complete the electron‑pushing mechanism for the given base‑promoted hydrolysis of an amide. add atoms, bonds, nonbonding electron pairs (lone pairs), charges, and curved arrows where indicated

Answer:

d. 2-  

when it forms an ion.

Explanation:

Hydrogen bonds do not form between two hydrogen atoms. where do hydrogen bonds form?

hydrogen bonds act between adjacent molecules and between atoms of the same molecule. hydrogen bonds form between a slight positive change on the hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond.

What is molecules?

According to the context, the term may or may not include ions that meet this requirement. A molecule is a collection of two or more atoms held together by the attractive forces known as chemical bonds.

Therefore,

Hydrogen bonds do not form between two hydrogen atoms. where do hydrogen bonds form?

hydrogen bonds act between adjacent molecules and between atoms of the same molecule. hydrogen bonds form between a slight positive change on the hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond and a slight negative charge on an oxygen atom of another polar covalent bond.

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Transmission is referred to as the uninterrupted passage of insolation through the atmosphere or water.

This can be defined as the process in which solar energy is incident onto objects which are usually in the form of waves. This is made possible through the process of heat transfer which is referred to as radiation in a medium such as air, water etc.

This is transmitted to the environment as it serves as a source of energy for the organisms which are present in the ecosystem. It is usually uninterrupted and are absorbed by plants during the process of photosynthesis.

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The correct answer is d) none of these. Hexokinase is catalyzed to produce glycolysis.

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If the solute concentration for a particular molecule inside of the cell is 100mm and the concentration for this same molecule is 10mm, water will move into the cell.

What is osmosis?

Osmosis is the naturally occurring net movement or diffusion of solvent molecules over a selectively permeable membrane from an area of high water potential to a region of low water potential, in a manner that attempts to balance the solute concentrations on the two sides.

Both osmosis and diffusion are passive transport processes, which means they don't need any additional energy to take place. Particles transfer from a region of higher concentration to one of lower concentration through osmosis and diffusion, respectively.

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Answer:

Explanation:

You aren't truly changing your hair, after all. It will regrow, and it is still hair; nothing has changed. Without changing the actual identity, a physical change can modify one or more physical properties. Therefore, getting a haircut  is a physical change

After heating 57.2 grams of the anhydrous compound remained.

First, we convert 66.4 grams of Ba(ClO₄)₂·3H₂O into moles, using its molar mass:

Molar mass of Ba(ClO₄)₂·3H₂O = Molar mass of Ba(ClO₄)₂ + (Molar Mass of H₂O)*3

Molar mass of Ba(ClO₄)₂·3H₂O = 390.23 g/mol

66.4 g ÷ 390.23 g/mol = 0.170 mol Ba(ClO₄)₂·3H₂O

0.170 moles of Ba(ClO₄)₂·3H₂O would produce 0.170 moles of Ba(ClO₄)₂. Meaning we now convert 0.170 moles of Ba(ClO₄)₂ into grams, using the molar mass of Ba(ClO₄)₂:

0.170 mol * 336.23 g/mol = 57.2 g

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Answer:

32 degrees

Explanation:

Answer:

Water changes to Ice at 0 degree celcius

Explanation:

Hope it helps!!!

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Among the following compounds, Sodium nitrate and CH₄ are neither an acid nor a base.

Sodium nitrate is an alkali metal salt which is made from the neutralization of a strong base (NaOH) with a strong acid (HNO₃). It has a pH value equal to 7. Therefore, sodium nitrate is neutral.

CH₄ has a neutral pH, of around 7. If a substance is acidic in nature, it must contain in the form where that can be released into water. But CH₄ is not acidic or basic as all the four hydrogen are bound tightly to the carbon atom and cannot be released, i.e., CH₄ has all of its valence electrons in bonding pair and bonding pairs are too stable to donate under normal conditions.

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Once fermentation completed, a hydrometer of a stout indicated a specific gravity of 1.15.

Specific gravity = density of liquid/ density of water at 4°C

= mass of liquid/(volume*density of water)

specific weight = mass = 1150 kg.

What is specific gravity?

The ratio of a substance's density to that of water at a certain temperature is what is known as specific gravity, which is also sometimes known as relative gravity, which is a dimensionless quantity (has no unit). Since water has the maximum density at 4°C, 1000 kg/m3, in SI system. this temperature is frequently used as a benchmark.

The ratio of weight to volume is referred to as specific weight. In addition, the relationship between density and gravitational acceleration can be used to define specific weight. Contrary to density, specific weight depends on the gravitational acceleration (g), whose magnitude changes with altitude and latitude.

Specific gravity = density of liquid/ density of water at 4°C

= mass of liquid/(volume*density of water)

Thus specific weight = mass = 1150 kg.

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Answer:

500

Explanation:

because it is

4 covalent bonds will be formed by Group 4A elements. One carbon atom forms a connection with four hydrogen atoms to create the methane molecule (CH4).

When two atoms exchange one or more pairs of electrons, a covalent connection is created. These electrons are being drawn to the two atomic nuclei at the same time.

