Answer:
It means the chemical entity is a radical
Explanation:
When we talk of unsaturation, we are referring to the number of pi-bonds in a chemical entity. The alkane, alkene and alkyne organic family are used to as common examples to explain the term unsaturation.
While alkynes have 3 bonds, it must be understood that they have 2 pi bonds only and as such their degree of saturation is two.
In the case of an alkene, there is only one single pi bond and as such the degree of unsaturation is 1.
Now in this case, we have a fractional 0.5 degree of unsaturation alongside the 3 to make a total of 3.5. So what’s the issue here?
The fractional part shows that the chemical entity we are dealing with here is a radical. While the integer 3 shows that there are 3 pi-bonds, the half pi bond remaining tells us that there is a missing electron on one of the atoms involved in the chemical bonding and as such, the 1/2 extra degree of unsaturation tends to tell us this.
Kindly recall that a radical is a chemical entity within which we have at the least an unpaired electron.
A diprotic acid, H₂A, has Ka1 = 3.4 × 10⁻⁴ and Ka2 = 6.7 × 10⁻⁹. What is the pH of a 0.18 M solution of H₂A?
Answer:
pH = 2.10
Explanation:
We name an acid as diprotic because it can release two protons:
H₂A + H₂O ⇄ H₃O⁺ + HA⁻ Ka₁
HA⁻ + H₂O ⇄ H₃O⁺ + A⁻² Ka₂
We propose the mass balance:
Analytical concentration = [H₂A] + [HA⁻] + [A⁻²]
As Ka₂ is so small, we avoid the [A⁻²] so:
0.18 M = [H₂A] + [HA⁻]
But we can not avoid the HA⁻, because the Ka₁. Ka₁'s expression is:
Ka₁ = [H₃O⁺] . [HA⁻] / [H₂A]
We propose the charge balance:
[H₃O⁺] = [HA⁻] + [A⁻²] + [OH⁻]
As we did not consider the A⁻², we can miss the term and if
Kw = H⁺ . OH⁻
We replace Kw/H⁺ = OH⁻. So the new equation is:
[H₃O⁺] = [HA⁻] + Kw / [H₃O⁺]
The acid is so concentrated, so we can avoid the term with the Kw, so:
[H₃O⁺] = [HA⁻]
In the mass balance we would have:
0.18 M = [H₂A]
We replace at Ka₁
Ka₁ = [H₃O⁺] . [HA⁻] / [H₂A]
Ka1 . 0.18 / [H₃O⁺] = [HA⁻]
We replace at the charge balance:
[H₃O⁺] = Ka1 . 0.18 / [H₃O⁺]
[H₃O⁺]² = 3.4×10⁻⁴ . 0.18
[H₃O⁺] = √(3.4×10⁻⁴ . 0.18)
[H₃O⁺] = 7.82×10⁻³
- log [H₃O⁺] = pH → - log 7.82×10⁻³
pH = 2.10
Following are the calculation to the pH:
For First ionization:
[tex][H^+] = (K_{a1} \times C)^{\frac{1}{2}}[/tex]
where
C = initial concentration of acid [tex]= 0.18\ M[/tex]
[tex][H^{+}] = (3.4 \times 10^{-4} \times 0.18 \ M)^{\frac{1}{2}}\\[/tex]
[tex][H^{+}] = 0.007\ M[/tex]
For Second ionization:
[tex][H^{+}] = K_{a2} \\\\[/tex]
[tex][ H^{+} ] = 6.7 \times 10^{-9}\ M \\[/tex]
[tex]Total [H^{+}] = 0.007\ M + 6.7 \times 10^{-9}\ M\\\\Total [H^{+}] = 0.007 \ M[/tex]
[tex]pH = -\log[H^+] \\\\pH = -\log(0.007 \ M)\\\\pH = 2.15[/tex]
Therefore, the pH is "2.15".
