Your question is incomplete. Here is the full question:
The following accounts are from last year's books of Sharp Manufacturing: Raw Materials Bal 0 (b) 156,400 (a) 170,000 13,600 Work In Process Bal 0 (f) 519,600 (b) 133,200 (c) 170,400 (e) 216,000 0 Finished Goods Bal 0 (g) 472,000 (f) 519,600 47,600 Manufacturing Overhead (b) 23,200 (e) 216,000 (c) 27,200 (d) 158,400 7,200 Cost of Goods Sold (g) 472,000 Sharp uses job-order costing and applies manufacturing overhead to jobs based on direct labor costs. What is the amount of direct materials used for the year?
Answer:
Used in Production $ 133,200
Explanation:
Raw Materials T accounts:
DEBIT CREDIT
Beginning 0
Used 156,400
Purchased 170,000
Ending Balance 13,600
Glancing at the T-account, the debit conveys purchases of Raw materials, while the credit is the number of materials utilized, whether indirect or direct.
To glance for the amount used, we glance into:
WIP inventory
DEBIT CREDIT
133,200 <-- DIRECT MATERIALS
Manufacturing Overhead
DEBIT CREDIT
23,200 <-- INDIRECT MATERIALS
Job order costing is a costing technique utilized to define the cost of production per product. This costing method is normally adopted when a manufacturer delivers various products and requires calculating costs for doing individual jobs. Job costing incorporates direct labor, direct materials, and manufacturing overhead for that special job.
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The data-collection technique that notes every time a behavior occurs within an observation period is?
'The data-collection technique that notes every time a behavior occurs within an observation period is called interval recording.
Observation Period means, with respect to the relevant Interest Period, the period beginning on a date that includes “p” Business Days prior to the beginning of such Interest Period (the first Interest Period begins and includes the Interest Start Period).
Observation period is the length of time that an individual is expected to record drug potential and status information. For entitlement dates, the monitoring period corresponds to the subscription period of the plan.
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the proposes that tariffs be imposed on imported manufactured goods to give u.s. firms temporary protection from foreign competition until they can fully establish themselves.
The infant industry argument proposes that tariffs be imposed on imported manufactured goods to give u.s. firms temporary protection from foreign competition until they can fully establish themselves.
What are imported goods?Imported goods are goods that are purchased from foreign countries with the objective of selling in the home country due to a lack of ability to produce goods due to a lack of resources.
The infant industry argument proposes that tariffs which include tax duty applicable on imported goods help to provide protection from the competition to make established completely in the foreign countries.
Therefore, option B is appropriate.
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The complete question is Probably
6) The ________ proposes that tariffs be imposed on imported manufactured goods to give U.S. firms temporary protection from foreign competition until they can fully establish themselves.
A) national defense argument
B) infant industry argument
C) industrial policy
D) strategic trade theory
The superior position a product enjoys over competing products if consumers believe it has more value than other products in its category is referred to as a?
The superior position a product enjoys over competing products if consumers believe it has more value than other products in its category is referred to as Direct ownership.
A product is an object provided for sale. Products are offerings or items. It may be in bodily or digital or cyber forms. All merchandise is made at a rate and bought at a rate. The rate that may be calculated relies upon at the market, quality, marketing, and goal segment. A product is an object or carrier which you promote to fulfill a customer's desires or desires. they're bodily or digital. Physical merchandise encompasses long-lasting goods (which include cars, furniture, and computers) and consumables (which include meals and beverages).
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with this alternative to foreclosure, borrowers receive permission from their lender to sell the property for less than the amount owed on the borrower’s mortgage.
Short Sale is the alternative to foreclosure, borrowers receive permission from their lender to sell the property for less than the amount owed on the borrower’s mortgage.
What is a short sale?Short sales occur when the seller places a sell order through a broker-dealer but does not actually own the stock being sold. Instead, they are borrowing it from the broker-dealer. The seller is then obligated to purchase the stock back at a later date. Since short sales are margin transactions, they are subject to stricter equity reserve requirements than purchases.