When the difference between the electronegativities of two atoms is too tiny for an electron transfer to take place to create ions, a covalent bond is formed.

Atoms join together in a covalent bond by exchanging electrons. Nonmetals typically form covalent connections with one another. For instance, each hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atom in water (H2O) shares a pair of electrons to form the molecule of two single-bonded hydrogen atoms and one single-bonded oxygen atom.

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The products of the first and second alkylation event are still very active alkylation agents.

Why is it so difficult to control the alkylation of primary amines in an sn2-type reaction manifold?

The products of the first and second alkylation event are still very active alkylation agents.

Primary and secondary formed amines by alkylation have more nucleophilic N (+I of alkyl group) which can further react with alkyl halide to give alkylation. Thus the reaction gives tertiary and quaternary amines.

Explanation:

The alkylation of ammonia during the manufacture of amine prevents the synthesis of secondary and tertiary amine. The Carbyl Amine Test is used to test it.

Because they react with alcoholic KOH, secondary and tertiary amine production fails to pass the carbylamine test.

The carbbylamine test is a test for identifying primary amines.

In this heating, an amine is present while the substance is being heated with chloroform in a basic solution.

It can be detected by the isocyanide's distinctively bad odor.

A positive carbylamine test will be produced by primary amines such isopropyl amine.

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Answer:

b) no change; an increase

Explanation:

Kinetic energy does not change but potential energy increases at melting point.

(a) When electrons are in their lowest energy state, we say that they are in _________.

(b) Sometimes, when ________ energy such as ________ or electricity is applied to the atom, the electrons absorb energy and transition to an _________ state.

(c) The electrons can not sustain this higher energy state for so long, so eventually ________ occurs.

(d) As a result, the electrons release energy in the form of a ______ and return back to ____.

(e) The jump between the high energy state to a lower energy state is called a _________.

(a) Ground State

(b) higher energy , excited state

(c) unstability

(d) light , ground state

(e) excited state absorption

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Answer:

True.

Explanation:

According to this, an object's rate of change in velocity is directly proportional to the force used and moves in the direction of the applied force. The following formula encapsulates it: force (N) = mass (kg) x acceleration (m/s2). A constant mass item will therefore accelerate in direct proportion to the force exerted.

Answer:

true, I am pretty sure it's true

A "p" orbital has two regions or lobes of high electron probability, on either side of the nucleus. This gives the orbital a dum---bbell shape with a nodal plane or region of zero electron density at the nucleus.

The term orbital refers to a region of electron density. It is the region where it is possible to find an electron in the nucleus. Note that the atom is composed of electrons, protons and neutrons. The electrons are found in the shells while the protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus.

The quantum numbers are describe the position of an electron in an atom. There are flour sets of quantum numbers and one of them is the orbital quantum numbers which describes the orbital where the electron is found. Various orbitals. have various shapes and appearances which determines the number of electrons that they can contain.

A "p" orbital has two regions or lobes of high electron probability, on either side of the nucleus. This gives the orbital a dum--bbell shape with a nodal plane or region of zero electron density at the nucleus.

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Missing parts;

A "p" orbital has _______ regions or lobes of high electron probability, on either side of the nucleus. This gives the orbital a dum--+bbell shape with a(n) _______ or region of zero electron density at the nucleus.

Answer:

positive and negative

Explanation:

The purpose of this "isolation chamber" until protein folding is complete, this chamber prevents unfolded proteins from interacting with other proteins in the cytosol.

What is Isolation chamber?

For limited environmental stimulation therapy, a sensory deprivation tank—also known as an isolation tank or a flotation tank—is employed (REST). A foot or less of salt water is contained within the tank, which is dark and silent.

Heat shock protein chaperones are divided into Hsp60, Hsp70, Hsp90, Hsp104, and tiny Hsps based on their measured molecular weights. Heat shock protein chaperones are proteins expressed in response to elevated temperatures or other cellular stressors. The Hsp60 family of protein chaperones, also known as chaperonins, are present in mitochondria, the cytosol of eukaryotes, and the cytoplasm of prokaryotes. They are distinguished by a stacked double-ring structure.

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If a reaction takes several days to occur without an enzyme it can occur in a few seconds with an enzyme.

Thus, If a reaction takes several days to occur without an enzyme it can occur in a few seconds with an enzyme.

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For this reaction: ΔG⁰>0.

Balanced chemical reaction A(g) ⇌ (g)

ΔG° indicates that all reactants and products are in their standard states.

ΔG° = R·T·lnK.

ΔG° is Gibbs free energy

T is the temperature on the Kelvin scale

R is the ideal gas constant

The equilibrium constant (K) is the ratio of the partial pressures or the concentrations of products to reactants.

Gibbs free energy (G) determines if reaction will proceed spontaneously, nonspontaneously or in equilibrium processes.

If K < 1, than ΔG° > 0.

Reactants (in this example A) are favored over products (in this example B) at equilibrium.

