The rate at which a consumer is willing to exchange one good for another while maintaining a constant level of satisfaction is called marginal rate of substitution.
The Marginal Rate of Substitution (MRS) is the ratio of the amount of a good a consumer is willing to give up for an additional unit of another good while maintaining the same level of satisfaction, and it is usually negative because the consumer would rather have more of one good than less. A consumer may be willing to give up some of good X to obtain more of good Y, but the rate at which he or she is willing to do so will vary. Marginal rate of substitution is the rate at which a consumer is willing to trade one good for another in order to maintain a consistent level of utility.
The basic economic theory underlying the concept of marginal rate of substitution (MRS) is that as a consumer receives more of a good, he or she values each additional unit less, while as the consumer receives less of the good, he or she values each additional unit more. For example, if a person values 1 chocolate bar at $1 and 1 ice cream cone at $1, and he or she has 3 chocolate bars and 1 ice cream cone, then the MRS of chocolate bars for ice cream cones is 3:1, indicating that the person is willing to give up three chocolate bars to obtain one ice cream cone.
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As an internal auditor for the Quick Manufacturing Company, you are participating in the audit of the company’s AIS. You have been reviewing the internal controls of the computer system that processes most of its accounting applications. You have studied the company’s extensive systems documentation. You have interviewed the information system manager, operations supervisor, and other employees to complete your standardized computer internal control questionnaire. You report to your supervisor that the company has designed a successful set of comprehensive internal controls into its computer systems. He thanks you foryour efforts and asks for a summary report of your findings for inclusion in a final overall report on accounting internal controls. Have you forgotten an important audit step? Explain. List five examples of specific audit procedures that you might recommend before reaching a conclusion
It is possible that an important audit step has been forgotten. The audit step that has been overlooked is the testing of the internal controls to ensure that they are functioning effectively.
While the company may have designed a successful set of comprehensive internal controls, it is important to test their effectiveness in practice to ensure that they are actually preventing or detecting errors and fraud. Without testing the controls, there is no way to know for sure if they are working as intended.
Five examples of specific audit procedures that could be recommended before reaching a conclusion include:
Conducting walkthroughs of the accounting system to gain a deeper understanding of the system's design and operation.
Performing substantive testing to verify the completeness and accuracy of transactions processed by the system.
Testing the accuracy and completeness of the system's input and output.
Testing the segregation of duties within the system to ensure that no single person has control over multiple aspects of the system.
Reviewing system logs and monitoring controls to ensure that the system is operating as intended and that any errors or irregularities are detected and corrected in a timely manner.
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12.select the range j6:j13 and then add top/bottom conditional formatting rules to format the top 10% of values as green fill with dark green text and the bottom 10% of values as light red fill with dark red text.
To format the top 10% of values as green fill with dark green text and the bottom 10% of values as light red fill with dark red text, you have to follow the below steps:
Select the range J6:J13 and then click on the Home tab in the Excel ribbon.
Next, select the Conditional Formatting option and then select the Top/Bottom Rules from the drop-down menu.
Now, choose Top 10% from the list of available options in the sub-menu, and then click on the Format button.
Go to the Fill tab and then select the color Green and click on OK.
Now go to the Font tab and then select the color Dark Green and then click on OK.
Now the top 10% of values will be highlighted as green fill with dark green text.
Now, repeat the above steps from step 2 to step 5 to format the bottom 10% of values as light red fill with dark red text.
Select the Bottom 10% from the list of available options in the sub-menu, and then click on the Format button.
Go to the Fill tab and then select the color Red and click on OK.
Now go to the Font tab and then select the color Dark Red and then click on OK.
Now the bottom 10% of values will be highlighted as red fill with dark red text.
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The goal is to assess if Bombardier (aircraft/train) company will be able to get financial help from the government if needed, so senior individuals in the industry or related to this would be helpful
It is worth noting that Bombardier has a history of receiving government support in the form of loans and grants.
For example, the Canadian government provided a $372.5 million loan to Bombardier in 2017 to support the company's research and development efforts.
Additionally, given the significant impact that Bombardier has on the transportation industry and the potential economic consequences of the company's failure, it is possible that the government may provide financial assistance in the event of a financial crisis.
Ultimately, the decision to provide financial help to Bombardier would depend on a variety of factors, including the company's financial situation, its importance to the economy, and the government's priorities and policies.
