Unconditioned stimulus; a loud noise.
What is Unconditioned stimulus?An unconditioned stimulus is a stimulus that takes to an automatic response.In Pavlov's experiment, food was used as the unconditioned stimulus. An unconditioned response is referred to an automatic response to a stimulus. In Pavlov's experiments, salivation is an essential response for dogs to seek food. In classical conditioning, an unconditioned response is an unlearned response that occurs naturally in response to an unconditioned stimulus. For example, if the smell of food is an unconditioned stimulus, feeling hungry in response to the smell of food is an unconditioned response. Using the terminology of the classical conditioning paradigm, a conditioning stimulus (CS) is a learning stimulus that can ultimately elicit a conditioned response. For example, in Pavlov's experiment, the sound of a bell is a conditioned stimulus, and the dog's salivation is a conditioned response.To learn more about unconditioned stimulus from the given link :
https://brainly.com/question/15096987
#SPJ4
ChavÃn temples are remarkable for what feat of engineering? the arch the dome stained glass complex drainage
Option (d) is the best choice. The Chavan people built a functional drainage system with canals beneath the temple building.
What marvel of engineering makes the Chavn temples noteworthy?The Chavan people built a sophisticated drainage system beneath the temple's structure to prevent floods and the temple's destruction during the rainy season; the rushing water during this time is said to resemble the jaguar, one of the Chavan people's sacred animals.
What did the Chavn accomplish that was significant?The Chavan culture was able to adapt to the highland regions of Peru. The Chavan de Huántar temple, which included a highly advanced drainage system, serves as the best illustration of their most inventive accomplishments. The Chavan people raised tamed camels like llamas.
Learn more about Chavan de Huántar temple: https://brainly.com/question/11283753
#SPJ4
in a cohort study, the advantage of starting by selecting a defined population for study before any of its members become exposed, rather than starting by selecting exposed and unexposed individuals, is that:
in a cohort study, the advantage of starting by selecting a defined population for study before any of its members become exposed, rather than starting by selecting exposed and unexposed individuals, is that A number of exposures can be studied simultaneously.
What are the benefits of a partner study?
A significant benefit of the partner concentrate on plan is the capacity to concentrate on various results that can be related with a solitary openness or numerous openings in a solitary report. Indeed, even the joined impact of numerous openings on the result not entirely settled. Companion concentrates on plans likewise take into consideration the investigation of interesting openings.
What is the reason for a companion study?
A partner concentrate on recognizes a gathering and follows them throughout some undefined time frame. The point is to take a gander at how a gathering are presented to various endanger factors which might influence their lives. Companion studies can take a gander at various parts of individuals' lives, including their wellbeing or potentially friendly elements.
Learn more about cohort here:
https://brainly.com/question/12158933
#SPJ4
After a day of interviews for a new position your work is hiring for, you overhear your employer say that mark is a less risky hire than stephen. You know both of these individuals are well-qualified for the position, and they each would be outstanding co-workers. You hear a rumor that the reason that stephen wasn’t hired was due to the darker color of his skin than that of mark. What is this an example of?.
The rumor that the reason that Stephen wasn’t hired was due to the darker color of his skin than that of Mark is an example of colorism.
In the field of social studies, we can describe colorism as a kind of discrimination that is made on the basis of color.
Colorism is observed in may parts of the world as we can easily find white people being favored against the dark ones in most of societies and workplaces.
In the scenario mentioned above, Mark is being favored and hired for the new position on the basis of his skin color. As Stephen and Mark are equally capable but Mark is given the job because his complexion is white, hence this is an example of colorism.
Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:
After a day of interviews for a new position your work is hiring for, you overhear your employer say that Mark is a less risky hire than Stephen. You know both of these individuals are well-qualified for the position, and they each would be outstanding co-workers. You hear a rumor that the reason that Stephen wasn’t hired was due to the darker color of his skin than that of Mark. What is this an example of?
-colorism
-colorblind theory
-ethical theory
-none of the above
To learn more about skin, click here:
https://brainly.com/question/28413872
#SPJ4
What is 1 way to make the operational definition, "on a cold day", better? "On a cold day, determine what happens to a can of soda left outside."
If can of soda left outside in cold the soda freezes, it expands and can explode leaving a sticky mess.
So, if you have a can of soda, or other water-based liquid left outside in cold it can explode, leaving you a sticky mess. Water and diet soda freeze at 32 degrees Fahrenheit.
