what was the first computer to defeat a world champion chess player?

The reformation in Europe was a complex and multi-faceted movement that developed over several decades, but some of the key steps that led to it include:

In the 1500s, the Protestant Reformation was a religious reform movement that swept through Europe. It resulted in the formation of a branch of Christianity known as Protestantism, a term used to refer to the many religious groups that split from the Roman Catholic Church due to doctrine differences.

The Protestant Reformation began on October 31, 1517, in Wittenberg, Germany, when Martin Luther, a teacher and monk, published a document titled Disputation on the Power of Indulgences, or 95 Theses.

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Answer:

im pretty sure its B or 2; efforts made by local groups to bring about change

Explanation:

Suleyman the Lawgiver and Akbar's empire saw a flourishing of architecture, the arts, and literature. Both Akbar the Great and Suleyman the Lawgiver, also referred to as Suleyman the Magnificent, are renowned for their military prowess in greatly enlarging their empires, their religious tolerance, their political and economic reforms, and their support for their societies' artistic and cultural endeavors.

Akbar the Great expanded the Mughal Empire to control the majority of the Indian subcontinent, successfully integrating non-Muslims into the empire, and establishing a strong centralized government through political and economic reforms.

Suleyman the Lawgiver became one of Europe's most powerful rulers through his conquests and expansion of the Ottoman Empire, is known for his changes to the legal and taxation systems, as well as other societal reforms, and ruled during the Ottoman Empire's Golden Age, when art and culture flourished throughout the empire.

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Answer:

President Franklin D. Roosevelt helped end the Great Depression by creating federal government programs. In about 100 days he signed the New Deal into law and created about 42 new agencies with in throughout the lifetime.

Explanation:

During the summer of 1929, the American economy experienced a slight recession as consumer spending decreased and inventories of unsold goods increased, which in turn affected industry output.

The global economic crisis, which lasted for about ten years (from late 1929 to around 1939), was characterized by rapid rises in rates of poverty and homelessness, mass unemployment, and deflationary falls in industrial production and price levels.

The biggest economic crisis in American history did not, however, affect everyone equally. The Great Depression actually helped business moguls like Walter Chrysler and William Boeing increase their wealth.

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After the end of World War II, the United States experienced an economic boom that came with the creation of postwar federal programs. The women impacted as the first on our returning servicemen, then college degrees and traditional roles.

World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945. The vast majority of the world's countries, including all of the great powers, fought as part of two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis.

Many participants threw their economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind this total war, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources.

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Answer: Morgan invented a safety helmet to protect the wearer from smoke and ammonia. He introduced his “Breathing Device” in 1912, received US Patent 1,090,036 two years later, and then established the National Safety Device Company. Walker became one of the most successful African American entrepreneurs of the early 20th century by creating a line of extremely popular hair care and beauty products for African Americans. She also helped other women succeed as an educator and philanthropist.

Explanation:

Answer:

The Nuremberg Trials effected International Criminal Law in the future. The Nuremberg Trials showed that the head of state could be held responsible for aggression and Crimes Against Humanity.

Perpetrators could no longer hide behind domestic legislation or the argument that they were merely carrying out orders. The Nuremberg trials also influenced the Genocide Convention, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Geneva conventions on the laws of war, all signed shortly after the war.

The Nuremberg trials established that all of humanity would be guarded by an international legal shield and that even a Head of State would be held criminally responsible and punished for aggression and Crimes Against Humanity.

The Nuremberg Trial is still relevant today, 75 years after its creation following World War II. It represents a revolutionary moment in the development of international law, transitional justice, and human rights, and it laid the foundation for the current International Criminal Court (ICC).

Explanation:

Answer: He explains that his escape method is still used by other slaves, so he does not want to publicize it. Douglass believes the underground railroad has received far too much attention. He also believes that, while the intent is noble, the slaves themselves suffer when they gain their freedom.

Conflicting readings of the amendment below were a significant factor in the Bank War.

The Bank War was a political war that broke out over the issue of rechartering the Second Bank of the United States while Andrew Jackson was president. As a result of the scandal, the bank was shut down and replaced by state banks. Jackson ultimately won the popular vote with 54 percent to Clay's 38 percent, a victory that ultimately caused the Bank to fail. Jackson took the chance of making the Bank issue the Democratic Party's deciding factor, compelling voters to pick between him and the Bank, and he clearly prevailed. Conflicting readings of the amendment below were a significant factor in the Bank War.

