The efficiency of the engine through the four steps cycle is 83.4%.
What is the efficiency of a machine?The efficiency of a machine is the ratio of useful work done by the machine and the work done on the machine expressed as a percentage.
The efficiency of the engine is given by:
[tex]ɛ=\frac {W} {Q}[/tex]
where;
W is the work done in the four steps,Q is the energy inputSince there at four steps in a cycle:
[tex]ɛ=\frac {W_1+ W_2+W_3+W_4} {Q_1+Q_2+Q_3+Q_4}[/tex]
The work done in the first step (isothermal expansion) is given by:
[tex]W_1=nRT_1\ln{\frac {V_2} { V_1}}[/tex]
where:
n= 1 mole, T1 = 402 K, V2 = 41.2 L, V1 = 18.5 L
Substituting the values:
[tex]W_1 = 1 × 8.314 × 402 \times ln{\frac {41.2} {18.5}} = 2676.01 J \\ [/tex]
Steps 2 and 4 are constant volume processes, therefore;
[tex]W_2=W_4=0[/tex]
The work done in the third step (isothermal expansion) is given by:
[tex]W_3=nRT_3\ln{\frac {V_4} { V_3}} [/tex]
where;
n = 1 mol, T3 = 273 K, V4 = 41.2 L, V3 = 18.5 L
Substituting the values:
[tex]W_3 = 1 × 8.314 × 273 \times ln{\frac {41.2} {18.5}} = 1817.29 J \\ [/tex]
[tex]W_3 = 1 × 8.314 × 273 \times ln{\frac {41.2} {18.5}} = 1817.29 J \\ [/tex]Heat enters the system only during steps (1) and (4).
The internal energy of the gas increases in step 4 but no work is done, while the internal energy is constant change in step 1 but work is done by the gas.
Thus;
[tex]Q_2=Q_3=0[/tex]
The heat that enters the system during the isothermal expansion is given by:
[tex]Q_1=W_1[/tex]
The heat that enters the system on step 4 at constant volume is given by:
[tex]Q_4=C_V(T_4-T_3)[/tex]
where:
Cv =21 J/K, T3 = 273 K, T4 = 402 K
Substituting the values:
[tex]Q_4= 21 × (402 - 273) = 2709 \: J[/tex]
Solving for efficiency, ɛ:
[tex]ɛ=\frac {2676.01+ 0+0+1817.29} {2676.01+0+0+2709} = 83.4\%[/tex]
Therefore, the efficiency of the engine is 83.4%.
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7. A rocket has a weight of 30,000 N on earth. a) What is the mass of the rocket in outer space? Use appropriate calculations and arguments to support your answer.
b) Calculate the weight of the rocket on planet X (g=7.5 N/Kg)
c) What is the weight of the rocket in outer space? Provide reasons to support your answer
Explanation:
a) mass=3000kg
b) weight on planet x=3000 × 7.5
=22,500N
c) Weight in outer space will be equal to zero
since the gravity in outer space is negligible
An inductor produces a back emf in a dc series rl circuit when a switch connecting the battery to the circuit is closed. We can explain this by.
Hi there!
Let's say that a series RL circuit is constructed, with the switch left open.
When the switch is closed, a current will start flowing in the circuit. The INCREASING current will go through the loops of the inductor, producing an INCREASING magnetic field and consequentially a magnetic flux through the inductor. (Use hand rules).
However, the inductor does NOT want to experience this increasing magnetic flux, so an emf in the OPPOSITE direction of the current will be produced to counteract the increasing flux. (The flux would also be in the opposite direction).
This is expressed with the equation:
[tex]\epsilon = -L \frac{di}{dt}[/tex]
ε = Back emf (V)
L = Inductance (H)
i = Current (A)
t = time (s)
With the negative sign, we can see that if the current of the circuit is INCREASING, the emf produced would be in the opposite direction.
Answer 1-10 for branly all steps
The acceleration, a of the bodies given is the change in velocity with time and is given as follows:
a = 1.2 m/sa = 25 km/hra = 35.3 cm/mina = 7.125 km/mina = 1.69 m/sa = 108.1 m/hra = -1.0 cm/sa = 7.89 km/hra = 1.17 ft/sa = 3.13 km/hrWhat is acceleration?Acceleration is the rate of changeof velocity of an object with time.