What happens to the cans of soda in the cold wave?
Since water expands when cooled, the liquid in a can of soda pop will expand when firmed . Soda cans are made to hold a specific volume of liquid. When placed in the freezer, the water in the soda cans expands inside the can, and the volume becomes lesser than what the soda cans was designed to hold.
What happens to soda when left out open?As like, "when a can of soda has sat around open a long time, the carbon dioxide dissolved inside it starts to bubbles out — it might want to come into equilibrium with the carbon dioxide in the outside air," Once Jones said. "When the soda is less fizzy, we called it flat."
Learn more about cans of soda :
brainly.com/question/1571743
#SPJ13
according to the text, being forced to hand over lunch money, being laughed at and insulted, or being forced to drink milk mixed with dirt would be categorized as:
According to the text, being forced to hand over lunch money, being laughed at and insulted, or being forced to drink milk mixed with dirt would be categorized as being bullied.
What is the goal of the bullying study?
Bullying is when someone repeatedly mistreats you, insults you, or causes you other harm. Bullying is not only cruel and generally quite bothersome, but it is also occasionally against the law. Any ongoing torture is referred to as Bullying. In schools, bullying is a common name for harassment. Knowing more about bullying can help you spot kids who require assistance, whether they are committing it or being tormented. You can avert negative results in the short and long terms by acting.To learn more about Bullying, follow the link https://brainly.com/question/13652741
#SPJ4
How do the authors support the overall claim that sugar production and trade had an impact on world history? check all that apply.
The authors support the overall claim that sugar production and trade had an impact on world history:
3. By comparing the use of indentured servitude to the practice of slavery.
5. By illustrating how science advanced the production of sweet substances.
6. By discussing the teaching of John Smith and his impact on British society.
7. By demonstrating how the treatment of Indian workers led to Gandhi's Satyagraha.
The study of world history is a complex and ever-changing field of study. There is no one definitive history of the world, but rather a tapestry of stories and perspectives from different cultures and time periods.
Sugar production was first documented in India, where it was known as "the honey crop." From India, sugar spread to China and the Middle East, where it quickly became a coveted commodity.
Hence, the correct options are 3,5,6 and 7.
The question is incomplete, the complete question is:
How do the authors support the overall claim that sugar production and trade had an impact on world history?
Check all that apply.
1. by documenting how sugar is used very little in modern diets
2. by explaining how sugar damages health and the environment
3. by comparing the use of indentured servitude to the practice of slavery
4. by painting a positive portrait of sugar plantations in North America
5. by illustrating how science advanced the production of sweet substances
6. by discussing the teachings of John Smith and his impact on British society
7. by demonstrating how the treatment of Indian workers led to Gandhi’s Satyagraha
To know more about history, click here.
https://brainly.com/question/3583505
#SPJ1
which of the families described above is engaged in the subsistence agriculture
The families engages in subsistence agriculture are the family produces only enough food from its garden to live on.
Subsistence agriculture arise when farmers grow food crops to fulfill the requirement of their and their families on smallholdings.
Subsistence agriculturalists target farm production for endurance and for mostly local needs, with little or no surplus.
Subsistence farming is a type of farming in which nearly all of the crops or livestock raised are used to sustain the farmer and the farmer's family, pull out of little, if any, surplus for sale or business.
Subsistence farming has the benefit of being environment friendly, with locally adapted and resilient species and plants. The disadvantage, however, is low productivity.
Subsistence agriculture make certain self-sufficiency and diminishing of poverty and hunger.
---The question seems to be incomplete, the complete question is given below:-
Ques.: Which of the families engages in subsistence agriculture?
1.The family produces only enough food from its garden to live on. 2.The entire family works for minimum wage on a pineapple plantation. 3.The entire family weaves straw mats and sells them in the local market. 4.The family grows wheat commercially on 6,000 acres of land.
To learn more about subsistence farming refer to the link below
brainly.com/question/28768845
#SPJ1
3) (7.26) Mansa Musa, the monarch of 14th century Mali, is MOST remembered for
A)
defending his African kingdom from
slave traders.
B)
his conversion to Islam and his
pilgrimage to Mecca.
0
8
C)
his expansion of the gold trade into central
and Southern Africa.
D)
lending his massive military forces to the
Arabs during the Crusades.
