Th Duration of portfolio is 1.35. This initial portfolio duration is higher than the duration of the obligation, so we need to adjust the amounts invested.
a) i. The Sharpe ratio is calculated as the excess return over the risk-free rate divided by the standard deviation of the returns.
For the Kiganda Fund:
Sharpe ratio = (10.2% - 2%) / 37% = 0.204
For the NSE20:
Sharpe ratio = (-22.5% - 2%) / 44% = -0.55
ii. To blend the Kiganda Fund with T-bills such that the adjusted portfolio has the same volatility as the market index, we need to find the weight of T-bills that will achieve this.
Market volatility = 44%
Kiganda volatility = 37%
Adjusted portfolio volatility = 44%
Let x be the weight of T-bills.
0.5²(0.37²) + x²(0.06²) + 2(0.5)(x)(0.37)(0.06)(0.10) = 0.44²
Solving for x, we get x = 0.694.
Therefore, the adjusted portfolio consists of 30.6% Kiganda Fund and 69.4% T-bills.
The return of this portfolio is:
Return = (0.306)(10.2%) + (0.694)(2%) = 4.03%
M for Kiganda is:
M = (10.2% - 2%) / 0.37 = 21.89
iii. The Treynor measure is calculated as the excess return over the risk-free rate divided by the beta.
For the Kiganda Fund:
Treynor measure = (10.2% - 2%) / 1.10 = 6.91
For the NSE20:
Treynor measure = (-22.5% - 2%) / 1.00 = -24.50
The Jensen measure is calculated as the excess return over the expected return from the security market line (SML), which is defined as the intercept of the SML minus the risk-free rate multiplied by the beta.
For the Kiganda Fund:
Expected return from SML = 2% + 1.10(14% - 2%) = 13.6%
Jensen measure = 10.2% - 13.6% = -3.4%
b) The portfolio alpha is the difference between the actual return and the expected return predicted by the security market line (SML).
Expected return from SML = 6% + 0.5(14% - 6%) = 10%
Portfolio alpha = 10% - 10% = 0%
Since the portfolio alpha is zero, the manager's return is in line with what is expected given their beta.
c) My pension plan will pay me KES 10,000 once a year for a 10-year period. The first payment will come in exactly 5 years. The pension fund wants to immunize its position.
i. What is the duration of its obligation to me? The current interest rate is 10% per year.
To calculate the duration of the pension plan's obligation, we can use the formula:
Duration of obligation = (Present value of cash flows weighted by time) / Present value of cash flows
The present value of the cash flows can be calculated as follows:
PV = (10,000 / (1 + 0.1)⁵) + (10,000 / (1 + 0.1)⁶) + ... + (10,000 / (1 + 0.1)¹⁴)
PV = 10,000 [(1 / 1.1⁵) + (1 / 1.1⁶) + ... + (1 / 1.1¹⁴)]
PV = 10,000 (4.868)
The present value of the cash flows is KES 48,680.
The weighted present value of the cash flows can be calculated as follows:
WPV = (10,000 x 5 / (1 + 0.1)⁵) + (10,000 x 6 / (1 + 0.1)⁶) + ... + (10,000 x 14 / (1 + 0.1)^¹⁴)
WPV = 10,000 [(5 / 1.1⁵) + (6 / 1.1⁶) + ... + (14 / 1.1¹⁴)]
WPV = 10,000 (6.138)
The weighted present value of the cash flows is KES 61,380.
Using these values, we can calculate the duration of the obligation:
Duration of obligation = (61,380 / 48,680)
Duration of obligation = 1.26 years
Therefore, the duration of the pension plan's obligation is 1.26 years.
ii. If the plan uses 5-year and 20-year zero-coupon bonds to construct the immunized position, how much money ought to be placed in each bond?
To construct an immunized position, the pension plan needs to invest in bonds that have a combined duration equal to the duration of its obligation. The duration of a zero-coupon bond is equal to its maturity.
Let X be the amount invested in the 5-year bond and Y be the amount invested in the 20-year bond. Then, we can set up the following equations:
X + Y = 48,680
(5X / (1 + r)⁵) + (20Y / (1 + r)²⁰) = 1.26
where r is the annual interest rate. We can solve for X and Y using these equations.
One possible approach is to use trial and error to find values of X and Y that satisfy the equations. For example, we can start by assuming that X = 20,000 and Y = 28,680. Then, we can calculate the duration of the portfolio:
Duration of portfolio = (5X / (1 + r)⁵) + (20Y / (1 + r)²⁰)
Duration of portfolio = (5 x 20,000 / (1 + r)⁵) + (20 x 28,680 / (1 + r)²⁰)
Duration of portfolio = 1.35
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when a consumer insists on one specific brand, making the product a specialty good, it is known as brand .
