The Board of directors ultimately owns Johnson company.
This is because a board of directors (BoD) is the governing body of a company, elected by shareholders, who then further appoints the managers etc. for the company.
What is relationship between Board of Director and CEO?
Both board of directors (BoD) and CEOs make important and high level decisions.
Even a strong CEO cannot genuinely succeed alone. Having a positive relationship with the board is crucial because CEOs receive guidance from the board and provide feedback. Although board of directors (BoD) members are busy, it might be worthwhile to meet candidates for the position of CEO.
The CEO of a firm is in charge and has the final say when it comes to management decisions. Nevertheless, the board of directors(BoD), which stands in for the owners and stockholders, is the CEO's superior. The board of directors (BoD) manages the business and sets long-term objectives. It has the authority to oust the CEO and choose a successor.
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Which type of competition allows
sellers to enter or exit the market
without barriers?
A. Open Competition
B. Monopolistic Competition
C. Pure Competition
D. Total Competition
Pure Competition (Perfect Competition) allows sellers to enter or exit the market without barriers. Thus, option 'C' is the correct option.
What is Perfect Competition?A perfect market, also known as an atomistic market, is defined by various idealizing criteria, which are together referred to as perfect competition, or atomistic competition, in economics, especially general equilibrium theory.
It has been shown in theoretical models with the perfect competition that a market would find equilibrium when the amount provided for each good or service, including labor, matches the amount sought at the present price. A Pareto optimal equilibrium would be this one. Both allocative and productive efficiency is provided by perfect competition.
Therefore, option 'C' (perfect competition) is the correct option.
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modifying the product, modifying the market, and repositioning the product are three ways to manage a product through . multiple choice question. its life cycle development of a branding strategy private branding achieving brand equity
Modifying the product is life cycle development of a branding strategy private branding achieving brand equity.
Generally talking, every emblem or product has its existence cycle which spans from the time it's far released to the time it exits from the marketplace. This cycle covers five degrees, specifically product development, introduction, interest, maturity, and decline.
Here are four common logo increase techniques for companies seeking to make bigger their services or product offerings.
The four brand techniques are line extension, emblem extension, new logo strategy, and flanker/combat brand approach.
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pension plan assets were $80 million at the beginning of the year. the return on plan assets was 5%. at the end of the year, retiree benefits paid by the trustee were $6 million and cash invested in the pension fund was $7 million. what was the amount of the pension plan assets at year-end?
The amount of the pension plan assets is equal to $83 million.
Assets may be defined as those entities that prove beneficial to an organization or to an individual. The assets help in betterment of the society as well as the economy. The assets can also be used as collaterals in the times of need. Pension plan assets are he facilities that are bought in order to receive benefits of the services even after the retirement of the individual. The formula for calculating the amount of pension plan assets is expressed as
Pension plan asset = Plan asset at the beginning of year + Actual return + Cash contribution - Retiree benefits
Pension plan assets = $80000000 + $4000000 + $6000000 - $7000000
Pension plan assets = $83000000
Pension plan assets = $83 million
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which is a local organization that controls a city or county government to an extent that enables it to reward large numbers of political supporters with tangible benefits such as government jobs
A local organization that controls a city or a county government to an extent that enables it to reward a large number of political supporters with tangible benefits such as government jobs is known as a political machine.
What is the significance of a political machine?A political machine can be referred to or considered as an organization that is backed by political support of the region that it operates in. The scope or jurisdiction of a political machine is very limited. A municipal corporation or a local government can be identified as an example of a political machine. It matches the description given above with respect to tangible benefits such as government jobs.
Therefore, the significance regarding a political machine has been aforementioned.
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if the mpc in an economy is 0.80, government could close a recessionary expenditure gap of $160 billion by cutting taxes by multiple choice $128 billion. $200 billion. $160 billion. $80 billion.
The government can close a recessionary expenditure gap of $160 billion by cutting taxes by $200 billion. So, the correct answer is (b).
Given information,
Expenditure gap (consumption) = $160
Marginal propensity to consume (MPC) = 0.80
Let, income be Y
Marginal Propensity to Consume (MPC) = Consumption/ Y
Income (Y) = $160/0.80 = $200
A measure called marginal propensity to consume (MPC) quantifies the assumption of induced consumption, which maintains that because a boost in disposable income results in a rise in personal consumer expenditure (consumption). Marginal propensity to consume is the percentage of discretionary income that people can spend on spending. MPC is the proportion of extra revenue that a consumer is willing to pay.