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True. The forced relocation of Native Americans to Indian Territory in the 19th century was known as the Trail of Tears.

It resulted in the deaths of thousands of Cherokee and other Native American people, with estimates of up to 4,000 Cherokee dying on the journey due to illness or exhaustion.

This relocation was ordered by President Andrew Jackson and was carried out by the US military. The forced relocation of Native Americans was a tragedy, and its effects are still felt today. Native American communities still suffer from the trauma caused by the Trail of Tears, and many Native American people continue to fight for the restoration of their rights and the recognition of their heritage.

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A worker who decides to quit their job and go to law school full time is considered to be not in the labor force

The number of people who are either working or unemployed but actively looking for work is referred to as the labor force. An employee who chooses to resign from their position and enrol in law school full-time would not be seen as being out of the labor field.

A person is not regarded as being in the labor force if they are not employed or actively seeking employment. In this case, the employee would be seen as a student who is not actively seeking employment. However, the person would be regarded as a member of the labor force once they complete law school and begin looking for work.

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The rise of consumerism and materialism was a critical transformation in the structure of American culture during the 1920s. America's outlook shifted as the country experienced an extraordinary economic boom. People began to be paid more, and there was a sudden increase in spending on discretionary goods that advertisements claimed people couldn't live without.

The previously established values in American society underwent significant changes from 1920 to 1930, commonly referred to as the "Roaring Twenties," shifting to materialistic and consumerist ideas. The upper classes lived extravagantly, unaware that many of them were riding on false prosperity. As the rich became richer and the poor became poorer, the gap between the upper and lower classes widened.

The advancement of the automobile industry, radio and motion picture production, and advanced technologies enabled this massive economic expansion. There were many notable critics of the decade who voiced their concerns in various ways.

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All of these changes happened after the passing of the Civil Rights Act.

One of the most significant accomplishments of the civil rights movement is arguably the Civil Rights Act of 1964. This important federal law outlawed discrimination on the grounds of national origin, racial or ethnic origin, or colour of skin. Public schools, governmental organisations, businesses, and other organisations that received federal funding were all covered by the law.

Titles, or parts of the law, addressed equal opportunities in several spheres of society. Voting rights, employment, public accommodations, education, and other topics were covered.  The prohibition against discrimination was expanded to encompass age and handicap discrimination through a number of laws passed in the 1960s and 1970s. They also used it for voting and housing.

The correct answer is option e.

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James Madison, in Federalist No. 51, is recommending a system of check and balances. (Option A).

James Madison was the fourth President of the United States, serving from 1809 to 1817. He is considered one of the "Founding Fathers" of the United States, and played a key role in the drafting of the United States Constitution and the Bill of Rights. Prior to his presidency, Madison served as a Member of the Continental Congress, as well as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate. Additionally, he also served as Thomas Jefferson's Secretary of State.

In Federalist No. 51, he is emphasizing the importance of a balance of power between the government and the citizens, and the need for government accountability and self-regulation.

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The bipartisan Violence Against Women Act Reauthorization Act of 2022, which was approved by Congress as a part of the Omnibus Appropriations Act, was signed into law by Vice President Biden.

The process by which Congress imposes modifications, additions, and deletions to the Higher Education Act is known as reauthorization. Legislation is created as a result of this process to modify the current educational initiatives in order to fulfill the evolving educational needs.

Technical changes to the draft law are often discussed by the full committee. The full committee also examines budgetary issues, taking into account both the price of putting the new law into action and its long-term effects on federal spending.

The measure is sent to the House and Senate for approval after being approved by the entire committee. At this stage, debate typically resumes with amendments put forth by congressional members with specialized interests but who are not on the committees.

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In my opinion, the modern US Constitution and the New York Constitution of 1777 are more different than alike. While both constitutions establish a system of government and outline the rights and responsibilities of citizens, there are several key differences between the two.

What is the US Constitution

The modern US Constitution, which was written in 1787, is a federal constitution that establishes a national government and outlines the powers of the different branches of government. On the other hand, the New York Constitution of 1777 is a state constitution that establishes the government of the state of New York.

Another significant difference is that the modern US Constitution has 27 amendments, which have expanded the rights and protections for citizens, whereas the New York Constitution of 1777 only has 14 articles, which focus mainly on the structure of the state government.