Acceleration, a = change in velocity/time takenFor the given questions, the acceleration are as follow:
a = (40 - 10)/25 = 1.2 m/sa = (75 - 30)/1.8 = 25 km/hra = (90 - 60)/0.85 = 35.3 cm/mina = (77 - 20)/8 = 7.125 km/mina = (37 - 15)/13 = 1.69 m/sa = (40 - 0)/0.37 = 108.1 m/hra = (13 - 25)/12 = -1.0 cm/sa = (48 - 18)/3.8 = 7.89 km/hra = (52 - 38)/12 = 1.17 ft/sa = (43 - 17)/8.3 = 3.13 km/hrTherefore, the acceleration of a body is either positive or negative.
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please answer this small qustion of what happens whan oil is in the ochen
Answer:
When oil is spilled in the sea it will normally break up and be dissipated or scattered into the marine environment over time. This dissipation is a result of a number of chemical and physical processes that change the compounds that make up oil when it is spilled. The processes are collectively known as weathering.
Hope This It What You Wanted :)
An astronaut floating alone in outer space throws a baseball. If the ball moves away at 20 m/s, the astronaut will:.
Answer:
Move the opposite direction ( at a lesser magnitude of velocity)
Explanation:
How much work do you do on a 25- kg backpack when you walk a horizontal distance of 100m ?
Answer:
2,500
Explanation:
You are taking measurements of sound waves. Every ¼ second, the sound waves pass your detector. What is the wave’s frequency and what is the wave’s period? (Use correct units)
Answer:
hope this helps, you can ask any questions for clarification
A force of 20 N is applied tangentially to a wheel of mass 10 kg and diameter 5 m. Calculate the torque applied and angular velocity at the end of 10 second?
Answer:
N = 2010 + 10 + -5 = 20N + -5 = 10 -5 + 20Therefore , the answer is N=20Explanation:
#BrainliestBunchHow do you boost the amount of electricity a fuel cell system produces?.
The amount of electricity a fuel cell system produces is boost by combined to form a fuel cell that is battery.
What is battery?A battery is a device that uses an electrochemical oxidation-reduction (redox) cycle to turn the chemical energy included in its active components directly into electric energy. An electric circuit is used in this kind of reaction to transmit electrons from one substance to another.
The actual elector-chemical unit used to produce or store electric
For this one it should be A single fuel cell generates approximately one volt of electricity. Individual fuel cells are combined to form a fuel cell stack to enhance the amount of electricity produced.
The amount of electricity a fuel cell system produces is boost by combined to form a fuel cell that is battery.
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For pea plants, T represents a dominant allele for tall pea plants and t is the recessive allele for short pea plants. If two plants with the Tt genotype are crossed, what is the probability that offspring will exhibit the dominant trait?
Answer:
75%(TT,Tt,tt) Hope that helps
A step-up transformer increases the voltage 20 timesIf the voltage of the primary coil is 100V_{i} what is the voltage of the secondary coll? Answer only a number without units or commas
Answer:
2000
Explanation:
well it is just 20 * 100 = 2000 v
Magnetism is due to the movement of ______.
Answer:
electrons
Explanation:
Brainliest
[tex]\qquad\qquad\huge\underline{{\sf Answer}}♨[/tex]
Magnetism is due to the movement of charge
Both magnetic fields are caused due to attraction and repulsion of charges, where electric fields is caused by stationary charges, while magnetic fields are caused by moving charges
Which of the following is an example if harmonic motion?
Answer:
"A pendulum swinging back and forth" is an example of harmonic motion
X = Xo cos ω t
Explains the back and forth motion of the pendulum
if a Bob at rest explodes into two pieces? explain
Answer:
the pieces must travel in opposite directions.
Explanation:
If a bomb at rest explodes into two pieces, the pieces must travel in opposite directions. Explain A bomb at rest explodes into two pieces. Let the mass of bomb be M and mass of two pieces be m1 respectively. Now, according to conservation of momentum: are velocities of two masses after explosion.
o
0
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
o
H
CI
icle
H
TIGER
1. What is the name of the process taking place in the diagram? Describe the process.
sents a
у
2. What is an ion?
Charged particle that has greater or fewer electrons than protons.