When a consumer insists on purchasing a specific brand of a product, it is known as brand loyalty.
Brand loyalty is a result of a positive experience or perception of the brand, leading the consumer to prefer it over other brands. The consumer believes that the brand offers superior quality, value, or benefits over its competitors, leading to a willingness to pay a premium for the brand.
Brand loyalty is critical for businesses as it creates a loyal customer base that provides repeat business, positive word-of-mouth recommendations, and can help the brand to maintain a competitive advantage in the market. Therefore, companies invest heavily in building and maintaining their brand image, reputation, and customer relationships to encourage brand loyalty. By doing so, they can benefit from increased sales, higher profits, and customer retention.
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which of the following charts the direction of the company and provides a basis for strategic decision making?
The chart that typically charts the direction of a company and provides a basis for strategic decision making is the strategic planning chart or the strategic roadmap.
strategic planning chart or the strategic roadmap is a visual representation of the company's goals, objectives, and initiatives that are essential to achieving long-term success. The strategic planning chart outlines the company's overall mission and vision, identifies the key performance indicators (KPIs) that will measure progress towards achieving those goals, and outlines the specific actions needed to accomplish those goals. It provides a clear path forward for the company and helps guide decision making to ensure that all efforts align with the overall strategic plan.know more about strategic decision making here :https://brainly.com/question/27905353
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Which of the following statements is correct regarding the deductibility of self-employment tax for self-employed taxpayers?
A. Self-employed taxpayers can deduct 100% of the self-employment tax they pay for AGI.
B.Self-employed taxpayers can deduct 100% of the self-employment tax they pay from AGI.
C.Self-employed taxpayers can deduct the employer portion of the self-employment tax they pay from AGI.
D. Self-employed taxpayers can deduct the employer portion of the self-employment tax they pay for AGI.
The correct statement regarding the deductibility of self-employment tax for self-employed taxpayers is:
D. Self-employed taxpayers can deduct the employer portion of the self-employment tax they pay for AGI.
This means that self-employed individuals can deduct the employer-equivalent portion (50%) of their self-employment tax when calculating their adjusted gross income (AGI).
Adjusted Gross Income is simply your total gross income minus specific deductions. Additionally, your Adjusted Gross Income is the starting point for calculating your taxes and determining your eligibility for certain tax credits and deductions that you can use to help you lower your overall tax bill.
Adjusted Gross Income, or AGI, starts with your gross income, and is then reduced by certain “above the line” deductions. Some common examples of deductions that reduce adjusted gross income include 401(k) contributions, health savings account contributions and educator expenses.
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which of the following is not commonly used to minimize transaction exposure in foreign exchange dealings? multiple choice hedging in the forward exchange market hedging in the money market hedging in the stock market hedging in the currency futures market
The option that is not commonly used to minimize transaction exposure in foreign exchange dealings is (c). Hedging in the stock market.
Hedging in the forward exchange market, money market, and currency futures market are commonly used methods to minimize transaction exposure in foreign exchange dealings. These methods involve the use of financial instruments such as forward contracts, options, and futures contracts to lock in exchange rates and reduce the risk of losses due to changes in currency exchange rates.
However, hedging in the stock market is not commonly used to minimize transaction exposure in foreign exchange dealings, as stock prices are not directly related to currency exchange rates.
Option c is answer.
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cougars travel vehicle (ctv) sells new recreational vehicles and travel trailers. when new vehicles arrive at ctv, a new vehicle record is created. included in the new vehicle record are a vehicle serial number, name, model, year, manufacturer, and base cost. when a customer arrives at ctv, he or she works with a salesperson to negotiate a vehicle purchase. when a purchase has been agreed upon, a sales invoice is completed by the salesperson. the invoice summarizes the purchase, including full customer information, information on the trade-in vehicle (if any), the trade-in allowance, and information on the purchased vehicle. the invoice also summarizes the final negotiated price, plus any applicable taxes and license fees. if the customer requests dealer-installed options (simply options), they are listed on the invoice as well. a customer may decide to have no options added to the vehicle or may choose to add many options. dealer-installed options are described by an option code, description, and price. each invoice lists just one customer. an option may be listed on no invoices, or it may be listed on many invoices. the trade-in vehicle is described by a serial number, make, model, and year. a customer may trade in no more than three vehicle on a purchase of a new vehicle. the trade-in vehicle may be sold to another customer who later trades it in on another ctv. the transaction concludes with a customer signature on the sales invoice. customers are assigned a customer id when they make their first purchase from ctv. name, address, date of birth, age, and phone number are recorded from the customer. a person does not become a customer until he or she purchases a vehicle. over time, a customer may purchase at most five vehicles from ctv. every invoice must be filled out by one salesperson. a new salesperson - 3 - might not have sold any vehicle, but experienced salespeople have probably sold many vehicles. each invoice only lists one new vehicle. if a new vehicle in inventory has not been sold, there will be no invoice for it. once the vehicle sells, there will be just one invoice for it. Use a use-case diagram and class diagram.
