What is the message conveyed by this source

What Is The Message Conveyed By This Source

Answers

Answer 1

The message conveyed by the cartoon is that Germany was responsible for the invasion and occupation of Belgium during the war.

What does the cartoon show ?

The "No Throughfare" cartoon deftly portrays the valiant struggle of Belgium as a brave, albeit small and vulnerable country that successfully thwarted the powerful forces of Germany during World War I. The depiction showcases an older German man attempting to gain access while facing fierce resistance from a defiant Belgian boy.

This poignant image represents the Belgian people's unrelenting spirit in preserving their sovereignty, despite being confronted by a much stronger enemy. By denying entry, this symbolic and resolute gesture demonstrates Belgium's ardent commitment to sustain its independence and guard against any would-be suppressors.

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Related Questions

These countries were part of NATO * Canada and Soviet Union
Italy and United States
United States and Soviets
Belgium and Poland​

Answers

The countries that are part of NATO are

Italy and United StatesBelgium and Poland​

What is NATO?

NATO, is an abbreviation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, this is a military alliance formed in 1949 by various North American and European nations in response to potential aggression from the Soviet Union and other adversaries during the Cold War era.

Italy and the United States were among these countries, alongside Canada, Belgium, and Poland. Nonetheless, the Soviet Union was not a NATO member as one of the possible aggressors that NATO aimed to discourage.

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In the battle of Britain which lasted between the months of _________ and ______________ of 1940 the Luftwaffe bombed British targets. One night there were over 1000 German planes over Britain. Group of answer choices January, November October, March July, December June, September

Answers

In the battle of Britain which lasted between the months of July and December of 1940 the Luftwaffe bombed British targets. One night there were over 1000 German planes over Britain.

How did the Battle of Britain go?

Between July and December of 1940, the Battle of Britain ensued. This air campaign was a significant conflict waged between the British Royal Air Force (RAF) and Germany's Luftwaffe during World War II.

Targeting cities, airfields, and military installations, the Luftwaffe launched an extensive bombing operation in their efforts to weaken the defending force and plan for a full-scale invasion of the country. Nevertheless, through superior technology, tactics, and leadership, the RAF skillfully protected the nation against the continuous bombardment carried out by the Luftwaffe.

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50 points and brainliest please help

What do you think should be done to manage growth? Discuss your personal

thoughts/feelings on this topic:

● What did you find surprising?

● How do you think this issue will impact you and your family?

● How will population changes affect the future?

● What solutions do you think will work best to manage growth and why?

Answers

Answer:

What did you find surprising? One surprising aspect of managing population growth is the fact that it involves balancing competing priorities, such as economic development, environmental sustainability, and social equity. Additionally, population growth is often driven by factors such as immigration and fertility rates, which are influenced by a variety of factors and can be difficult to predict.

How do you think this issue will impact you and your family? The impact of population growth will vary depending on factors such as location, socioeconomic status, and lifestyle preferences. For example, people living in urban areas may experience issues such as traffic congestion and air pollution, while people in rural areas may face challenges such as limited access to healthcare and other services.

How will population changes affect the future? Population changes will have far-reaching impacts on the future, including the availability of natural resources, the demand for goods and services, and the distribution of political power. Additionally, population growth can exacerbate issues such as climate change, economic inequality, and social unrest.

What solutions do you think will work best to manage growth and why? There is no one-size-fits-all solution to managing population growth, as the approach will depend on factors such as the location, population size, and cultural context. Some potential solutions could include promoting sustainable development practices, such as green infrastructure and public transportation, investing in education and family planning programs, and promoting policies that encourage economic and social equity. Ultimately, effective management of population growth will require collaboration and cooperation across different sectors and communities.

Before 400 CE, Japan was not a unified nation but was ruled by hundreds of different family -City-States -Clans -Emperors -Dictators​

Answers

Before 400 CE, Japan was ruled by hundreds of different clans. These clans were often led by powerful families who controlled different regions of Japan. The leaders of these clans were known as chieftains or clan heads, and they often engaged in warfare with each other to expand their territories and gain power. The clans were not united under a single government, and there was no central authority that could enforce laws or maintain order throughout Japan. This period of Japanese history is known as the Kofun period, and it lasted from around 250 CE to 538 CE.