Learn more:
brainly.com/question/8962960
Can you help me answer the question ?
wich element is likely to be the most reactive? bromine (Br) chlorine (Cl) fluorine (F) iodine (I)
most reactive among them is fluorine because it is the most electronegative element
Answer:
fluorine (F)
Explanation:
I took the test on edge
Aqueous hydrochloric acid HCl will react with solid sodium hydroxide NaOH to produce aqueous sodium chloride NaCl and liquid water H2O. Suppose 9.84 g of hydrochloric acid is mixed with 3.1 g of sodium hydroxide. Calculate the maximum mass of water that could be produced by the chemical reaction. Round your answer to 2 significant digits.
Answer:
1.4 g H₂O
Explanation:
In a reaction, the reactants are usually not present in exact stoichiometric amounts, that is, in the proportions indicated by the balanced equation. Frequently a large excess of one reactant is supplied to ensure that the more expensive reactant is completely converted to the desired product. Consequently, some reactant will be left over at the end of the reaction. The reactant used up first in a reaction is called the limiting reagent, because the maximum amount of product formed depends on how much of this reactant was originally present. When this reactant is used up, no more product can be formed.
What is heat?
O Fire
O Hot
O Energy
O Potential
Answer:
Energy
Explanation:
Heat is a form of energy.
When 3.0 g of water is warmed from 10.0∘C to 80.0∘C, how much heat energy is needed? Specific heat for water is 4.186Jg(∘C).
Answer:
Specific heat is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of substance by, the units for specific heat is, each element have particular fixed specific heat.
The heat energy change can be obtained by the formula

Temperature change can be represented by 

If we know the specific heat of substance then we can easily calculate the heat energy change of the substance
Materials
80 mL Carbonated Water
80 mL Acetic Acid
(2) Chalk Pieces (CaCO3)
Permanent Marker
*80 mL Tap Water
*Timer (watch, cell phone, internet, etc.)
Note: You must provide the materials listed in *red.
Labware
(3) 250 mL Beakers
Digital Scale
EXERCISE 1: SPELEOLOGY (UNDERSTANDING CAVE FORMATION)
In this exercise, you will observe what happens to chalk in different solutions and compare your observations to what occurs in nature.
1. Do the results of the exercise support your hypothesis? Explain your reasoning.
2. Compare and contrast the reaction of the chalk pieces in each solution.
3. Is this exercise an analog for physical or chemical weathering? Explain your reasoning.
4. Using your observations of the chalk in different solutions, explain how a limestone cave forms.
Answer:
Limestone caves are formed when acid rain occurs.
Explanation:
When chalk pieces which is made of calcium carbonate react with acetic acid, it produces carbon dioxide, calcium acetate, and water. When calcium carbonate react with Carbonated Water produces calcium bicarbonate. Limestone cave forms when the dissolution of limestone occur when rainwater which is acidic due to the addition of carbondioxide in the air react with limestone. This dissolution removes the lime from the rock and caves are formed.
The chalk has been made up of calcium carbonate. The reaction of calcium carbonate with different solutions results in the formation of varying products.
The reaction of chalk with acetic acid results in the formation of Calcium acetate, with the production of carbon dioxide and water.
The reaction of chalk with carbonated water results in the formation of calcium bicarbonate.
The limestone caves has been formed by the dissociation of limestone with reaction of acid, forming carbon dioxide.
The formation has takes place in the acidic solution, and carbon-dioxide thus the resultant can be due to the acid rain.
For more information about the limestone cave, refer to the link:
https://brainly.com/question/20720004
Water that is heated move
PLS HELP !!!
Answer:
it moves faster when heated
Answer:
the answer is faster
Explanation:
why because water moves faster when heated
What determines the shape and function of a protein?
The shape and function of a protein are primarily determined by its three-dimensional structure, which is a result of its primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures.
Primary Structure: The primary structure of a protein is the linear sequence of amino acids that make up the polypeptide chain. The sequence is dictated by the genetic information encoded in the DNA of the gene that corresponds to the protein. Each amino acid in the sequence is represented by a specific codon in the DNA, and this sequence of amino acids forms the backbone of the protein.
Secondary Structure: The secondary structure refers to the local spatial arrangement of the polypeptide backbone, which is stabilized by hydrogen bonds between amino acids. The two most common secondary structures are alpha-helices and beta-sheets. These structures are important for the stability and folding of the protein.
