What is a premium in personal finance HEEEEELLPPP

Premium has multiple meanings in finance, with the first being the total cost to buy an option. A premium is also the difference between the price paid for a fixed-income security and the security's face amount at issue.

Source: Investopedia

Privott, Inc., manufactures and sells two products: Product Z9 and Product N0. The company is considering adopting an activity-based costing system with the following activity cost pools, activity measures, and expected activity:
Estimated Expected Activity
Activity Overhead
Measures Cost Product Z9 Product N0 Total
Labor-related DLHs $328,018 6,800 3,400 10,200
Product testing tests 47,747 600 700 1,300
Order size MHs 473,108 4,400 4,700 9,100
$848,873
The activity rate for the Labor-Related activity cost pool under activity-based costing is closest to:______.
a. $28.88 per DLH.
b. $48.81 per DLH.
c. $53.94 per DLH.
d. $431.44 per DLH.

McNulty, Inc., produces desks and chairs. A new CFO has just been hired and announces a new policy that if a product cannot earn a margin of at least 30 percent, it will be dropped. The margin is computed as product gross profit divided by reported product cost.Manufacturing overhead for year 1 totaled $799,000. Overhead is allocated to products based on direct labor cost. Data for year 1 show the following:
Chairs DesksSales revenue $1,240,000 $2,286,900Direct materials 587,000 830,000Direct labor 150,000 320,000Required:a-1. Based on the CFO's new policy, calculate the profit margin for both chairs and desks.Profit marginChairs ?%Desks ?%a-2. Which of the two products should be dropped?ChairsDesksb. Regardless of your answer in requirement (a), the CFO decides at the beginning of year 2 to drop the chair product. The company cost analyst estimates that overhead without the chair line will be $680,000. The revenue and costs for desks are expected to be the same as last year. What is the estimated margin for desks in year 2? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer as a percentage rounded to 1 decimal place.)Estimated margin for desks- Year 2 ?%

The cash account of Aguilar Co. showed a ledger balance of $3,969.85 on June 30, 2020. The bank statement as of that date showed a balance of $4,150. Upon comparing the statement with the cash records, the following facts were determined.

1. There were bank service charges for June of $25.
2. A bank memo stated that Bao Dai’s note for $1,200 and interest of $36 had been collected on June 29, and the bank had made a charge of $5.5 on the collection. (No entry had been made on Aguilar’s books when Bao Dai’s note was sent to the bank for collection.)
3. Receipts for June 30 for $3,390 were not deposited until July 2.
4. Checks outstanding on June 30 totaled $2,136.05.
5. The bank had charged the Aguilar Co.’s account for a customer’s uncollectible check amounting to $253.2 on June 29.
6. A customer’s check for $90 (as payment on the customer’s Accounts Receivable) had been entered as $60 in the cash receipts journal by Aguilar on June 15.
7. Check no. 742 in the amount of $491 had been entered in the cash journal as $419, and check no. 747 in the amount of $58.2 had been entered as $582. Both checks had been issued to pay for purchases and were payments on Aguilar’s Accounts Payable.

Required:
a. Prepare a bank reconciliation dated June 30, 2020, proceeding to a correct cash balance.
b. Prepare any entries necessary to make the books correct and complete.

$370,000, at 9% annual interest, from Interest is paid when the loan matures one year from the issue date. What is the adjusting entry for accruing interest that

The bookkeeper for Ivanhoe Company asks you to prepare the following accrual adjusting entries at December 31. (If no entry is required, select "No Entry" for the account titles and enter 0 for the amounts. Credit account titles are automatically indented when the amount is entered. Do not indent manually.)
a. Interest on notes payable of $270 is accrued.
b. Services performed but unbilled totals $1,930.
c. Salaries of $700 earned by employees have not been recorded.

A client agrees to pay a contractor $15,000 down towards a $45,000 job.
When his accountant is journalizing the transaction, how much should be
posted as accounts receivable?
A. $15,000
B. $0
O C. $45,000
D. $30,000

Wingate Company, a wholesale distributor of electronic equipment, has been experiencing losses for some time, as shown by its most recent monthly contribution format income statement, which follows:Sales $1,584,000Variable expenses $610,020Contribution margin $973,980Fixed expenses $1.071,000Net operating income (loss) $(97,020)In an effort to isolate the problem, the president has asked for an income statement segmented by division. Accordingly, the Accounting Department has developed the following information:East DivisionSales $434,000Variable expenses as a percentage of sales 53%Traceable fixed expenses $261,000Central DivisionSales $650,000Variable expenses as a percentage of sales 20%Traceable fixed expenses $357,000West DivisionSales $500,000Variable expenses as a percentage of sales 50%Traceable fixed expenses $204,0001. Prepare a contribution format income statement segmented by divisions, as desired by the president.2-a. As a result of a marketing study, the president believes that sales in the West Division could be increased by 14% if monthly advertising in that division were increased by $29,000. Calculate the incremental net operating income.2-b. Would you recommend the increased advertising?