3
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Mansa Mūsā left a realm notable for its extent and riches—he built the Great Mosque at Timbuktu—but he is best remembered in the Middle East and Europe for the splendour of his pilgrimage to Mecca
which of the following questions would an adolescent who has not reached piaget's stage of formal operations have trouble thinking about?responseswhat if you had been born to different parents?what if you had been born to different parents?how many 2 inch pieces can a 10 inch rope be cut into?how many 2 inch pieces can a 10 inch rope be cut into?what date did columbus arrive in america?what date did columbus arrive in america?what is the definition of isolation?what is the definition of isolation?where is the source of the nile?
An adolescent who has not reached Piaget's stage of formal operations has trouble thinking about option a.) what if you had been born to different parents?
An adolescent who has not reached the stage of formal operations belongs to the stage of the concrete operational stage. It develops around the age of seven.
Adolescents at this stage can easily arrange objects and relate two objects with the help of another object. They can identify categories and subcategories. Adolescents can solve numerical questions. Their calculation ability improves too.
Adolescents at this stage also understand the concept of time and distance. They can calculate the questions of time and distance. Their geographical sense develops as well. They can read maps and tell the countries and places correctly.
They have a developed sense of understanding concepts but not enough to understand the working of human relationships.
Learn more about Piaget's Cognitive Development theory here https://brainly.com/question/20355893
#SPJ4
To distribute something means to __________.
Answer: Give shares of (something); deal out. - Oxford Languages
Besides the official definition, there are several other ways you can define the word 'distribute' using synonyms which can help you understand it better, such as:
Disperse. Pass out. Provide for numerous. Divide into groups.Hope this helps.
A plaintiff alleges the defendant committed a tort by acting negligent which caused monetary damages to the plaintiff. Where would this case be heard?.
A plaintiff alleges the defendant committed a tort by acting negligent which caused monetary damages to the plaintiff. This case would be heard at high court.
Contributory negligence is the legal term for conduct that falls short of the standard of caution that one should use for their own welfare and results in their own harm or loss. A common defence to a negligence claim is the plaintiff's contributory negligence.
A tort is a civil wrong for which a person is legally responsible. A tort is an act or omission that causes harm to another person. When referring to torts, the terms "injury" and "harm" refer to the violation of a person's legal rights, respectively, and the actual loss or pain that person really experiences.
The State's High Court hears all appeals in civil cases from the District Courts. This level also has a large number of subordinate courts that report to the District Courts. There is a court of the Chief Judicial Magistrate and a court of the Civil Judge.
To learn more about a tort, refer
https://brainly.com/question/28866510
#SPJ1
schools are an important agent of socialization. they teach us the main skills, like reading, writing, and basic arithmetic, that we need to be successful members of our society. without stated intent, schools also teach us our society's values and norms. for example, when we line up by gender to enter school, we are taught that gender is really important and spelling bees teach us the cultural importance of competition. these unintended lessons are called
The unintended lessons taught by schools as described in the question are called hidden curriculum.
Hidden curriculum refers to unofficial, unwritten, and usually unintended values, lessons, and perspectives that student learn in school. In other words, they are lessons which are taught informally and unintentionally in schools. The experiences that a student goes through in school without anyone intending it to occur provides these unintended lessons. Hidden curriculum are an unstructured group of implied academic, cultural, and social messages, unexpressed expectations, and unofficial behavior and norms driven from the cultural context in which teaching and learning is positioned. One of example in the question that spelling bees unintentionally teach students the cultural importance of competition represents hidden curriculum.
Learn more about Hidden curriculum:
https://brainly.com/question/28071270
#SPJ4
shared values, beliefs, and practices of an identifiable group of people such as ethnicity and sexuality is the definition of group of answer choices inclusion social capital enculturation diversity culture
Shared values, beliefs, and practices of an identifiable group of people such as ethnicity and sexuality is the definition of diversity.
Ethnicity can be seen as a way of categorizing people based on shared cultural characteristics. This might include shared language, history, religion, customs, and beliefs. Ethnicity is often used to refer to minority groups within a larger society.
There is a complex relationship between ethnicity and sexuality. Sexuality is often used as a way to express one's cultural identity. For example, many queer people use their sexuality as a way to assert their cultural identity and to challenge traditional norms.
Hence, the correct option is "diversity".
