remain after a company pays dividends to its shareholders. These revenues could be reinvested in the business, perhaps by going toward new equipment purchases or debt repayment.
Retained earnings are the prior profits of a corporation that have not been paid out as dividends. It is shown in the equity section of the balance sheet.
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The corporate research division of siemens files, on average, 25 patents a day. the patents are a(n) __________ resource.
a. tangible
b. organizational
c. physical
d. intangible
On average, the corporate research division of siemens files 25 patents a day. the patents are an intangible resource.
How to illustrate the information?Technology resources are any and all forms of technology that produce, modify, store, transfer, or disseminate information. These resources include wired and wireless data networks, video and voice networks, computers for information processing, and different storage and archiving devices.
Money, stock, equipment, land, and buildings are examples of resources that may be physically touched. These items have a fixed value and are simple to sell. They are significant in accounting because they help a company comprehend its financial status when they are included on balance sheets and financial statements.
In this instance, Siemens' corporate research division files 25 patent applications on average each day. . The patents are an intangible resource.
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If a country's government imposes a tariff on imported goods, that country's current account balance will likely ____ (assuming no retaliation by other governments).
If a country's government imposes a tariff on imported goods, that country's current account balance will likely increase. Therefore, the option B holds true.
What is the significance of government tariff?A government tariff can be referred to or considered as the charge imposed by the government authorities on the import of goods to incentivize the generation of its revenues. Higher tariffs lead to an increase in the current account balances of the country.
Therefore, the option B holds true and states regarding the significance of government tariff.
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The missing options to the incomplete question have been added below for better reference.
If a country's government imposes a tariff on imported goods, that country's current account balance will likely ____ (assuming no retaliation by other governments).
a. decrease
b. increase
c. remain unaffected
d. either A or C is possible
The filing status of a taxpayer (e.g., single, head of household) must be identified before the applicable standard deduction is determined. true false
True - Taxes are compulsory payments made by a government organization, whether local, regional, or federal, to people or businesses.
You must be legally single, cover more than half of household expenses, and either have a qualified dependent who lives with you for at least half the year or a parent for whom you cover more than half of their living expenses in order to qualify for head-of-household status. The standard deduction is a set dollar amount that lowers the amount of income on which you're taxed. To qualify as a head of household, you must file an individual return, be unmarried, not be claimed on anyone else's tax return, and be eligible to claim a qualified dependent. The total of the basic standard deduction plus any additional standard deductions for old age or blindness constitutes your standard deduction.
Tax revenues are used to fund a variety of government initiatives, such as Social Security and Medicare as well as public infrastructure and services like roads and schools.
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advertising occurs when a consumer is ""unjustifiably injured"" or there is a ""violation of public policy.""
It is False that Deceptive advertising occurs when a consumer is "unjustifiably injured" or there is a "violation of public policy." .
What is Deceptive advertising ?Deceptive advertising can be described as the act of publishing as well as transmitting which involves publicly circulating an advertisement that has a false claim.
This can be used intentionally to promote the sale of property, hence It is False that Deceptive advertising occurs when a consumer is "unjustifiably injured" or there is a "violation of public policy." .
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COMPLETE QUESTION:
tRUE OR FALSE Deceptive advertising occurs when a consumer is "unjustifiably injured" or there is a "violation of public policy." false.
Enlightenment thinker adam smith wrote about laissez-faire economics and market systems, which was influential in how people economically viewed the role of the government. According to smith, what role should the government have?.
Enlightenment thinker Adam Smith wrote about laissez-faire economics and market systems, which was influential in how people economically viewed the role of the government. According to Smith, The Wealth of Nations was the first great treatise on economics and founded the discipline role the government has.
Adam Smith's writings influence economics today as he believed wealth is made via labor, and self-interest spurs people to use their resources to earn money. Smith's theories that economies thrive when competition, capitalism, and a free market, are alive and well within the 21st century.
Smith's free-market philosophy was expressed in his notion of 'the invisible hand': the thought that an economy can regulate itself through the actions of people who are seeking only their own gain.
Smith believed that the government's proper roles in society should be limited, but well defined: the govt. should provide national defense, the administration of justice, and public goods.
The concept of absolute advantage was developed by economic experts within the Wealth of countries to point out how countries can gain by specializing in producing and exporting the products that they produce more efficiently than other countries, and by importing goods that other countries produce more efficiently.
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