Yeast cells, plant cells, and mammal cells all share many similarities in cell signaling. This provides evidence that signal transduction pathways appeared in cells before the evolution of multicellular organisms.
In living organisms, cell signaling or signal transduction takes place through which a physical or chemical signal is transferred across cells.
various research and scientific studies have shown that signal transduction has much resemblance both in multicellular and unicellular organisms.
This phenomenon indicates that this process of cell signaling was present in multicellular organisms since early times.
Gradually, it evolved into unicellular organisms.
If you need to learn more about cell signaling click here:
https://brainly.com/question/12029544
#SPJ4
The layer of polysaccharides, which functions to help bacteria adhere to surfaces, prevents drying, and helps to resist a host's immune system is called the _____.
According to the research, the correct option is Glycocalyx. The layer of polysaccharides, which functions to help bacteria adhere to surfaces, prevents drying, and helps to resist a host's immune system is called the Glycocalyx.
What is Glycocalyx?It is the layer of carbohydrates or filamentous material that covers some bacteria and is mainly composed of polysaccharide, phospholipids or plasma membrane proteins.
In this sense, it contributes to protecting the cell surface from mechanical and chemical aggressions, as well as playing an important role in the processes of recognition and adhesion between cells.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, the correct option is Glycocalyx. The layer of polysaccharides, which functions to help bacteria adhere to surfaces, prevents drying, and helps to resist a host's immune system is called the Glycocalyx.
Learn more about Glycocalyx here: https://brainly.com/question/24623301
#SPJ1
An ancestor and all of its descendants are known as a monophyletic group or a(n) ________. a. apomorphy b. plesiomorphy c. synapomorphy d. clade
An ancestor and all of its descendants are known as a monophyletic group or a clade.
A monophyletic group, or clade, is a group of organisms that includes an ancestor and all of its descendants. This is in contrast to a paraphyletic group, which includes an ancestor and some, but not all, of its descendants.
There are many ways to define monophyly, but one common way is to use phylogenetic trees. A clade is a group of organisms that includes all the descendants of a common ancestor. If two groups are each other's closest relatives, they are said to be monophyletic.
Monophyletic groups tend to be more evolutionarily successful than paraphyletic ones, because they have all the genetic information of their ancestor. This is because they share a common ancestor, and so are more likely to have similar traits. They are also more morphologically and behaviorally homogeneous, and make it easier to study their evolution.
Learn more on clade here:
https://brainly.com/question/12464791
#SPJ4
Which of the following best describes three of the known causes of foodborne illness?
a) Inadequate cooking, dirty sanitizer on the cook line, and advanced food preparation
b) Poor handwashing, food contamination, and lack of temperature control
c) Using dirty wipe cloths, poor oral hygiene, and improper disposal of fryer oil
d) Storing personal belongings with food items, unshielded light bulbs, and poor management
Answer:
b) Poor handwashing, food contamination, and lack of temperature control
Explanation:
What country will soon become the first large industrial economy powered primarily by renewable energy?
Germany will soon become the first large industrial economy powered primarily by renewable energy
Renewable energy derives from sources that are infinite like the sun, wind, and water, or from sources that refill themselves naturally like geothermal and biomass. like Geothermal, Hydroelectric, Solar, wind.
Fuels that can NOT be reformed during a lifetime are said to be non renewable energy
Electricity that derives from renewable energy sources considered better for the planet because it emits little or no air pollution and will not run out.
We often call renewable energy technologies clean or "green" because they produce few if any pollutants
To know more about Renewable energy visit : https://brainly.com/question/17373437
#SPJ4
______ is like a language interpreter that converts the genetic message carried by ______ into the language of protein.
Answer:
ribosome
mRNA
Explanation:
The ribosome is like a language interpreter that converts the genetic message carried by mRNA into the language of protein.
Ribosomes are an essential organelle. It is crucial for the creation of protein, a chemical required for metabolism and growth. Protein is produced by the ribosomes for use inside and outside the cell.
What is the importance of ribosomes inside the cell?
A sophisticated macromolecular element of the organism that helps with translation is called a ribosome. To make proteins and a wide range of other biological components, all living cells need to perform this crucial process.
Ribosomes in eukaryotes contain roughly equal amounts of protein and rRNA. Typically, ribosomes include three or four rRNA molecules and between 40 and 80 distinct ribosomal proteins.
Two subunits, a larger and a smaller one, make up each ribosome, and each of them has a distinct form.
Therefore, ribosome functions as a kind of linguist, translating the genetic information carried by mRNA into the language of protein.
