Aldol condensation is an easy way of making carbon-carbon bond.
In the field of chemistry, we can describe aldol condensation as a type of bond that occurs due to electrophilic substitution at the alpha carbons of the enol.
Aldol condensation is known to be the easiest way for one carbon to form bonds with another carbon.
Such an aldol reaction that takes place between carbonyl compunds instead of aldehydes or enols is referred to as crossed aldol condensation.
Aldol reactions are known to be an important part of synthesizing organic compounds as carbon-carbon bonds are formed due to it.
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based on the reconstructed temperatures you saw and changes in solar irradiance and co2 concentrations over the past millennium, what century do you expect to have the largest simulated temperatures from the gcms?
20th century was expected to have the largest simulated temperature from the gas chromatography mass spectrometry.
What is temperature and gcms and what century had largest temperatures from gcms?Temperature is the measure of degree of hotness and coldness wither of a substance or a region.Gcms is gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is a complex analysis phenomena in which first gas samples are analyzed first.The sample of solid, liquid and gas are taken and in case of liquid the sample is vapourized to detect the presence of substance.Here the question is asking which century had most temperature from gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.Hence 20th century was supposed to have maximum temperature from gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.To know more about temperature visit:
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What would have been the effects of using a pair of large balloons rather than one small and one large in the shapes made from a total of 4, 5 and 6 balloons?.
The effects of using a pair of large balloons
Number 4=Tetrahedral,normally= 109.5
Number 5: Triangular bipyramidal,normally= 120 and 90
Number 6: Octahedral, normally= 90
What would have been the effects of using a pair of large balloons rather than one small and one large in the shapes made from a total of 4, 5, and 6 balloons?The binding angles wouldn't be the same. The figures are distorted because there are balloons of various sizes. It resembles how a triangle's side changes in size. The angles (60) are equal while all the sides are the same length, but when a side length (or, in this example, balloon size) is changed, the uniformity of the angle measurements is messed up.
for
Number 4=Tetrahedral,
normally= 109.5
Number 5: Triangular bipyramid
normally= 120 and 90
Number 6: Octahedral
normally= 90
Why does a balloon load with helium deflate so much more quickly than one filled with air?due to the fact that helium molecules are substantially smaller than the nitrogen and oxygen molecules that make up the majority of the air. As a result, helium will leak through connections and seals considerably more quickly than usual, as well as through the rubber used to produce ordinary balloons. It struggles to pass through mylar balloons that have been aluminized.
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Energy transfers between particles when they ______?
Energy transfers between particles when they collide.
When the particles collide they vibrate and energy get transferred between the particles. The particles that made matter are in constant motion and have high kinetic energy. kinetic energy is equal to heat. Energy is the ability to do work. When energy moves from one place to another place we can say that energy is transferred . so in case of particle s, particles are in continuous motion and colloid with each other and when the particles collide with each other the energy transfer between particles takes place.
Thus, Energy transfers between particles when they collide.
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An instructor has a jar of sulfur that contains 16 grams. The students are asked how many sulfur atoms are in the jar. Four students give the following responses:
Arlo says, "There are 1/2 times Avogadro's number of sulfur atoms in the jar."
Bob says, "There are sixteen sulfur atoms in the jar."
Celine says, "There are two times Avogadro's number of atoms in the jar."
Delbert says, "There are sixteen times Avogardro's number of atoms in the jar."
With which, if any, of these three students do you agree:
Arlo,
Bob,
Celine,
Delbert, or
I don't think any of these students are correct
The student with the correct statement is Arlo.
How to determine the number of atomsFirst, we shall determine the mole of sulphur in the jar. This can be obtained as follow:
Mass of sulphur = 16 gramsMolar mass of sulphur = 32 g/moleMole of sulphur =?Mole = mass / molar
Mole of sulphur = 16 / 32
Mole of sulphur = 1/2 mole
Finally, we shall determine the number of atoms in the jar. This can be obotained as follow:
From Avogadro's hypothesis,
1 mole of sulphur = 6.02×10²³ atoms
Therefore,
1/2 mole of sulphur = 1/2 × 6.02×10²³ atoms
1/2 mole of sulphur = 1/2 × Avogadro's number
Thus, the number of sulphur atom is 1/2 times Avogadro's number
Therefore, Arlo is correct.