Custodial banking and investment management firms lend the shares to brokers as a source of income for short sale operations. Merrill Lynch Wealth Management and JPMorgan Chase & Co. are two companies that lend shares for short selling.
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what is the future value of $1,000 today if it draws interest at 8% compounded annually for 10 years?
The future value of $1,000 today if it draws interest at 8% compounded annually for 10 years is $215
To find:
The future value of the borrowed amount after 10 years
The investment's present value, or PV, is $1000.
The rate of interest, r = 8% =8/100 = 0.08.
The time in years, t = 10.
n = 1 since the sum is compounded yearly.
The future value formula of compound interest:
FV = PV (1 + r / n)n t
FV = 1000(1+0.08/1)1x10
A = $2159
The future value = $2159
What is Future value ?
Future value is the value of a current asset at some time in the future based on an anticipated growth rate (FV).Investors can reasonably forecast an investment's profit using the FV formula.Calculating the FV of a market investment can be challenging because to market volatility and uncertainty over future investing conditions.One of two methods—compound interest or simple interest—can beused to calculate an asset's FV.To know more about Future value visit:
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according to the text, which are the two types of misstatements that are relevant to auditors' consideration of fraud?
The two types of misstatements are fraudulent financial reporting and misappropriation of assets.
Misstatement means altering the right information with the wrong information to save taxes. The misstatement in the books is the most commonly used fraud by the companies. Fraudulent financial reporting and the misappropriation of assets are the two major misstatements done by the company. In this, a company shows wrong information in the financial statements of the company on the other hand in misappropriation of the assets is shown as less than the actual value of assets. By doing this the company wants to reduce its net income and show less value of the assets. These activities of the assets are immediately considered a fraud by the auditors.
Hence, Fraudulent financial reporting and asset misappropriation are the two categories of misstatements.
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To print tickets, a printer charges a $70 setup fee plus $1.25 per ticket. write an algebraic expression for the cost of t tickets. what is the cost of 650 tickets?
The algebraic expression is: 70 + 1.25t and cost of 650 tickets is $882.50.
We are given the one time set up fee which is $70 and ticket fee which will be computed on the number of tickets. So, we will perform multiplication to find the total cost on tickets followed by addition to setup.
Thus, cost on t number of tickets = 1.25×t
The mathematical algebraic expression that will form is -
70 + 1.25×t
Now, we are given the value of t as 650. So, keep the value in algebraic expression to find the cost of 650 tickets -
Cost of 650 tickets = 70 + 1.25×650
Cost of 650 tickets = 70 + 812.5
Cost of 650 tickets = 882.5
Hence, the algebraic expression is: 70 + 1.25t and cost of 650 tickets is $882.50.
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What+is+the+tax+exempt+equivalent+yield+on+a+9%+bond+yield+given+a+marginal+tax+rate+of+28%?
The tax exempt yield is 12.5%.
We are given the rate of interest and marginal tax in the question. The interest rate is 9% and marginal tax rate is 28%.
The formula to calculate the tax exempt equivalent is as follows -
Tax exempt yield = Interest rate ÷ (1 - your tax rate)
Keep the values in formula to find the value of tax exempt yield -
Tax exempt yield = 9% ÷ (1 - 28%)
Tax exempt yield = 0.09 ÷ (1 - 0.28)
Tax exempt yield = 0.09 ÷ 0.72
Tax exempt yield = 0.125
Calculating tax exempt yield in percentage as follows -
Tax exempt yield = 0.125*100
Tax exempt yield = 12.5%
Hence, the tax exempt yield is 12.5%.
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Or each of the following items, determine whether the item would be? a. added to the bank balance b. subtracted from the bank balance c. added to the book balance d. subtracted from the book balance
The answer is option c. added to the book balance.
What Is Book Balance?
