The unit of measurement for specific heat is Joules per g times degree Celsius.
Similar to density, color, etc., specific heat is an intense feature that is independent of the amount of a substance present. This enables the use of heat specificity to identify compounds.
q = mcT, where q is the quantity of heat applied, m is the mass of the substance, c is its specific heat, and T is the temperature change.
Therefore, we can simply isolate the term in the calculation above to get c=qmT if we wish to find the units for specific heat.
We may calculate that c = JgC since heat is measured in Joules (J), mass in grams (g), and degree Celsius (C).
As a result, the unit of measurement for specific heat is Joules per g times degree Celsius.
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Hydrogen bonds do not form between two hydrogen atoms. where do hydrogen bonds form?
Hydrogen bonds do not form between two hydrogen atoms. where do hydrogen bonds form?
hydrogen bonds act between adjacent molecules and between atoms of the same molecule. hydrogen bonds form between a slight positive change on the hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond.
What is molecules?
According to the context, the term may or may not include ions that meet this requirement. A molecule is a collection of two or more atoms held together by the attractive forces known as chemical bonds.
Therefore,
Hydrogen bonds do not form between two hydrogen atoms. where do hydrogen bonds form?
hydrogen bonds act between adjacent molecules and between atoms of the same molecule. hydrogen bonds form between a slight positive change on the hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond and a slight negative charge on an oxygen atom of another polar covalent bond.
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rank the following in order to show the precipitation of halite from water. place the first event at the top and last event at the bottom.
The order to show the precipitation of halite from water are given below.
What is precipitation ?
Precipitation is the process of changing a dissolved substance from a super-saturated solution to an insoluble solid in an aqueous solution. Precipitate refers to the produced solid. The chemical agent that initiates the precipitation in an inorganic chemical process is referred to as the precipitant.
Step 1: Seawater starts to evaporate.
Step 2: Na cations and Cl anions concentrate as water molecules leave the liquid state and are left behind.
Step 3: Cl anions and Na cations move toward one another and start to bind.
Step 4: The resulting NaCl pairs join and start to form a crystal of halite, an ordered structure.
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Question:
Rank the following in order to show the precipitation of halite from water. Place the first event at the top and the last event at the bottom.
HELP ME PLEASEE!! I’m giving brainlest!!!
(a) When electrons are in their lowest energy state, we say that they are in _________.
(b) Sometimes, when ________ energy such as ________ or electricity is applied to the atom, the electrons absorb energy and transition to an _________ state.
(c) The electrons can not sustain this higher energy state for so long, so eventually ________ occurs.
(d) As a result, the electrons release energy in the form of a ______ and return back to ____.
(e) The jump between the high energy state to a lower energy state is called a _________.
(a) Ground State
(b) higher energy , excited state
(c) unstability
(d) light , ground state
(e) excited state absorption
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Explain how the polarity of the eluent affects the movement of a compound on a tlc plate.
This is because the eluting strength of a solvent polarity is essentially connected to how firmly it adsorbs onto the adsorbent.
What is tlc plate?
A TLC plate is a piece of glass, metal, or plastic that has been lightly covered with a solid adsorbent (usually silica or alumina). The bottom of this plate has a little space where the combination to be tested will be placed.
Thin Layer Chromatography TLC is a method that is frequently employed in synthetic chemistry to identify compounds, assess their purity, and monitor the course of a reaction. Additionally, it enables the optimization of the solvent system for a specific separation issue.
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At what temperature will water change from a liquid to a solid (freeze)?
Answer:
32 degrees
Explanation:
Answer:
Water changes to Ice at 0 degree celcius
Explanation:
Hope it helps!!!
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If a reaction takes several days to occur without an enzyme how quickly can it occur with an enzyme.
If a reaction takes several days to occur without an enzyme it can occur in a few seconds with an enzyme.
What are enzymes?Enzymes are proteins that hasten chemical reactions and act as biological catalysts. The substances which are known as substrates that interact with enzymes, and the enzyme changes the substrates into products, which are other molecules. The majority of cellular metabolic activities must use enzyme catalysis to go forward at rates fast enough to sustain life. An enzyme is a type of biological catalyst that is typically always a protein. It quickens or fastens the particular certain chemical process in the cell. During this reaction, the enzyme is continuously used and is not destroyed.Thus, If a reaction takes several days to occur without an enzyme it can occur in a few seconds with an enzyme.