To know more about ethnicity, click here.
https://brainly.com/question/11916588
#SPJ4
question which example is a demographic factor? responses gender gap gender gap prayer in schools prayer in schools marital status marital status environmentalism
The demographic factors include age, race, ethnicity, gender, marital status, income, and education.
What is a demographic factor?We know that demographic factors are age, race, ethnicity, gender, marital status, income, education, and employment. Demographic factors are that factors are used to define the characteristics of a person or a population. Some demographic factors which are commonly used are variables such as race, age, income, gender, marital status, and educational achievement, among others.
There are some non-demographic factors are also present which are education level, income, general health status, the severity of illness, and place of residence.
Gender and marital status are an example of demographic factors.
So we can conclude that the non-demographic factors are general health status, educational level, and place of residence.
Learn more about Non-Demographic here: https://brainly.com/question/26264818
#SPJ1
corey teaches his students geometry by first explaining common geometry terms, then explaining geometry proofs, and finally using the terms to construct their own geometry proofs. this breakdown of a complex behavior is known as a. social facilitation. b. the matching law. c. partial reinforcement. d. chaining.
Terms to construct own geometry proofs breakdown of a complex behaviour is known as social facilitation.
Social facilitation is a mental idea connecting with the inclination for the presence of others to work on an individual's presentation on an errand. While this could appear as though a direct definition, it is really an exceptionally mind-boggling idea with numerous subtleties.
Theories on Social Facilitation
We've previously addressed the different speculations of social assistance; however we can survey these again here across the board place.
Initiation Hypothesis
This is the hypothesis proposed by Zajonc, which makes sense of social help as the aftereffect of excitement that is set off by the presence of others (or the apparent assessment of others).
Sharpness Theory
Connected with the Initiation Hypothesis is the Readiness Speculation, which suggests that you become more ready when you have onlookers and consequently perform better.
Assessment Worry Speculation
The Assessment Worry Speculation (or Assessment Approach) sets that the assessment of others matters as opposed to only their simple presence.
Self-Show Hypothesis
Self-Show Hypothesis states that individuals are roused to establish great connections with others and keep a positive mental self-view. All in all, your exhibition will possibly improve when you feel like the crowd is assessing you.
Social Direction Hypothesis
This hypothesis states that individuals with a positive direction to social circumstances will encounter social help, while those with a negative direction will encounter weakness.
Learn more about social facilitation here:
https://brainly.com/question/28083981
#SPJ4
experience-expectant brain growth a. is a result of specific learning experiences that vary widely across cultures. b. usually occurs later than experience-dependent brain growth. c. occurs naturally as caregivers engage babies in enjoyable daily routines. d. provides mastery of skills that depend on extensive training.
The term "experience-expectant" describes how newborns receive the required information from their typical or average environments to help them form the brain connections that will allow them to function in these domains.
Experience-Dependent Brain Development is the phrase used to describe how particular or specific experiences help the brain grow and develop new brain structures. Life experiences have a unique impact on neuronal synapses.
The physical makeup of the brain is altered by experience. Because Francisco is a long-distance runner, it's critical that his breathing and other bodily functions are synchronized.
To learn more about Dependent Brain Development, visit here
https://brainly.com/question/12977028
#SPJ4
I need help with number 2.
PLEASEEE
I’ll give brainlest!!
PLEASE GIVE IT IN A SIMPLE ANSWER. TY:)
imagine a person suffering from memory loss who could not consciously remember the fact that her new neurologist had pinpricked her hand the last time they met. though her memory for events that took place prior to the amnesia is normal, after the amnesia she has experienced difficulty creating new memories. her memory loss is best considered to be an example of
Her memory loss is best considered to be an example of anterograde amnesia.
Amnesia refers to a neurological disease in which the memory of a person is lost. The person forgets facts, information, experiences, and even relations. Many patients can have partial memory loss or complete memory loss in this disease.
Anterograde amnesia refers to amnesia in which new memories and experiences cannot be remembered. The older memories which were made before amnesia can be remembered. However, no new memories can be formed or remembered after the person gets amnesia.
Since the person in question can remember events before amnesia and cannot remember the events after she had amnesia, her memory loss is considered to be anterograde amnesia.
To learn more about anterograde amnesia,
https://brainly.com/question/7416546
https://brainly.com/question/11111254
#SPJ4
a culture is unavoidably shaped and reflected by the language its members speak. this concept is high-context culture. low-context culture. cognitive determinism. linguistic relativity.