According to its accounting records, a company's book balance represents its cash position. Transactions that haven't been settled or cleared through the bank account may be included in the book balance.
The amount in a company's book balance is what remains after checks that haven't cleared, deposits that aren't yet received, or any outstanding withdrawals from accounts have been taken into consideration.
To put it another way, the book balance is a running total of a business's account balance after taking into account all transactions, some of which have not yet been matched up with the bank account.
Businesses can control the monthly cash flow activities, which include cash coming in and cash going out from the organization, by making sure that the book balance is accurate.
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A country ruled by rich businessmen would be classified as a(n) _________________.
A country ruled by using rich businessmen might be categorized as a(n) plutocracy.
You may outline a businessperson as a jack-of-all-trades in relation to making and spending cash. you may discover them in simply each company by shopping for and selling items, managing operations, supervising people, balancing the books, and overseeing the budget. Ardor, resourcefulness, willingness to improvise and pay attention to others, and sturdy willpower to prevail are what make a businessman successful. And this is what you have to keep in mind as well if you need to be a successful entrepreneur yourself.
An amazing businessman works to fulfill the monetary desires of inner and external sources. He makes use of finance in this kind of manner in his commercial enterprise it gives him maximum earnings. A successful business has u fine that he can manage the finance without difficulty.
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Which type of account is increased with a credit? multiple choice question. expense asset dividend revenue
Recognizing revenue for cash or on account enhances assets as well as stockholders' equity. A debit is recorded for a growth in assets (cash or accounts receivable), whereas a credit is recorded for an increase in stockholders' equity (service revenue). Accounts A credit is applied to a receivable account.
Because the owner's capital account has a regular debit balance, the owner's equity account is boosted on the debit side. In effect, a debit rises and a credit decreases an expense account on the income statement. . The account balance is reduced when a debit is placed to any of these accounts.
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what is the efficient markets hypothesis (emh), and what are its three forms? what evidence supports the emh? what evidence casts doubt on the emh
The Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) is a financial hypothesis that asserts that asset prices properly represent all relevant and available information. The EMH comes in three varieties: mild, semi-strong, and powerful. According to the Weak Efficient Market Hypothesis, current asset prices reflect all information on past prices.
Weakness in the Efficient Markets Hypothesis. The weak form of the EMH assumes that security prices represent all publicly available market information but may not reflect newly available information. It also implies that previous price, volume, and return information is independent of future pricing. EMH comes in three varieties: mild, semi-strong, and powerful. Weak EMH Form implies that all previous knowledge has been priced into securities. Fundamental research of securities can supply you with information that will allow you to outperform the market in the near run.
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tech solutions is a consulting firm that uses a job-order costing system. its direct materials consist of hardware and software that it purchases and installs on behalf of its clients. the firm’s direct labor includes salaries of consultants that work at the client’s job site, and its overhead consists of costs such as depreciation, utilities, and insurance related to the office headquarters as well as the office supplies that are consumed serving clients.
The predetermined overhead rate is $9 per direct labor hour.
What is a fixed cost?
Fixed costs, sometimes referred to as indirect costs or overhead costs in accounting and economics, are costs incurred by a corporation that are independent of the volume of goods or services the company produces. They frequently occur again and again, like monthly rent or interest payments. These expenses are often capital expenses as well.Costs that are fixed are those that don't change based on volume. Most fixed costs are expenses that depend more on time than on how much your company produces or sells. Rent and leasing charges, salary, energy prices, insurance, and loan repayments are a few examples of fixed costs.Rent and mortgage payments are two examples of fixed expenses. Auto loans. Additional loan paymentsTotal production costs — (Variable cost per unit multiplied by the number of units produced) = Fixed costs.Job cost sheet: The job cost sheet records the details about direct materials cost, direct labor cost, and manufacturing overheads. It shows the total cost of the job work and completion details.
Variable overhead costs: These costs are directly proportional to the level of activity. If there is a change in the activity level by 10%, then there would be a change in the variable cost by 10% in either direction. Variable cost is directly proportional to the volume of the production. Variable cost per unit remains constant.