In conclusion, while both constitutions establish a system of government and outline the rights and responsibilities of citizens, the modern US Constitution and the New York Constitution of 1777 have several key differences. The US Constitution is a federal constitution that establishes a national government and outlines the powers of the different branches of government, while the New York Constitution of 1777 is a state constitution that establishes the government of the state of New York.

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The Ways the Legislative Branch checks the Judicial Branch:

Ways the Legislative Branch checks the Executive Branch:

   Real-life examples of these checks:

   Amending the Constitution to limit the power of the Judiciary: The 27th Amendment, which prohibits Congress from passing laws that affect their own pay until the next session, https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/common/briefing/Amendments_27.htm

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The Jews were scattered in small groups around the Roman Empire and Mediterranean Sea and often faced persecution, discrimination, and even death.

What do you mean by discrimination?

Discrimination is the unfair or prejudicial treatment of people based on their race, gender, age, sexual orientation, social class, or any other group they may belong to. It can manifest itself in many forms, such as unequal access to resources, unequal pay, or unequal treatment in the workplace.

Without a unified community and leadership, it was difficult for Judaism to survive and thrive. Additionally, without a centralized location and powerful political backing, it was much easier for other cultures and religions to assimilate and overtake the Jewish faith. Without a strong sense of identity and faith, many Jews assimilated into their surrounding culture and adopted their beliefs.

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An American sailor who is unfairly impressed by British and forced to serve in the British navy.

Sailor, seaman, mariner, or seafarer are all terms used to describe people who work as crew members aboard ships. There are several jobs available for sailors in the maintenance and operation of ships. The term "sailor" refers to any individual who operates a ship professionally, whether for the military navy or the civilian commercial navy, as a sport, or for leisure, regardless of the means of transportation. The job of a sailor dates back centuries, and the word "sailor" derives its etymological roots from a time when sailing ships were the primary means of maritime transit. Officers of the deck department include the master, his chief, second, and third officers.

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Triangular Trade featured the transportation of manufactured commodities from Europe to Africa, including cloth, spirit, tobacco, beads, etc.

From the 16th to the 19th centuries, the Atlantic slave trade used a three-way trans-Atlantic exchange system known historically as the triangle trade, which operated between Europe, Africa, and the Americas.

Triangular trade is defined as trade between three ports or locations. When an area has export commodities that are not required in the region from which its major imports are sourced, triangular trade normally develops. It has been used to adjust for regional trade imbalances.

Slaves grew the sugar used to make rum, which was then traded for more slaves. The Middle Passage was the sea channel west from Africa to the West Indies (and later, even to Brazil) in this circuit; its cargo consisted of abducted or recently purchased African slaves.

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In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, California experienced strong nativism directed primarily towards Asian immigrants, particularly those from China and Japan.

Nativism is an attitude or policy of preserving the interests of native inhabitants against those of immigrants. Nativists in California sought to limit the influx of Asian immigrants and restrict their rights and opportunities within the state.

They often used racist and discriminatory language and legislation to justify their actions. As a result, Asian immigrants faced significant barriers in terms of employment, housing, and political representation, and were often subject to violence and discrimination.

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Economic and religious factors contributed to the English attempts at colonization of the New World in the late 1500s.

Economic factors such as the desire for new markets, resources, and trade routes, as well as the desire to escape overpopulation and economic depression in England, were major contributors to the English attempts at colonization.

Additionally, religious factors such as the desire to spread Christianity and the belief in the "civilizing mission" of the English nation also played a role. The English government also provided support for colonization efforts through the issuance of charters and the funding of expeditions.

The desire for new land, resources and trade opportunities and the religious fervor to spread Christianity were the major factors that contributed to the English attempts at colonization of the New World in the late 1500s.

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During a brief battle between French and colonial Virginian soldiers, the first bullets of the French and Indian War were fired here.

Who was ensign Joseph Coulon de Jumonville?

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There were many important topics to debate when the 55 delegates met in Philadelphia to amend the Articles of Confederation, including representation, state vs federal powers, executive power, slavery, and commerce.

The 13 states of the United States of America, originally the Thirteen Colonies, came to an agreement known as the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union, which functioned as the country's first system of governance.

On November 15, 1777, the Second Continental Congress approved it following lengthy discussion and forwarded it to the states for ratification. On March 1, 1781, the Articles of Confederation became operative after being ratified by every state.