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What is the charge on oxygen (O) when it forms an ion? a 1+ b 1− c 2+ d 2−
Answer:
d. 2-
when it forms an ion.
Explanation:
Melting is a phase change in which the molecules involved experience _ in kinetic energy and _ on potential energy.
a) no change; no change
b) no change; an increase
c) a decrease; no change
Answer:
b) no change; an increase
Explanation:
Kinetic energy does not change but potential energy increases at melting point.
The density of aluminum is 2.7 g/cm3. what is the density in kilograms per cubic meter?
The density of aluminum 2.7 g/cm3 in kilograms per cubic meter is 2700 [tex]kg/m^{3}[/tex] .
A substance's density is defined as its mass per unit of volume. Density is most frequently represented by the symbol, however Latin letter D may also be used. The formula for density is mass divided by volume:
ρ = M/V
where m is the mass and V is the volume.
The kilogramme is equal to one gramme divided by one thousand.
So, (2.7/1)×(1000000/1000)
= 2700 [tex]kg/m^{3}[/tex]
Therefore, the density of aluminum 2.7 g/cm3 in kilograms per cubic meter is 2700 [tex]kg/m^{3}[/tex] .
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a p orbital has regions or lobes of high electron probability, on either side of the nucleus. each principal quantum level from n
A "p" orbital has two regions or lobes of high electron probability, on either side of the nucleus. This gives the orbital a dum---bbell shape with a nodal plane or region of zero electron density at the nucleus.
What is an orbital?The term orbital refers to a region of electron density. It is the region where it is possible to find an electron in the nucleus. Note that the atom is composed of electrons, protons and neutrons. The electrons are found in the shells while the protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus.
The quantum numbers are describe the position of an electron in an atom. There are flour sets of quantum numbers and one of them is the orbital quantum numbers which describes the orbital where the electron is found. Various orbitals. have various shapes and appearances which determines the number of electrons that they can contain.
A "p" orbital has two regions or lobes of high electron probability, on either side of the nucleus. This gives the orbital a dum--bbell shape with a nodal plane or region of zero electron density at the nucleus.
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Missing parts;
A "p" orbital has _______ regions or lobes of high electron probability, on either side of the nucleus. This gives the orbital a dum--+bbell shape with a(n) _______ or region of zero electron density at the nucleus.
Catalyzes the first step in preparing galactose for glycolysis.
a. galactose 1-phosphate
b. galactokinase
c. galactase
d. glucokinase
e. none of these
The correct answer is d) none of these. Hexokinase is catalyzed to produce glycolysis.
Glycolysis is the process by which glucose is broken down to produce energy. It produces water, NADH, ATP, and two pyruvate molecules. It affects both anaerobic and aerobic organisms (cell doesn't require oxygen for the process).As the initial step in getting galactose ready for glycolysis, galactokinase catalyses the conversion of galactose into galactose-1-phosphate.When glucose-1-phosphate and galactose-1-phosphate from UDP-glucose switch places, UDP-galactose is produced.When an epimerase converts UDPgalactose back into UDP-glucose, the cycle is over. On each cycle turn, one glucose-1-phosphate is released and one galactose-1-phosphate is ingested.When galactose conversion enzymes are inadequate, galactose builds up. When there is too much galactose present, the sugar alcohol galactitol is formed.Learn more about Cytoplasm here:
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once fermentation completed, a hydrometer of a stout indicated a specific gravity of 1.15. what is the liquid's specific weight? express your answer in si units.
Once fermentation completed, a hydrometer of a stout indicated a specific gravity of 1.15.
Specific gravity = density of liquid/ density of water at 4°C
= mass of liquid/(volume*density of water)
specific weight = mass = 1150 kg.
What is specific gravity?
The ratio of a substance's density to that of water at a certain temperature is what is known as specific gravity, which is also sometimes known as relative gravity, which is a dimensionless quantity (has no unit). Since water has the maximum density at 4°C, 1000 kg/m3, in SI system. this temperature is frequently used as a benchmark.
The ratio of weight to volume is referred to as specific weight. In addition, the relationship between density and gravitational acceleration can be used to define specific weight. Contrary to density, specific weight depends on the gravitational acceleration (g), whose magnitude changes with altitude and latitude.