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an open flask sitting in a lab refrigerator looks empty, but it is actually filled with a mixture of gases called air. if the flask volume is 4.50 l, and the air is at standard temperature and pressure, how many gaseous molecules does the flask contain?
At standard temperature and pressure, the number of gaseous molecules that the flask contains is equal to 1.2098 × 10^23.
According to the given data, the volume of the flask is equal to 4.50 L.
As the volume occupied by one mole of any gas at standard temperature and pressure is 22.4 liters, therefore the number of moles in the flask can be calculated as follows;
n = 4.5 ÷ 22.4
n = 0.2009
As one mole is equal to 6.02 × 10^23 units
The number of gaseous molecules in the flask can be calculated as follows;
0.2009 × ( 6.02 × 10^23 ) = 1.2098 × 10^23
Hence, the number of gaseous molecules in the flask is calculated to be 1.2098 × 10^23.
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Draw a carboxylic acid that results from the hydrolysis of glyceryl tributyrate. Include only one carboxylic acid product in your answer
Glyceryl tributyrate will react with 3 mol of water and form a glycerol and 3 mol of carboxylic acid.
if the rate of reaction increases by a factor of 9.6 when the concentration of reactant increases by a factor of 3.1, what is the order of the reaction with respect to this reactant?
If the rate of reaction increases by a factor of 9.6 when the concentration of reactant increases by a factor of 3.1 then order of the reaction with respect to this reactant is 1/3
Rate of reaction is the speed at which a chemical reaction proceeds
Here given data is
Rate of reaction = 9.6
Concentration of reactant = 3.1
We have to calculate order of the reaction = ?
So we can write
R = K[C]ⁿ
Where R is the reaction rate and K is a constant
Here C is the concentration of the reactant
rate of reaction increases by a factor of 9.6 when the concentration of reactant increases by a factor of 3.1 then
9.6 = K× [3.1]ⁿ
Dividing this equation we get
1/9.6 = 1/3.1ⁿ
3n = 1
n = 1/3
Then the order of the reaction with respect to this reactant is 1/3
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aufbau states that you must fill the lowest energy orbital available before you can fill the next, but we have observed that atoms will fill their 4s orbitals before filling their 3d orbitals. how can we explain this?
Aufbau states that you must fill the lowest energy orbital 3d before 4s but we fill 4s before 3d because 3d orbitals have slightly more energy than 4s orbitals.
In atomic theory and quantum mechanics, an atomic orbital is a feature describing the location and wave-like conduct of an electron in an atom. This feature may be used to calculate the possibility of locating any electron of an atom in any specific location across the atom's nucleus.
An atomic orbital is a mathematical term in atomic concept and quantum mechanics that describes the location and wavelike behavior of an electron in an atom. Most of the electrons, each with its own spin quantum quantity s, will occupy every one of these orbitals.
Orbital holds electrons that range in an asset called spin. Orbital: A area of space within an atom in which an electron in a given subshell can be found. Any orbital can preserve most of the 2 electrons with contrary spin. the primary shell has one 1s orbital and holds 2 electrons.
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If 1. 00 kg of zn reacted with excess sulfur, how much energy would be released?.
The energy that is going to release in Zn-sulfur reaction is 3168.92 kJ.
The chemical equation of the given Zn-sulfur reaction is :
Zn + S →Zn + 205.98 kJ
The molar mass of the zinc is 65 g.
1 mole is equivalent to 65 g of zinc which means the amount of energy released by 1.00 kg zinc is :
1 kg = 1000 g
Now,
205.98/65 g × 1000g
= 3168.92 kJ
The total energy released is 3168.92 kJ.
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after completing the experiment, a student extracts a sample of calcium carbonate with a mass of 0.818 grams from an antacid tablet that claims to have 1000 mg of calcium carbonate. what is the percent error in this student's experiment? round your answer to two decimal places. correct! 18.2
After calculating the percent error and rounding it to two decimal places, the result obtained is 18.20%.