Establishing and upholding the states' independence and sovereignty was one of the Articles' guiding principles. Only those powers that the former colonies had acknowledged as being the property of the king and parliament were granted to the feeble central authority constituted by the Articles.

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Answer:

1. Archaeologists infer that ancient cities were run by a few wealthy families, rather than a centralized ruler, based on the evidence they find at archaeological sites. For example, they may find large, opulent residences that are much larger and more elaborate than the houses of the common people, suggesting that they belonged to the elite. They may also find evidence of craft production and trade, which would have been controlled by a small group of wealthy individuals or families. Additionally, they may find inscriptions or other written records that indicate the presence of powerful families or factions within the city, rather than a single ruler.

2. 1 - Irrigation: The ancient cities developed systems for bringing water from nearby rivers or other sources to their fields, allowing them to grow crops in areas that would otherwise have been too dry. This technology made farming more efficient and allowed for the growth of crops that required more water, such as rice and sugarcane.

2 - The wheel and plows: The wheel was used for transportation and plows were used for tilling the land, which made farming more efficient and productive. It allowed farmers to cover more land in less time and to use animals to pull plows and wagons, reducing the amount of human labor required

3 - Writing: Writing systems were developed to keep records of trade, government, and daily life. This technology allowed for the creation of written records, such as contracts, laws, and records of transactions. It also allowed for the spread of knowledge and ideas, and for the preservation of history.

3. Coins and art can provide valuable insight into the societies that produced them. Coins, for example, can reveal information about the monetary system and economy of a society, as well as its political structure and the images and inscriptions on them can provide information about religious beliefs and cultural values. Art can provide similar information, as well as a glimpse into the society's aesthetic preferences and technical abilities.

One theory about why ancient societies "disappeared" is environmental degradation, which can occur when a society overuses and depletes its natural resources. This can lead to soil erosion, deforestation, and loss of biodiversity, making it difficult for the society to sustain itself. Climate change and drought can also lead to collapse of ancient societies, as well as overpopulation, warfare, invasion, and technological advancement of their enemies.

Which 1990 romance film would Channing Tatum like to remake.The subject matter of the genre typically covers love-related difficulties.

The relationship between the two main characters is typically the main emphasis of romance film storylines. The subject matter of the genre typically covers love-related difficulties. Patrick Swayze, Demi Moore, Whoopi Goldberg, Tony Goldwyn, Vincent Chaveri, Rick Aviles, and Bruce Joel Rubin star in the 1990 American romantic fantasy film Ghost. Jerry Zucker is the director. After his production firm acquired the rights to the 1990s romantic comedy Ghost, Channing Tatum made a hint about a potential remake. In 1990, Jamai Raja, a romantic action movie from India, was released. Hema Malini, Anil Kapoor, and Madhuri Dixit play the main roles in the Kodandarami Reddy-directed movie. This film is a remake of the 1989 Telugu film Attaku Yamudu Ammayiki Mogudu.

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True The Soviet Union became the third superpower in the world in 1949 when they tested and detonated the atomic bomb.

In Miranda v. Arizona Brainly, what did the Supreme Court decide?

The Supreme Court ruled in Miranda v. Arizona (1966) that detained criminal suspects must be informed of their constitutional right to an attorney and to avoid self-incrimination prior to police questioning.

What was the majority's decision in Miranda v. Arizona?

The opinion of the 5-4 majority, which came to the conclusion that the defendant's interrogation was in violation of the Fifth Amendment, was delivered by Chief Justice Earl Warren in a decision for Miranda.

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Early American sociologists advanced social research by putting to the test and applying European sociologists' theories. Lester Ward created social research techniques and promoted the use of the scientific method and numerical data to demonstrate the efficacy of regulations. Social scientists realized they had to use empirical methods if sociology was to become respected in American academia.

A Harvard-educated historian named William Edward Burghardt (W.E.B.) Du Bois was the first to utilize rigorous empirical techniques in sociology. Du Bois interviewed hundreds of people for his ground-breaking 1896–1897 study of the African American community in Philadelphia. His goal was to record the familial and employment structures and identify the main problems facing the group. A proclamation that demanded immediate political, economic, and social equality for African Americans was written in 1905 by him and others.

George Herbert Mead was a philosopher and sociologist whose research centered on how social processes affect how the mind and the self grow.

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