Emily Lim owns and runs an ice cream parlor in San Diego. Last year, she had sales of $430,000 and an average tax rate of 34%. She spent $43,000 on ingredients, $21,500 on utilities, and $77,400 to rent the premises Emily has a few employees and paid them $86,000 in wages in total. She also paid herself a salary of $64,500 and spent $43,000 to pay for employee benefits A few years ago, Emily borrowed money to buy the ice making equipment. Last year, she paid $21,500 in interest on that loan. Depreciation for the equipment was $12,900 .
1. What was operating income (EBIT) for the year?
2. What was net income for the year?

High Tech Manufacturing manufactures 256GB SD cards​ (memory cards for mobile​ phones, digital​ cameras, and other​ devices). Price and cost data for a relevant range extending to​ 200,000 units per month are as​ follows:


Sales price per unit: (current monthly sales volume is 120,000 units) $25

Variable costs per unit:
Direct materials 6.60
Direct labor 7.70
Variable manufacturing overhead 2.40
Variable selling and administrative expenses 1.90

Monthly fixed expenses:
Fixed manufacturing overhead 241,900
Fixed selling and administrative expenses 327,900

Required:
a. What is the company's contribution margin per unit? Contribution margin percentage? Total contribution margin?
b. What would the company's monthly operating income be if the company sold 160,000 units?
c. What would the company's monthly operating income be if the company had sales of
d. What is the breakeven point in units? In sales dollars?
e. How many units would the company have to sell to earn a target monthly profit of $260,100?
f. Management is currently in contract negotiations with the labor union. If the negotiations fail, direct labor costs will increase by 10% and fixed costs will increase by S22,500 per month. If these costs increase, how many units will the company have to sell each month to break even?
g. Return to the original data for this question and the rest of the questions. What is the company's current operating leverage factor (round to two decimals)?
h. If sales volume increases by 7%, by what percentage will operating income increase?
i. What is the company's current margin of safety in sales dollars? What is its margin of safety as a percentage of sales?

NYJ, Inc. borrowed $800,000 on June 1, 2020, and signed a nine-month note bearing interest at 5%. Principal and interest are payable in full at maturity. In connection with this note, NYJ, Inc. should record interest expense in 2021 in the amount of:

What do you need to provide in order to get secured credit?
A. An asset
B. A co-signer
C. A credit card
D. A tax refund

We would like to invest $10,000 into shares of companies XX and YY.

Shares of XX cost $20 per share. The market analysis shows that their expected return is $1 per share with a standard deviation of $0.5.
Shares of YY cost $50 per share, with an expected return of $2.50 and a standard deviation of $1 per share.

Returns from the two companies are independent. In order to maximize the expected return and minimize the risk (standard deviation or variance), is it better to invest

a. All $10,000 into XX
b. All $10,000 into YY
c. $5,000 into each company

This program consists of three lottery-funded scholarships for Florida high school graduates who demonstrate high academic achievement and enroll in eligible Florida public or private postsecondary institutions.

Financial Aid
Florida Pre-Paid College Plan
College Board
Bright Futures Scholarship

A project manager is faced with the following activities and times associated with a building construction for a cancer research facility. Each activity can be crashed at most by 2 weeks. The cost associated with each week time reduction is given below. (note: The 1st crash and 2nd crash costs are associated with the first and second time that a specific activity is crashed. So, if you crash Activity A once, the cost is $9,000, if you have to crash Activity A a second time, the cost is $9,500)

Crash Costs
Activity Immediate Predecessor Normal Time (weeks) 1st crash 2nd crash

A 3 $9,000 $9,500
B A 6 $3,500 $6,000
C А 7 $4,000 $5,000
D B 7 $4,500 $6,000
E C 5 $7,000 $7,500
F D,E 8 $10,000 $12,000
G F 2 $14,000 $16,000

What is the minimum cost to crash this project by 2 weeks?