3. What is the solute in the diagram? Is the solute an electrolyte or a nonelectrolyte?
am
of three...
4. Will the solution conduct electricity? Explain.
Answer:
1) Ionization takes place as the Hydrochloric acid, a strong acid, ionizes completely in water to form the hydronium and chlorine (Cl−) ions
3) Water -- non electrolyte
4) it can conduct electricity because it forms ions
I hope my answer helps you.
A sample of helium behaves as an ideal gas as it is heated at constant pressure from 273 K to 388 K. If 80 J of work is done by the gas during this process, what is the mass of the helium sample? The universal gas constant is 8.31451 J/mol · K. Answer in units of g
The mass of the helium gas sample after the work is done by the gas during the process is 0.099 g.
Number of moles of the helium gasThe number of moles of the helium gas is calculated as follows;
W = nRT
where;
n is the number of molesW is the work doneR is universal gas constant = 8.31451 J/mol · KT is the final temperature = 388 K273 K = 0⁰C and 388 K = 115⁰ C
from 0⁰C to 115⁰C = 115 - 0 = 115⁰ C
115⁰ C = 388 K
The number of moles is calculated as follows;
n = W/RT
[tex]n = \frac{80}{8.315 \times 388} \\\\n = 0.0248 \ mol[/tex].
Mass of the helium sampleMass of the helium sample is calculated as follows;
m = Mn
where;
M is the molar mass of helium gas = 4 g/molm = 4 g/mol x 0.0248 mol
m = 0.099 g
Thus, the mass of the helium gas sample after the work is done by the gas during the process is 0.099 g.
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How did the development of electrical signals sent through wires change communication?
A. The electrical signals were more accurate than optical semaphore signals.
B. Signals were amplified with distance.
C. Signals could be sent anywhere a wire could reach and no longer were restricted to line of sight.
D. Signals no longer attenuated with distance.
A
Explanation:
The electrical signals were more accurate than optical semaphore signals.
The development of electrical signals sent through wires change communication as signals could be sent anywhere a wire could reach and no longer were restricted to line of sight.
What is wire communication?Wired communication refers to the transmission of data over a wire-based communication technology.
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Do you think there could be another period of time when so many brilliant discoveries are made in such a span of time? Why or Why not?
There won't be another period where many brilliant discoveries are made in such a span of time because of the high degree of advancement already.
What is Technology?Tgis is defined as the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes.
We have advanced technological advancement which is why there won't be many discoveries in such time span.
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Systems in the body interact to carry out life functions. The muscles of the body are part of the musculoskeletal system. Which system provides the impulses that cause the muscles to contract?
A.
circulatory
B.
integumentary
C.
respiratory
D.
nervous
I. Briefly answer the following questions.
1. Do renewable energy sources have little or no impact compared to
non- renewable resources? Why?
2. Discuss two human activities that endanger renewable resources.
Question 3 of 20
A crate falling from a plane is part of a closed system that has 24450 J of
mechanical energy. If the kinetic energy of the crate increases from 10,000 J
to 15,000 J, what happens to the gravitational potential energy of the system?
A. It decreases from 15,000 J to
10,000 J.
B. It increases from 9450 J to
14,450 J.
C. It decreases from 14,450 J to
9,450 J.
O D. It increases from 10,000 J to
15,000 J.
Old potential energy:-
PE+KE=MEPE=ME-KEPE=24450-10000PE=14450JNew potential energy
PE=24450-15000PE=9450JOption B is correct
Which condition is necessary for a lunar eclipse to occur?.
For a lunar eclipse to occur, the Sun, Earth, and Moon must be roughly aligned in a line. Otherwise, the Earth cannot cast a shadow on the Moon's surface and an eclipse cannot take place. When the Sun, Earth, and Moon come together in a straight line, a total lunar eclipse takes
Which is a situation where two hockey pucks could have equal but opposite momentums? Assume that the ice is a frictionless surface.
A. if the hockey pucks weigh the same.
B. if the hockey pucks exert the same force on each other in the same direction while traveling at the same speed.
C. if the hockey pucks are traveling at the same speed, bounce off each other, and move in the opposite direction.
D. if the hockey pucks have the same mass.
A monochromatic light passes through a narrow slit and forms a diffraction pattern on a screen behind the slit. As the slit width increases, the diffraction pattern:.
