In humans, normal vision is completely dominant (N) and myopia (nearsightedness) is recessive (n). A homozygous normal female marries a myopic male. What would be the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring?
Answers
The phenotypes of the offspring would depend on whether they inherit a dominant or recessive allele from each parent.
If they inherit a dominant N allele from the mother and a recessive n allele from the father, they would be heterozygous normal (Nn) and have normal vision.
If they inherit a recessive n allele from both parents, they would be homozygous recessive (nn) and have myopia.
Therefore, the offspring would have a 50% chance of having normal vision and a 50% chance of having myopia.
Related Questions
If you begin with a 400 gram sample of Rubidium-87 and only 100 grams
remain…
How many half-lives have gone by?
How old is the sample?
Answers
Answer:
200 g
Half-life of rubidium-87 = 4.8 x 10¹⁰ years.
Explanation:
The half-life formula that is given by `N=N_o(1/2)^(t/t1/2)`Where, N = remaining mass N_o = initial mass`1/2` = decay constant`t` = time elapsed`t1/2` = half-life We know that Rubidium-87 has a half-life of 48.8 billion years.
Therefore, using the half-life formula, we can find the time elapsed or the number of half-lives that have gone by. Given, Initial mass `N_o` = 400 g Remaining mass `N` = 100 g Half-life `t1/2` = 48.8 billion years Now, using the formula, we have:100 = 400(1/2)^(t/48.8 billion) Simplifying the equation:1/4 = (1/2)^(t/48.8 billion)
Taking the logarithm of both sides:log(1/4) = log[(1/2)^(t/48.8 billion)]Using the logarithmic property: log(1/4) = (t/48.8 billion)log(1/2)log(1/4) = -2log(1/2)Therefore, we have:-2 = t/48.8 billion Multiplying both sides by 48.8 billion:48.8 billion x -2 = tt = -97.6 billion years Since time cannot be negative, it means there is an error somewhere.
Hence, the initial mass must have been 100 g. Using the same formula, we have:100 = 100(1/2)^(t/48.8 billion)Simplifying the equation:1 = (1/2)^(t/48.8 billion)Taking the logarithm of both sides: log(1) = log[(1/2)^(t/48.8 billion)]0 = t/48.8 billion
Multiplying both sides by 48.8 billion :t = 0Therefore, the number of half-lives that have gone by is 0 and the sample is 0 years old.
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After completing steps 1 through 5 in your procedures, predict the number and locations of watersheds that will form in your watershed model.
For example:
Based on the positions of landscape features in my watershed model, I predict there will be ________ number of watersheds located at these locations in my model: __________________________________.
Answers
Based on the positions of landscape features in my watershed model, I predict there will be 3 number of watersheds located at these locations in my model:Close to the top, in the center,and to the right.
What does it mean to be in the watershed?A watershed is a piece of ground that directs water into a particular body of water. A watershed exists for every source of water. Rainfall and runoff are channelled into waterways and rivers by watersheds. Lakes, bays, and seas are among the bigger sources of water that these lesser ones run into.
For instance, the land region that drains into a lake's watershed would also include the streams that reach the lake as well as the streams' final destination, the lake. Large watersheds that include the watersheds of numerous lesser rivers and waterways are referred to as drainage basins.
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During the summer of 1988, fires burned sections of the Everglades, leaving a patchwork of burned and unburned areas. In the year following the fires, wildflowers sprouted in all the burned areas, closely followed in subsequent years by seedlings of the trees that normally grow in the area. What changes in the ecosystem will take place during secondary succession
Answers
The changes that will take place in ecosystem during the course of succession is the flowers will eventually be shaded out by the trees and will not be able to grow. Option B.
An ecosystem is a structural and functional unit of ecology in which living species interact with one another and with their surroundings. An ecosystem, in other terms, is a series of interactions between creatures and their surroundings. A.G. Tansley, an English botanist, created the word "ecosystem" in 1935.
The Yellowstone fires of 1988 were the biggest wildfire in the history of Yellowstone National Park in the United States. Due to dry conditions and increased winds, the flames swiftly expanded out of control, uniting into numerous enormous conflagrations that lasted for several months. The flames almost damaged two main visitor locations, and the park was closed to all non-emergency workers for the first time in its history on September 8, 1988.
Only the coming of cold, damp weather in late fall put a stop to the flames. With various levels of intensity, 793,880 acres (3,213 km2), or 36% of the park, burnt.