Cougars travel vehicle (ctv) sells new recreational factors market vehicles and travel trailers. when new vehicles arrive at ctv, a new vehicle record is created. Since the Thomas company's decision.
To buy a company car is mentioned in the question. The accountant also disclosed all the purchase information. Since only numbers are recorded in accounting, which is based on the type of transactions, the price agreed upon with the dealer is used to record the vehicle in the accounting records.
The purchase information comprises the colour of the car, the price, the mileage, the capacity, etc. For accounting purposes, we simply took the price into consideration, and that is still the case today. In this case, John's usage of the factor market would be represented by the acquisition of the used tyres.The sum of the resources that firms employ to buy, rent, or hire what they need to generate goods or services is referred to as the "factor market."These requirements cover land, labour, capital, and raw resources. Input market is another name for it.This kind of market mostly deals in the services required to finish the industrial process.
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suppose southeast mutual bank, walls fergo bank, and pjmorton bank all have zero excess reserves. the required reserve ratio is presently set at 25%. sean, a southeast mutual bank customer, deposits $1,800,000 into his checking account at the local branch.
When Sean deposits $1,800,000 into his checking account at Southeast Mutual Bank, the bank's reserves increase by the same amount. Since Southeast Mutual Bank and the other two banks mentioned have zero excess reserves, this means that they are currently holding only the required reserves as mandated by the required reserve ratio of 25%.
Therefore, Southeast Mutual Bank will need to hold onto 25% of Sean's deposit, or $450,000, as required reserves. The remaining $1,350,000 can be used by the bank for lending or other activities.
If Southeast Mutual Bank does lend out the $1,350,000, the borrower will then deposit the money into their own bank account, which will also increase the reserves of that bank. This in turn will allow that bank to lend out more money, leading to a multiplier effect on the money supply.
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what is the competitveness and productivitywhat is competitiveness and productivity of td bank
Competitiveness refers to the ability of a company to outperform its competitors in terms of market share, profits, and customer satisfaction. TD Bank is a highly competitive organization that has managed to establish itself as a leading financial services provider in North America.
The bank has implemented several strategies to remain competitive, such as investing in technology, expanding its operations in different markets, and offering innovative products and services.
Productivity, on the other hand, refers to the efficiency with which a company utilizes its resources to achieve its objectives. TD Bank has a strong focus on productivity, which is evident in its streamlined processes, automation of routine tasks, and continuous improvement initiatives. The bank has also invested heavily in training and development programs to ensure that its employees have the skills and knowledge needed to deliver quality services to customers.
Overall, TD Bank's competitiveness and productivity are essential factors that have contributed to its success in the highly competitive financial services industry. By prioritizing these factors, the bank has managed to stay ahead of its competitors and deliver superior value to its customers.
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The customer value triad consists of three factors: quality, service, and availability.
True
False
False. The customer value triad consists of three factors: quality, service, and availability.
The customer value triad consists of three factors: quality, service, and price. These are the three main factors that customers consider when deciding whether or not to purchase a product or service. Quality refers to the overall level of excellence of a product or service, while service refers to the level of customer support provided by the company. Price refers to the cost of the product or service.
The customer value triad is a framework used by businesses to understand the factors that drive customer purchase decisions. Each of the three factors - quality, service, and price - plays an important role in determining the overall value that a product or service offers to a customer.
Quality refers to the degree to which a product or service meets the customer's expectations and needs. This includes factors such as durability, reliability, design, and functionality. Customers are more likely to purchase products or services that are of high quality and meet their needs.
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An industry's four-firm concentration ratio is 74%. The top four firms are A Inc., B Inc., C Inc., and D Inc. If B Inc.'s market share is 20%, C Inc.'s market share is 18%, and D Inc.'s market share is 15%, what is A Inc.'s market share?
A Inc. has a market share of 47%.
To solve this problem, we need to start by understanding what the four-firm concentration ratio is. The four-firm concentration ratio measures the total market share held by the top four firms in an industry.
In this case, the four-firm concentration ratio is 74%, which means that the top four firms (A Inc., B Inc., C Inc., and D Inc.) collectively control 74% of the market.