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the growth of the international capital market has been facilitated with the blank of financial services. multiple choice question. expansion regulation deregulation containment
Deregulation of financial services. Financial deregulation gave banks and other financial institutions the freedom to decide how to use and allocate their capital.
What is Deregulation ?Financial deregulation gave banks and other institutions the freedom to choose how they would utilise and distribute their capital. It made it possible for banks to invest their money in securities and compete with rivals on a global scale without being constrained by restrictions.
Following the legislation's repeal, banks were only permitted to invest in low-risk securities. Banks started investing in high-risk financial derivatives instead, but they didn't follow through. As a result, several nations attributed the 2008 Global Financial Crisis to the deregulation of the banking sector.
Deregulation in the energy industry was intended to increase market competition, which would lower prices for consumers. The fact that many utility firms were monopolies made them fear that by lowering entry barriers, they might lose their current position of dominance.
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how do self-employed independent contractors deduct their business expenses? multiple choice question. for agi against all forms of income from agi against business income from agi against all forms of income for agi against business income
You can deduct business expenses as an independent contractor to lower your overall tax burden.
Self-employed people can deduct their business costs on Schedule C while still taking the standard deduction on Form 1040. By subtracting from their taxable income a standard amount determined by the IRS, taxpayers can use the standard deduction to reduce their tax liability.
You must discover a means to spark interest in your goods or services if you own a small business. That implies you'll likely need to publicise your business in some way unless you already have a sizable clientele or customer base.
You must have pass-through income to be qualified for the write-off, which essentially rules out C-Corporations. Additionally, there is a limit on the amount of income you can deduct, and if you go over it, the size of your deduction is determined by the kind of business you run.
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the structural unemployment rate is 1.5 percent, the frictional unemployment rate is 3.1 percent, and the economy's current unemployment rate is 6.9 percent. the economy is in
If the structural unemployment rate is 1.5 percent, the frictional unemployment rate is 3.1 percent, and the economy's current unemployment rate is 6.9 percent, the economy is going to be in the recessionary gap because they are producing less than the GDP.
How to solve for the unemployment rateThe formula for the natural unemployment rate would be: structural unemployment rate + frictional unemployment rate
This would be 1.5 + 3.1 percent
= 4.6%
We can see that the current unemployment rate is higher than the natural rate of unemployment therefore we would say that the nation is in a state of recessionary gap producing less than the GDP
What is unemployment?This is the term that is used to refer to the situation that is knwon to exist in a government where the people that are willing and are able to do work are unable to get the work and the jobs that they are to offer.
There are different states of unemployment. These are the cyclic unemployment, the frictional unemployment and other forms of unemployment in the society.
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Five manufacturing industries in Nigeria and two raw materials each
Answer:
Flour Mills of Nigeria
Unilever Nigeria -
PZ Cussons
DUFIL Prima Foods
Lafarge Cement
Explanation:
which of the following is true of organizations that practice a performance-driven approach? question 24 options: employee rewards vary significantly from person to person and are not based on individual performance. performance appraisal activities are not valued by managers and employees and are often viewed as a bureaucratic exercise. employee rewards are standardized irrespective of job duties. performance evaluations link results to employee compensation and development.
A true statement on the organizations that practice a performance-driven approach is that performance evaluations link results to employee compensation and development.
What is the performance driven-approach?The performance driven approach refers to an approach that some companies use where employees are rewarded based on how much work they put into the company in a certain period, or how much activity can be traced to them.
The performance-driven approach is used by companies that prioritize the production of goods and services in higher quantities so that they can be able to sell more of their goods or service. The way that the performance of an employee is linked to them is through performance evaluations. Based on the result of these evaluations, employee compensation and their development and promotion in the company is determined.
In conclusion, the performance driven approach, relies on performance evaluations.
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suppose that real gdp per capita in the united states is $32,000, while its annual growth rate is 2%, and that real gdp per capita in china is $4,000, while its annual growth rate is 7%. how long will it take china's real gdp per capita to double? 35 years 10 years 50 years 14 years
The time in which the real GDP per capita of China will be double is 10 years.