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Cohesion;

Adhesion;

We know that the forces of adhesion are the forces that hold molecules to the surface of the vessel that contains it while the forces of cohesion is the force that holds the molecules of the water together.

Let us now try to see the properties individually;

Cohesion;

Adhesion;

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The reaction of an amide with alcohol cannot be used to prepare an ester.

Ester can be defined as a compound that is achieved by the reaction of ternary acid with a chemical compound having -OH(hydroxide) as the functional group.

The amides generally do not react with alcohol because the amides have poor leaving group properties so the preparation of esters is not possible.

The acid halides undergo a nucleophilic substitution reaction with alcohol which results in the formation of the ester with HCL as the by-product.

Fischer esterification is a process that uses an acid catalyst to prepare esters from the reaction of carboxylic acid and alcohol. The hydroxide bond of carboxylic acid and the hydrogen bond of the alcohol is broken and react to form water resulting in esterification.

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The entropy (S) for one mole of crystalline N₂O at 0 K is 3.28 × 10⁻²² J/K.

              S = k logW , Where K is Boltzmann's constant.

From the given question,

S = (1.38 × 10⁻²³) (6.022 × 10⁻²²)

S = 3.28 × 10⁻²² J/K

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The assertion it is true that ' the  covalent bonds linking distant cysteine amino acid residues in protein tertiary structures .

In the tertiary structure, a protein disulfide isomerase forms a disulfide link between the two -SH groups when two cysteines are placed near together . The disulfide bond can be regarded as a component of the polypeptide of amino acid , which makes up the fundamental structure of proteins , due to its nature .

Cysteine plays a clear role in the tertiary structure of protein s. These residues build disulfide bridges that connect the polypeptide chain fragments , some of which are situated widely apart from one another in terms of their fundamental structure .

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By ideal gas approximation, the temperature of methane gas is 110.71 K.

We need to know about the ideal gas theory to solve this problem. The ideal gas is assumed that there is no interaction between particles in a gas. It can be determined by the equation

P . V = n . R . T

where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles gas, R is the ideal gas constant (8.31 J/mol.K) and T is temperature.

From the question above, we know that

V = 20 L = 0.02 m³

P = 92 kPa = 92 x 10³ Pa

n = 2 moles

By substituting the following parameters, we get

P . V = n . R . T

92 x 10³ . 0.02 = 2 . 8.31 . T

16.62T = 1840

T = 110.71 K

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This is because the eluting strength of a solvent polarity is essentially connected to how firmly it adsorbs onto the adsorbent.

What is tlc plate?

A TLC plate is a piece of glass, metal, or plastic that has been lightly covered with a solid adsorbent (usually silica or alumina). The bottom of this plate has a little space where the combination to be tested will be placed.

Thin Layer Chromatography TLC is a method that is frequently employed in synthetic chemistry to identify compounds, assess their purity, and monitor the course of a reaction. Additionally, it enables the optimization of the solvent system for a specific separation issue.

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The speed of diffusion of gases is faster at a higher temperature and when the molecular mass of the gas is lower.

Transport that is done passively is called diffusion. Unless the concentration is uniform throughout a space, a single material goes from an area of high concentration to one of low concentration.

Because thermal energy is a function of temperature, molecules move randomly and continuously based on their mass, their surroundings, and their internal energy. This motion takes into consideration the diffusion of molecules across the medium in which they are situated. A material moves into any place that is open to it until it fills the entire area equally.

Molecules will continue to move about in a region after a material has entirely diffused across it, eliminating the gradient of concentration. However, there will not be any net molecule movement from one location to another. We refer to this absence of a gradient of concentration where there is no net movement of the material as dynamic equilibrium. Although diffusion will continue when a substance's concentration gradient is present, a number of things influence the diffusion rate:

(i) Molecular mass: Since heavier molecules travel more slowly, they diffuse more slowly as a result. For lighter molecules, diffusion occurs quicker.

(ii) Temperature: Higher temperatures boost energy, which in turn causes molecules to move more quickly and speed up the diffusion process. Lower temperatures reduce the energy of the molecules, which lowers the diffusion rate.

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Hydrogen chloride gas and oxygen react to form water vapor and chlorine gas.

What is Hydrogen chloride?

A hydrogen halide is the substance hydrogen chloride, which has the chemical formula HCl. It is a colourless gas at room temperature that reacts with water vapour in the air to produce white fumes of hydrochloric acid. In technology and industry, hydrochloric acid and hydrogen chloride gas are crucial. The formula HCl is also frequently used to refer to hydrochloric acid, an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride.

4.75 litres of water would be created as a result of this process.

Given: HCl gas volume = 9.5 L

The chemical process will be balanced if:

4HCl + O2 → 2H2O + 2Cl2

As we are aware, 1 mole of gas at STP occupies 22.4 L of gas.

According to the stoichiometry, 4 litres of HCl gas react to produce 2 litres of chlorine.

As a result, 9.5 litres of HCl gas react to produce 9.5*2/4 litres of Cl.

Therefore, 4.75 litres of Cl would be created by this process.

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