Answer.Emperors

Explanation:

It’s because

the background essay on the berlin airlift Do you agree with Mr. Bingham? Why or Why not? USE A TS, CD, CM

Answers

The crisis began on June 24, 1948, when Soviet troops barred Allied-controlled portions of Berlin from being accessed by train, road, and water. In response, American and United Kingdom aircraft were sent to fly supplies from Allied airfields in western Germany to Berlin.

Over a period of several hundred years, the countries that made up the United Kingdom underwent a number of annexations, unions, and divisions. The Kingdom of Great Britain was created in 1707 as a result of the Treaty of Union, which united the Kingdoms of England Soviet troops (which included Wales) and Scotland.

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was created in 1801, following its union with the Kingdom of Ireland.

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Match the muckraker and their book with its cause.
Lincoln Steffens-The Shame of Cities
Upton Sinclair - The Jungle
John Spargo-The Bitter Cry of Children
Jacob Riis-How the Other Half Lived
child labor in coal mines
political machines
conditions in meat packing plants and consumer meats
tenement building conditions and poverty

Answers

Answer:

lincoln Steffens-The Shame of Cities: political machines

Upton Sinclair - The Jungle: conditions in meat packing plants and consumer meats

John Spargo-The Bitter Cry of Children: child labor in coal mines

Jacob Riis-How the Other Half Lived: tenement building conditions and poverty

Which is true of North Korea's economy?
O Production of military products has resulted in a strong economy.
O Many market economy policies have been put in place.
O There is private ownership of farms and factories.
O The government controls the production of goods.

Answers

The statement "The government controls the production of goods" is true of North Korea's economy. North Korea operates as a command economy, where the state or the government owns and controls the means of production, distribution, and exchange of goods and services, and plays a dominant role in determining the economy's direction and development. There is no private ownership of farms and factories, and many market economy policies have not been put in place. While North Korea's production of military goods has allowed it to invest heavily in defense, it has resulted in economic hardship for many North Korean citizens.

Describe the purpose of the two navigational instruments adapted and perfected
by Muslims.

Answers

The two navigational instruments adapted and perfected by Muslims were :

astrolabe compass

What was the purpose of these navigation instruments ?

Muslim scholars in the 8th and 9th centuries repurposed the astrolabe, an ancient astronomical tool, for navigating the seas. The device enabled seafarers to calculate their latitude by estimating the angle formed between the horizon and the North Star, particularly across open waters.

As for the compass, it originated in China but attained significant advancements from Muslim scientists during the Middle Ages. By pointing towards magnetic north, sailors could now easily establish their heading through variables such as fog, clouds, and storms.

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Which occurred as a result of the revolutions in manufacturing and transportation?
O Prices went up.
O Consumers had fewer goods to choose from.
O People could buy goods from businesses in far off places.
O Many men lost their factory jobs.

Answers

The answer will be v people could buy goods from business

Who was the
President during the
Nullification Crisis of
1828?

Answers

Answer:

The President during the Nullification Crisis of 1828 was Andrew Jackson.

Explanation:

What is quantitative identity in Philosophy?

Answers

Answer:

In philosophy, quantitative identity refers to the property of being identical in number or quantity. When two things have quantitative identity, they share the same numerical value or amount. For example, two apples may have quantitative identity if they both have the same weight or number of seeds. Quantitative identity is one of several types of identity that philosophers distinguish, including qualitative identity (sharing the same qualities or properties) and numerical identity (being one and the same thing).

Explanation:

hnathannes brahms destoryed or left many because of his work unplublished because a. he didnt want to be suceessful Answer asap for brainlist
b. he thought they were too good to publish
c. he was a perfectionist and was never satisfied with them

Answers

C. He was a perfectionist and was never satisfied with them

how were men treated in Vietnam

Answers

Answer:

Men in Vietnam were often subjected to harsh living conditions and faced the constant threat of enemy attacks. They also had to deal with the psychological toll of being away from their families and loved ones for extended periods of time.

Explanation:

How did northern-
ers and southerners use the economy
to support their reason for opposing
abolition?

Answers

The way that the Northerners and Southerners used economy to support their reasons for supporting or opposing abolition was by pointing to how their economies were better.

How did the Northerners and Southerners do this ?