Next, we are given the market share of three of the four firms: B Inc.'s market share is 20%, C Inc.'s market share is 18%, and D Inc.'s market share is 15%. To find A Inc.'s market share, we need to subtract the market share of B, C, and D from the total four-firm concentration ratio: A Inc.'s market share = 100% - 20% - 18% - 15% = 47%
Therefore, A Inc. has a market share of 47%. This means that the four firms (A Inc., B Inc., C Inc., and D Inc.) together control 74% of the market, with A Inc. accounting for nearly half of that market share.
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which of these statements is (are) correct about the amortization of a standard, level payment home mortgage loan?
a.The principal reduction increases each month b.With a longer term, the interest share of the monthly payment is lower. c.As the term is longer the total cumulative interest paid is less. d.More than half the monthly payment is interest for about half the loan term.
Statement b is correct. With a longer term, the interest share of the monthly payment is lower. This is because the interest is spread out over a longer period of time, resulting in a lower monthly payment.
However, this also means that the borrower will end up paying more in total interest over the life of the loan. Statement a is not correct. The principal reduction is the same each month in a standard, level payment home mortgage loan. Statement c is not correct.
As the term is longer, the total cumulative interest paid is actually more. Statement d is partially correct. More than half the monthly payment is interest for the first half of the loan term, but as the loan progresses, the principal share of the payment increases while the interest share decreases.
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Determine the missing amounts in the following accounting equation:Assets = Liabilities + Owner's Equitya. ? = $186,530 + $582,910b. $93,270 = ? + $29,150c. $44,880 = $6,410 + ?Accounting equation:The accounting principles are based on the double entry system. In the double entry system every transaction will have debit entry and credit entry and the total of debit entry will be equal to the credit entry. This can be also being shown in accounting equation where the total of assets will be equal to the sum total of liabilities and owners equity.
The missing amounts in the following accounting equation: Assets = $769,440, Liabilities = $64,120, Owner's Equity = $38,470
To determine the missing amounts in the following accounting equation: Assets = Liabilities + Owner's Equity, you can follow these steps:
a. To find the missing assets amount:
Assets = Liabilities + Owner's Equity
Assets = $186,530 + $582,910
Assets = $769,440
So, the missing assets amount is $769,440.
b. To find the missing liabilities amount:
Assets = Liabilities + Owner's Equity
$93,270 = Liabilities + $29,150
Liabilities = $93,270 - $29,150
Liabilities = $64,120
So, the missing liabilities amount is $64,120.
c. To find the missing owner's equity amount:
Assets = Liabilities + Owner's Equity
$44,880 = $6,410 + Owner's Equity
Owner's Equity = $44,880 - $6,410
Owner's Equity = $38,470
So, the missing owner's equity amount is $38,470.
In summary:
a. Assets = $769,440
b. Liabilities = $64,120
c. Owner's Equity = $38,470
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Complete question:
Determine the missing amounts in the following accounting equation:
Assets = Liabilities + Owner's Equity
a. ? = $186,530 + $582,910
b. $93,270 = ? + $29,150
c. $44,880 = $6,410 + ?
Accounting equation:
The accounting principles are based on the double entry system. In the double entry system every transaction will have debit entry and credit entry and the total of debit entry will be equal to the credit entry. This can be also being shown in accounting equation where the total of assets will be equal to the sum total of liabilities and owners equity.
If we say that demand for a good has increased, we mean that there has been:
A. a leftward shift of the demand curve.
B. a rightward shift of the demand curve.
C. a leftward movement along the demand curve.
D. a rightward movement along the demand curve.
When we say that demand for a good has increased, we mean that there has been a rightward shift of the demand curve. This is represented by option B.
An increase in demand means that consumers are willing and able to purchase more of a particular good at any given price level. A rightward shift of the demand curve indicates that this has occurred, as more quantity of the good is demanded at the same price levels compared to the original demand curve. This could be due to factors such as an increase in consumer income, a positive change in consumer preferences, or the introduction of complementary goods in the market.
On the other hand, a leftward shift (option A) represents a decrease in demand, where consumers are willing and able to purchase less of the good at any given price level. Options C and D, leftward and rightward movements along the demand curve, respectively, represent changes in quantity demanded in response to price changes, but not an overall increase or decrease in demand itself.
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when demand for a product is seasonal it might be possible to outsource the peak portion of the demand while keeping the base portion in-house.
true or false
Yes, that statement is correct. When demand for a product is seasonal, it can be challenging for companies to manage the fluctuations in demand. One solution is to outsource the peak portion of the demand while keeping the base portion in-house.
Outsourcing the peak portion of the demand involves partnering with another company to handle the production of the product during the busy season. This allows the company to meet the increased demand without having to invest in additional production capacity that may be underutilized during the off-season. By outsourcing, the company can reduce its operating costs and improve its overall profitability.