To calculate the percent error we need to calculate the absolute error first. This is done by subtracting the actual value (1000 mg) from the measured value (0.818 g = 818 mg):
818 mg - 1000 mg = -182 mg
We then divide the absolute value of that difference (182 mg) by the actual value (1000 mg).
182 mg / 1000 mg = 0.182
This result is then multiplied by 100 percent and rounded to two decimal places:
0.182 * 100% = 18.20%
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1. What is cooking popcorn in an air popper?
A. Conduction
B. Radiation
C. Convection
2. What is a hot air balloon rising into the sky?
A. Conduction
B. Radiation
C. Convection
3. What is Roasting a marshmallow over a flame?
A. Conduction
B. Radiation
C. Convection
4. What is Chocolate melting in your hand?
A. Conduction
B. Radiation
C. Convection
5. What is steam rising from a cup of coffee?
A. Conduction
B. Radiation
C. Convection
For the answers please just put something like 7A or 1D thank you for your time.
AConduction
B. Radiation
C. Convection
nswer:
Explanation:
Which form of energy can be connected closely to climate change?
a) coal
b) wind
c) hydroelectric
d) solar
Answer:
coal
Explanation:
What Is the ionic equation for 4HCl (aq) + MnO₂ (s) -> MnCl₂ (aq) + 2H₂O (l) + Cl₂ (g)?
Answer:
Explanation:
answer is below
how many Ca moles are there in 6.2 g of Ca3(PO4)2 ?
According to the mole concept, there are 0.02 moles in 6.2 g of calcium phosphate.
What is mole concept?According to mole concept,mole is defined as the unit of amount of substance . It is the quantity measure of amount of substance of how many elementary particles are present in a given substance.
It is defined as exactly 6.022×10²³ elementary entities. The elementary entity can be a molecule, atom ion depending on the type of substance. Amount of elementary entities in a mole is called as Avogadro's number.
It is widely used in chemistry as a suitable way for expressing amounts of reactants and products.For the practical purposes, mass of one mole of compound in grams is approximately equal to mass of one molecule of compound measured in Daltons. Molar mass has units of gram per mole . In case of molecules, where molar mass in grams present in one mole of atoms is its atomic mass.
In the given problem, number of moles is found out by, mass/molar mass
that is,6.2/310= 0.02 moles.
Hence, there are 0.02 moles in 6.2 g of calcium phosphate.
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Now read the question sooner passes an electric current through a sample of clear odorless colorless liquid as the experiment continues bubbles form and the volume of liquid and decreases soon eclectic samples of two colorless odorless gases that bubble out of the liquid one of these gases burn neither of neither the original nor the other gas burns which is the best explanation of her results
The best explanation will be that the sample was broken down by the electric current and formed a new substance that could burn. Therefore, the original liquid is a compound.
The utilization of the electric current to break down substances is called electrolysis.
The case displayed is the same as the electrolysis of water: the electrical current breaks down the water (a compound) into the components that frame it: hydrogen (a gas that burns) and oxygen (a gas that does not burn).
The test was broken down by the electric current and shaped into an unused substance that seems to burn. Hence the initial fluid may be a compound.
Bypassing an electric current through a test of clear, colorless, and odorless fluid. As the trial proceeds, bubbles shape, and the volume of fluid diminishes.
As the test proceeds, bubbles shape, and the volume of fluid diminishes. Suna collects tests of two colorless, odorless gasses that bubble out of the fluid. One of the gasses burns. Not one or the other the first fluid nor the other gas burns.
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1. State the general period and group trends among
main-group elements with respect to each of the
following properties:
a. atomic radii
b. first ionization energy
c. electron affinity
d. ionic radii
e. electronegativity
2. a. In general, how do the periodic properties of
the d-block elements compare with those of
the main-group elements?
b. Explain the comparison made in (a).
3. For each main-group element, what is the
relationship between its group number and
the number of valence electrons that the group
members have?
PLEASE HELP FAST
Answer:
What is class??
Explanation:
please tell the topic
QUESTION 1How many molecules of C6H12O6 are in 200. grams of C6H1206?
To find the number of molecules we must apply for Avogadro's number. This number tells us that in one mole of any substance there are 6.022x10^23 molecules. So the first thing we will do is find the moles contained in 200 grams of C6H12O6 (Glucose).