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Complete question:
During the summer of 1988, fires burned much of Yellowstone National Park, leaving a patchwork of burned and unburned areas. In the year following the fires, wildflowers sprouted in all the burned areas, closely followed in subsequent years by seedlings of the trees that normally grow in the area, such as aspens and lodgepole pines. What changes in the ecosystem will take place during the course of succession?
answer choices
A. The flowers will shade out the small trees creating a permanent meadow.
B. The flowers will eventually be shaded out by the trees and will not be able to grow.
C. The trees will not grow well because of the toxic chemicals produced by the flowers.
D. The trees will take the nutrients that the flowers need, and the flowers will be stunted
According to the Law of Superposition, in undisturbed, horizontal, sedimentary rock layers, the oldest layer is at the bottom. Each higher layer is younger than the rocks below it. Why is it important that the rock layers be undisturbed?
A. If the rock layers are disturbed, sedimentary rock will turn into an intrusion
B. If the rock layers are disturbed, the absolute age of the rocks will change
C. If the rock layers are disturbed, certain layers may be missing or relocated
D. If the rock layers are disturbed, the Law of Superposition is proven wrong
Please explain why you chose this answer
Answers
The Law of Superposition is a fundamental principle used in geology to determine the relative ages of rock layers. It states that in an undisturbed sequence of sedimentary rocks, the oldest rocks are at the bottom and the youngest rocks are at the top. This is because sedimentary rocks are formed by the accumulation of sediment over time, with each layer representing a snapshot of the environment at a particular point in time.
If the rock layers are disturbed, such as by folding, faulting, or erosion, the original order of the layers can be disrupted. In extreme cases, layers can be overturned or completely removed, leading to missing or relocated layers. This can make it difficult or impossible to use the Law of Superposition to determine the relative ages of the remaining layers.
What phenotype will an individual with a heterozygous genotype display?
Answers
Answer:
The dominant trait would be expressed physically (phenotype)
Answer:
An individual with a heterozygous genotype will display the phenotype associated with the dominant allele. The dominant allele will mask the expression of the recessive allele, which means that the trait determined by the recessive allele will not be visible in the individual's phenotype. The heterozygous individual will carry both the dominant and recessive alleles for the trait, but the dominant allele will be the one that determines the observable characteristic.
However, the heterozygous individual can still pass on the recessive allele to their offspring, which may result in the expression of the recessive phenotype in future generations
Can nonsmokers hold their breath longer then people who smoke dependent variable
Answers
Because smokers' lungs are weak and likely not as robust as non-smokers' lungs, non-smokers can hold their breath for longer.
A nonsmoker is someone who has never smoked, yet who may have done so at some time in their lives. Those who have never smoked or who have smoked fewer than 100 cigarettes in their lifetime are also referred to as never-smokers.
A non-profit group in Canada called the Non-Smokers' Rights Association (NSRA) is committed to preventing tobacco use. It was established in Toronto by nurse Rosalee Berlin, and it immediately became a world authority on tobacco control problems, particularly cigarette sponsorship, tobacco advertising, and tobacco packaging.
The Smoking and Health Action Fund (SHAF), a registered charity in Canada, is its sibling non-profit organization.
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How does glass act like a one-way valve for a conventional greenhouse? does the atmosphere similarly act as a one-way valve?
Answers
Glass lets in high-frequency visible-light radiant energy while blocking low-frequency infrared re-radiated energy. Similarly, the atmosphere acts as a one-way valve for greenhouse.
Greenhouse-based resistance tests might be an appealing alternative to costly, time-consuming field trials and laboratory assays, which often do not examine complete plants. They can discover potentially resistant plants, which can subsequently be subjected to more rigorous field testing in later studies.
The ability to manage the climate to optimise disease pressure while limiting the impact of confusing biotic and abiotic variables is a significant benefit of greenhouse screening. Greenhouse experiments provide for control over the pathogen's timing, dosage, and pathogenicity. Stewart and Bradshaw (1993) controlled humidity, inoculum dosage, and plant age during inoculation to improve the greenhouse environment for early-blight resistance screening.
Unlike conventional or high-tech greenhouses, no specific control device is provided for regulating environmental parameters within the greenhouse. However, simple techniques are used to increase or decrease the temperature and humidity.
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If individual II-3 (colored in square) has a child with a carrier woman, what is the percentage chance that the child will be a daughter with DMD?