Fixed overhead costs: These costs do not vary with changes in the level of activity. Fixed cost remains the same for the period. If there is an increase in the activity level, then the fixed cost per unit decreases, and if there is a decrease in the activity level, the fixed cost per unit increases. Fixed cost per unit changes with the change in the activity level.
Pre-determined overhead rate: The rate is calculated based on the activity base. This rate is used to allocate manufacturing overheads.
Calculate the predetermined overhead rate as follows:
Total job cost is calculated by adding the all cost incurred for the completion of the job i.e. direct materials cost, direct labor cost, and overheads cost.
Variable overhead rate is $0.50 per direct lathe bor hour, total estimated fixed overhead is $680,000, and the estimated direct labor hour is 80,000.
Determine the predetermined overhead rate as follows: -
Therefore, the predetermined overhead rate is $9 per direct labor hour.
The variable overhead rate and fixed overhead have been added together to find the predetermined overhead rate as $9 per direct labor hour. The predetermined overhead rate is the sum of the variable overhead rate and fixed overhead. Fixed overhead per direct labor hour has been found out by dividing the total estimated fixed overhead by the estimated direct labor hour.
With the given information in the question, determine the total job cost.
Variable overhead rate is $0.50 per direct labor hour, total actual fixed overhead is $692,000, and the estimated direct labor hour is 83,000.
Determine the total job cost as follows: -
Therefore, the total job cost is $61,520.
The total job cost has been found out by adding the direct materials cost, direct labor cost, and the overheads cost. The overheads cost has been allocated based on the estimated overhead expenses.
The predetermined overhead rate is $9 per direct labor hour.
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most closings involve the division of financial responsibility between the buyer and the seller for such items as taxes, rents, and other items. these divisions are called
Most closings involve the division of financial responsibility between the buyer and the seller for such items as taxes, rents, and other items. These divisions are called prorations.
What is Proration?
A form of corporate action called proration occurs when a corporation divides its initial cash and stock offer in accordance to shareholder preferences. It may occur during an event like an acquisition.
Proration describes activities when a business divides its initial cash and stock offer to satisfy investor preferences. It happens when the offers that shareholders make during a specific corporate action cannot be satisfied with the available cash or shares. Mergers and acquisitions, stock splits, and special dividends are a few examples of situations when proration may take place.
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ehrmann data systems is considering a project that has the following cash flow and wacc data. what is the project's mirr? note that a project's projected mirr can be less than the wacc (and even negative), in which case it will be rejected. wacc: 9.75% year 0 1 2 3 cash flows -$1,000 $450 $450 $450 a. 14.11% b. 15.81% c. 17.22% d. 15.52% e. 10.72%
A performance materiality is a qualitative materiality is an amount set by the auditor that is less than planning the materiality and is used to make decisions about the extent of audit procedures for a particular class of transaction.
What is performance materiality?In the context of trading and investments, a security's price movement over a certain time frame is deemed to have moved by a significant amount if it confirms or deviates from a trader's initial assessment of the security's performance.
Any number or statistic that is important enough to mention, such as in account balances, financial statements, shareholder reports, or conference calls, is referred to as a material amount. Mentioning something that is not a material amount is regarded as minor or inconsequential.
The material amount is the minimum amount that must change in a security to confirm or deny a market perception or trading hypothesis.
Predicting the material amount for a specific strategy can be essential for a trading system to be successful.
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Suppose pens cost $2. what is the price elasticity of demand? give your answer to two decimals.
0.38 is the price elasticity of demand.
Q = D(p) = 44 - 6p
At p= 2, Q = 44-6(2) = 32
Price elasticity of demand= (dQ/dp)*(p/Q) = (-6)*(2/32) = 0.38.
Elasticity is the ability of a deformed object to return to its original shape and size when the force that caused the deformation is removed. Bodies with this ability are said to behave (or react) elastically.