a. $12,000
b. $9,000
c. $16,000
d. $3,500

Tamarisk Games Inc. adjusts its accounts annually. The following information is available for the year ended December 31, 2022.
1. Purchased a 1-year insurance policy on June 1 for $1,980 cash.
2. Paid $6,760 on August 31 for 5 months’ rent in advance.
3. On September 4, received $3,780 cash in advance from a corporation to sponsor a game each month for a total of 9 months for the most improved students at a local school.
4. Signed a contract for cleaning services starting December 1 for $1,040 per month. Paid for the first 2 months on November 30. (Hint: Use the account Prepaid Cleaning to record prepayments.)
5. On December 5, received $1,560 in advance from a gaming club. Determined that on December 31, $495 of these games had not yet been played.
For each of the above transactions, prepare the adjusting journal entry that is required on December 31.

From a customer's perspective, what are the skills and qualifications that service employees in both large and small organizations must possess

Rosenthal Company manufactures bowling balls through two processes: Molding and Packaging. In the Molding Department, the urethane, rubber, plastics, and other materials are molded into bowling balls. In the Packaging Department, the balls are placed in cartons and sent to the finished goods warehouse. All materials are entered at the beginning of each process. Labor and manufacturing overhead are incurred uniformly throughout each process. Production and cost data for the Molding Department during June 2020 are presented below.
Production Data
June
Beginning work in process units 0
Units started into production 22,660
Ending work in process units 2,060
Percent complete—ending inventory 40 %
Cost Data
Materials $203,940
Labor 55,208
Overhead 116,184
Total $375,332
Prepare a schedule showing physical units of production.

The value of a share of common stock depends on the cash flows it is expected to provide, and those flows consist of the dividends the investor receives each year while holding the stock and the price the investor receives when the stock is sold. The final price includes the original price paid plus an expected capital gain. The actions of the marginal investor determine the equilibrium stock price. Market equilibrium occurs when the stock's price is -Select-less thanequal togreater thanCorrect 1 of Item 1 its intrinsic value. If the stock market is reasonably efficient, differences between the stock price and intrinsic value should not be very large and they should not persist for very long. When investing in common stocks, an investor's goal is to purchase stocks that are undervalued (the price is -Select-abovebelowequivalent toCorrect 2 of Item 1 the stock's intrinsic value) and avoid stocks that are overvalued.
The value of a stock today can be calculated as the present value of -Select-a finitean infiniteCorrect 3 of Item 1 stream of dividends:
This is the generalized stock valuation model. We will now look at 3 different situations where we can adapt this generalized model to each of these situations to determine a stock's intrinsic value:
1. Constant Growth Stocks;
2. Zero Growth Stocks;
3. Nonconstant Growth Stocks.
Constant Growth Stocks:
For many companies it is reasonable to predict that dividends will grow at a constant rate, so we can rewrite the generalized model as follows:
This is known as the constant growth model or Gordon model, named after Myron J. Gordon who developed and popularized it. There are several conditions that must exist before this equation can be used. First, the required rate of return, rs, must be greater than the long-run growth rate, g. Second, the constant growth model is not appropriate unless a company's growth rate is expected to remain constant in the future. This condition almost never holds for -Select-maturestart-upCorrect 4 of Item 1 firms, but it does exist for many -Select-maturestart-upCorrect 5 of Item 1 companies.
Which of the following assumptions would cause the constant growth stock valuation model to be invalid?
The growth rate is zero.
The growth rate is negative.
The required rate of return is greater than the growth rate.
The required rate of return is more than 50%.
None of the above assumptions would invalidate the model.
-Select-Statement aStatement bStatement cStatement dStatement eCorrect 6 of Item 1
Quantitative Problem 1: Hubbard Industries just paid a common dividend, D0, of $1.60. It expects to grow at a constant rate of 2% per year. If investors require a 10% return on equity, what is the current price of Hubbard's common stock? Round your answer to the nearest cent. Do not round intermediate calculations.
$ per share
Zero Growth Stocks:
The constant growth model is sufficiently general to handle the case of a zero growth stock, where the dividend is expected to remain constant over time. In this situation, the equation is:
Note that this is the same equation developed in Chapter 5 to value a perpetuity, and it is the same equation used to value a perpetual preferred stock that entitles its owners to regular, fixed dividend payments in perpetuity. The valuation equation is simply the current dividend divided by the required rate of return.
Quantitative Problem 2: Carlysle Corporation has perpetual preferred stock outstanding that pays a constant annual dividend of $2.00 at the end of each year. If investors require an 10% return on the preferred stock, what is the price of the firm's perpetual preferred stock? Round your answer to the nearest cent. Do not round intermediate calculations.
$ per share
Nonconstant Growth Stocks:
For many companies, it is not appropriate to assume that dividends will grow at a constant rate. Most firms go through life cycles where they experience different growth rates during different parts of the cycle. For valuing these firms, the generalized valuation and the constant growth equations are combined to arrive at the nonconstant growth valuation equation:
Basically, this equation calculates the present value of dividends received during the nonconstant growth period and the present value of the stock's horizon value, which is the value at the horizon date of all dividends expected thereafter.
Quantitative Problem 3: Assume today is December 31, 2013. Imagine Works Inc. just paid a dividend of $1.15 per share at the end of 2013. The dividend is expected to grow at 15% per year for 3 years, after which time it is expected to grow at a constant rate of 6% annually. The company's cost of equity (rs) is 9.5%. Using the dividend growth model (allowing for nonconstant growth), what should be the price of the company's stock today (December 31, 2013)? Round your answer to the nearest cent. Do not round intermediate calculations.
$ per share