Tertiary Structure: The tertiary structure is the three-dimensional folding of the entire polypeptide chain, including the secondary structure elements. Various interactions, such as hydrogen bonds, disulfide bridges, ionic interactions, hydrophobic interactions, and van der Waals forces, play a crucial role in stabilizing the tertiary structure. This folding brings distant parts of the polypeptide chain close together, contributing to the unique shape of the protein.
Quaternary Structure: Some proteins are composed of multiple polypeptide subunits, and the way these subunits come together forms the quaternary structure of the protein. The interactions between the individual subunits contribute to the overall structure and function of the complex protein assembly.
Learn more about protein from the link given below.
https://brainly.com/question/33861617
#SPJ6
An octagonal pyramid ... how many faces are there, how many vertices and how many edges? A triangular prism ... how many faces are there, how many vertices and how many edges? a triangular pyramid ... how many faces are there, how many vertices and how many edges?
Answer:
Hi Harshadvani!! These are the answers you need:
Octagonal Pyramid:Faces - Eight (8)
Vertices - Nine (9)
Edges - Sixteen (16)
Triangular Prism:Faces - Five (5)
Vertices - Three (3)
Edges - Eight (8)
Triangular Pyramid:Faces - Four (4)
Vertices - Four (4)
Edges - Six (6)
Hope it helps!!✨Thanks!!!☺✨
Answer:
hey there
An octagonal pyramid
8
9
16
A triangular prism
5
3
8
a triangular pyramid
4
4
6
need further explanation???
text me on the comments
Which of the following is a homogenous mixture? a. water b. chicken c. raisin bread d. salad
B and C are ur answers
Suppose you are given samples of pentane, 2,2-dimethylpropane, 2-methylbutane and hexane. how you would go about determining which substance had the highest boiling point.
Answer:
Addiction
Explanation:
Can you answer both questions please??
13 C4- has _______ electrons.
Answer:
10 electrons
Explanation:
How many sig figs are in 340.0 mL
Answer:
4
Explanation:
there is a decimal place present. so you would take away any zeros before the number.
Answer:
4 i think
Explanation:
an element has atomic number and mass number 13 and 27 respectively. what are the number of electrons protons and neutrons in one atom of the element
Answer:
the number of electrons is 13 and neutrons is 14
What is the mass of a block that measures 6.7cm x 6.8cm x4.3cm and has a density of 22.29g/cm³
Answer:
4366.8 grams or 4.4 kg
Explanation:
Density = Mass / Volume
Mass = Density x Volume
M = 6.7 x 6.8 x 4.3 x 22.29
M = 4366.8 g
Best Regards!
What mass of aluminum has a total nuclear charge of 3.0 C?Aluminum has atomic number 13. Suppose the aluminum is all of the isotope with 14 neutrons.
Answer:
The value is [tex]m = 6.48*10^{-5} \ g [/tex]
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
The total nuclear charge is [tex]Q_t = 3.0 \ C[/tex]
The atomic number is [tex]n = 13[/tex]
The number of neutrons is [tex]n = 14[/tex]
Generally the number of protons is mathematically represented as
[tex]N_p = \frac{Q_t}{p}[/tex]
Here p is the charge on a proton with the value [tex]p = 1.60 *10^{-19} \ C[/tex]
=> [tex]N_p = \frac{3}{p}[/tex]
=> [tex]N_p = \frac{3}{1.60 *10^{-19} }[/tex]
=> [tex]N_p = 1.875*10^19 \ protons [/tex]
Generally the number of atoms present is mathematically represented as
[tex]N_a = \frac{N_p}{n }[/tex]
=> [tex]N_a = \frac{ 1.875*10^19}{13}[/tex]
=> [tex]N_a = 1.44*10^{18} \ atoms [/tex]
Generally the number of moles of atom present is mathematically represented as