Specific gravity = density of liquid/ density of water at 4°C
= mass of liquid/(volume*density of water)
Thus specific weight = mass = 1150 kg.
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which of the following compounds is neither an acid or a base? group of answer choices sodium nitrate sodium hydroxide hclo3 ch4
Among the following compounds, Sodium nitrate and CH₄ are neither an acid nor a base.
Sodium nitrate is an alkali metal salt which is made from the neutralization of a strong base (NaOH) with a strong acid (HNO₃). It has a pH value equal to 7. Therefore, sodium nitrate is neutral.
CH₄ has a neutral pH, of around 7. If a substance is acidic in nature, it must contain in the form where that can be released into water. But CH₄ is not acidic or basic as all the four hydrogen are bound tightly to the carbon atom and cannot be released, i.e., CH₄ has all of its valence electrons in bonding pair and bonding pairs are too stable to donate under normal conditions.
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Your tank of alkali fish needs a ph of 8, and the ph is 6 at present. what should you do to the h concentration?
To obtain pH 8, multiply the [H+] concentration at pH 6 by 0.01
How to determine the hydrogen ion concentration, [H+] at pH 8From the question given above, the following data were obtained:
pH = 8Hydrogen ion concentration [H+] =?pH = –Log [H+]
8 = –Log [H+]
Multiply through by –1
–8 = Log [H+]
Take the anti-log of –8
[H+] = anti-log (–8)
[H+] = 1×10⁻⁸ M
How to determine the hydrogen ion concentration, [H+] at pH 6pH = 8Hydrogen ion concentration [H+] =?pH = –Log [H+]
6 = –Log [H+]
Multiply through by –1
–6 = Log [H+]
Take the anti-log of –6
[H+] = anti-log (–6)
[H+] = 1×10⁻⁶ M
Comparison of [H+] at pH 6 and pH 8[H+] at pH 6 = 1×10⁻⁶ M[H+] at pH 8 = 1×10⁻⁸ M[H+] at pH 8 / [H+] at pH 6 = 1×10⁻⁸ / 1×10⁻⁶
[H+] at pH 8 / [H+] at pH 6 = 0.01
Cross multiply
[H+] at pH 8 = 0.01 × [H+] at pH 6
Thus, to obtain pH 8, multiply the [H+] at pH 6 by 0.01
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Statement
1. Angelfish has swirl patterns of black and white
2. Angelfish swimming in large schools
3. Male parrotfish 1.3 meters in length
4. Male parrotfish has large scales and scar near base of
tail fin
5. Scar on parrotfish may have been caused by a bite from
another fish
6. Brain coral over 2 meters in circumference
7. Parrotfish is afraid of brain coral because the fish will
not touch the coral
3. Sea anemone have purple tipped tentacles
9. My hand brushed up against sea anemone tentacle and
it began to hurt
10. Sea anemone tentacles have an average length of 7 cm
11. Most of the sand near the coral reef has been washed
away by the tide
12. Few divers visit this coral reef because there is no litter
near it
Inference
Quantitative Qualitative
Observation Observation
Quantitative Qualitative
Male parrotfish 1.3 meters in length
Brain coral over 2 meters in circumference
Sea anemone tentacles have an average length of 7 cm
Qualitative
Angelfish has swirl patterns of black and white
Angelfish swimming in large schools
Male parrotfish has large scales and scar near base of
tail fin
Scar on parrotfish may have been caused by a bite from
another fish
Parrotfish is afraid of brain coral because the fish will
not touch the coral
Sea anemone have purple tipped tentacles
My hand brushed up against sea anemone tentacle and
it began to hurt
Most of the sand near the coral reef has been washed
away by the tide
Few divers visit this coral reef because there is no litter
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How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are there in a neutral atom of 6060 co (cobalt- 6060 )?
Cobalt-60 is composed of 27 protons, 33 neutrons, and 27 electrons.
Atom is neutral why?Atom which is heavy have more neutrons than protons, but the number of electrons in an atom is always equal to the number of protons in an atom. So an atom is electrically neutral.
Why is the charge on electron is negative?Electrons are negative as they behave in an electric field. In an electric field, an electron will move from the negative pole to the positive pole , by convention it becomes a negative charge.
Are electrons neutral?Electrons are atomic particle with a negative charge. Protons are atomic particle with a positive charge. Protons are bind together in an atom's nucleus because of strong nu-cleric force.Neutrons are the atomic particles which are neutrally charged.