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(3/1) Describe the technique or method used to select a
government housing project. [5marks]
(5/2) Identify the project developmental approach used for the
government housing project. Give reasons or
justification for your conclusion(s). Hint: (Agile, Waterfall/Traditional, or Hybrid
approach?) [5 marks]
(6/3) Using your knowledge of the project life cycle, describe the phases of a project and the key
activities/tasks associated with each phase of a project. [10 marks]
For the first question (3/1), the technique or method used to select a government housing project depends on the particular project. Generally speaking, governments use a variety of techniques to select projects, such as cost-benefit analysis, multi-criteria analysis, and value for money analysis.
These techniques enable the government to select the most suitable housing project to meet the needs of the population.
For the second question (5/2), the project development approach used for the government housing project is typically either an Agile, Waterfall/Traditional, or Hybrid approach. Agile is an iterative approach with short development cycles and frequent feedback from stakeholders, while Waterfall/Traditional is a more linear, structured approach with long development cycles.
The Hybrid approach combines elements of Agile and Waterfall/Traditional, providing a balanced approach to project development. The choice of approach depends on the particular project, the size and scope of the project, and the preferences of the stakeholders.
For the third question (6/3), a project life cycle includes the following phases: initiation, planning, execution, monitoring and controlling, and closing. During the initiation phase, project scope and objectives are determined, stakeholders are identified, and a project plan is created.
The planning phase involves determining tasks, resources, schedule, and budget. The execution phase involves executing the tasks according to the plan. The monitoring and controlling phase involves tracking progress, identifying variances, and making corrections as needed. Finally, the closing phase involves archiving documents, wrapping up loose ends, and completing any final tasks.
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Mr. Armour is saving his money to purchase Jet Engineering Company at a cost of
$1,000,000
. He currently has
$230,000
and the rate of interest is currently
5%
. How long will he have to wait, before he can purchase the company? 4 marks
Mr. Armour will have to wait approximately 14.21 years, assuming no other sources of income, before he can purchase Jet Engineering Company.
Assuming Mr. Armour does not have any other sources of income and will only rely on the $230,000 he currently has and the 5% interest rate, we can use the formula for compound interest to calculate how long it will take for him to save up $1,000,000.
The formula is: A = P(1+r/n)^(nt), where A is the amount after time t, P is the principal, r is the interest rate, n is the number of times the interest is compounded per year, and t is the time in years.
Plugging in the values, we get:
$1,000,000 = $230,000(1+0.05/1)^(1t)
Simplifying the equation, we get:
(1.05)^t = 4.3478
Taking the logarithm of both sides, we get:
t = log(4.3478) / log(1.05)
t ≈ 14.21 years
Therefore, Mr. Armour will have to wait approximately 14.21 years, assuming no other sources of income, before he can purchase Jet Engineering Company.
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cindy buys a 10-year certain annuity with an installment refund. after receiving monthly payments for 5 years, cindy dies. how many remaining payments will the insurer make to her beneficiary?
The beneficiary will receive monthly payments for 60 months or 5 years, even if the policyholder dies.
Even if the policyholder dies during the 5-year period, the beneficiary is guaranteed to receive the remaining payments. This is due to the installment refund that comes with the 10-year certain annuity. A certain annuity is a type of annuity that pays a guaranteed amount for a set period of time.
Cindy has purchased a 10-year certain annuity, which means that the insurance company will make payments to her for ten years. If Cindy dies within the ten years, the remaining payments will be made to her beneficiary.Cindy has also opted for an installment refund. An installment refund is an option in which the insurance company guarantees that the beneficiary will receive a minimum number of payments, regardless of when the policyholder dies. In this case, the beneficiary will receive monthly payments for 60 months or 5 years, even if the policyholder dies.
Therefore, the insurer will make 60 remaining payments to Cindy's beneficiary.
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Gregory is aiming to get the _ symbol for his products, which is awarded by the _
Answer: environmental friendly refrigerators prestigious , engineering agency
Explanation: Separated by Commas .
korey is planning to open a comic book store near his home. after completing a population survey for 3,520 homes in a 5 mile radius, korey created the chart below to include in the market analysis section of his business plan. korey expects 75% of his business to come from kids in high school and grade school. about how many of homes surveyed fit into one of these two categories?
About 2640 of homes needs to be surveyed fit into one of these two categories. The two categories of children in high school and grade school can be combined to give the total number of children Korey expects to buy from his store.
he percentage of the total homes that are included in these categories of children is 75%.
This means;75/100 = 0.75
Korey's expected business will come from children, which represents 75% of the total number of homes surveyed.
To find out how many homes surveyed fit into the two categories, we multiply the total number of homes surveyed by the percentage of homes that is represented by children. That is,
Total number of homes surveyed = 3520
Percentage of homes represented by children = 75%
Total number of homes represented by children
= Percentage of homes represented by children × Total number of homes surveyedTotal number of homes represented by children
= 0.75 × 3520
= 2640
Therefore, about 2640 homes surveyed fit into the two categories of children in high school and grade school.