[tex]N = \frac{N_a}{A_n }[/tex]
Here [tex]A_n[/tex] is the Avogadro's number with a constant value
[tex]A_n = 6.023*10^{23}[/tex]
So
[tex]N = \frac{1.44*10^{18}}{6.023*10^{23} }[/tex]
=> [tex]N = 2.4*10^{-6} \ mol[/tex]
Generally the total mass is mathematically represented as
[tex]m = N * M[/tex]
Here M is the molar mass of aluminum with
[tex]M = 27 \ g/mol[/tex]
So
[tex]m = 2.4*10^{-6} * 27[/tex]
[tex]m = 2.4*10^{-6} * 27[/tex]
[tex]m = 6.48*10^{-5} \ g [/tex]
The mass of aluminum has a total nuclear charge of 3.0 C is 6.45 * 10⁻⁵ g
Number of protonsNumber of protons = nuclear charge/charge on protonnuclear charge = 3.0 C
mass of proton = 1.60 * 10⁻¹⁹ C
Number of protons = 3.0/1.60 * 10⁻¹⁹ C
Number of protons = 1.875 * 10¹⁹ protons
Number of atomsNumber of atoms = number of protons /atomic numberatomic number = 13
Number of atoms = 1.875 * 10¹⁹/13
Number of atoms = 1.44 * 10¹⁸ atoms
Number of moles of atomsMoles of atoms = number of atoms / 6.02 * 10²³moles of atoms = 1.44 * 10¹⁸/ 6.02 * 10²³
moles of atoms = 2.39 * 10⁻⁶ moles
Mass of aluminummass = number of moles * molar massmolar mass of Aluminum is 27 g
mass of aluminum = 2.39 * 10⁻⁶ * 27
mass of aluminum = 6.45 * 10⁻⁵ g
Therefore, the mass of aluminum has a total nuclear charge of 3.0 C is 6.45 * 10⁻⁵ g
Learn more about nuclear charge and atomic mass at: https://brainly.com/question/14783477
https://brainly.com/question/14227831
5400 L to KL
With work??
Answer:
5.4KL
Explanation:
Divide by 1000
How many grams are there in 1.00x10 24 molecules of BCI3
Answer:
194.569 g
Explanation:
6.022×10^23 molecules = 117.17 g
1 molecules = 117.17/ 6.022×10^23
So, 1×10^24 molecules = (117.17×1×10^24)/(6.022×10^23)= 194.569 g
when the temperature of a sample of liquid increases , what else increases ?
Answer:
Its kinetic energy.
Explanation:
In a liquid, the molecules are so close together that there is very little empty space. A liquid also has a definite volume, because molecules in a liquid do not break away from the attractive forces. The molecules can, however, move past one another freely, and so a liquid can flow, can be poured, and assumes the shape of its container.
An increase in the temperature of a liquid causes an increase in the average speed of its molecules. As the temperature of a liquid increases, the molecules move faster thereby increasing the liquid's kinetic energy.
The element X has three naturally occurring isotopes. The isotopic masses (amu) and % abundances of the isotopes are given in the table below. Calculate the average atomic mass of the element in amu. PLEASE HELP ASAP THANK YOU SO MUCH
Answer:
162.35 amu
Explanation:
Let A represent isotope X-159
Let B represent isotope X-163
Let C represent isotope X-164
The following data were obtained from the question:
Isotope >>> Abundance >>> Mass no
A >>>>>>>> 30.60 >>>>>>>> 159.37
B >>>>>>>> 15.79 >>>>>>>>> 162.79
C >>>>>>>> 53.61 >>>>>>>>> 163.92
Average Atomic mass =.?
The average atomic mass of element X can be obtained as follow:
Average atomic mass = [(mass of A × A%)/100] + [(mass of B × B%)/100] + [(mass of C × C%)/100]
= [(159.37 × 30.60)/100] + [(162.79 × 15.79)/100] + [(163.92 × 53.61)/100]
= 48.77 + 25.70 + 87.88
= 162.35 amu
Therefore, the average atomic mass of element X is 162.35 amu
During which change of state do atoms lose energy?
A. Sublimation
B. Freezing
C. Boiling
D. Melting
If you answer my question Thank You, If I don't thank you in time!
The charge on the cobalt ion in the salt CoO is ________.
Answer:
The charge of cobalt in the salt is + 2.
Explanation:
The charge of the salt = 0 . This is because it is neutral.