Southern citizens heavily relied on slave labor especially for crops such as tobacco, cotton and other produce. They argued that the abolition of this trade would negatively impact their economy resulting in cheap labour loss necessary to continue production.

On the contrary, many Northern citizens viewed slavery as a nationwide economic burden. The reliance on slave labor was seen to stifle progress, productivity and advancement particularly because innovation could not occur with low-wage or free labour.

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- President Wilson's Fourteen Points plan called for
A Germany to pay war reparations to the Allies.
B Germany to acknowledge guilt for the outbreak of World
War I.
C the creation of the United Nations.
D the creation of the League of Nations.

Answers

President Wilson's Fourteen Points plan called for the creation of the League of Nations. The League of Nations was an international organization that aimed to promote peace and security by resolving conflicts between countries through diplomacy and negotiation. It was one of the key proposals in President Wilson's plan for a post-World War I world order. While the plan also called for a reduction in armaments, freedom of the seas, and the establishment of national self-determination, none of the other options listed here were included in the Fourteen Points plan.

~~~Harsha~~~

The Boston Police Strike of 1919 made which group look bad? A. Voting Citizens Labor Unions​

Answers

The Boston Police Strike of 1919 made the Labor Unions look bad.

Which of these contributions from the Song dynasty changed the future of warfare?

Gunpowder
Trebuchet
Phalanx
Seige

Answers

Answer:

Gunpowder

Explanation:

Gunpowder was the contribution from the Song dynasty that changed the future of warfare. The Song dynasty in China was the first to develop gunpowder, which they initially used for fireworks and later for military purposes. By the 14th century, guns were widely used in warfare, and gunpowder had revolutionized the way wars were fought. The use of gunpowder led to the development of new weapons such as cannons, muskets, and rifles, which changed the nature of warfare and made armor obsolete. It also changed the balance of power between different military forces, enabling smaller armies to defeat larger ones. Therefore, gunpowder was a significant contribution from the Song dynasty that changed the future of warfare.

The U.S.and Texas governments are structured with a system of checks and balances. This is designed to _______________.
a.
get laws passed as quickly as possible
b.
prevent any one branch of government from having too much power
c.
make a constitution easier to amend
d.
help the three branches of government work together as smoothly as possible


Please select the best answer from the choices provided

Answers

Answer:

b) prevent any one branch of government from having too much power

Explanation:

This form of government was created so that one person doesn't have all of the power and become oppressive.

Lines 1-11: What historical details in the first paragraph did Shakespeare probably draw on when developing the plot and characters in Macbeth?

Answers

Answer:

Please help me by marking me the brainliest

Explanation:

There are several historical details in the first paragraph of Macbeth that Shakespeare likely drew upon for inspiration:

1) King Duncan - Duncan was the name of actual Scottish kings, suggesting Shakespeare may have modeled Macbeth's king after a particular ruler. Duncan I was king when Macbeth ruled, allowing Shakespeare to base details on this time period.

2) Thane of Cawdor - The Thane of Cawdor was an actual nobleman's title in Scotland, demonstrating Shakespeare's knowledge of the political system and titles. Macbeth holding this title made him a key figure.

3) Macbeth - The name Macbeth itself originates from medieval Scotland. It likely came from a bellicose 12th century ruler, providing a historical precedent for the play's protagonist.

4) Malcolm III - There were several Malcolm kings in Scottish history, and Malcolm III reigned during Duncan I's time, as in the play. Shakespeare may have seen Malcolm as a counterpart to Macbeth.

5) Relation of the Murder of King Duncan - Shakespeare mentions the "relation of the murder of King Duncan" to frame the play as historical, rooted in real events (though fictionalized). This helped legitimize the Scottish setting and political intrigue.

6) Kingdom of Scotland - By anchoring the play in the "Kingdom of Scotland," Shakespeare gives it a sense of historical authenticity and helps audiences see parallels between past and present. Scottish history was of interest to the English at the time.

7) 10th-12th Centuries - While not specified, the power dynamics, titles, names and events suggest the 10th to 12th centuries in Scotland, a turbulent time that would inspire Shakespeare.

In summary, Shakespeare likely used actual Scottish kings, nobles, titles, places and time periods as the basis for characters, settings and events in Macbeth. Historically-grounded references would make the play's political intrigues and succession crisis feel authentic and palpable to audiences. Medieval Scotland was a rich source for Shakespeare to draw upon, even in crafting a fictional tragedy.