The molar mass of glucose is 180.06g/mol. So, the moles of glucose will be:
[tex]molC_6H_{12}O_6=givengC_6H_{12}O_6\times\frac{1molC_6H_{12}O_6}{MolarMass,gC_6H_{12}O_6}[/tex][tex]molC_6H_{12}O_6=200.gC_6H_{12}O_6\times\frac{1molC_6H_{12}O_6}{180.06gC_6H_{12}O_6}=1.11molC_6H_{12}O_6[/tex]Now, we apply for Avogadro's number. So, the molecules of glucose will be:
[tex]\begin{gathered} moleculesC_6H_{12}O_6=givenmolC_6H_{12}O_6\times\frac{6.022\times10^{23}molecules}{1molC_6H_{12}O_6} \\ moleculesC_6H_{12}O_6=1.11molC_6H_{12}O_6\times\frac{6.022\times10^{23}molecules}{1molC_6H_{12}O_6} \\ moleculesC_6H_{12}O_6=6.68\times10^{23}molecules \end{gathered}[/tex]Answer: In 200 grams of C6H12O6 there are 6.68x10^23 molecules
7. This question is about calculating the area.
A nanoparticle is in the shape of a cuboid.
Calculate its surface area to volume ratio.
Show working.
a
a = 80 nm
b = 15mm
c = 20nm
C
Surface area to volume ratio:
Answer:
Explanation
Finally, we can calculate the surface-area-to-volume ratio of the nanoparticle by dividing 4750 nanometers squared by 18750 nanometers cubed. It is important to place the surface area first because that is what the problem is asking us to compare.
the volume vv of an ideal gas varies directly with the temperature tt and inversely with the pressure pp . a cylinder contains oxygen at a temperature of 310310 degrees k and a pressure of 1818 atmospheres in a volume of 120120 liters. find the pressure if the volume is decreased to 9595 liters and the temperature is increased to 320320 degrees k.
The final pressure of the ideal gas is 23.47 atm.
We need to know about the ideal gas theory to solve this problem. The ideal gas is assumed that there is no interaction between particles in a gas. It can be determined by the equation
P . V = n . R . T
where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles gas, R is the ideal gas constant (8.31 J/mol.K) and T is temperature.
From the question above, we know that
V1 = 120 L
P1 = 18 atm
T1 = 310 K
V2 = 95 L
T2 = 320 K
When the initial and final gas is the same, we can use the ratio of the ideal gas as
(P2 . V2) / (P1 . V1) = T2 / T1
(P2 . 95) / (18 . 120) = 320 / 310
P2 = 23.47 atm
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If a silver ion has 47 protons and 46 electrons, what is the overall charge on the ion?
A) 0
B) +1
C) -1
How many grams of Cu are obtained by passing a current of 12 A through a solution of CuSO4 for 30 minutes?
The quantity of Cu deposited at the cathode will be 7.117 grams.
Given,
Current (in Amperes) = 12 A
This will be equal to 12 C/s (in coulombs per second).
Therefore the total charge in 30 minutes will be:
Q = 12C/s × 30 min × 60 seconds/minute
=> Q = 21600 C
Now, the number of moles of copper which are plated out (n) will be :
n = Q / z·F
In the half-cell reaction,
the number of electrons ( for Cu ) will be = 2 (Cu 2+)
F, the Faraday's constant = 96,485 per mole
We have already discussed that,
n = Q / z.F
=> n = 21600 / (2×96485)
=> n = 0.112 mol
So, 0.112 mol of Cu will be equal to:
0.112×63.546 = 7.117 g
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What do cocaine, amphetamines, caffeine, nicotine, and MDMA (ecstasy) all have in common?
Select one:
a.
They all increase the activity of the nervous system.
b.
They all cause hallucinations.
c.
They are all taken by people who want to relax or go to sleep.
d.
They are all very highly addictive both physically and psychologically.
Cocaine, amphetamines, caffeine, nicotine, and MDMA (ecstasy) have in common that they all increase the activity of the nervous system (Option a).