GDP or Gross Domestic Product is defined as the sum of all the goods and services produced within a territory in a year. GDP is a measure of determining the economic worth of a particular country. According to the question GDP per capita of United States is $32000, GDP per capita of China is $4000. The growth rate of US is 2% and growth rate of China is 7%. By the rule of 70 the GDP of China will get double in
70/Growth rate.
So, the GDP of US will get double in 70/2 = 35 years and
The GDP of China will get double in 70/7 = 10 years and the amount will be equal to $8000.
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an policy that insures the title received by the grantee against deficiencies that may have been in existence at the time the title was transferred is known as
A title opinion is an insurance that protects the grantee's title against any potential flaws that may have existed at the time the title was transferred.
Write a note on title opinion.Title opinions are intended to positively guarantee two things with regard to commercial loans:
that an owner/borrower has good title to a property; and that the lender has a good and valid mortgage charging the property.It is necessary to hire a lawyer to analyze the property's title and to conduct (and review) in-depth research on the title as well as any off-title issues that might affect a lender's security position. The attorney will provide a "title opinion" after reviewing the document, supposing no serious flaws were discovered, which will affirm the guarantees mentioned above.
Unfortunately, title opinions are not infallible, which means that mistakes could occur. When a loan defaults after closing and an issue with the owner's title or the lender's mortgage occurs when the lender tries to enforce its security through the mortgage, the lender may turn to the attorney and ask that the issue be resolved. However, unless the issue can be resolved quickly, the lender and the lawyer may find themselves in a contentious situation. If this happens, the lender may need to file a lawsuit against their (now-former) lawyer in order to demonstrate negligence and recover any losses brought on by the error or omission on their part.
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The complete question is mentioned below :
A policy that insures the title received by the grantee against deficiencies that may have been in existence at the time the title was transferred is known as
a. real property insurance
b. title insurance
c. title opinion
d. deed insurance
harvard company purchased equipment having an invoice price of $13,900. the terms of sale were 4/10, n/30, and harvard paid within the discount period. in addition, harvard paid a $125 delivery charge, $195 installation charge, and $935 sales tax. the amount recorded as the cost of this equipment is:
The amount recorded as the cost of this equipment purchased by Harvard company is $12,546.
When it comes to recording equipment, once you begin using the asset, loop the income statement in. Until the asset has completely depreciated, note the asset's annual depreciation on your business income statement.
The cost of furniture, autos and other items is comprised of the purchase price, sales taxes, shipping costs, insurance for the item's protection during shipping, assembly, installation, and any other expenses necessary to prepare the item for usage.
Price of an Asset:
The invoice price is merely one component of an asset's cost. The incidental costs related to putting the item into use are also included. costs involved in putting the item into use, including sales tax, cash discounts, installation, freight, testing, and other expenses.
The amount has to be paid within the discount period, hence a 2% discount is applicable to it.
The amount of equipment = $11,500 × (100% -2%)
= $11,270
cost of this equipment = amount of equipment + delivery charges + installation charges + sales tax
=11,270 + 160 + 185 + 931
The cost of equipment will come to be $12,546
Therefore the amount recorded as the cost of this equipment is $12,546
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The correct question is:
Harvard Company purchased equipment having an invoice price of $11,500. The terms of sales were 2/10, n/30, and Harvard paid within the discount period. In addition, Harvard paid a $160 delivery charge, $185 installation charge, and $931 sales tax.
The amount recorded as the cost of this equipment is: _____
which one of the following expenses for retirees is most likely to decrease? multiple choice clothing expenses insurance expenses medical expenses expenses for leisure activities gifts and contributions
Clothing expenses is the expense most likely to decreases for retirees .
Option A is correct .
What charges do you have in retirement?Your required average yearly charges in retirement fall into orders similar as household , transportation, living charges, family care and medical/ health. These are necessary retirement charges that you may not be suitable to live without.
How are retirement charges calculated?A good way to begin to estimate retirement charges is to use your current yearly income as a starting place, and also add and abate any charges you anticipate to change in retirement.
Retiree person :
A retired person is an aged person who has left his or her job and has generally stopped working fully. A retiree is a person who has retired. numerous retirees fail to consider affectation in their valuations of their withdrawal income. Benefits will be grounded on stipend, which are a measure of the income that retirees need to replace. A retiree is a person who has retired.
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political action committees question 11 options: are not covered by federal election laws. are committees created under federal or state law for the purpose of collecting political donations. coordinate all expenditures directly with the candidate. collect funds from the candidate and transfer them to the political party. are limited in how much they spend.