Answers
In the pedigree chart, individuals colored in black circles or squares indicate that they are affected with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). The chance of having a daughter with DMD would be 50% of 50% or 25%.
The disorder is X-linked recessive, which means that it is caused by a mutation on the X chromosome, and males are more likely to be affected than females because they only have one X chromosome. Females can be carriers of the disorder because they have two X chromosomes, with one carrying the mutant allele and the other carrying the normal allele.
In the given pedigree, individual II-3 is affected with DMD, and his partner is a carrier. Since the partner is a carrier, she would have one normal allele and one mutant allele on her X chromosome. When they have a child, there is a 50% chance that the child will inherit the mutant allele from the mother and a 50% chance that the child will inherit the normal allele.
Since the question specifically asks for the probability of having a daughter with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, we need to consider that females have two X chromosomes. If the child is a female, there is a 50% chance that she will inherit the mutant allele from the carrier mother and a 50% chance that she will inherit the normal allele from the father.
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arrange the different phases in the correct order. write down only the correct letter and no phase can be repeated:based on meiosis.
Answers
The different phases in the correct order:
Correct order: A B C D E F G H I
What is meiosis?Meiosis is a type of cell division that occurs in sexually reproducing organisms to produce gametes (eggs and sperm). It involves two rounds of cell division, resulting in four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Meiosis is important for maintaining the correct number of chromosomes in a species, as well as creating genetic diversity by mixing up the genetic information from the parents. It is a complex process that involves a series of phases including prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, telophase I, and then prophase II, metaphase II, anaphase II, and telophase II. During meiosis, homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic information through a process called recombination, and then separate during the first division. The second division separates the sister chromatids, resulting in four haploid cells that are genetically distinct from each other and from the parent cell.
Here,
A. Interphase
B. Prophase I
C. Metaphase I
D. Anaphase I
E. Telophase I
F. Prophase II
G. Metaphase II
H. Anaphase II
I. Telophase II
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Create a story to highlight how the circulatory and respiratory work interdependently
Answers
Once upon a time, there was a little girl named Lily who loved to run and play outside. She enjoyed spending her days in the park, playing with her friends, and breathing in the fresh air. However, one day, while she was playing, Lily suddenly felt her chest tighten, and she struggled to breathe.
Lily's mother noticed that she was having difficulty breathing and immediately took her to the hospital. There, the doctors discovered that Lily had an asthma attack, which made it difficult for her to breathe. They explained to Lily and her mother that asthma is a condition that affects the respiratory system and can make it harder to breathe.
The doctors also explained that the respiratory system and the circulatory system work together to keep the body functioning properly. They told Lily and her mother that the respiratory system is responsible for taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide, while the circulatory system is responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients throughout the body.
In Lily's case, the asthma attack caused her airways to become inflamed, making it harder for her to breathe. As a result, her body was not getting enough oxygen, which meant that her heart had to work harder to pump blood throughout her body.
To help Lily breathe more easily, the doctors gave her medication that opened up her airways, allowing her to take in more oxygen. They also monitored her heart rate and oxygen levels to ensure that her body was getting the oxygen it needed.
Over time, Lily learned how to manage her asthma by taking her medication and avoiding triggers that could cause her to have an asthma attack. She also learned about the importance of the respiratory and circulatory systems and how they work together to keep the body healthy.
From that day on, Lily never took the fresh air for granted. She appreciated every breath she took and knew that her respiratory and circulatory systems were working together to keep her healthy and strong.
can anyone help me i have to write a paper on this
Answers
Energy moves from one trophic level, or level of the food chain, to the next as primary producers are consumed by primary consumers, who are then eaten by secondary consumers, and so on.
What is a description of the food chain?An ecosystem's flow of nutrients and energy is modeled by a food chain. then it progresses to more advanced organisms, like herbivores. Following that, energy is transferred from one carnivore to the next when they eat the herbivores.
What does the term "chain" in the context of the food chain mean?When one organism consumes another, nutrients and energy are transferred along a food chain, which is a linear group of organisms. Each organism in a food chain is at a different trophic level, which is determined by how many energy transfers there are between it and the chain's primary energy source.
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How is a phenotype determined in living organisms?
With a pedigree
Inherited genes from the parents.
Genetic combination of alleles
Through genetic counseling
Answers
name the part of the blood in which most carbondioxide is transported.