The Moto Hotel opened for business on May 1, 2017. Here is its trial balance before adjustment on May 31.

MOTO HOTEL Trial Balance May 31, 2017

Debit Credit
Cash $2,403
Supplies 2,600
Prepaid Insurance 1,800
Land 14,903
Buildings 70,000
Equipment 16,800
Accounts Payable $4,603
Unearned Rent Revenue 3,300
Mortgage Payable 36,000
Common Stock 59,903
Rent Revenue 9,000
Salaries and Wages Expense 3,000
Utilities Expense 800
Advertising Expense 500
$112,806 $112,806

Other data:
1. Insurance expires at the rate of $450 per month.
2. A count of supplies shows $1,160 of unused supplies on May 31.
3. (a) Annual depreciation is $3,480 on the building. (b) Annual depreciation is $2,880 on equipment.
4. The mortgage interest rate is 6%. (The mortgage was taken out on May 1.)
5. Unearned rent of $2,580 has been earned.
6. Salaries of $760 are accrued and unpaid at May 31.

Required:
Journalize the adjusting entries on May 31.

marketing costs include what? please be precise
30 POINTS

The following selected accounts from the Bramble Corp.’s general ledger are presented below for the year ended December 31, 2022:

Advertising expense $54,000 Interest revenue $32,000
Common stock 249,000 Inventory 66,000
Cost of goods sold 1,084,000 Rent revenue 24,000
Depreciation expense 124,000 Retained earnings 534,000
Dividends 149,000 Salaries and wages expense 674,000
Freight-out 24,000 Sales discounts 8,600
Income tax expense 69,000 Sales returns and allowances 43,000
Insurance expense 15,000 Sales revenue 2,399,000
Interest expense 69,000

Required:
Prepare a multiple-step income statement BRAMBLE CORP.

The following transactions occur for the Wolfpack Shoe Company during the month of June:
Provide services to customers for $30,000 and receive cash.
Purchase office supplies on account for $20,000.
Pay $7,000 in salaries to employees for work performed during the month.
1. Analyze each transaction.
2. Record the transaction.
3. Post the transaction to T-accounts. Assume the opening balance in each of the accounts is zero.

When your roommate does not consider your external costs in the absence of external costs from playing music, the number of hours played is

Long before a single vote is cast, candidates are hard at work weighing the costs and benefits of running for office. As a part of this calculus, a strong candidate will spend time crafting a winning strategy for each stage of the contemporary campaign process In the following dialogue, a candidate is considering making a run for office in Texas. She is meeting with a political consultant to discuss her chances in the upcoming election. Use the dropdown menus to complete their conversation
CANDIDATE: Thank you for coming to my office today to discuss my viability as a candidate in the upcoming election.
CONSULTANT: You're welcome. I have conducted some research with the help of my staff on your chances, and we feel that if you choose your issues carefully, mobilize groups properly, and advertise persuasively, you could win
CANDIDATE: By "advertise persuasively," are you referring to 1. that I'm ready to sling mud just yet.
a) Character
b) Retail
c) Negative
CONSULTANT: I agree. It's best to get through the primary season without running attack ads Remember, because this is 2. and any registered voter may participate. The best-case scenario is that you'll win a clear majority of support. Options for 2. primary, voters don't have to declare their party identification,
a) A closed
b) An open
c) Non-partisan
CANDIDATE: Absolutely. I want to have a decisive victory and avoid 3. possible. In your opinion, what is the best way to accomplish this?
a) A recall
b) A runoff
c) An initiative
CONSULTANT: Name recognition is essential. Retail politics is still relevant, as is a good field organization. Our main focus, however, needs to be on the fundraising that will make it all possible. Without a lot of money in the bank, you will quickly be written off as unelectable because Texas campaigns are often quite.
a) Lopsided
b) Expensive
c) Inexpensive

What do successful entrepreneurs have in common?