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The covalent bonds linking distant cysteine amino acid residues in protien tertiary structures true or false?.
The assertion it is true that ' the covalent bonds linking distant cysteine amino acid residues in protein tertiary structures .
In the tertiary structure, a protein disulfide isomerase forms a disulfide link between the two -SH groups when two cysteines are placed near together . The disulfide bond can be regarded as a component of the polypeptide of amino acid , which makes up the fundamental structure of proteins , due to its nature .
Cysteine plays a clear role in the tertiary structure of protein s. These residues build disulfide bridges that connect the polypeptide chain fragments , some of which are situated widely apart from one another in terms of their fundamental structure .
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You have a pcr template sample containing 100 molecules of dsdna. if you ran 5 pcr cycles, what is the highest number of molecules you could have?
Answer:
500
Explanation:
because it is
Why is it so difficult to control the alkylation of primary amines in an sn2-type reaction manifold? select the best answer.
The products of the first and second alkylation event are still very active alkylation agents.
What is meant by Amine alkylation?An organic reaction between an alkyl halide and an amine or ammonia is known as amine alkylation (amino-dehalogenation). A higher substituted amine is the reaction's end product, and the reaction is known as nucleophilic aliphatic substitution (of the halide).A tertiary alkyl cation is added to an olefin in a conventional paraffin (alkane)-olefin (alkene) alkylation, which is an acid-catalyzed process. It is produced from an isoalkane (through hydride abstraction). The isobutane-ethylene alkylation reaction, which results in 2,3-dimethylbutane, is an illustration of such a reaction.The term "Friedel-Crafts Alkylation" describes the substitution of an alkyl group for an aromatic proton. This is accomplished by using a carbocation to conduct an electrophilic assault on the aromatic ring. Alkyl halides are used as reactants in the Friedel-Crafts alkylation process, which produces alkylbenzenes.The primary amine produced can also interact with the alkyl halide to produce a disubstituted amine, which can then interact with another substance to produce a trisubstituted amine. Alkylation of ammonia results in a variety of compounds as a result.Why is it so difficult to control the alkylation of primary amines in an sn2-type reaction manifold?
The products of the first and second alkylation event are still very active alkylation agents.
Primary and secondary formed amines by alkylation have more nucleophilic N (+I of alkyl group) which can further react with alkyl halide to give alkylation. Thus the reaction gives tertiary and quaternary amines.
Explanation:
The alkylation of ammonia during the manufacture of amine prevents the synthesis of secondary and tertiary amine. The Carbyl Amine Test is used to test it.
Because they react with alcoholic KOH, secondary and tertiary amine production fails to pass the carbylamine test.
The carbbylamine test is a test for identifying primary amines.
In this heating, an amine is present while the substance is being heated with chloroform in a basic solution.
It can be detected by the isocyanide's distinctively bad odor.
A positive carbylamine test will be produced by primary amines such isopropyl amine.
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what were the shortcomings of mendeleev's periodic table?
If the solute concentration for a particular molecule inside of the cell is 100mm and the concentration for this same molecule is 10mm, water will move?
If the solute concentration for a particular molecule inside of the cell is 100mm and the concentration for this same molecule is 10mm, water will move into the cell.
What is osmosis?
Osmosis is the naturally occurring net movement or diffusion of solvent molecules over a selectively permeable membrane from an area of high water potential to a region of low water potential, in a manner that attempts to balance the solute concentrations on the two sides.
Both osmosis and diffusion are passive transport processes, which means they don't need any additional energy to take place. Particles transfer from a region of higher concentration to one of lower concentration through osmosis and diffusion, respectively.
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The reaction of a(n) _____ with an alcohol cannot be used to prepare an ester. group of answer choices acid halide carboxylic acid acid anhydride amide
The reaction of an amide with alcohol cannot be used to prepare an ester.
Ester can be defined as a compound that is achieved by the reaction of ternary acid with a chemical compound having -OH(hydroxide) as the functional group.
The amides generally do not react with alcohol because the amides have poor leaving group properties so the preparation of esters is not possible.
The acid halides undergo a nucleophilic substitution reaction with alcohol which results in the formation of the ester with HCL as the by-product.