Learn more about ribosomes here:
https://brainly.com/question/28888419
#SPJ2
filipowicz, w., bhattacharyya, s. n., and sonenberg, n. (2008). mechanisms of post-transcriptional regulation by micrornas: are the answers in sight? nat. rev. genet. 9, 102–114. doi: 10.1038/nrg2290
Mechanisms of post-transcriptional regulation by microRNAs: are the answers in sight, the statement is correct.
What is microRNA?microRNAs are the Short non-coding RNAs which is otherwise called as miRNAs that results in post-transcriptional gene expression.
MicroRNA discovered in Caenorhabditis elegans in 1993, on the other hand Gary Ravkun identified the miRNA target gene involve in posttranscriptional gene regulation.
These are small RNA molecules encoded in both plants and animals, highly conserved 22 nucleotides long RNA sequences and they regulate the expression of genes by binding to the 3'-untranslated regions.
A growing body of evidence shows that miRNAs are one of the key players in cell differentiation and growth, mobility and apoptosis.
miRNAs from other classes of small RNAs in the cell particularly the distinction from endogenous small interfering RNAs, regulate the development and physiology, understanding its biological role.
Learn more about microRNA, here:
https://brainly.com/question/28104693
#SPJ4
How can a target cell's response to a single hormone molecule result in a response that affects a million other molecules?
A target cell's response to a single hormone molecule result in a response that affects a million other molecules is through cascade cell signal transduction.
This pattern is common in signal transduction circuits. Transmission is maintained by a series of metabolic changes within the cell or by modifying the cell membrane potential through ion migration in and out of the cell. Receptors that trigger biochemical changes can do so either directly through intrinsic enzymatic activity inside the receptor or indirectly through the activation of intracellular messenger molecules.
One ion or molecule may activate several molecules in the following phase of a cascade of consecutive activations at each step. This amplifies the response at each stage, resulting in a significant amplification of the original signal.
To learn more about target cell response. Click, https://brainly.com/question/1604482
#SPJ4
When a sample accurately reflects the characteristics of the population, it is said to be _____.
When a sample accurately reflects the characteristics of the population, it is said to be representative sample.
What is a Population?
This is defined as the total number of people or elements in a particular area over a given period of time.
Representative sample on the other hand is commonly used in statistical analysis and forms a subset of a population. This type of sample must be however be free from any type of bias and also reflects the feature and characteristics of the population which is why it is referred to as a representation of the sample or data given.
Read more about Representative sample here https://brainly.com/question/25142707
#SPJ1
Studies examining the education level of inmates in correctional facilities found that many inmates had attained a(n) ________ _________ level of education or less.
Studies have shown that inmates have an eighth-grade education level or less.
What conclusions can be drawn from this?Crime is more associated with low adherence to education.The incarceration rate is inversely proportional to the education rate.When researching the educational level of American inmates, it was concluded that most inmates had an eighth-grade education level or less, which shows that lack of access to education is a common factor in individuals who engage in criminal activities.
This reinforces the need to create a quality education system and provide sufficient resources for all people to have access to these systems.
Thus, greater adherence to education will reduce the level of individuals involved in crime.
Learn more about the importance of education:
https://brainly.com/question/18599699
#SPJ1
If a child were born without a thymus gland, what cells and functions of the immune system would be deficient? Explain.
Fat mostly takes the place of the thymus. Due to their profound T cell deficiency and increased susceptibility to infections, children with congenital anthemia are born without a thymus.
What exactly is a thymus?Your lymphatic system includes a little gland called the thymus. Tonsils, spleen, and appendix are just a few of the organs, tissues, and channels that make up your lymphatic system. A component of your immune system is the lymphatic system. It supports immunity to sickness and infection.
What is the main function of thymus?The thymus is a vital organ for the immune system, which acts as the body's first line of defense, monitoring and protecting it from a variety of viruses, tumors, antigens, and mediators of tissue damage.
To know more about Thymus visit:
https://brainly.com/question/9095567
#SPJ4
A student who was trying to determine the concentration of escherichia coli in a sample completed a total plate count assay. After plating 1ml of the 10-6dilution tube and incubating the plate at 37C for 24 hours the student counted 210 colonies on the plate. What is the cfu/ml of the original sample?.
The cfu/ml of the original sample of escherichia coli is 2.1*10^8.
Concentration in chemistry can be calculated by dividing a constituent's abundance by the mixture's total volume. The concentration of the escherichia coli in a sample determined by a student would be 2.1*10^8. Mass concentration, molar concentration, number concentration, and volume concentration are four different categories of mathematical description.