As the slit width increases, the diffraction pattern gets narrower and vice versa.
Relationship between width and diffraction patternThe increase in silt width leads to the narrowing of diffraction pattern of the light because the increase of width reduces the space for the passing of light wave.
So we can conclude that as the slit width increases, the diffraction pattern gets narrower and vice versa.
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The main difference between a radio wave and a light wave is its:.
Answer:
Speed.
Their speeds are different; Have you ever heard the metaphor the speed of light? For this case, we must turn that into a reality. So, people refer to light speed as the fastest travelling thing in the world, and that is right, unless there is a thing faster than light that was never classified. Unlikely the case. The speed of sound through air travels a lot slower than light. Look at the diagrams below to see what I mean by that.
• • •
As shown in the diagrams, sound speed is WAY slower than light speed!
Superkid, finally fed up with Superbully's obnoxious behaviour, hurls a 1.35 kg stone at him at 0.501 of the speed of light. How much kinetic energy do Superkid's super arm muscles give the stone
Answer:
See below
Explanation:
A lot !
KE = 1/2 m v^2
= 1/2 * 1.35 * ( .501 * 3 * 10^8)^2 =
1.5248 x 10^16 j
kinetic energy do Superkid's super arm muscles give the stone is 62.6 × 10⁶ J.
What is kinetic energy ?Kinetic energy is the energy associated with a motion of a body. When a body is in motion having mass m then it has kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is denoted by K or T. it is expressed in joules. Kinetic energy is given by,
K = 1/2 mv²
Hence an object having zero mass or zero velocity have zero kinetic energy.
In this problem the stone is moving with velocity which is comparable with the speed of light, hence we have to find relativistic kinetic energy.
The relativistic kinetic energy is given by,
[tex]K = m_{0} c^2(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-\frac{v^2}{c^2}} } -1)[/tex]
putting all the values in the equation
[tex]K = 1.35*3*10^8(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-\frac{(0.5c)^2}{c^2} } }-1 )[/tex]
K = 62.6 × 10⁶ J
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Question 4
20 pts
A student connects a length of unknown
material in series with a battery and an
ammeter (which measures current flow).
When the circuit is complete, the ammeter
reads that no current is flowing.
The unknown material is most likely –
Insulator
Semiconductor
Superconductor
Conductor
If current did not flow in the circuit, it simply implies that the material is an insulator.
What is an insulator?An insulator is a material that does not conduct electricity. A circuit is a path that is provided for the flow of current.
If this material was connected into a complete circuit yet current did not flow in the circuit, it simply implies that the material is an insulator.
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There are ___ particles that make up an atom which are the smallest unit of an ___.
Answer:
subatomic, element
Explanation:
Subatomic particles are protons, neutrons, and electrons. Atoms are the smallest unit of an element.
You push a 25.0kg wooden box across a wooden floor at a constant speed of 1.0m/s . the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20 . how large is the force that you exert on the box?
For a 25.0kg wooden box across a wooden floor at a constant speed of 1.0m/s, The force is mathematically given as
F=49N
What is the force that you exert on the box?Generally, the equation for the Force is mathematically given as
F=uN
Therefore
F=25*9.8*0.20
F=49N
In conclusion, the force is
F=49N
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What is simple harmonic oscillation? express your answer verbally, mathematically, and visually.
Simple harmonic motion is the motion in objects where the restoring for d is directly proportional to the body displacement.
What is simple harmonic motion?Simple harmonic motion a type of periodic motion where the force that restores moving object to it's right position is directly proportional to the magnitude of body's displacement and this normally acts towards the object's equilibrium position.
The formulate for simple harmonic motion are
,F = −kx, where F is the force, x is the displacement, and k is a constanst. An example of a simple harmonic oscillator is the vibration of a mass attached to a vertical spring.
Simple harmonic oscillator can be represented by the equation x ( t ) = A cos ( 2 π f t ) x(t) = A\cos(2\pi f t) x(t)=Acos(2πft)x,
where t is period.
x is displacement
A is amplitude.
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