What are stimulant drugs?The expression stimulant drugs is used in biology and medicine to describe chemical substances that speed up the velocity in which messages are transmitted between nerve cells, which is common to caffeine, nicotine cocaine and ecstasy.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that stimulant drugs are able to increase the velocity in which messages are transmitted in the nervous system.
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If a molecule has strong intermolecular forces, would you expect for it to have a high or low vapor pressure?.
A molecule with strong intermolecular forces will have a weak or low vapor pressure.
Molecules generally with a high intermolecular force of attraction will have a low vapor pressure. This is because since the force of attraction between molecules is high as they are tightly packed, only fewer molecules will get a chance to move with kinetic energy at a given temperature.
Whereas, molecules with weak intermolecular force can travel easily and escape and so will have a greater vapor pressure. But it is not the case with strong intermolecular forces. Molecules with high vapor pressure are called volatile. Therefore, the molecules with strong intermolecular forces will have a low vapor pressure, and only that is expected to happen in such cases.
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How many Moles of H are in 5 moles of C2H4O?
How many atoms of H are in 5 moles of C2H4O?
Please help
1. The number of moles of H in 5 moles of C₂H₄O is 20 moles
2. The number of atoms of H in 5 moles of C₂H₄O is 1.20×10²⁵ atoms
1. How to determine the number of mole
The number of moles of H in 5 moles of C₂H₄O can be obtained as follow:
1 mole of C₂H₄O contains 4 moles of H
Therefore,
5 moles of C₂H₄O will contain = 5 × 4 = 20 moles of H
Thus, the number of moles of H is 20 moles
2. How to determine the number of atoms
We know from the calculation made above that 20 moles of H is present in 5 moles of C₂H₄O. Thus, we can obtain the number of atoms as follow:
From Avogadro's hypothesis,
1 mole of H = 6.02×10²³ atoms
Therefore,
20 moles of H = (20 moles × 6.02×10²³ atoms) / 1 mole
20 moles of H = 1.20×10²⁵ atoms
Thus, the number of atoms of H present is 1.20×10²⁵ atoms
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A waste management specialist for a city is designing a recycling program to reduce the amount of synthetic materials that enter the local landfill. Which of the following criteria would be best for the specialist's design? A. to make it easy for the residents of the city to recycle synthetic materials B. to keep anything made of natural materials from entering the landfill C. to make residents travel a long distance to recycle synthetic materials D. to keep residents from using anything made of synthetic materials
Option A would be the right recycling program to reduce the number of synthetic materials that enter the local landfill. Hence option A would be the suitable criteria for the specialist's design.
Option A is correct because, with the providence of the knowledge to recycle synthetic materials, there will be less waste accumulation. Hence most synthetic materials can be expected to be recycled.
Option B is wrong because restricting natural materials from entering the field will further increase the use of synthetic materials. Hence there will be more accumulation of waste.
Option C is wrong because making the residents travel long distances will be tiresome, and the outcome of disposing of them will be little.
Option D is wrong because synthetic materials are valuable in various manufacturing and widely used in our daily lives. Hence we will lose the potential benefits.
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Calculate the % Composition of the following compounds, remember that the decimal has to move 2 places at the end. (NH4)2CO3
The percent composition of (NH₄)₂CO₃ is 99.999 % ≈ 100 %.
To calculate percent composition of the elements in a compound,
the molar mass of element is divided by the molar mass of the compound and then, it is multiplied by 100.
We know that,
Molar mass of (NH₄)₂CO₃ is 96.086 g/mol.
Molar mass of each element of compound is-
Nitrogen = 2 × 14.007 g/mol = 28.014 g/mol
Hydrogen = 8 × 1.008 g/mol = 8.064 g/mol
Carbon = 1 × 12.011 g/mol = 12.011 g/mol
Oxygen = 3 × 15.999 g/mol = 47.997 g/mol
Now,
We will calculate the percent composition -
% composition of nitrogen = 28.014 g/mol × 100 = 29.155%
96.086 g/mol
% composition of hydrogen = 8.064 g/mol × 100 = 8.392%
96.086 g/mol
% composition of carbon = 12.011 g/mol × 100 = 12.500%
96.086 g/mol
% composition of oxygen = 47.997 g/mol × 100 = 49.952 %
96.086 g/mol
We will add the percentage to calculate % composition of (NH₄)₂CO₃ -
29.155 % + 8.392 % + 12.500 % + 49.952 % = 99.999% ≈ 100 %
Therefore, % composition is 99.999 % ≈ 100 %
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6. How can you use different properties and changes to identify a chemical substance? Choose all that apply.