(if u explain the answer, i'd be so glad)
Answers
Answer:
Bicarbonate system
Explanation:
can be transported through the blood via three methods. It is dissolved directly in the blood, bound to plasma proteins or hemoglobin, or converted into bicarbonate. The majority of carbon dioxide is transported as part of the bicarbonate system. Carbon dioxide diffuses into red blood cells.
TRUE OR FALSE if you were examining a plasmodesma under a microscope, you would expect to find a plant cell at each end
Answers
Answer:
true
Explanation:
which of the statements can be concluded from gregor mendel's experiments with pea plants? only one allele determines the phenotype in heterozygous individuals. alleles of different genes are inherited independently of each other. for a given trait, two heterozygous parents produce offspring with three possible phenotypes. the pair of alleles for each gene stay together during gamete production.
Answers
The conclusion that can be drawn from Gregor Mendel's experiments with pea plants is that alleles of different genes are inherited independently of each other. This is known as the law of independent assortment.
Gregor Mendel's experiments with pea plants derived three important laws of inheritance. These are:
1. The law of segregation: when two alleles are present in a genotype, they segregate into separate gametes, with each gamete receiving one allele.
2. The law of independent assortment: the inheritance of one gene does not affect the inheritance of another gene.
3. The law of dominance: One allele is dominant over the other and determines the phenotype of the organism. Only in the presence of two recessive alleles does the recessive trait manifest itself.
Mendel's experiments demonstrated that traits are inherited independently of each other and that the inheritance of one trait does not affect the inheritance of another trait. This led to the development of the law of independent assortment, which states that the inheritance of one gene does not affect the inheritance of another gene located on a different chromosome.
Therefore, the statement that can be concluded from Mendel's experiments is that alleles of different genes are inherited independently of each other, which is known as the law of independent assortment. The other statements are not accurate conclusions that can be drawn from Mendel's experiments.
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Describe environmental variation in intertidal zones.
Answers
the intertidal zone is such an extermely variable environment because it environment experience very high change in elements of the environment it is also called littoral zone it also have rock and Sandy Beaches
Which of the basic tools of a massage therapist is missing from the following scenario?
Deirdre is preparing for her next massage. The massage room has a massage table and heat lamps. Deirdre brings a
fresh sheet to drape her client.
music
Incense
massage lubricant
aromatic oils
Answers
The basic tools of a massage therapist is Massage lubricant.
What is Massage lubricant?
Massage lubricant, such as oil or lotion, is a basic tool for a massage therapist that is missing from the scenario described.
Massage lubricant is used to reduce friction between the therapist's hands and the client's skin, allowing for smoother and more comfortable manipulation of the muscles and tissues during the massage. Without the lubricant, the massage could be uncomfortable or even painful for the client and may cause irritation or injury to the therapist's hands.
Therefore, it is an essential tool for any massage therapist to have on hand during a massage session.
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What is true of the population shown in this graph?
Responses
There are no limiting factors to control population growth.
It shows the effect of overpopulation on a species.
The number of individuals will eventually drop to zero.
The population has increased until it has reached its carrying capacity.
Answers
The population has increased until it has reached its carrying capacity is true of the population.
Option D is correct.
Does a population's expansion be controlled by a limiting factor?Anything that slows or prevents a population from expanding is a limiting factor. Bites, such as food, partners, and competition with other organisms for resources, are examples of limiting factors.
What causes limiting factors?Limiting factors include food, water, light, space, shelter, and access to companions. Individuals will die of starvation, desiccation, and stress in an organism, group, or population that lacks sufficient resources to sustain it, or they will not bear children.
Incomplete question :
What is true of the population shown in this graph? Responses
A.There are no limiting factors to control population growth.
B.It shows the effect of overpopulation on a species.
C.The number of individuals will eventually drop to zero.
D.The population has increased until it has reached its carrying capacity.
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D: The population has increased until it has reached its carrying capacity.
Explanation: k12 1.05
Blood flow through vessel a, 1 mm in diameter, occurs with a 10 kpa pressure gradient from one end to the other. Blood flow through vessel b, 2 mm in diameter, occurs with a 1 kpa pressure gradient from one end to the other. Other conditions are identical. Compared to vessel a, blood flow in vessel b is
Answers
The blood flow through vessel B is 1/10th of the blood flow through vessel A. Here option A is the correct answer.