Any type of chemical combination can be referred to by the term "concentration," however solutes and solvents in solutions are most usually mentioned. There are many types of molar (quantity) concentration, including normal concentration and osmotic concentration, the practice or act of focusing: the quality of being focused, especially: giving all of one's attention to one thing. A concentration inside a major or a major's academic major. The student decided to concentrate on law.
To know more about concentration refer to: brainly.com/question/26811246
#SPJ4
laboratory and field evaluation of host-related foraging odor-cue combinations to attract drosophila suzukii (diptera: drosophilidae). j
The invasive noticed-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), is a chief pest of smooth-skinned culmination. on account that its creation into North the USA and Europe, widespread development has been made in understanding the risky cues utilized by this fly at some point of food, oviposition site, and mate finding.
Drosophila suzukii enchantment and selectivity. In laboratory assays, men and women have been attracted to all seven character compounds, despite the fact that in electrophysiological assays, their antennae exhibited a dose-dependent reaction to most effective four of these compounds.
In -preference cage studies, the Fermentation lure turned into extra appealing to Drosophila suzukii than water controls, whereas β-cyclocitral and the aggregate of isoamyl acetate and isobutyl acetate have been now not attractive in this large-cage have a look at. moreover, adding the two-component H. uvarum compound blend to the Fermentation lure decreased Drosophila suzukii enchantment to the Fermentation mixture.
This study demonstrates that cues from distinctive resources may also interfere with every other and reduce Drosophila suzukii enchantment to in any other case attractive odor combinations.
Disclaimer:- your question is incomplete, please see below for complete question.
Laboratory and field evaluation of host-related foraging odor-cue combinations to attract drosophila suzukii (diptera: drosophilidae). j
Learn more about Drosophila here:- https://brainly.com/question/27652505
#SPJ4
Approximately how long did it take for the frequency of the dominant allele to fall to half its starting value?
It takes approximately 34 months for the frequency of the dominant allele to fall to half its starting value.
When allele frequencies change over time, it's called allele frequency drift. And it turns out that the rate of drift is usually pretty slow: on average, it takes approximately 34 months for the frequency of the dominant allele to fall to half its starting value.
Why does this matter? Well, if you're tracking the frequencies of alleles in a population over time, you need to take drift into account. Otherwise, you might think that the alleles are disappearing when they're actually just drifting to lower frequencies.
So, next time you're looking at allele frequencies, remember to factor in drift! It might not seem like a big deal, but it can definitely make a difference in your interpretation of the data.
Learn more on allele here:
https://brainly.com/question/20724296
#SPJ4
the validity of research based on standard experimental procedures as opposed to claims that cannot be tested justify your inference
The validity of research based on standard experimental procedures as opposed to claims that cannot be tested because there is proof behind the results.
The scientific factors include questions related to endpoint selection, the only-size-suits-all criterion, and the want for a greater bendy approach, e.g., evaluation of the degree of similarity.
Clinical research is the neutral, systematic, deliberate, and a couple of-step process that makes use of previously observed information to improve expertise that doesn't exist in the literature.
Research is creative and systematic work undertaken to increase the stock of understanding. It entails the gathering, enterprise and evaluation of information to increase understanding of a subject or problem. A research task can be a spread on past paintings in the field.
Learn more about research here:- https://brainly.com/question/25257437
#SPJ9
Clots in arteries can cause heart altacks and strokes. Why, then, does it make sense to treat people with hemophilia by introducing clotting factors into their blood?
Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder marked by a genetic incapacity to efficiently clot blood.
Although they are necessary proteins for the coagulation process, clotting factors do not really cause clotting. In order to treat hemophilia and avoid blood loss in the event of an accident or injury, clotting factors must be injected into the patient's blood.It can result in spontaneous bleeding as well as bleeding after an operation or an accident. A blood protein known as a clotting factor helps to stop bleeding.Clotting factors are plasma components required for blood to clot. Therefore, the best method for treating hemophilia is blood clotting factor replacement, which enables normal blood clotting. A clotting factor concentrate is routinely injected into a hemophilic person's vein as part of the treatment process.Learn more about the hemophilia with the help of the given link:
https://brainly.com/question/20601633
#SPJ4
A high level of ________ in the muscle fiber would slow glycolysis by inhibiting its rate limiting enzyme.
According to the research, the correct option is ATP. A high level of ATP in the muscle fiber would slow glycolysis by inhibiting its rate limiting enzyme.
What is glycolysis?It is a series of chemical reactions that cells use to obtain energy for different cellular processes.