Specific pure substances have their own unique properties.
When separating mixtures, you can use their properties to determine what separation technique is needed.
You can compare properties and changes of an unknown substance to a known one to see if they are the same or different
Different substances will have different properties and will change in different ways.
You can create classifications of substances based on their properties and/or changes.
Both physical and chemical properties can be used for identification of chemical substance and hence all the given statements are correct.
What are chemical properties?These properties are defined as those properties which become evident during or after a chemical reaction after the identity of the substance is changed during chemical reaction.
These properties cannot be determined externally just by viewing the substance ,these change immensely after a substance undergoes a chemical change.These are used for identification of unknown substances and for building up chemical classifications.
The major chemical properties are flammability,toxicity,reactivity,acidity and heat of combustion.For a chemical property to be apparent , it is necessary that the structure of the substance is altered.
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what is the molarity of a solution that contains 53.0 g of vitamin b1 hydrochloride (with a molar mass of 337 g/mol ) in 220. ml of solution? express the concentration in molarity.
The molarity of the Vitamin B1 Hydrochloride solution is 0.71M.
We know,
Molarity of a solution is defined as the ratio of the moles of the solute with respect to the volume of the solution in liters.
We know,
Moles = mass of solute dissolved/Molar mass of solute
Given mass of solute is dissolved is 53 grams.
Molar mass of Vitamin B1 Hydrochloride is 337 grams/mol
Moles of Vitamin B1 hydrochloride = 53/337
The volume of the solution is 220 ml.
We know,
1 ml = 1/1000 litres
220 ml = 220/1000 litres
So, putting all the values in the formula of molarity,
Molarity of solution = (53/337)/(220/1000)
Molarity of solution = 0.71
So, the concentration of the Vitamin B1 Hydrochloride is 0.71M.
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What reaction is used to remove one phosphate group from ATP?A. hydrolysis reactionB. redox reactionC. combustion reactionD. neutralization reaction
Answer:
A. hydrolysis reaction.
Explanation:
Chemical Reactions.
First, let's review each concept of the group of answer choices:
- hydrolysis: is a reaction in which the net reaction is an organic compound reacting with water to give either two molar equivalents of a single product or more than one product.
- redox: is a type of chemical reaction that involves a transfer of electrons between two species.
- combustion: is a reaction in which a substance reacts with oxygen gas, releasing energy in the form of light and heat.
- neutralization: is a reaction that occurs when an acid and a base react to form water and a salt and involves the combination of H+ ions and OH- ions to generate water.
The problem is asking for the reaction that removes a phosphate group from ATP, so let's see the structure of ATP with one phosphate group:
What is enclosed in the red box is the phosphate group.
The reaction that removes this phosphate group represents a rupture of the structure and based on the logic of the definitions of the given concepts, the answer would be that the reaction to remove one phosphate group from ATP is A. hydrolysis reaction. This reaction looks like this:
ATP + water (H2O) -> ADP + Pi,
where ADP is the same molecule of ATP but it has two phosphate groups and Pi is the phosphate group removed.
Figure 2 represents part of the structure of graphite.
Graphite is used as a contact in electric motors because graphite:
conducts electricity
is slippery
Explain why graphite has these properties.
Answer: Graphite is a soft lubricant and good conductor of electricity as it pi bonds.
Explanation: Brushes collect the current due to the induced emf from the armature coils. When a brush is at any particular commutator segment, it shorts out that particular coil and draws current from the rest of the coils.
If the brush is not exactly at the particular segment, say one half is in one segment and other half is in a different one, then it draws current in that proportion.
But the thing remains that, at any particular moment of time, the brushes are always shorting one coil. Now as it is a short circuit, if emf is induced in that coil, huge current will flow. To prevent this, brushes are positioned in such a way that the coil being short circuited has no induced emf in it.
Answer:
hahah
a.haahahkdog
Explanation:
the sentence is