Fischer esterification is a process that uses an acid catalyst to prepare esters from the reaction of carboxylic acid and alcohol. The hydroxide bond of carboxylic acid and the hydrogen bond of the alcohol is broken and react to form water resulting in esterification.
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describe how infrared spectroscopy could be used to determine when the addition of br2 to 1-pentene had gone to completion.
C-H sp2 and C=C double bond stretching bonds will disappear.
what is Infrared spectroscopy?The examination of infrared light's interactions with molecules is known as infrared spectroscopy. It's frequently utilized to find numerous bonds and functional groups in both organic and inorganic compounds.
Each compound has a distinctive light absorption area that acts as its unique fingerprint. It can be used to identify functional groups in a molecule because the majority of them exhibit absorption bands in this range (400-1400cm-1).
This method can be used to evaluate whether the addition reaction of bromine (Br2) with 1-pentene has completed because the spectral bands for the C-H sp2 and C=C bonds will vanish.
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what is the purpose of the aqueous sodium bisulfite solution that is added during the workup of the bromination reaction?
The purposes of the aqueous sodium bisulfite solution that is added during the workup of the bromination reaction remove moisture from organic layers To scavenge excess bromine in the reaction mixture To remove byproducts None of the above. The reaction between ethyl chloride and magnesium followed by addition to benzaldehyde belongs to the Grignard reaction category.
What is an aqueous sodium bisulfite solution?
This salt of bisulfite is often prepared by bubbling sulfur dioxide in a solution of sodium carbonate in water. Sodium bisulfite in touch with chlorine bleach (aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite) will generate heat and form sodium bisulfate and sodium chloride.
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A computer simulation attached to a controls that include a steering wheel,
brakes, and gas pedal can be used to help people who are learning to drive.
The controls sense the forces applied, and the computer simulation shows
how a car would respond. What is one benefit of this model.
A. Drivers can learn how to obey local driving regulations.
B. When the steering wheel is turned in different directions, it models
how the car turns.
OC. Other drivers on the road are not shown.
D. Weather conditions, such as rain and snow, are not included in the
model.
Driving instruction can be assisted by using computer simulations of the steering wheel, brakes, and gas pedal. The car's response is predicted by computer models after the controls detect the applied forces. This model has the benefit of simulating how the car turns when the steering wheel is rotated in various directions.
You can investigate "what if" scenarios and questions through simulation without having to experiment with the system itself. You can use it to locate areas where the flow of materials, information, and products is stumbling. It aids in your understanding of the factors that affect system performance the most.When circumstances cannot be imposed safely or easily in real life, computer simulations are used to study the dynamic behavior of objects or systems. For instance, a mathematical model that takes into account factors like heat, velocity, and radioactive emissions can be used to explain a nuclear bomb.Before actually driving on the roads, the learner becomes accustomed to driving in EDI's simulator training facility. The sophisticated technology in the simulators gives users side views so they can see potential traffic hazards. Real-time vehicle dynamic simulation is the primary technological component of a driving simulator. Sensors and electronics record the driver's interactions with the vehicle through the steering wheel, gas, and brake pedals. The signals are transformed into inputs for the dynamic model of the car underneath.To learn more about computer simulations
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What is the uninterrupted passage of insolation through the atmosphere or water?
Transmission is referred to as the uninterrupted passage of insolation through the atmosphere or water.
What is Insolation?This can be defined as the process in which solar energy is incident onto objects which are usually in the form of waves. This is made possible through the process of heat transfer which is referred to as radiation in a medium such as air, water etc.
This is transmitted to the environment as it serves as a source of energy for the organisms which are present in the ecosystem. It is usually uninterrupted and are absorbed by plants during the process of photosynthesis.
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you use 25% ethyl acetate (an ester) in hexane to run a tlc and obtain a single round spot with an rf of 0.9 for the main compound. what would you do?conclude that the sample is pure.assume that tlc will be useless and find a different way to see if the sample if pure.try a completely different set of solvents, as ethyl acetate and hexanes will never work.try 10% ethyl acetate to see the results.try 35% ethyl acetate to see the results.
Try 35% ethyl acetate to see the substance present in it is more polar ,which on increasing the concentration of ethyl acetate to give a second spot.
what is ethyl acetate? is it safe for humans?The acetate ester produced when acetic acid and ethanol react is termed as ethyl acetate. It functions as an EC 3.4.19.3 (pyro glutamyl-peptidase I) regulator, a metabolite, and a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite in addition to being a polar aprotic solvent. It is a volatile organic chemical, an ethyl ester, and an acetate ester.