Charge of cobalt = ?
Charge of oxygen = -2 (This is a constant value, it is -2 only in peroxides)
Charge of salt = Charge of cobalt + Charge of oxygen
0 = x + (-2)
x = + 2
The charge of cobalt in the salt is + 2.
What ions are present in an aqueous solution of NiCl2?
Answer:
Ni²⁺ and Cl⁻ ions
Explanation:
NiCl₂ is an ionic compound which is composed by 2 chloride ions (Cl⁻) and 1 nickel (II) ion (Ni²⁺). It dissociates in water as follows:
NiCl₂ ⇒ Ni²⁺ + 2 Cl⁻
Therefore, in an aqueous solution of NiCl₂ will be present Ni²⁺ ions and Cl⁻ ions.
What are the best practices for safely handling waste in the lab? Select one or more: Check labels or instructions before any disposal. Always wear appropriate Personal Protective Equipment. Place any paper towels from the clean-up in the trash. Remove gloves for better manipulation of the waste containers
Answer:
Consult labels or instructions before disposing of it. Always wear the proper personal protective equipment. Put all cleaning paper towels in the trash
Explanation:
Gloves should never be removed when disposing of waste, since these can contain infected fluids or even cultivated microorganisms that are pathogens for our lives and can enter through a lesion of the continuity solution of the epithelium in our hands.
In other words, if there is a wound, and it is contaminated with waste by not wearing gloves, the risk of contracting diseases is much greater.
Which of the following is a buffer system?
A. NaCl and NaNO3
B. H2CO3 and KHCO3
C. HCl and NaOH
D. H2O and HCl
E. NaCl and NaOH
Answer:
B. H2CO3 and KHCO3
Explanation:
The buffer system is a system in which the solution deny for change in the ph level i.e. at the time when the acid is added to it. It can be made either in a weak acid and salt or can be a weak base and its salt. Now when the acid is added to a buffer so the ratio is not impacted due to which it does not change sufficient for pH level
As per the given options, the third one is correct as the H2CO3 denotes a weak acid and the KHCO3 represents the salt. And these two solution does not create any change in the level of pH
Therefore the option B is correct
A decomposition occurs when you open a can or bottle of soda. Carbonic acid,H2CO3, is in carbonated beverages. It decomposes into carbon dioxide and water. If you leave an open soda can out for a long time, it loses its fizz. Which equation represents the balanced chemical equation for this reaction?
Answer:
H₂CO₃ (aq) → CO₂ (g) + H₂O (l)
Explanation:
Step 1: Write out unbalanced decomposition equation
H₂CO₃ (aq) → CO₂ (g) + H₂O (l)
Step 2: Balance equation
We see that we have 3 oxygens on both sides of the reaction.
We also see that we have 1 carbon on both sides of the reaction.
We also see that we have 2 hydrogens on both sides of the reaction.
Therefore, the chemical equation is balanced.
Determine the equilibrium expression for the following reaction:
2NaHCO3(s)⇋Na2CO3(s)+H2O(g)+CO2(g)
Answer:
K = [Na2CO3] [H2O] [CO2] / [NaHCO3]²
Explanation:
2NaHCO3(s)⇋Na2CO3 (s) + H2O(g) + CO2(g)
To write an expression for equilibrium constant, K, for the above reaction, it is important that we have an idea of what equilibrium constant is all about and how we can determine it.
Equilibrium constant for a reaction is simply defined as the ratio of the concentration of the product raised to their coefficient to the concentration of the reactant raised to their coefficient.
Thus the expression for the equilibrium constant for the above equation can be written as follow:
K = [Na2CO3] [H2O] [CO2] / [NaHCO3]²
What is the volume of a sample of matter with a density of 6 and a mass of 6 cm3?
Answer:
We have the final answer as
1.0 cm³Explanation:
The volume of a substance when given the density and mass can be found by using the formula
[tex]volume = \frac{mass}{density} \\[/tex]
From the question
mass = 6 g
density = 6 g/cm³
It's volume is
[tex]volume = \frac{6}{6} = 1 \\ [/tex]
We have the final answer as
1.0 cm³Hope this helps you