In this sense, in this reaction ATP is required to provide energy for the process and phosphate to form the product, a high level of the same in the muscle fiber would slow this process, since it inhibits the enzyme; fructose-2,6-bisphosphate and is influenced by a combination of factors, including the availability of substrates, the concentration of regulatory enzymes and their activity levels, and the energy status of the muscle.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, the correct option is ATP. A high level of ATP in the muscle fiber would slow glycolysis by inhibiting its rate limiting enzyme.
Learn more about glycolysis here: https://brainly.com/question/14076989
#SPJ1
Since the day we are born, our brain is continuously learning as we observe and explore the world around us. the brain's ability to engage in this process is known as _____.
Answer:
Neuroplasticity
Explanation:
Neuroplasticity is what allows the brain to form connections as we learn and observe new things. It makes our learning faster and out memory sharper each time the brain makes a new connection or pathway.
phylogenies represent how different species or groups of organisms may be related through evolutionary time.
DNA-DNA hybridisation is used to check the similarity in organisms.
What is evolution?
Evolution is defined as change in the characteristics that acquired heritableyand of population exposed to generations which are successive. There are several stages of evolution through which an organism pass to achieve the evolution and these are mutation, after that genetic recombination, reproduction isolation, and natural selection.
The neck of the giraffe is the best example of evolution as the time change the length of the neck of the giraffe becomes long because due to height of tree they strech their neck and due to practice over a long time the evolution takes place and their neck become long in length. Evolution is a time taking or long process.
Therefore, DNA-DNA hybridisation is used to check the similarity in organisms.
Learn more about evolution here:
https://brainly.com/question/13492988
#SPJ1
What are the roles of gathering and interpreting data in the process of scientific inquiry?
The roles of gathering and interpreting data in the process of scientific inquiry are:
Scientific knowledge is based on data derived from direct or indirect observations of the natural physical world. We collect data using our senses: sight, hearing, touch, taste, smell - to observe. Careful observation often involves measuring something. Observations are influenced by what you already know.Data interpretation involves creating meaning from observations. The conclusion you draw from an observation is called an inference.
To learn more about scientific inquiry, refer to:
brainly.com/question/16164242
#SPJ4
She forms a hypothesis that color reaches the flower through the stem. What should Maria do to confirm the hypothesis
Answer:
Maria should then put the cut stem into the red colour water. Once this is done,Maria should keep the jar in a shade,and give it time to obtain the result. Of the flower gets some red sheds then the hypothesis is hold.
Explanation:
did this helps
A population of raccoons lives in a forested area with lots of trees. The raccoons eat insects, eggs, berries, nuts, and small animals such as
rodents and frogs. One of the main predators of the raccoons are coyotes, which also prey on rabbits.
Identify whether the changes to the ecosystem are more likely to increase or decrease the population of raccoons.
More permits to hunt
Pollution from a nearby farm
disease decreases
coyotes are approved.
decreases the population
the population of rabbits
of insects in the forest.
in the forest.
Large parts of the forest
Additional rain increases
Frogs in a pond near
are cut down for wood.
the population of plants
the forest experience |
in the forest.
population surge.
Increases Population
Decreases Population
Answer:
since theres 6 examples , im assuming 3 go in " increases " and 3 go in " decreases " so , here you go :
Explanation:
INCREASES : addition rain makes more plants grow ( if there are more plants , raccoons can get more food and plus the rabbits will also eat the plants so the coyotes might go for either which doesnt freak out the raccoons as much )
INCREASES : frogs grow in population ( similar to the rain / plant example , the raccoons will have more food available to them , which means that the babies wont die and raccoons wont die of hunger )
INCREASES : more coyote kill permits ( i mean , people who hunt want some type of challenge and saying you shot a coyote is way cooler than saying you shot a raccoon , and also less coyotes , less raccoons they need to eat )
DECREASES : pollution from the farm kills insects ( the raccoons will have less food since they eat insects which means more raccoons will die of hunger )
DECREASES : the disease kills off rabbits ( if there arent rabbits , then the coyotes will only have raccoons to eat so theyll end up killing off the raccoons )
DECREASES : wood is cut down ( thats going to remove the food that the raccoons eat such as eggs and rodents and nuts , so theyre probs going to starve to death )
please tell me this helps lol
What type of molecule should be able to pass through the cell membrane most easily?
Small and hydrophobic molecules should be able to pass through the cell membrane most easily.
The cell membrane is a selectively permeable membrane that separates the interior of a cell from the exterior of a cell.
The cell membrane is mainly made up of a phospholipid bilayer. The phospholipids are arranged in such a manner that the heads made of phosphate are pointing outwards and the tails made of lipids are pointing inwards.