The independent regulatory body tasked with overseeing and upholding the federal campaign finance legislation is the Federal Election Commission (FEC). The financing of American political campaigns falls within the purview of the FEC.
The Federal Election Commission limits and regulates public funding for presidential elections, as well as upholds federal campaign finance regulations, which include monitoring donation bans.
Networked PACs Corporations and labor unions are not allowed to directly contribute to or spend money on federal elections under the Federal Election Campaign Act. These organizations may, however, support a "linked PAC," sometimes known as a "separate segregated fund" (SSF).
A political action committee (PAC) in the US is a 527 organization that collects member campaign contributions and distributes those monies to campaigns for or against candidates, legislation, or ballot initiatives.
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joe has the same qualifications (education and experience) as chelsea, and they work for the same company. joe finds out that chelsea is earning a higher salary than him, even though they both do the same job. based on equity theory, what is joe most likely to experience? multiple choice negative inequity (underreward) negative justice positive justice positive inequity (overreward) equity
Joe is most likely to experience negative inequity.
According to Adams' Equity Theory, the inputs and outputs of an employee must be balanced fairly. Finding this appropriate balance in accordance with the principle, aids in establishing a solid and fruitful relationship with the worker. This results in satisfied and motivated employees.
A person's opinion of whether or not they receive appropriate incentives to make up for their positive contributions is at the center of feelings of inequity. People carry out these evaluations by contrasting their employment transaction with that of relevant others in terms of perceived fairness. People often compare themselves to others who they have close interpersonal links with, like friends and/or those doing the same work or those who are the same gender and educational level, rather than to others who are different from them.
Here, Joe and Chelsea are doing the same work yet Joe is receiving less pay. Hence, he is probable to feel negative inequity as he is being underpaid.
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the following expenditures relate to machinery purchased by callabasas manufacturing: purchase price$ 16,000 transportation costs800 installation500 testing2,000 repair of part broken during shipment300 at what amount should callabasas capitalize the machinery?
At $19,300 Callabasas should capitalize the machinery. All expenses incurred to bring an asset to a usable state are capitalized as part of the asset.
What percentage of the equipment's cost should be capitalized?
All expenses incurred to bring an asset to a usable state are capitalized as part of the asset. They include installation costs, labor charges if it needs to be built, transportation costs, and so on. Capitalized costs are initially recorded at their historical cost on the balance sheet.
amount to capitalize the machinery= purchase price+ transportation costs+ installation + testing
16000+800+500+200= $19,300
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4. if the partnership purchases the withdrawing partner's interest, the assets and the owners' equity of the partnership are reduced by the book value. the market value. the purchase price. none of these choices are correct.
The equity of the partnership are reduced by the purchase price.
The required details about purchase price is mentioned in below paragraph.
The sum an investor pays for an investment is referred to as the purchase price, and that amount becomes the investor's cost basis for determining gain or loss when the investment is sold. Any commission or sales fees paid for the investment are included in the purchase price, and the weighted average cost is applied when buying the same asset more than once. Therefore, in order to calculate the quantity of inventory acquisitions, the following procedures are needed: Get the initial and ending inventories' combined values, as well as the cost of the goods sold. Between the starting and ending inventories, subtract one. The cost of goods sold enlarges the gap between ending and beginning inventories.
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Prior to the great depression, most economists believed that a recessionary downturn would be reversed by?.
Recessionary downturn that caused by great depression would be reversed by lower wages that would increase the quantity of labor demanded. Lower wages also would increase the reduced unemployment.
A recession simply can be defined as a significant decline in economic activity spread across the market, lasting more than a few months, normally visible in real GDP, industrial production, real income, employment, and wholesale-retail sales. If there is a widespread drop in spending, it can caused recession. Recession can make a significant impact for our daily lives, such as increasing the price of goods.
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the consumption function in the solow model assumes that society saves a: constant proportion of income. smaller proportion of income as it becomes richer. larger proportion of income as it becomes richer. larger proportion of income when the interest rate is higher.
Consumption function in the solow model assumes that society saves constant proportion of income. It can be seen from the formula of consumption function in solow model.
The consumption function in economics can be defined as a relationship between consumption and disposable income. The concept of consumption function has been introduced by John Maynard Keynes in 1936 into macroeconomics.