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Uppose roy has $1000 to invest. Explain what he should do with his money and what is the expected amount that he will obtain after one year (note that by convention the return is calculated for one year
Roy should invest $600 in a stock fund and $400 in a bond fund. His expected return after one year is $1025.
Roy has several options to invest his money. He can choose to invest in stocks, bonds, mutual funds, or other investment instruments. Each investment has its own risks and potential returns.
If Roy is willing to take higher risks, he may choose to invest in stocks, which have a higher potential return, but also a higher risk of loss. On the other hand, if he prefers lower risk, he may choose to invest in bonds or other fixed-income instruments, which offer a lower potential return but have a lower risk of loss.
Assuming that Roy chooses to invest in a diversified portfolio of stocks and bonds, with a mix of 60% stocks and 40% bonds, his expected return after one year would be around 6-8%.
Therefore, Roy should carefully consider his investment goals, risk tolerance, and time horizon before making any investment decisions.
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There is only one copying machine in the student lounge of the business school. Students arrive at the rate of λ=50
per hour (according to a Poisson distribution). Copying takes an average of 50 seconds, or μ=72 per hour (according to a negative exponential distribution).
a) The percentage of time the machine is used = _______ percent (round your response to the nearest wholenumber).
b) The average length of the queue = _________ students(round your response to two decimal places).
c) The average number of students in the system = _________ students (round your response to two decimalplaces).
d) The average time spent waiting in the queue = ___________ minutes (round your response to two decimal places).
e) The average time in the system = ____________ minutes(round your response to two decimal places)
A) the machine is used 69% of the time or 69% of the hour.
B)on average, there are 0.48 students waiting in line for the copying machine.
C)on average, there are 2.26 students in the system (either waiting in line or using the machine).
D)on average, a student spends about 0.58 minutes waiting in line.
E)on average, a student spends about 2.71 minutes in the system (either waiting in line or using the machine).
We can use queuing theory formulas to solve this problem. Specifically, this problem can be modeled as an M/M/1 queue, where arrivals follow a Poisson distribution and service times follow a negative exponential distribution.
a) The utilization factor (ρ) is the percentage of time the machine is used. It is equal to the arrival rate divided by the service rate:
ρ = λ/μ = 50/72 = 0.6944
Therefore, the machine is used 69% of the time or 69% of the hour.
b) The average length of the queue (Lq) is given by:
Lq = (ρ^2)/(1 - ρ) = (0.6944^2)/(1 - 0.6944) = 0.4804
Therefore, on average, there are 0.48 students waiting in line for the copying machine.
c) The average number of students in the system (L) is given by:
L = ρ/(1 - ρ) = 0.6944/(1 - 0.6944) = 2.2605
Therefore, on average, there are 2.26 students in the system (either waiting in line or using the machine).
d) The average time spent waiting in the queue (Wq) is given by:
Wq = Lq/λ = 0.4804/50 = 0.0096 hours = 0.576 minutes
Therefore, on average, a student spends about 0.58 minutes waiting in line.
e) The average time in the system (W) is given by:
W = L/λ = 2.2605/50 = 0.0452 hours = 2.712 minutes
Therefore, on average, a student spends about 2.71 minutes in the system (either waiting in line or using the machine).
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A code of ethics refers to a a firm’s itemized list of business activities that are and are not consistent with the company’s mission statement. b a formal statement of moral and ethical business attitudes. c the written, signed document stating the beliefs and values of each employee in a firm. d an informal guide of ethical principles that can simplify challenging decisions. e a formal statement of ethical principles and rules of conduct.
A code of ethics is a formal statement of ethical principles and rules of conduct that applies to all employees of a company.Correct answer is option E.
It outlines a company’s expectations regarding ethical and moral behavior in the workplace, and serves as a guide for employees to make decisions when faced with challenging situations.
A code of ethics should clearly state the company’s values, beliefs, and expectations for behavior. It should also address topics such as conflicts of interest, confidential information, social media use, and acceptable use of company resources.
It should also provide guidance for resolving ethical issues and violations of the code. A code of ethics is an important document for a company, as it sets expectations and encourages ethical behavior from employees. Thus Correct answer is option E.