At the same time, the company can keep the base portion of the demand in-house, allowing it to maintain control over the production process and ensure consistent quality. This approach can help companies to balance the risks and benefits of seasonal demand, while still meeting the needs of their customers.
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The Product Owner has doubts about the quality of the definition of "Done". What should s/he do?
If the Product Owner has doubts about the quality of the definition of "Done", there are several actions that can be taken to address the issue:
Review the definition of "Done": The Product Owner should review the definition of "Done" and evaluate its completeness and clarity. This may involve discussing the definition with the Development Team and other stakeholders to ensure that everyone has a clear understanding of what is required to consider a product increment as "Done".
Update the definition of "Done": Based on the review, the Product Owner may update the definition of "Done" to make it more comprehensive or specific. This should be done in collaboration with the Development Team and other stakeholders, and the updated definition should be communicated clearly to everyone involved in the project.
Incorporate feedback from stakeholders: The Product Owner may seek feedback from other stakeholders, such as customers, end-users, or subject matter experts, to ensure that the definition of "Done" reflects their expectations and requirements.
Conduct a retrospective: The Product Owner may conduct a retrospective with the Development Team to evaluate the effectiveness of the current definition of "Done" and identify areas for improvement. This can help to ensure that the definition of "Done" remains relevant and useful throughout the project.
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Baselining is defined as a method of dividing the project scope into many parts that, when combined, would constitute the project deliverable. a. True b. False
The statement "Baselining is defined as a method of dividing the project scope into many parts that, when combined, would constitute the project deliverable" is false.
Baselining is not defined as a method of dividing the project scope into many parts that, when combined, would constitute the project deliverable.
Baselining is the process of setting the project's original plan as a baseline to measure and monitor project progress and performance. The baseline is used to compare the actual project performance against the planned performance and to identify any variances that may occur during project execution.
The project scope is defined as the set of all the deliverables, requirements, tasks, and goals that must be completed to meet the project's objectives. Breaking down the project scope into smaller, manageable parts is referred to as decomposition or work breakdown structure (WBS).
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a designer has been tasked with finding test participants for the end of a design sprint. in what phase of the sprint should they begin recruiting users? 0 / 1 point understand test prototype ideate
A designer should begin recruiting users for test participants during the "Prototype" phase of the design sprint. This phase involves creating a realistic prototype of the solution, which will then be tested with the recruited users to gather valuable feedback and insights.
The designer should begin recruiting test participants during the "prototype" phase of the design sprint. This is the phase where the design team creates a low-fidelity or high-fidelity prototype of the solution that they have ideated during the earlier "ideation" phase.
The purpose of testing the prototype with users is to get feedback on its usability, functionality, and overall appeal. By recruiting test participants early on in the prototype phase, the design team can incorporate their feedback into the final product, ensuring that it meets the needs of the users.
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QUESTION 2: GENERAL BORROWINGS Acruni Co had the following loans in place at the beginning and end of 20X6. General borrowings 1 January 31 December 20X6 20X6 RM'm RM'm 10% Bank loan repayable 20x8 120 120 9.5% Bank loan repayable 20x9 80 80 8.9% debenture repayable 20X7 150 The 8.9% debenture was issued to fund the construction of a qualifying asset (a piece of mining equipment), construction of which began on 1 July 20x6. On 1 January 20X6, Acruni Co began construction of a qualifying asset, a piece of machinery for a hydroelectric plant, using existing borrowings. Expenditure drawn down for the construction was: RM30m on 1 January 20X6, RM20m on 1 October 20X6. Required Calculate the borrowing costs that can be capitalised for the hydro-electric plant machine.
The borrowing costs that can be capitalized for the hydro-electric plant machine are RM80m.
Capitalized and the amount of borrowing costs that can be capitalized.
The borrowing costs that can be capitalized include interest that is incurred on the debt during the period of construction, which is limited to the amount of borrowing that is used for the construction of the qualifying asset.
Borrowing used for construction = Total expenditure for construction - Amount of borrowing drawn down before construction
Borrowing used for construction = RM30m + RM20m - RM20m
Borrowing used for construction = RM10m
Borrowing costs that can be capitalized = Total borrowing costs - Borrowing used for construction
Borrowing costs that can be capitalized = RM90m - RM10m
Borrowing costs that can be capitalized = RM80m
The borrowing costs that can be capitalized can be capitalized against the cost of the hydro-electric plant machine. The cost of the hydro-electric plant machine can be calculated as follows:
Cost of the hydro-electric plant machine = Total expenditure for construction
Cost of the hydro-electric plant machine = RM30m + RM20m
Cost of the hydro-electric plant machine = RM50m
Therefore, the borrowing costs that can be capitalized for the hydro-electric plant machine are RM80m.