When inhaled or absorbed via the skin, ethyl acetate can have an impact on you.Skin, eyes, noses, and throats can get irritated by ethyl acetate.Excessive exposure might make you feel lightheaded, woozy, and faint.Constant contact might lead to skin dryness and cracking.to know more about ethyl acetate visit:
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The complete question is :
You use 25% ethyl acetate (an ester) in hexane to run a tlc and obtain a single round spot with an Rf of 0.9 for the main compound. What would you do?
Try a completely different set of solvents, as ethyl acetate and hexanes will never work. Try 10% ethyl acetate to see the results. Try 35% ethyl acetate to see the results. Assume that tic will be useless and find a different way to see if the sample if pure.Conclude that the sample is pure.Which row shows correct statements about the speed at which a gas diffuses?
effect of temperature
diffusion is faster at higher temperatures
diffusion is faster at lower temperatures
diffusion is faster at higher temperatures
diffusion is faster at lower temperatures
ABCD
А
В
с
effect of molecular mass
higher molecular mass diffuses faster
higher molecular mass diffuses faster
lower molecular mass diffuses faster
lower molecular mass diffuses faster
The speed of diffusion of gases is faster at a higher temperature and when the molecular mass of the gas is lower.
Transport that is done passively is called diffusion. Unless the concentration is uniform throughout a space, a single material goes from an area of high concentration to one of low concentration.
Because thermal energy is a function of temperature, molecules move randomly and continuously based on their mass, their surroundings, and their internal energy. This motion takes into consideration the diffusion of molecules across the medium in which they are situated. A material moves into any place that is open to it until it fills the entire area equally.
Molecules will continue to move about in a region after a material has entirely diffused across it, eliminating the gradient of concentration. However, there will not be any net molecule movement from one location to another. We refer to this absence of a gradient of concentration where there is no net movement of the material as dynamic equilibrium. Although diffusion will continue when a substance's concentration gradient is present, a number of things influence the diffusion rate:
(i) Molecular mass: Since heavier molecules travel more slowly, they diffuse more slowly as a result. For lighter molecules, diffusion occurs quicker.
(ii) Temperature: Higher temperatures boost energy, which in turn causes molecules to move more quickly and speed up the diffusion process. Lower temperatures reduce the energy of the molecules, which lowers the diffusion rate.
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A 20-liter container contains 2.0 moles of oxygen at a pressure of 92 kpa. the average kinetic energy of translation of oxygen molecules in the gas is:______.
By ideal gas approximation, the temperature of methane gas is 110.71 K.
We need to know about the ideal gas theory to solve this problem. The ideal gas is assumed that there is no interaction between particles in a gas. It can be determined by the equation
P . V = n . R . T
where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles gas, R is the ideal gas constant (8.31 J/mol.K) and T is temperature.
From the question above, we know that
V = 20 L = 0.02 m³
P = 92 kPa = 92 x 10³ Pa
n = 2 moles
By substituting the following parameters, we get
P . V = n . R . T
92 x 10³ . 0.02 = 2 . 8.31 . T
16.62T = 1840
T = 110.71 K
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hydrogen chloride gas and oxygen react to form water vapor and chlorine gas. what volume of chlorine would be produced by this reaction if of hydrogen chloride were consumed?
Hydrogen chloride gas and oxygen react to form water vapor and chlorine gas.
What is Hydrogen chloride?
A hydrogen halide is the substance hydrogen chloride, which has the chemical formula HCl. It is a colourless gas at room temperature that reacts with water vapour in the air to produce white fumes of hydrochloric acid. In technology and industry, hydrochloric acid and hydrogen chloride gas are crucial. The formula HCl is also frequently used to refer to hydrochloric acid, an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride.
4.75 litres of water would be created as a result of this process.
Given: HCl gas volume = 9.5 L
The chemical process will be balanced if:
4HCl + O2 → 2H2O + 2Cl2
As we are aware, 1 mole of gas at STP occupies 22.4 L of gas.
According to the stoichiometry, 4 litres of HCl gas react to produce 2 litres of chlorine.
As a result, 9.5 litres of HCl gas react to produce 9.5*2/4 litres of Cl.
Therefore, 4.75 litres of Cl would be created by this process.
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