The formula of consumption function in solow model is:
C = (1-s)Y
Which C represent consumption and Y represent output, and also s is represent constant proportion.
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Josie is a teenage girl who wants to start a jewelry-making business. Her target market is females, ages 10-14. What price should she charge per necklace that she sells?.
Josie target demographic is females ages 10 to 14, since he creates a affordable price range for children since target market
A target market is defined as.
A segment of a company's available market is its target market.
Due to the fact that no company has unlimited marketing resources or cash for advertising, marketing efforts and resources are often focused on the target market.
2. Josie should charge A for each necklace given her target demographic of females between the ages of 10 and 14. ranging from one to 10 bucks.
3. Because the data are descriptive without numerical measurement, the focus group organized to gather opinions for a target market is producing qualitative data.
4. The internet article about European fashion trends that was utilized to choose the inventory for a tiny boutique employed quantitative data.
What kinds of data are there?
The following four broad categories can be used to classify data:
Nominal data
Regular data
Data that is discrete and continuous.
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Dividing a market into smaller segments of buyers with distinct needs or behaviors that might require separate marketing strategies is known as __________.
Segmentation.
Segmentation is the process of breaking a market into smaller groups of consumers with different wants, traits, or behaviors that may call for separate services.
What does the process of segmenting a market entail?The process of segmenting a market of potential customers into groups or segments depending on various qualities is known as market segmentation. Consumers that have characteristics like similar hobbies, requirements, or geographic areas and who will react similarly to marketing efforts make up the segments.The four primary categories of market segmentation are thought to be geographic, psychographic, behavioral, and demographic; however, there are many other tactics you can employ, as well as countless variants on the four primary types.Market segmentation is a marketing technique that involves identifying certain customer groups in order to deliver particular goods or product lines to them in a way that appeals to their preferences.To learn more about Segmentation refer to:
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the process of determining an organization's basic mission and long-term objectives and then implementing a plan of action for pursuing this missionand attaining these objectives is known as
Strategic management, then, is the process of carrying out a plan to achieve these kinds of goals.
The process of identifying an organization's long-term mission and objective is known as strategic management. It essentially consists of organizing the analyses, administration, and planning necessary to achieve the main goal.
The main focus of strategic management is on developing plans of action that managers may employ to effectively accomplish their objectives.
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the capital-to-labor ratio is: question 26 options: a) high in rich countries. b) high in poor countries. c) the ratio of managers to workers. d) a key element in decreasing real wages.
The capital-to-labor ratio is high in rich countries. The investor-analyst can determine if automation technology has been used to replace labor-intensive operations by looking at the capital to labor ratio.
Labor is simpler to change in the near term than the capital stock. As businesses lay off employees during recessions, capital to labor ratios tend to be greater. The corporation may be reducing manufacturing costs in this way to maintain its competitiveness or boost gross profits. The investor analyst should monitor this indicator for a sizable period of time.
As labor expenses (in the denominator) rise faster than fixed assets (in the numerator) are used up, the ratio will often go smaller over time. When a work is automated by the corporation, the ratio will quickly rise as the denominator (direct labor) falls and the numerator (fixed assets) rises. When labor costs are high, businesses will try to replace capital with labor.
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if you are holding two identical bonds, except that one matures in 10 years and the other matures in 5 years, which bond's price will be more sensitive to interest rate risk?
The 10 year bond will be more sensitive to interest rate risk. The amount of interest due each period expressed as a percentage of the amount lent, deposited, or borrowed is known as an interest rate.
What is Interest rate?The amount of interest due each period expressed as a percentage of the amount lent, deposited, or borrowed is known as an interest rate. The total interest on a loaned or borrowed sum is determined by the principal amount, the interest rate, the frequency of compounding, and the period of time the loan, deposit, or borrowing was made.
An interest rate indicates how expensive borrowing is or how lucrative saving is. Therefore, if you are a borrower, the interest rate is the sum you pay for borrowing money and is expressed as a percentage of the overall loan amount.
With the help of the interest rate formula, we can calculate the interest rate, which is the percentage of the principle sum that the lender or bank would charge the borrower in exchange for using its assets or money for a given period of time. Interest Rate = (Simple Interest 100)/(Principal Time) is the formula for calculating interest rates.