The flow of blood through a vessel is determined by several factors, including the diameter of the vessel, the pressure gradient across the vessel, and the viscosity of the blood. According to Poiseuille's law, blood flow through a vessel is directly proportional to the fourth power of the vessel's radius and the pressure gradient and inversely proportional to the viscosity of the blood and the length of the vessel.
In this scenario, vessel A has a diameter of 1 mm, while vessel B has a diameter of 2 mm. The pressure gradient across vessel A is 10 kPa, while the pressure gradient across vessel B is 1 kPa. However, other conditions are identical, such as the length of the vessels and the viscosity of the blood.
Using Poiseuille's law, we can calculate the blood flow through each vessel. Let's assume that the blood flow through vessel A is Q_A and the blood flow through vessel B is Q_B.
[tex]Q_A = \frac{\pi r_A^4}{8\eta l} \cdot \Delta P_A = K \cdot 10\text{ kPa}[/tex]
[tex]Q_B = \frac{\pi r_B^4}{8\eta l} \cdot \Delta P_B = K \cdot 1\text{ kPa}[/tex]
where r_A and r_B are the radii of vessel A and vessel B, respectively, \eta is the viscosity of the blood, l is the length of the vessels, and \Delta P_A and \Delta P_B are the pressure gradients across the vessels.
The viscosity and length of the vessels are the same in both cases. Thus, we can simplify the equations to:
Q_A = K * 10 kPa
Q_B = K * 1 kPa
where K is a constant.
Complete question:
Blood flow through vessel A, 1 mm in diameter, occurs with a 10 kPa pressure gradient from one end to the other. Blood flow through vessel B, 2 mm in diameter, occurs with a 1 kPa pressure gradient from one end to the other. Other conditions are identical. Compared to vessel A, blood flow in vessel B is ____.
A. 1/10 as fast
B. 1.6 times faster
C. 16 times slower
D. 10 times faster
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Identical twins are produced when a fertilised egg cell divides in two. Explain why identical twins share many, but not all, of their characteristics????
Answers
Answer:
Because Some identical twins are not both Male and male /Female and Male
Genes
I NEED HELP ASAP! please answer well and dont put random stuff
Answers
Answer:
Cell-Theory
Explanation:
how many chromosomes do plants have
Answers
Answer:
Plants have approximately 600 chromosomes.
Drug with similar effect to longmasterol?
Answers
No drugs mimic longmasterol's effects, but NSAIDs and chemotherapy drugs have similar effects on inflammation and cancer cells.
Longmasterol is a sterol compound that is found in plants and has been related with different medical advantages, including calming and hostile to disease impacts. There are no medications accessible that are explicitly intended to imitate the impacts of longmasterol. Notwithstanding, there are drugs that comparatively affect irritation and disease cells. For instance, non-steroidal calming drugs (NSAIDs, for example, headache medicine and ibuprofen can assist with diminishing irritation, while chemotherapy medications, for example, paclitaxel and doxorubicin are utilized to kill malignant growth cells. It is essential to take note of that the impacts of these medications can contrast fundamentally from the impacts of longmasterol, and their utilization ought to constantly be examined with a medical services supplier.
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Some of the micro-organism are not single cells how are they arranged?
Answers
Answer:
Some microorganisms are not single cells, and they can be arranged in different ways. For example, some microorganisms form clusters or colonies, while others form long filaments or chains. Some microorganisms, such as certain types of algae, form multicellular structures that resemble higher plants. Additionally, some bacteria can form structures called biofilms, which are communities of cells that are attached to a surface and encased in a protective matrix. The arrangement of microorganisms can vary depending on their species, environment, and other factors.
Explanation:
which of the following is not an adaption that nekton have developed to avoid becoming prey? group of answer choices the ability to mimic more poisonous or dangerous animals the ability to attach themselves firmly to the seabed the ability to camouflage themselve aginst the surrounding rocks/sediment the tendancy to move through the ocean in a school to avoid and confuse predators
Answers
One of the following adaptations is not developed by nekton to avoid becoming prey is the ability to attach themselves firmly to the seabed.
Nekton is the category of marine organisms that are capable of swimming and against the current without being displaced by it.
They are fish, whales, sharks, and rays that live and swim independently in the ocean. Nekton needs to be able to swim to prevent predators from catching and consuming them.