Elasticity is the ability of an object or material to return to its normal shape after being stretched or compressed. Example: Rubber is elastic, so if you stretch it for a long time, it will return to its original shape.
Elasticity is a general measure of how one economic variable responds to changes in another economic variable. The three main forms of elasticity are the price elasticity of demand, the cross-price elasticity of demand, and the income elasticity of demand.
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On june 1, 2022, harry's dog grooming received $800 cash for services rendered. the entry to record this transaction will include?
The entry to record this transaction will include: a debit to Cash.
Which accounts are affected when cash is received for services?
When a firm performed services for clients and cash is also received, it means that the revenue of the company has increased so also its cash balance because the receipt of $800 would increase cash balance by the same amount.
In other words, the service revenue account for revenue recognition would be credited because an increase in income or revenue has a normal credit entry whereas the cash account would be debited as the corresponding debit entry for the service revenue
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Full question with options:
On June 1, 2022, Harry's Dog Grooming received $800 cash for services rendered. The entry to record this transaction will include
A
a credit to Accounts Payable.
B
a debit to Service Revenue.
C
a credit to Accounts Receivable.
D
a debit to Cash.
a common cognitive bias is , which is when decision makers continue to support and invest in a project, even after receiving feedback indicating that it is likely to fail.
A common cognitive bias is escalating commitment, which is when decision makers continue to support and invest in a project, even after receiving feedback indicating that it is likely to fail.
What is cognitive bias?A cognitive bias can be described as the systematic pattern of deviation which could be a deviation from the norm or rationality in judgment.
It should be noted that Individuals do create their own "subjective reality which do comes from the way they see things, hence common cognitive bias is escalating commitment, which is when decision makers continue to support and invest in a project, even after receiving feedback indicating that it is likely to fail.
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Which of these is the best example of an asset?
the electricity in a home
the antique diamond necklace someone is wearing
the coffee someone drank this morning
an old, used airline ticket
Answer:
Antique diamond someone is wearing
Explanation:
Electrity is an expense it runs out and you have to keep paying in order to use it...the same goes for coffee.
But the used airline ticket has no value anymore as its been used up. So the antique diamond is an asset as it carries value and you don't have to pay to wear it...you can also exchange it for cash proving that it does have value
dave ryan is the ceo of ryan's arcade. at the end of its accounting period, december 31, ryan's arcade has assets of $645,350 and liabilities of $251,280. using the accounting equation, determine the following amounts:
Statement showing Computations
Particulars Amount
Assets $645,350
Liabilities $251,280
Stockholders Equity = Assets - Liabilities
Stockholders Equity = $645,350 - $251,280 $394,070
Stockholders' equity refers to the belongings closing in a commercial enterprise once all liabilities were settled. This figure is calculated by subtracting overall liabilities from overall property; rather, it is able to be calculated with the aid of taking the sum of proportion capital and retained earnings, less treasury inventory.
What's Stockholders equity example?
Fairness is anything invested within the enterprise by its proprietor or the sum of the entire belongings minus the sum of the corporation's general liabilities. E.g., not unusual inventory, additional paid-in capital, preferred stock, retained income, and the accumulated different complete income.
What's Stockholders equity at the balance sheet?
Key Takeaways. Stockholders equity is the proprietor's declare after subtracting general liabilities from overall property. You can calculate shareholder equity by means of including collectively all belongings and all liabilities from a employer's balance sheet.
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weald co. took advantage of market conditions to refund debt. this was the fifth refunding operation carried out by weald within the last four years. the excess of the carrying amount of the old debt over the amount paid to extinguish it should be reported as a(an)
The correct answer is both options are suitable. By increasing current liabilities, this transaction lowers the current ratio. Current liabilities divided by current assets is the current ratio. Current assets are unaffected.
Long-term refinancing of current debt raises the current ratio and decreases current liabilities while increasing noncurrent debt. Appropriating retained earnings often portends a temporary decline in dividend payments in the future. Total retained earnings are thus kept at a greater level.