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michael's, inc., just paid $1.95 to its shareholders as the annual dividend. simultaneously, the company announced that future dividends will be increasing by 4.3 percent. if you require a rate of return of 8.5 percent, how much are you willing to pay today to purchase one share of the company's stock? group of answer choices $24.21 $48.43 $50.38 $23.93 $15.89
The amount you are willing to pay today to purchase one share of the company's stock is $48.43. Therefore, the correct option is option 2.
You want to know how much you are willing to pay today to purchase one share of Michael's, Inc. stock, given that it just paid a $1.95 annual dividend, future dividends will increase by 4.3 percent, and you require a rate of return of 8.5 percent.
To calculate this, we can use the Gordon Growth Model, also known as the Dividend Discount Model. The formula is:
Stock Price = D1 / (r - g)
where:
D1 = next year's expected dividend
r = required rate of return
g = growth rate of dividends
1. First, let's find D1:
D1 = Current Dividend * (1 + g) = $1.95 * (1 + 0.043) = $1.95 * 1.043 = $2.03385
2. Now, plug the values into the formula:
Stock Price = $2.03385 / (0.085 - 0.043) = $2.03385 / 0.042 = $48.425
From the provided group of answer choices, the closest value is $48.43. Therefore, you would be willing to pay $48.43 today to purchase one share of Michael's, Inc. stock, given the required rate of return and future dividend growth rate which corresponds to option 2.
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All of the following are advantages of real-time processing of sales except
a. The cash cycle is shortened
b. Paper work is reduced
c. Incorrect data entry is difficult to detect
d. Up-to-date information can provide a competitive advantage in the marketplace
Real-time processing of sales offers several advantages to businesses, including the shortening of the cash cycle, reduced paperwork, and the ability to access up-to-date information in real-time. However, one disadvantage of real-time processing is that it can make it more challenging to detect incorrect data entry. While automated systems can help reduce errors, it's essential to have processes in place to identify and correct any errors that may occur.
The shortened cash cycle means that companies can receive payments from customers more quickly, improving cash flow and allowing for faster investment in other areas of the business. Additionally, reduced paperwork means that businesses can save time and money on administrative tasks, freeing up resources for other important areas of the company. Access to up-to-date information can also provide a competitive advantage in the marketplace. With real-time data, businesses can quickly identify trends, respond to changes in the market, and make more informed decisions. This can help companies stay ahead of the competition and increase their chances of success. In conclusion, while incorrect data entry may be difficult to detect in real-time processing, the benefits of this method far outweigh the potential drawbacks. By implementing effective quality control measures and utilizing automation, businesses can leverage real-time processing to improve their cash flow, save time and money, and gain a competitive edge in the marketplace.
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a company budgeted unit sales of 102,000 units for january, 2021 and 120,000 units for february, 2018. the company has a policy of having an inventory of units on hand at the end of each month equal to 30% of next month's budgeted unit sales. if there were 30,600 units of inventory on hand on december 31, 2020, how many units should be produced in january, 2021 in order for the company to meet its goals? group of answer choices 107,400 units 102,000 units 96,600 units 138,000 units
The Page Turner Publishing Company is trying to decide whether or not to accept a special order for its latest blockbuster. In making this decision, which level of costs will most likely be relevant to the decision?
The level of costs that will most likely be relevant to the decision of whether or not to accept a special order for Page Turner Publishing Company's latest blockbuster would be the relevant costs or incremental costs.
Relevant costs refer to costs that are directly related to a specific decision and will be affected by that decision. In this case, relevant costs would include the additional costs of producing and distributing the special order, such as the cost of materials, labor, and transportation.
It is important for the Page Turner Publishing Company to consider only the relevant costs in their decision-making process as irrelevant costs, such as sunk costs, will not impact the decision of whether or not to accept the special order. By only considering the relevant costs, the company can determine whether accepting the special order will result in a profit or loss, and ultimately make a more informed decision.
Additionally, the company should also consider other factors such as the impact on their reputation, the potential for future orders from the same customer, and the effect on their regular production schedule. By considering all relevant factors and costs, the Page Turner Publishing Company can make a well-informed decision that will benefit both their business and their customers.
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It takes many years for a company to change its culture and structure to one of empowerment because:
It takes many years for a company to change its culture and structure to one of empowerment because such a change requires a fundamental shift in the mindset and values of the organization.