Adaptations that nekton have developed to avoid becoming prey include:
the ability to mimic more poisonous or dangerous animals,the ability to camouflage themselves against the surrounding rocks/sediment,the tendency to move through the ocean in a school to avoid and confuse predators,It's not necessary for nekton to have the ability to attach themselves firmly to the seabed to avoid becoming prey.
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2. Using the results of his experiments with pea plant
crosses, what did Gregor Mendel discover?
A) the principles of dominance, segregation, and
independent assortment
B) that pea plants develop mutations after expos
to radiation
C) intermediate inheritance and gene linkage
D) that DNA is involved in the inheritance of
dominant traits
ubati
Answers
Using the results of his experiments with pea plant crosses, Gregor Mendel discovered: A) the principles of dominance, segregation, and independent assortment.
What was the pea plant crosses experiment?In this famous experiment, Mendel cross- pollinated pea plants based on their different features to make important discoveries on how traits are inherited between the generations.
Mendel crossed the pure lines of pea plants. Dominant traits, like purple flower color, appeared in first-generation hybrids (F1), whereas recessive traits, like white flower color were masked. But recessive traits reappeared in second-generation (F2) pea plants in ratio of 3:1 (dominant to recessive).
The experiment allowed Mendel to conclude on two laws of Inheritance; that are Law of Segregation and Law of Independent Assortment.
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What are the two types of quantities scientists consider when examining something?
Observational and hypothetical
Modernism and postmodernism
Scientific and philosophic
Scalar and vector
Answers
in the collection of data in an experiment using the scientific method, there are two sorts of observations, qualitative and quantitative.
What are the differences between the qualitative and quantitative categories of observations?Observations that describe something's "qualities" are referred to as qualitative observations. They wouldn't involve counting or measuring and would instead contain qualities like texture, colour, and shape. Using standard scales to count or measure is a need for quantitative observations.
Which two kinds of observation are used in qualitative research?In each case, the subject is aware that they are being watched (do not know they are being watched). The researcher participates in the context or culture being studied.
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Is this the right order of water cycle?
Precipitation, interception, runoff, collection, infiltration, percolation, discharge, evaporation, transpiration, evapotranspiration, condensation
ALSO IS EVAPORATION AND TRANSPIRATION SAME THING AS EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
Answers
Answer:
water cycle, also called hydrologic cycle, cycle that involves the continuous circulation of water in the Earth-atmosphere system. Of the many processes involved in the water cycle, the most important are evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation, and runoff. Although the total amount of water within the cycle remains essentially constant, its distribution among the various processes is continually changing.
In one paragraph, explain how matter such as water, nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide cycles in an ecosystem.
Answers
Energy changes forms as it moves through an ecosystem, but no new energy is produced. As a result, energy and matter are preserved throughout all ecosystem processes.
How do the ecosystem cycles water carbon and nitrogen impact life within the ecosystem?The three main cycles of an ecosystem are the water cycle, the carbon cycle and the nitrogen cycle. When these three cycles are in harmony, they remove waste from the ecosystem and replenish it with the nutrients it needs to support life.
What is an ecosystem's cycle of matter?As these organisms live and die, matter circulates between the air and soil, as well as among plants, animals, and microbes. In addition to absorbing gases and water from the environment, organisms also emit waste materials back into it.
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Which of the following is an example of the bottleneck effect?
A
Bald eagles are hunted until near extinction, then the population recovers.
B
A small group of iguanas float to an island, and a new population is started.
C
Red fox pups are more likely to survive in a snowy environment if they are born white.
D
A farmer chooses seeds from the largest apples to plant next year, which results in larger apples from year to year.
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is A.
The bottleneck effect refers to a reduction in population size, often caused by a random event such as a natural disaster or human activity, that leads to a loss of genetic diversity in the population. In this case, the population of bald eagles is reduced to near extinction, which would likely result in a significant loss of genetic diversity. If the population recovers, it may do so with reduced genetic variation, which can have negative consequences for the species in the long term.
B is an example of the founder effect, which occurs when a small group of individuals colonizes a new area and starts a new population. The genetic diversity of the new population may be influenced by the characteristics of the founding group.
C is an example of natural selection, where traits that confer an advantage in a particular environment are more likely to be passed on to future generations.
D is an example of artificial selection, where humans intentionally select certain traits to be passed on to future generations. This can result in changes in the genetic makeup of a population over time, but it is not an example of the bottleneck effect.