This transaction boosts OE by the same amount that total liabilities are reduced. The ratio's denominator increases while the numerator decreases. The ratio falls below the maximum as a result of both circumstances.
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Mutual funds are marketed __________ by fund underwriters and ___________ by brokers. multiple choice question. indirectly, indirectly directly, directly directly, indirectly indirectly, directly
Mutual funds are marketed directly, by fund underwriters and indirectly by brokers.
What is a broker?
A broker acts as a middleman between those looking to invest and trade and the exchange where those transactions are carried out. Because stock markets require licenses for persons who conduct trades on the exchange, you need a broker. A broker is someone who purchases and sells something on behalf of other people. A broker is someone you engage to purchase stock on the stock exchange for you.
Therefore,
Mutual funds are marketed directly, by fund underwriters and indirectly by brokers.
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while considering starting a small business, roy is curious about the role and opportunities available for small businesses in the global economy and marketplace. he sets up a conference call with an experienced small business owner to learn more. what does roy’s colleague likely share with him?
Roy's colleague, an experienced small business owner, will likely share information about a) Entrepreneurship.
What is entrepreneurship?Entrepreneurship is the practice of setting up new business enterprises with the hope to make profits.
Entrepreneurship is also the innovative approach to seeing human problems as opportunities to be exploited for profits, notwithstanding the business and financial risks involved.
Who is an entrepreneur?An entrepreneur is a business person who creates a new business and bears the risks and rewards of ownership.
Thus, Roy is likely sharing with his experienced small business owner information about entrepreneurship, especially in the global market.
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Question Completion with Answer Options:a) Entrepreneurship
b) Business
c) Enterprise
d) Capital
in a laissez-faire economy, what gets produced, how it is produced, and who gets it. group of answer choices the behavior of buyers and sellers determines the central government authority determines firms but not consumers determine consumers but not firms determine
The correct answer is A. In a Laissez-faire economy, the performance or behavior of the sellers and buyers will determine what is supposed to get produced, how it should be produced, and who would get it.
The laissez-faire economic philosophy, which dates back to the 18th century, is opposed to any forms of governmental involvement in business matters. Laissez-faire, a French concept that translates to "leave enough" in English, is based on the idea that society will profit from businesses running with less government involvement. The idea that economic competition is an aspect of the "natural order" that rules the world is one of the fundamental principles of laissez-faire economics. Laissez-faire economists argue that since this natural self-regulation is the optimum form of regulation, government intervention in industrial and commercial affairs is unnecessary.
In a Laissez-faire economy, __________ what gets produced, how it is produced, and who gets it.
A. The behavior of buyers and sellers determines
B. The central government authority determines
C. Firms but not consumers determine
D. Consumers but not firms determine
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As a tech, the last step of every troubleshooting job should be to document your findings, _______________, and _______________.
As a tech, the last step of every troubleshooting job should be to document your findings, actions and outcomes. Troubleshooting is a type of problem solving that is frequently used to repair broken items or processes on a machine or system. It is a logical, systematic search for the source of an issue in order to solve it and re-establish the product or process.
Eliminating potential sources of an issue is the process of determining the most likely cause. Finally, troubleshooting necessitates validation that the remedy restores the product or process to a functional state. In general actions troubleshooting is the identification or diagnosis of "trouble" in a system's management flow caused by some form of malfunction.
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which of the following is not typically a way in which businesses address ethical issues? a credo regulations a professional code of ethics corporate culture
The code of conduct does not include the code of management.
What are the five ethics codes?
Integrity.Objectivity.proficiency in the field.Confidentiality.professional conduct.The Golden Rule is a typical example of ethical behavior in society: "Do unto others as you would have them do unto you." Other examples include: Respect - Citizens must respect another's property, choices, and lifestyles. Loyalty: People prioritize the demands of their friends and family over their own.