Below are cash transactions for Goldman Incorporated, which provides consulting services related to mining of precious metals
a. Cash used for purchase of office supplies, $1,650
b. Cash provided from consulting to customers, $43,100
c. Cash used for purchase of mining equipment, $68,000.
d. Cash provided from long-term borrowing, $55,000
e. Cash used for payment of employee salaries, $23,500.
f. Cash used for payment of office rent, $11,500
g. Cash provided from sale of equipment purchased in c. above, $22,000
h. Cash used to repay a portion of the long-term borrowing in d. above, $37,500
i. Cash used to pay office utilities, $3,800
j. Purchase of company vehicle, paying $9,500 cash and borrowing $14,500
Required:
Calculate cash flows from investing activities. (List cash outflows as negative amounts.)

Superior Micro Products uses the weighted-average method in its process costing system. During January, the Delta Assembly Department completed its processing of 26,800 units and transferred them to the next department. The cost of beginning work in process inventory and the costs added during January amounted to $662,560 in total. The ending work in process inventory in January consisted of 4,000 units, which were 50% complete with respect to materials and 30% complete with respect to labor and overhead. The costs per equivalent unit for the month were as follows:
Materials Labor Overhead
Cost per equivalent unit $12.70 $4.00 $6.60
Required:1. Compute the equivalent units of materials, labor, and overhead in the ending work in process inventory for the month.2. Compute the cost of ending work in process inventory for materials, labor, overhead, and in total for January.3. Compute the cost of the units transferred to the next department for materials, labor, overhead, and in total for January.4. Prepare a cost reconciliation for January.

g Jefferson & Sons purchase $5,000 of merchandise from the Claremont Company with terms of 3/10, n/30. How much discount is Jefferson & Sons entitled to take if it pays within the allowed discount period of 10 days

Fechter Corporation had the following stockholders’ equity accounts on January 1, 2020: Common Stock ($5 par) $500,000, Paid-in Capital in Excess of Par—Common Stock $200,000, and Retained Earnings $100,000. In 2020, the company had the following treasury stock transactions.

Mar. 1 Purchased 5,000 shares at $8 per share.
June 1 Sold 1,000 shares at $12 per share.
Sept. 1 Sold 2,000 shares at $10 per share.
Dec. 1 Sold 1,000 shares at $7 per share.

Fechter Corporation uses the cost method of accounting for treasury stock. In 2020, the company reported net income of $30,000.

Required:
Journalize the treasury 2020, for net income.

The Excellent Agency specializes in developing advertising campaigns for smaller retail clients. Excellent is hired by Shadowleaf Shoes, a small regional chain of six shoe stores, to develop a slogan and specific ads to be used in a three-month newspaper campaign. Shadowleaf’s marketing director, Manuel Margolis, is adamant while meeting with Excellent's account executive, Kia Chin, that the campaign must be catchy and modern to appeal to a target audience that has an active lifestyle and is between the ages of 18 and 35. More importantly, Margolis wants the slogan to be memorable and unique. Kia Chin, representing Excellent, develops a campaign and presents it to Margolis. The campaign is based on the slogan "Do What You Do in a Shadowleaf Shoe." Visuals depict men’s legs—different sizes, skin colors, etc.—walking, jogging, dancing, and otherwise moving in every type of Shadowleaf’s shoes. Margolis feels that this campaign will target young male consumers, but will also get the attention of others regarding the comfort of the shoes, raising awareness of the Shadowleaf brand. After running the ads, the Excellent Agency wins an advertising effectiveness award. It seems that the surprising and appealing visuals gave the slogan unexpectedly positive social meaning for people of all ages, not just men aged 18 to 35. When Manuel Margolis insists on a measuring stick for the creativity of the campaign, what will the Xcellent Agency tell him, if Kia Chin is smart?
A. "The award alone proves that this ad is loaded with creativity."
B. "If people like the ad, they’ll buy the product."
C. "We met the technical standards for this advertising effort."
D. "Great brands do more than just get attention, they make emotional connections."