A culture is unavoidably shaped and reflected by the language its members speak. This concept is linguistic relativity.
In the field of sociology, linguistic relativity can be described as a concept that states that the thoughts of a person are based on the language they speak, and these thoughts help a person to perceive the reality they believe in.
Linguistic relativity is a phenomenon that described how language plays an important part in building the cultural base don the language you speak. It is due to linguistic relativity that people are judged based on the language that they speak.
To learn more about linguistic relativity, click here:
https://brainly.com/question/15184484
#SPJ4
An international organization that settles trade disagreements and enforces free-trade agreements is the.
The WTO organization that settles trade disagreements and enforces free-trade agreements.
By WTO, what do you mean ?
An international organisation is the WTO (World Trade Organization). It establishes the regulations governing international trade in products, services, industrial, agricultural, and intellectual property.
Is the WTO a free trade pact?
It is not totally true to refer to the WTO as a "free trade" organization. Tariffs and other forms of protection are permitted by the system under certain conditions. It is actually a set of regulations intended to promote honest, impartial, and undistorted competition.
to know more about WTO follow the link https://brainly.com/question/5847608
#SPJ4
In what ways can you envision mosaic evolution operating within the tribe Hominini, and how might the feedback loops created by the interaction of different body components and their evolution have influenced those characteristics that we use to differentiate humans from other living things (i.e. how might they have influenced what it is that makes humans human)?
The variety of bird locomotor behaviors is assumed to be related to the evolutionary independence of the forelimb and hind limb.
The mosaic evolutionTraits evolving at various speeds or in various ways lead to mosaic evolution. For instance, the evolutionary independence of the forelimb and hind limb is thought to be related to the diversity of locomotor activities in birds (3, 4, 8)
Dental morphology revealed mosaic evolution in the canine teeth of early hominins using fossil records. Canine size reduction is recognized as a signature of human ancestor evolution.
Homeostasis is preserved via biological processes called feedback loops. This happens when the outcome of an activity or reaction alters how the organism responds to that action or reaction.
Learn more on the mosaic evolution here: https://brainly.com/question/24017579
#SPJ1
The United States government introduced the Reconstruction Amendments So
Liz owns a small technology firm where she has sole control and has personal liability for any business debts that arise. This is an example of which form of legal organization?.
Liz owns a small technology firm that is a sole proprietorship. This means that she has sole control of the business and is personally liable for any business debts that arise.
What is solitary proprietor?
A person who runs an unincorporated business alone is known as a sole proprietor. However, if you want to classify a domestic limited liability company (LLC) as a corporation and you are the only member, you are not a sole owner.
What are a sole proprietorship's three benefits?
One benefit of operating a solo business is that you are in charge. You keep every dollar made. Low startup expenses. You are completely private. It's easy to start and run your own business.
If circumstances change, it's simple to change your legal structure afterwards. You can also quickly dissolve your company.
to know more about sole proprietorship follow the link
https://brainly.com/question/4442710
#SPJ4
As a ground control employee at the airport, neal uses hand signals to guide the planes to the tarmac. Which element of nonverbal communication is neal using?.
Gestures are a kind of nonverbal communication that Neal employs since he utilizes hand signals to direct airplanes to the tarmac. Neal works in ground control at the airport.
Non-Verbal Communication: What Is It?The use of expressions, gestures, paralinguistics and other forms of nonverbal communication are some instances or components of this sort of communication, which is used by individuals to convey messages to others and solicit responses.
We can thus observe that Neal is using gestures because, according to his work description as an employee of ground control at the airport, he employs hand signals to lead the aircraft onto the runway.
Find out more about nonverbal communication here:
https://brainly.com/question/28517848
#SPJ1
but framing an innocent person of a crime he didn't commit surely flies in the face of common-sense morality. how might a utilitarian argue that it is not correct to the frame the hermit from a utilitarian perspective?
Punishment is considered a costly tool of public policy in utilitarian penology, and it is only permissible when its benefits in reducing future crime outweigh the pain, fear, and cost to the public.
Is utilitarianism ethical?A type of moral reasoning known as "utilitarianism" is used by North to justify his deceptions.Utilitarianism is a moral principle that, when reduced to its essentials, holds that the morally correct course of action in any circumstance is the one that produces the greatest balance of benefits over harms.