Rules for appropriate behavior in the workplace are outlined in a code of ethics and professional conduct, which is typically based on a company's basic beliefs. It provides guidelines for handling harassment, safety, and other issues, and it instructs employees on how they should act.
A business's code of ethics is typically more comprehensive than its code of conduct, which outlines how employees should behave in particular circumstances. However, a code of ethics and professional conduct is frequently contained in a single unified document.
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damian enters into a contract to sell his home to lori, who puts down a $5,500 earnest money deposit. at the last minute, lori backs out of the deal. damian keeps the earnest money deposit. of what is this an example?
The earnest money deposit is made before to closing on a home to demonstrate your commitment to purchasing it. It is also known as a good faith deposit. When a buyer and a seller agree to a purchase contract, the seller pulls their home off the market while the deal is being finalised.
The earnest money insures the seller in case the buyer abruptly withdraws from the transaction. Typically between one and three percent of the sale price is required, and it is kept in escrow until the deal is finalised. Your market's customs define the precise amount. The earnest money will, if everything goes according to plan, be applied to the buyer's deposit or closing costs.
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jessie went to the store to buy cosmetics. at the cosmetics counter, she reviewed several different colors and brands, but before making her final selection, she researched each product to ensure that the companies had not used animal testing in the manufacturing process. which of the following best describes jessie's purchasing decision?
The focus paid by the company selling a product to the issue of verifying that the procedures used in manufacturing it are morally (socially) upright has an influence on the purchase decisions of some clients.
What does Cosmetics mean? What does Product mean?
The word "cosmetic" is related to appearance and beauty. Similarly to heart surgery, cosmetic surgery improves one's appearance but is not medically required. A building's look is the only thing that is changed by cosmetic changes. Cosmetic is usually equivalent with decorative or ornamental.
The thing being sold is called a "product." An item or service can be considered a product. Physical, virtual, or internet forms are all possible. Every good has a price since it costs money to make it. The market, quality, marketing, and targeted market group all influence the cost that can be paid.
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According to von neumann and morgenstern’s utility index, decisions are made to maximize… expected utility expected monetary value expected marginal loss.
According to von Neumann and Morgenstern's utility index, decisions are made to maximize Utility Measures and Utility Function expected utility expected monetary value expected marginal loss.
Von Neumann–Morgenstern utility function, an extension of the idea of consumer preferences that comes with a theory of behavior toward risk variance. It was put forth by John Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern in Theory of Games and Economic Behavior (1944) and arises from the expected utility hypothesis.
To maximize expected utility implies that the individual chooses the choice that yields the very best average utility, where average utility may be a probability-weighted sum of all utilities. This theory requires that the patron knows the probability of each outcome.
Expected utility, in decision theory, the mean of an action to an agent, calculated by multiplying the worth to the agent of every possible outcome of the action by the probability of that outcome occurring then summing those numbers.
The fundamental theorem of John von Neumann's scientific theory states that during a broad category of games it's always possible to search out an equilibrium from which neither player should deviate unilaterally. Utility function measures the preferences consumers apply to their consumption of products and services.
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when property rights are well defined and competitive firms freely enter and exit markets, market prices will tend to direct producers toward production of goods and services that consumers value more highly than the resources required for their production." explain why you either agree or disagree with this statement.
Two fundamental economic theories are combined in the law of supply and demand to explain how changes in the price of a resource, good, or service impact its supply and demand.
Supply and demand may not always react to price changes proportionately. Price elasticity refers to how much a product's supply or demand will change as a result of price fluctuations.
Demand fluctuations based on price will be more pronounced for products with a high price elasticity of demand. People cannot readily live without fundamental requirements, hence their prices will be relatively inelastic, meaning that demand will fluctuate less in response to price fluctuations.
Market prices have a tendency to push producers toward creating goods and services that consumers value more highly than the resources needed to generate them when property rights are clearly established and businesses can easily enter and exit marketplaces.
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