The paragraph's opening lines effectively immerse the reader in the play's historical backdrop before launching into the tragic tale of murder, political upheaval and guilt that follows. Shakespeare had historico-political details in mind from the very first words.

Does this help explain the historical inspirations Shakespeare probably drew upon in developing the plot and characters of Macbeth? Let me know if any part of the analysis is unclear or if you have additional questions. I can also discuss any other aspects of the play or its historical context in more depth.

What does Schindler say he is good at?​

Answers

Answer:

In the movie "Schindler's List," Oskar Schindler describes himself as a businessman and claims that he is good at making money. He believes that his business acumen and connections with Nazi officials can be used to his advantage in helping to protect the Jewish workers in his factory from persecution and death.

Schindler initially views his actions as a way to profit from the war and exploit the labor of the Jewish workers, but as he witnesses the atrocities committed against them, he becomes more compassionate and begins to see them as people rather than just a means to an end.

As the war continues, Schindler puts his business skills to work in order to save as many Jewish workers as possible, often at great risk to himself. He uses his influence with Nazi officials to secure the release of workers from concentration camps and ultimately spends his entire fortune bribing officials and providing for the Jewish workers in his factory.

Answer:

In the movie Schindler's List, Oskar Schindler says he is good at making money.

Explanation:

-What wars will the world up fighting in the future?

-What will they look like (how will the wars be fought)?

-Why will they fight or what are the reasons for fighting(be specific)

Answers

C is the correct answer

Why did the United States provide military assistance to the Mujahideen in Afghanistan during the 1980s?
Explain the rise of the Taliban in Afghanistan in the 1990s, and why the regime became an enemy of the United States. In light of the U.S. invasion of Afghanistan in 2001, do you think the United States could have adopted a different policy toward Afghanistan in the 1980s?

Answers

Answer:

At the end of 1979 the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan in order to support the Communist-inspired Afghan government. This led to a decade-long conflict in which the anti-Soviet Islamic Mujahideen rebels were supported by the United States. Here, Daniel Boustead tells us about the conflict and some of the negative unintended consequences of American support for the rebels.

Explanation:

From 1979 to 1989 the Americans supported the Mujahideen Islamic rebels in their fight against the Soviet Union’s invasion. The Americans supported the rebels as a means of inflicting their own “Vietnam” on the Soviet Union. The decision in sending weapons to the anti-Communist rebels helped turn the tide of the war in the rebels favor and doomed the Soviet Union - and later the USA. American support for rebels in Afghanistan, was one of a number of Carter and Reagan’s foreign policy blunders that hurt America and Israel. The U.S. decision to support the rebels in Afghanistan was a strategic miscalculation and the wrong way to overcome our defeat in Vietnam. This was known as “Vietnam Syndrome”, which haunts America to this day.

U.S efforts to support the rebels appeared as far back as March 1979 in classified protocols at the Jimmy Carter White House ([1]). This was done because the U.S. was worried about increased Soviet involvement in propping up the weak pro-Communist puppet state in Afghanistan. The Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan in late December 1979 ([2]). In the very first hours after the Soviet Union invaded, President Jimmy Carter’s National Security Advisor Zbigniew Brzezinski said “He hoped the Soviets could be punished for invading Afghanistan, that they could be tied down and bloodied the way the United States had been in Vietnam” ([3]). At the start of the conflict the American government started sending the rebels some captured Soviet weapons as a means of getting revenge for the Soviet’s (limited) involvement in the Vietnam War, while keeping their involvement minimal (6). This was a bad decision because the Islamic fundamentalism of the recent Iranian Revolution was also coming to Afghanistan.

What is the gada system?

Answers

Answer:

This system regulates political, economic, social and religious activities of the community dealing with issues such as conflict resolution etc. It serves as a mechanism for enforcing moral conduct, building social cohesion, and expressing forms of community culture.

Answer:

The gada system is a traditional system of governance used by the Oromo people of Ethiopia. It is based on a cyclical generation system where power and leadership rotate between different age sets every eight years.

Explanation:

How did their tax policy help the Aztecs gain, consolidate, and/or maintain power?

Answers

Answer:

The Aztecs collected taxes from merchants, artisans, and barrios. This helped to bring people together and unify them. It also provided a source of revenue that the Aztecs could use to maintain their power and expand their empire.