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in monaco, a market basket of goods and services cost $130 in 2017, $140 in 2018, and $160 in 2019. based on this information, and assuming 2017 is the base year, the price index in 2019 was:
The price index is the weighted average of the price of goods and services of a particular year relative to the base year. It is used to measure the general price level.
The price index of 2019 was $123.07.
It is given that cost of goods and services in 2017 was $130
In 2018, it was $140 and in 2019, it was $160.
The year 2017 was assumed to be the base year.
To calculate the price index, we take price of goods and services of a particular year and divide it by the price of goods and services of the base year.
Thus,
Price index = (Price in particular year÷Price in base year)×100
Price index = (price in 2019÷price in2017) ×100
= ($160÷$130) ×100
= 1.2307×100
=$123.07
Thus, the price index in 2019 was $123.07
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yusef has just finished compiling a list of potential customers and evaluating their ability, willingness, and authority to buy. he knows his next step in the personal selling process is to
Yusef has just finished gathering a list of prospective clients and assessing their capacity, eagerness, and authorization to purchase. The pre approach is his next move in the personal selling process, he is aware of this.
What is a marketing strategy?A marketing strategy is a company's overarching plan for connecting with prospective consumers and persuading them to purchase its services or products. A marketing plan typically includes the value proposition of the company, key brand messages, data on target customer demographics, and other significant elements.
The 4 Ps of marketing—product, pricing, place, and promotion—are covered in-depth in a marketing strategy.
A well-defined marketing strategy should center on the firm's value proposition, which tells customers what the company stands for, how it operates, and why it deserves their business.
This creates a structure for marketing teams to adopt when they create strategies for all of the company's products and services.
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what type of mutual fund has the stated objective to invest in securities of u.s.-domiciled entities, as well as those domiciled in foreign countries?
Equity funds are the most popular .
What are different type of mutual funds ?
Target date funds, money market funds, bond funds, and stock funds are the four primary categories into which most mutual funds fit. Features, dangers, and benefits vary depending on the kind.
Risks associated with money market funds are minimal. According to the legislation, they are only permitted to invest in a limited number of high-quality, short-term securities issued by American businesses and national, state, and municipal governments.
Due to the fact that they often seek to generate bigger returns, bond funds carry more risks than money market funds. The risks and benefits of bond funds can vary greatly because there are several different kinds of bonds.
Stock funds purchase shares of public companies. There are variations among stock funds.
Growth funds concentrate on equities with the potential for greater financial gains than average but may not pay a monthly dividend.
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if market price is $60, how many units of output will the firm produce? 2 a. zero units of output because the firm shuts down. b. 1 unit of output. c. 2 units of output. d. 3 units of output. e. none of the above
If market price is $60, how many units of output will the firm produce : none of the mentioned choices are correct.
Define market price.Market price is regarded as the price at which a good or service can be purchased or sold in particular period. The dynamics of demand and supply have an impact on a good or service's market pricing. The cost at which the quantity supplied and the amount wanted are equal is known as the market price.
In order to evaluate consumer as well as economic surplus, the market price is utilized. The difference between the highest price a consumer is prepared to pay and the actual price they pay for the good is known as customer surplus, often referred to as the market price. Two related concepts of consumer and producer surplus are referred to as economic surplus. Producer surplus, often known as profit, is the sum that producers make when they sell their goods at the going rate. Consumer surplus and producer surplus together make up economic surplus.
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what is the flushing time in relationship to an estuary? multiple choice question. the average time needed for the estuary to achieve a balanced water budget the time it takes for the estuary to empty during a low spring tide the time it takes for the estuary to exchange its water
The turnover time of fresh water in an estuary, or the amount of time needed to replace the fresh water already present in the estuary with freshwater intake, is commonly understood to be the flushing time of an estuary.
The amount of freshwater an estuary contains in relation to the overall pace of freshwater intake is what determines how long it takes for it to flush. As freshwater inflow rises, flushing time lowers. Calculations of the estuary's volume, volume-weighted average salinity, and salinity beyond the seaward boundary can be used to determine the flushing time.
The freshwater replacement approach is what it is known as. By injecting a conservative tracer, such dye, into the freshwater inflow at a constant concentration until the mass or average concentration of tracer in the estuary at a specific tide stage achieves equilibrium, flushing time can also be calculated. Concentrations will roughly drop exponentially as tracer is flushed from the estuary after tracer input is stopped.
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