Is it moral to punish someone?Consequentialist accounts argue that punishment can be justified as a means of achieving a valuable goal, typically reducing crime through deterrence, rehabilitation, or other means. On the other hand, retributivism holds that punishment is an intrinsically appropriate (because deserved) response to criminal activity.
Learn more about utilitarian here:
https://brainly.com/question/14453548
#SPJ4
sam is studying for his math class and wants to make sure that the information makes its way into his long-term memory. sam needs to know that this requires focused attention. automatic processing. retrieval. sensory input.
As Sam is studying for his math class and wants to make sure that the information makes its way into his long-term memory; he needs to know that this requires retrieval.
What is a long-term memory?Basically, a long-term memory means the memory process in the brain that takes information from the short-term memory store and creates long lasting memories. These level of memories can be from an hour ago or several decades ago. Normally, a long-term memory can hold an unlimited amount of information for an indefinite period of time.
The short-term memories often become long-term memories in a region of the brain called the hippocampus and another part of the brain called the cortex, stores these long-term memories.
The retrieval of information stored in long-term memory involves an interaction between external sensory or internally generated cues and stored memory traces in a process termed ecphory.
Read more about long-term memory
brainly.com/question/25040884
#SPJ1
reliability of measurement is an important consideration in any study, and there are several types which can be considered. a high level of test-retest reliability ensures that:
Reliability of measurement is an important consideration in any study, and there are several types which can be considered. a high level of test-retest reliability ensures that there is consistencies over time.
The results should be consistent throughout time when researchers measure a concept that they believe to be constant over time. The degree to which this is actually the case is test-retest. For instance, intelligence is typically believed to be constant across time. An clever person today will still be intelligent next week. This implies that any reliable test of IQ should give this person roughly the same results as it does today next week. It is obvious that a measure that consistently yields scores that are highly erratic cannot be a very useful indicator of a construct that is meant to be reliable.
To learn more about test retest click here:
https://brainly.com/question/28204816
#SPJ4
allows us to do rapid and efficient processing of huge amounts of sensory information. however, this also makes us susceptible to illusions, errors in judgment, and prejudice. question 6 options: 1) an illusionary stimulus 2) mind set 3) all of the above are true 4) perceptual set
The perceptual set allows us to do rapid and efficient processing of huge amounts of sensory information. However, this also makes us susceptible to illusions, errors in judgment, and prejudice.
What is perceptual set?A perceptual set is the capacity that enables us to pay attention to some things or behaviors while ignoring others. Every person has a unique set of perceptions depending on their way of thinking, social experiences, etc. Therefore, despite the fact that the perceptual set enables us to assimilate enormous amounts of sensory information, our perceptions may not always be accurate.
A person can perceive various social situations using their perceptual set and then behave in the way that they think is most appropriate. The perceptual set may not always be effective, depending on the situation.
To learn more about perceptual set, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/11924416
#SPJ14
When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.
How does the author’s choice of the words “dissolve” and “separation” illustrate his point of view regarding the nature of this disunion?
The choice of words that the author uses here tells that the need for the people to be separated from the British had become necessary while all forms of unions that they had together had to be dissolved.
What was the declaration of independence?This is the term that is used to refer to the reasons that were given why it had become necessary for the people of the United States to be separated from the leadership of the British government.
From the excerpt that we have here, the speaker is talking based on the fact that it had become good for those that were tired of the people that they used to have a relationship with to go their own way.
What this tells us is that they were clamoring for the need to separate because the people did not have the respect that they should get and they were not treated based on the natural law that God has entitled mankind with.
Read more on the declaration of independence here:
https://brainly.com/question/9515546
#SPJ1
fiona, a research student, conducts a study on the impact of a new tax reform on the common people. she surveys 250 people in a posh shopping area frequented by wealthy americans. after analyzing the data gathered from the survey, fiona concludes that the tax reform has been received well by the people and has not caused them any major hardship. in this context, fiona's study most likely suffers from .
In the context above, Fiona's study most likely suffers from sampling bias.
In the field of statistics, a sampling bias can be described as an error in the sample taken as the samples contains higher data from a certain population whereas the other part of the population is completely forgotten or lesser.
In the case above, Fiona takes her samples for data from wealthy Americans in a posh shopping area only. She does not consider any other place and also there are lesser middle-class or lower-class people to come in that place. Hence, as Fiona only took her data majorly from the wealthy population, her study has a sampling bias.
To learn more about bias, click here:
https://brainly.com/question/15062060
#SPJ4