This involves breaking down traditional hierarchies, empowering employees to make decisions and take ownership of their work, and fostering a culture of collaboration and innovation. The process of change also requires a significant investment of time, resources, and effort to retrain and reorient employees, redesign work processes, and establish new systems and policies that support the new culture. Furthermore, the success of the change depends on strong leadership, clear communication, and a commitment to the long-term goals of the organization. Therefore, companies need to be patient and persistent in pursuing this transformation, as it can take several years to achieve the desired outcomes and fully embed the new culture and structure into the organization.
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on january 1, hogan company has a beginning cash balance of $21,000. during the year, the company expects cash disbursements of $170,000 and cash receipts of $145,000. if hogan requires an ending cash balance of $20,000, the company must borrow group of answer choices $16,000 $20,000 $24,000 $46,000
To maintain an ending cash balance of $20,000, Hogan Company must borrow $24,000. Therefore, the correct option is option 3.
The amount Hogan Company must borrow is calculated as follows:
1. Calculate the expected ending cash balance before borrowing by adding the beginning cash balance and cash receipts, then subtracting cash disbursements.
Expected ending cash balance before borrowing = Beginning cash balance + Cash receipts - Cash disbursements
Expected ending cash balance before borrowing = $21,000 + $145,000 - $170,000
Expected ending cash balance before borrowing = -$4,000
2. Determine the difference between the required ending cash balance and the expected ending cash balance before borrowing.
Difference = Required ending cash balance - Expected ending cash balance before borrowing
Difference = $20,000 - (-$4,000)
Difference = $24,000
3. Identify the correct amount the company must borrow from the given choices.
From the given choices, the correct amount the company must borrow is $24,000 which corresponds to option 3.
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Grouper, Inc. a private company that applies ASPE, incurred $15,200 in materials and $12,800 in direct labour costs between January and March 2020 to develop a new product. In May 2020, the criteria required to capitalize development costs were met. A further $45,200 was spent for materials, $15,700 for direct labour costs $1,600 for borrowing costs, and $73,200 for directly related legal fees. Prepare the appropriate journal entries. (Credit account titles are automatically indented when the amount is entered. Do not indent manually. If no entry is required, select "No entry" for the account titles and enter for the amounts.) Prepare the journal entry if Grouper were a public company following IFRS. (Credit account titles are automatically indented when the amount is entered. Do not indent manually. If no entry is required, select "No entry" for the account titles and enter O for the amounts.) Account Titles and Explanation Debit Credit
The journal entry would be:
Development Costs (Capitalized) $135,700
Cash (or Accounts Payable) $135,700
To prepare the appropriate journal entries for Grouper, Inc., a private company that applies ASPE, you need to first determine the costs that can be capitalized after the criteria were met in May 2020.
The costs incurred between January and March 2020 ($15,200 in materials and $12,800 in direct labor) cannot be capitalized as they were incurred before the criteria were met. Therefore, you should only consider the costs incurred after May 2020 for capitalization.
Journal entry for Grouper, Inc. under ASPE:
1. Development Costs (Capitalized) - Debit
Materials - $45,200
Direct Labor - $15,700
Borrowing Costs - $1,600
Legal Fees - $73,200
Total = $135,700
2. Cash (or Accounts Payable if not paid yet) - Credit
Total = $135,700
The journal entry under ASPE would be:
Development Costs (Capitalized) $135,700
Cash (or Accounts Payable) $135,700
For Grouper, Inc., a public company following IFRS, the accounting treatment for development costs might be different, depending on whether the company meets the criteria for capitalizing development costs under IAS 38.
If the company meets the criteria, the journal entry would be the same as under ASPE. If the company does not meet the criteria, then the development costs would be expensed as incurred.
If the criteria are met under IFRS, the journal entry would be:
Development Costs (Capitalized) $135,700
Cash (or Accounts Payable) $135,700
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if the firm's current employees are well-trained in their jobs, but also have other knowledge, skills, and abilities, these employees have
If the firm's current employees are well-trained in their jobs and possess additional knowledge, skills, and abilities, they are considered to be a valuable asset to the organization.
Such employees can provide unique perspectives and contribute to the growth and success of the firm. For instance, an employee who is well-versed in a foreign language may be able to communicate with international clients or collaborate with foreign business partners. An employee with excellent analytical skills can help the company analyze data and make informed decisions. An employee who is skilled in project management can oversee and execute projects effectively. Having employees with diverse knowledge, skills, and abilities can also increase the firm's flexibility and adaptability to change. Such employees can quickly adapt to changing market trends, implement new technologies, and explore new business opportunities. Therefore, firms that prioritize training and development of their employees and encourage them to acquire new knowledge, skills, and abilities can improve their competitiveness, innovation, and success in the long run.
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Rank the interest sensitivity of the following from most sensitive to an interest rate change to the least sensitive.