The heads are hydrophilic whereas the tails are hydrophobic. Hence, molecules that are hydrophobic and small can easily pass through the cell membrane as they do not get trapped by the tails. On the other hand, hydrophilic molecules as well as large molecules will have difficulty passing through the cell membrane.
To learn more about hydrophobic molecules, click here:
https://brainly.com/question/11296446
#SPJ4
What are two examples of chemical weathering?(1 point)
abrasion and carbonation
abrasion and carbonation
hydrolysis and oxidation
hydrolysis and oxidation
oxidation and frost wedging
oxidation and frost wedging
exfoliation and hydrolysis
Answer:
oxidation and frost weathering
A lung biopsy and magnetic resonance imaging have confirmed the presence of a benign lung tumor in a client. Which characteristic is associated with this client's neoplasm?
The characteristic that is associated with this client's neoplasm of a benign lung tumor is that the tumor grows but is encapsulated and therefore cannot continue with its development.
What is a benign lung tumor?A benign lung tumor is a group of cells in the lung that proliferate in an uncontrolled way but they have a limit to producing a mass that does not grow more until reach to a boundary.
A benign lung tumor may remain over years and it does not represent a harmful risk for life of the patient/client.
In conclusion, the characteristic that is associated with this client's neoplasm of a benign lung tumor is that the tumor grows but is encapsulated and therefore cannot continue with its development.
Learn more about benign tumors here:
https://brainly.com/question/14366025
#SPJ1
following an action potential, activity of the reestablishes the sodium and potassium ion distribution across the cell membrane.
Following an action potential, activity of the sodium-potassium pump reestablishes the sodium and potassium ion distribution across the cell membrane.
An action potential is a sudden, brief change in the electrical potential of a cell. This shift in potential causes an ionic current that rapidly runs through the cell membrane. The sodium-potassium pump is an important part of this process, as it helps to restore the sodium and potassium ion distribution across the cell membrane.
After an action potential has passed, the sodium-potassium pump works to maintain the electrochemical gradient of the cell. This gradient is essential for keeping the cell in a state of homeostasis, or balance. The pump does this by moving sodium and potassium ions in and out of the cell.
The sodium-potassium pump is a vital part of cell function and is necessary for maintaining homeostasis within the cell.
Learn more on sodium-potassium pump here:
https://brainly.com/question/13597769
#SPJ4
Organic matter in soils make them less suited for agriculture. group of answer choices
a. true
b. false
Which of these is the lowest level of organization?
A. Organ
B. Tissue
C. Cell
D. Organ System
Answer: Cell
Explanation:
All the others are made up of cells
Answer: The levels, from smallest to largest, are: molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere.
Among the themes targeted by the national academy of engineering's grand challenges for engineering as 'essential for humans to flourish' is?
Environmental sustainability is among the themes targeted by the national academy of engineering's grand challenges for engineering as 'essential for humans to flourish'.
What is Environmental sustainability?Environmental sustainability makes reference to the sustainable use of natural resources in order to protect the Earth's planet, which is a fundamental ecological issue.
In conclusion, environmental sustainability is among the themes targeted by the national academy of engineering's grand challenges for engineering as 'essential for humans to flourish'.
Learn more about Environmental sustainability here:
https://brainly.com/question/4677073
#SPJ1
producing energy that fuels the activities of the cell is a function of the . a. myelin sheath b. axon terminals
producing energy that fuels the activities of the cell is a function of- c. cell body
Neurons are the structural and functional part of the nervous system. It is divided into dendrites, cell body and axon.
The dendrites are responsible for carrying the action potential into the cell. The cell body have the organelles like nucleus, mitochondria and nissl granules.
The axon carries the action potential into the next nerve cell. sometimes it can be covered with myelin sheath which increases the speed of transmission of nerve impulse.
Since mitochondria are responsible for producing the energy which are present in the cell body. Cell body will be producing energy required for cell.
To learn more about cell body here
https://brainly.com/question/950620
#SPJ4
ii) Explain why yam cannot follow cassava in a crop rotational plan.
In certain regions, cassava is sown shortly after or concurrently with yams. Cuttings from cassava are inserted into the yam mounds' sides. In other locations, beans, groundnuts, or maize are cultivated in between the cassava plants. It is best to avoid growing numerous crops at once.
Crop rotation – what is it?Crop rotation is the technique of successively growing different crops on the same plot of land in an effort to improve soil health, increase nutritional content, and minimize insect and weed pressure.
Why is crop rotation necessary and what does it entail?Crop rotation entails planting a series of various crops in one site across several seasons. Crop rotation contributes to long-term farm production maintenance or improvement of soil health.
To know more about Crop rotation visit:
https://brainly.com/question/17
#SPJ9