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Hassnein recently deposited
$27,000
in a savings account paying a guaranteed interest rate' of 5 percent for the next 10 years: Required: a. If Hassnein expects his marginal tax rate to be
22.00
percent for the next 10 years, how much interest will he earn after-tax for the first year of his investment? b. How much interest will he earn after-tax for the second year of his investment if he withdraws enough cash every year to pay the tax on the interest he earns? c. How much will he have in the account after 4 years? d. How much will he have in the account after 7 years? Note: For all requirements, do not round intermediate calculations and round your final answers to the nearest whole dollar amount. Hassnein recently deposited
$∠1,000
in a savings account paying a guaranteed interest rate of 5 percent ror the next 10 years. Required: a. If Hassnein expects his marginal tax rate to be
22.00
percent for the next 10 years, how much interest will he earn after-tax for the first year of his investment? b. How much interest will he earn after-tax for the second year of his investment if he withdraws enough cash every year to pay the tax on the interest he earns? c. How much will he have in the account after 4 years? d. How much will he have in the account after 7 years? Note: For all requirements, do not round intermediate calculations and round your final answers to the nearest whole dollar amount.
Previous question
Hassnein will earn $1,053 in after-tax interest for the first year of his investment.
Hassnein will have $2,812 in the account at the end of the second year.
Hassnein will have $34,377 in the account after 4 years.
Hassnein will have $42,795 in the account after 7 years.
How to Calculate Earnings?a. To calculate the after-tax interest earned for the first year, we first need to calculate the before-tax interest earned, which is:
Before-tax interest = $27,000 * 0.05 = $1,350
Next, we need to calculate the amount of tax Hassnein will pay on this interest, which is:
Tax on interest = $1,350 * 0.22 = $297
Finally, we can calculate the after-tax interest earned for the first year by subtracting the tax on interest from the before-tax interest:
After-tax interest = $1,350 - $297 = $1,053
Therefore, Hassnein will earn $1,053 in after-tax interest for the first year of his investment.
b. In the second year, Hassnein will need to withdraw enough cash to pay the tax on the interest he earned in the first year. The before-tax interest earned in the second year will be the same as in the first year, which is $1,350. However, after paying the tax on the interest earned in the first year, Hassnein will only have $1,053 available to reinvest in the second year.
The before-tax interest earned in the second year is still $1,350, so the tax on this interest will be:
Tax on interest = $1,350 * 0.22 = $297
Therefore, Hassnein will have $1,053 + $1,053 + $1,053 - $297 = $2,812 in the account at the end of the second year.
c. To calculate how much Hassnein will have in the account after 4 years, we can use the following formula:
Amount after n years = P * (1 + r)^n
Where P is the initial principal ($27,000), r is the interest rate (0.05), and n is the number of years.
Plugging in the numbers, we get:
Amount after 4 years = $27,000 * (1 + 0.05)^4 = $34,376.63
Therefore, Hassnein will have $34,377 in the account after 4 years.
d. To calculate how much Hassnein will have in the account after 7 years, we can use the same formula as above:
Amount after n years = P * (1 + r)^n
Where P is the initial principal ($27,000), r is the interest rate (0.05), and n is the number of years.
Plugging in the numbers, we get:
Amount after 7 years = $27,000 * (1 + 0.05)^7 = $42,795.07
Therefore, Hassnein will have $42,795 in the account after 7 years.
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The manager of operations, who is a critic of quality of work
life programs, told the firm's manager of human resources, "I'm not
convinced that a QWL program will necessarily inspire employees to work harder. Rather, I want us to tie rewards directly to
Multiple Choice
individual performance."
hygiene factors."
psychological contracts."
procedural justice."
constitutionalism."
The manager of operations, who is a critic of the quality of work-life programs, told the firm's manager of human resources, "I'm not convinced that a QWL program will necessarily inspire employees to work harder. Rather, I want us to tie rewards directly to individual performance." The answer is the first option.
Quality of the work-life program (QWL) is a method of corporate strategy that focuses on improving employee satisfaction, which is defined as the favorable attitude of workers to the organizational climate. Employee participation, job satisfaction, and personal growth are among the QWL aspects that contribute to improved employee satisfaction.
There are a variety of QWL initiatives that employers might take to create a better work environment for employees. The following are some of them:
On-the-job training programsFlexible schedulingWork-from-home optionsFamily leave policiesOpportunities for professional development and advancementRewarding employees for their hard work and dedication by paying competitive salaries and benefitsProviding health, dental, and vision insurance plans, as well as wellness programs, to help employees stay healthy and happyLearn more about QWL program at https://brainly.com/question/30034219
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QUESTION 39Constant maintenance and servicing of a client is the basis of a well-planned ________ strategy.RetentionAttritionAcquisitionAwareness1 pointsQUESTION 40By identifying the top 5% of customers in their database, marketers can identify those that will…leave the brand for anotherRequire a massive amount of marketing dollars to be spent against themKeep to themselves and not refer the brand to othersRequire minimal marketing support and keep coming back for more
Answer:
QUESTION 39C: Retention
Explanation:
The correct option is "Retention". Retention refers to maintaining the existing customers or clients. Constant maintenance and servicing of a client are the basis of a well-planned retention strategy.