What is the most important distiction (difference) and commonality between the Northern and Southern Renaissance?

Your response should be 3-4 sentences long

Answers

The 15th and 16th centuries are known as the Renaissance, a time in European history that marks the passage from the Middle Ages to modernity. The Renaissance was characterized by an attempt to resurrect and outdo the concepts and accomplishments of ancient antiquity.

The French term "renaissance" means "rebirth." It alludes to a time in European history when the knowledge and wisdom of the Classical era flourished.

Different nations experienced the Renaissance at different times; Italy was the first to experience it, starting in the 14th century, whereas England did not experience it until the 16th century. The Renaissance had ended by the early 17th century, according to the majority of historians.

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How did Rome’s growing republic affect small farmers

Answers

Small farmers bought more land, allowing them to move into a higher social class.
Small farmers could not compete with higher levels of production from large estates. Small farmers lost income because their farms were not connected to cities by roads.

The chapter introduction recounts the stories of returning GI Timuel Black and nurse Betty Basye. The point drawn from these anecdotes is how

Answers

The experiences of returning World War II veterans and the women who served in the war effort were instrumental in shaping post-war America.

Timuel Black's experience as a soldier in World War II exposed him to the harsh realities of segregation and racism, which he later fought against as a civil rights activist. Similarly, Betty Basye's work as a nurse during the war gave her a sense of empowerment and independence, which she carried into her post-war life as a working woman.

These stories illustrate how the war experience transformed the lives of many Americans and set in motion social and cultural changes that would shape the nation for decades to come.

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Question 8(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)
(03.04 MC)Which of the following is a similarity between the Egyptians and the Native Americans of the Southwest?
O Human sacrifice
O Irrigation
O Hieroglyphics
O Oral tradition

Answers

A similarity between the Egyptians and the Native Americans was B.  Irrigation

How was irrigation a shared trait ?

Sophisticated irrigation systems were developed by both Egyptians and Native Americans of the Southwest in order to support agriculture. The Nile river served as a primary source for irrigation in ancient Egypt, where they constructed canals and channels to allocate water to farms and fields.

In regards to the Native Americans of the Southwest, including the Hopi and Navajo, conducting extensive work with canals, ditches, and reservoirs alike was critical to irrigating crops located within arid regions.

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When a business is the one supplier of a good or service and no close substitutes exist, this is called

Answers

Answer:

When a business is the only supplier of a good or service and there are no close substitutes available, this is called a monopoly. A monopoly gives the company significant control over the market, allowing them to set higher prices and restrict output. This lack of competition can also lead to reduced innovation and a lack of incentive to improve products or services. Monopolies are generally considered harmful to consumer welfare, which is why many countries have antitrust laws and regulations in place to prevent them.

what is government and what is World War 2 explain




I need a friend can anyone be​

Answers

Answer:

Government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, often a state or country. The government is responsible for making and enforcing laws, providing essential services, and protecting the rights and freedoms of its citizens.

World War 2, also known as the Second World War, was a global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It was the deadliest conflict in human history, involving the majority of the world's nations, including all the great powers. The war was primarily caused by the aggressive foreign policies of Nazi Germany under the leadership of Adolf Hitler, who sought to expand Germany's territory and establish a global hegemony. The war ended with the defeat of the Axis powers, including Germany, Italy, and Japan, and the establishment of the United Nations to promote peace and international cooperation. The war had a profound impact on the world, resulting in the deaths of millions of people, the displacement of millions more, and the reshaping of the global political order.

Explanation:

Other Questions