I. 10% coupon, 10-yr bond
II. 5% coupon, 10-yr bond
III. Zero coupon, 30-yr bond
A. I, II, III
B. II, III, I
C. III, I, II
The correct ranking from most sensitive to least sensitive to an interest rate change is : III, I, II option(C).
The interest sensitivity ranking from most sensitive to least sensitive is as follows:
1. III. Zero coupon, 30-yr bond
2. I. 10% coupon, 10-yr bond
3. II. 5% coupon, 10-yr bond
Interest rate sensitivity is how much a fixed-income asset price moves with changes in interest rates. Interest rates and fixed-income asset prices are inversely correlated. More interest rate sensitivity means an asset's price fluctuates more with a change in interest rates.
The concept used to conclude the answer is the concept of bond duration. Bond duration measures the sensitivity of a bond's price to changes in interest rates. The longer the duration of a bond, the more sensitive its price will be to interest rate changes.
In the given question, we have three bonds with different characteristics.
The 10% coupon, 10-year bond (I) has a higher coupon rate and shorter maturity, making it less sensitive to interest rate changes compared to the other bonds.
The 5% coupon, 10-year bond (II) has a lower coupon rate but similar maturity, making it more sensitive to interest rate changes compared to bond I.
The zero coupon, 30-year bond (III) has no coupon payments and the longest maturity, making it the most sensitive to interest rate changes among the given bonds.
Based on this understanding, we can conclude that the ranking from most sensitive to least sensitive to an interest rate change is: III, I, II, which aligns with (option C).
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activity based costing (abc) allocates costs to activities based on a fixed predetermined measure (e.g., cases). T/F
The statement, "Activity based costing (abc) allocates costs to activities based on a fixed predetermined measure (e.g., cases)." is True.
Activity-based costing (ABC) is a cost accounting method that allocates costs to activities based on a fixed predetermined measure. These activities can be anything from production processes to customer service interactions. The predetermined measure is typically based on the amount of resources (such as time, labor, and materials) required to perform the activity.
For example, if a company produces 10,000 cases of a product, ABC would allocate the costs associated with producing those cases to the specific activities that were required to produce them. This method allows companies to more accurately allocate costs and understand the true cost of producing their products or services.
By understanding the costs associated with each activity, companies can make better decisions about where to focus their resources and how to improve their processes. Overall, ABC is a valuable tool for businesses looking to better understand their costs and improve their profitability.
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Given that the customer disagreed with MaryAnn about the timing of the scheduled brunch, MaryAnn needs to ensure that next time, she confirm the day and time a week in advance of the event, and to confirm again the day before. This will ensure there is no confusion between the company and the customer. By doing this, which rule of recovery would MaryAnn be following?
a) Fix the customer's problem
b) Fix the company's problem: make sure it does what it says it will actually do
c) Exceed the customer's expectations
d) Provide a future solution
MaryAnn would be following the rule of recovery D: "Provide a future solution" by confirming the day and time a week in advance of the event and confirming again the day before to ensure there is no confusion between the company and the customer.
Providing a future solution involves taking steps to prevent the problem from happening again in the future. By confirming the details in advance, MaryAnn can prevent similar misunderstandings from occurring and ensure a better experience for the customer. This is an important aspect of customer service, as it helps to build trust and loyalty with customers by demonstrating a commitment to meeting their needs and expectations.
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A(n) incident is any occurrence withing the organization's operational environment. (True or False)
The statement "A(n) incident is any occurrence within the organization's operational environment" is generally true. An incident refers to any event that disrupts the normal functioning of an organization or system, causing harm or loss. Incidents can vary in size and severity, ranging from minor issues such as software glitches to major events such as natural disasters.
In an organizational context, incidents can occur in various areas, such as information technology, security, health and safety, finance, and human resources. It is important for organizations to have incident management plans in place to respond to incidents efficiently and effectively. These plans should outline the roles and responsibilities of stakeholders, communication protocols, escalation procedures, and methods for tracking and reporting incidents. Overall, incidents are an inevitable part of an organization's operational environment and require proactive measures to minimize their impact on the organization and its stakeholders.
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ACLs are more specific to operation of a system than rule-based policies and they may or may not deal with users directly. (True or False)
The statement 'ACLs are more specific to operation of a system than rule-based policies and they may or may not deal with users directly' is true as they allow for the precise definition of access permissions for individual users, groups, or systems.
ACLs may or may not deal with users directly, as they can also be applied to network devices, applications, or resources.
In contrast, rule-based policies typically use a set of predefined rules or conditions to determine access permissions, which may not be as granular or specific as ACLs.
However, rule-based policies may be easier to manage and maintain than ACLs in some cases, especially for larger or more complex systems.
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