Problem 23-1 Expected yield You own a bond with an annual coupon rate of 5% maturing in two years and priced at 86%. Suppose that there is a 8% chance that at maturity the bond will default and you will receive only 44% of the promised payment. Assume a face value of $1,000. a. What is the bond's promised yield to maturity? (Enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places.) Answer is complete and correct. Promised yield 13.44 % b. What is its expected yield (i.e., the possible yields weighted by their probabilities)? (Enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places.) X Answer is complete but not entirely correct. Expected yield 12.84 % The Product Owner should invite stakeholders to the Sprint Retrospective. the ed nurse completes the admission assessment. client is alert but struggles to answer questions. when he attempts to talk, he slurs his speech and appears very frightened. which additional clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to find if client's symptoms have been caused by a stroke? In a survey of 2728 adults, 1446 say they have started paying bills online in the last year.Construct a 99% confidence interval for the population proportion. Interpret the results.Question content area bottomPart 1A 99% confidence interval for the population proportion is enter your response here,enter your response here.(Round to three decimal places as needed.)Part 2Interpret your results. Choose the correct answer below.A.With 99% confidence, it can be said that the population proportion of adults who say they have started paying bills online in the last year is between the endpoints of the given confidence interval.B.With 99% confidence, it can be said that the sample proportion of adults who say they have started paying bills online in the last year is between the endpoints of the given confidence interval.C.The endpoints of the given confidence interval show that adults pay bills online 99% of the time. T/F: Osteopenia is thinner-than-average bone density. This term is used to describe the condition of someone who does not yet have osteoporosis, but is at risk for developing it. The order is for ibuprofen oral drops 10 mg/kg of body weight. The client weighs 62 lbs. Motrin oral drops are supplied in bottles containing 40 mg/mL. How many milliliters will the nurse administer? (Report to the nearest whole number.)mL. When homeostasis is disturbed by blood pressure increasing is the vasomotor center inhibited or stimulated and it results in what? a mother tells the nurse that she wants to discontinue breastfeeding her 8- month-old infant. what should the nurse recommend regarding the infant's feedings? An agricultural company would like to predict cotton yield per acre in a certain area using rainfall 7) (in inches). Identify the explanatory variable. a) farm size, b) variety of cotton growth, c) rainfall in inches, d) yield per acre, e) the agricultural company 50 yo M presents with right shoulder pain after falling onto his outstretched hand while skiing. He noticed deformity of his shoulder and had to hold his right arm. What the diagnose? According to the Keynesian framework, which of the following may help a country reduce inflation, but will not help that country to get out of a recession?a. an increase in military spendingb. increased spending by the government on health carec. an increase in taxes on business investmentsd. a decrease in the tax rate on consumer income When Landon moved into a new house, he planted two trees in his backyard. At the time of planting, Tree A was 24 inches tall and Tree B was 40 inches tall. Each year thereafter, Tree A grew by 9 inches per year and Tree B grew by 5 inches per year. Let A represent the height of Tree A t years after being planted and let B represent the height of Tree B t years after being planted. Write an equation for each situation, in terms of ,t, and determine the height of both trees at the time when they have an equal height. Water runs into a fountain, filling all the pipes, at a steady rate of 0.757 m3/s. (A) How fast will it shoot out of a hole 4.51cm in diameter? (B) At what speed will it shoot out if the diameter of the hole is three times as large? t/f: CGI is a DBMS programming language that end users and programmers use to manipulate data in the database. According to the environment-industry-organization fit model, certain industriessoft drink bottlers, beer distributors, food processors, and container manufacturerswould fit and align more effectively in which of these cells? a.Cell 3 b.Cell 2 c.Cell 4 d.Cell 1 e.None of these. list two conditions which promote successful transmission of political attitudes, such as partisanship and ideology, from parents to their children. What are the three components of Virchow'striad? according to the neuman systems model, the flexible external line of defense in a family is considered a ____ mechanism QUESTION 1: What is the type of chemical reaction used to rebuild ADP into ATP?a. hydrolysisb. dehydration synthesisc. rehydration synthesis Centre Black Company planned to produce 40,000 units of product and work at the 100,000 direct labour hours level of activity for 2020. Manufacturing overhead at this level of activity and the predetermined overhead rate is as follows:PredeterminedOverhead Rate perDirect Labour HourVariable manufacturing overhead $600,000 $6Fixed manufacturing overhead 300,000 3Total manufacturing overhead $900,000 $9At the end of 2020, 44,000 units were actually produced and 107,400 direct labour hours were actually worked. Total actual manufacturing overhead costs were $950,000, of which $610,000 was variable.InstructionsCalculate the following variances and indicate whether they are favourable or unfavourable:a) Variable overhead budget variance.b) Fixed overhead volume variance.