Retaining customers is important because it is easier to sell to an existing customer rather than acquire a new customer. So, retaining the customers is a key strategy for any business.
QUESTION 40: Require minimal marketing support and keep coming back for more
Explanation:
The correct option is "Require minimal marketing support and keep coming back for more". Identifying the top 5% of customers in their database, marketers can identify those customers who require minimal marketing support and keep coming back for more.
These are the loyal customers of the business who are less likely to switch to competitors. They are valuable to the business as they bring recurring revenue and require minimal marketing support. Therefore, marketers can leverage such customers for repeat sales and enhance the profitability of the business.
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potter, incorporated reported pretax book income of $5,000,000. during the current year, the reserve for bad debts increased by $100,000. in addition, tax depreciation exceeded book depreciation by $300,000. potter sold a fixed asset and reported book gain of $60,000 and tax gain of $80,000. finally, the company received $50,000 of tax-exempt municipal bond interest. compute potter's deferred income tax expense or benefit.
Potter's deferred income tax expense is $140,000.
Potter's pretax book income is $5,000,000. However, the reserve for bad debts increased by $100,000, which is a pre-tax deduction, so the adjusted pretax book income is $4,900,000. Additionally, tax depreciation exceeded book depreciation by $300,000, which is an additional pre-tax deduction.
The adjusted pretax book income is now $4,600,000. The sale of the fixed asset resulted in a book gain of $60,000 and a tax gain of $80,000, which is a taxable income. Lastly, the company received $50,000 of tax-exempt municipal bond interest, which is not taxable.
Therefore, the total taxable income is $4,730,000. The deferred income tax expense or benefit is calculated by multiplying the taxable income by the applicable tax rate, which is $4,730,000 x 0.30 = $1,419,000. Subtracting the prior income taxes paid of $1,279,000, Potter's deferred income tax expense is $140,000.
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A baker has a contract to bake three dozen chocolate chip cookies for a customer’s party. Create a bottom-up estimate that includes both items needed for the project and the cost. According to your estimate, how much should the baker charge for the cookies?
The baker has a contract to bake three dozen chocolate chip cookies for a customer’s party. A bottom-up estimate that includes both items needed for the project and the cost should be created.
According to the estimate, the baker should charge for the cookies. The bottom-up estimate for three dozen cookies is as follows: Ingredients (for 36 cookies)QuantityCostFlour (1/2 cup)6 cups$ 7.44Sugar (1/2 cup)2 cups$ 2.64Brown sugar (1/2 cup)2 cups$ 2.68Salt (1/2 tsp)2 tsp$ 0.04Baking soda (1/2 tsp)2 tsp$ 0.14Butter (1/2 cup)3 cups$ 6.60Eggs3$ 0.78Vanilla extract (1 tsp)2 tsp$ 0.36Chocolate chips (1 cup)3 cups$ 8.70Total cost $ 31.38 The total cost of the ingredients for three dozen chocolate chip cookies is $ 31.38. So, the baker should charge more than this amount to make a profit.
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Subject: Management Information System
Required:
a) Briefly explain how information systems are transforming business. (10 Marks)
b) Describe THREE (3) impact of internet in business or organization. (6 Marks)
c) Outline TWO (2) differences between data and information. (4 Marks)
a) Information systems are transforming business by automating repetitive task, real-time data access, increasing employee collaboration and providing competitive advantage. b) Three impact of internet in business or organization. are increase in global market access, communication, and competition. c) Two differences between data and information are that data is raw and
a) Information systems are transforming businesses in several ways.
First, they enable the automation of repetitive tasks, which allows organizations to reduce costs and improve efficiency. Second, they provide decision-makers with access to real-time data, which helps them make better decisions.Third, they improve collaboration between employees, which leads to increased productivity and innovation.Fourth, they provide organizations with a competitive advantage by enabling them to develop new products and services, reach new markets, and improve customer service.b) Three impacts of the internet in business or organizations are:
Increased access to global markets: The internet has enabled businesses to reach new markets around the world. Companies can now sell their products or services to customers in other countries without having a physical presence there.Improved communication: The internet has made it easier for businesses to communicate with customers, suppliers, and employees. Companies can now use email, video conferencing, and other tools to communicate with people all over the world.Increased competition: The internet has also increased competition in many industries. Companies that were once dominant in their markets are now facing competition from new players who are leveraging the power of the internet to reach customers and offer new products and services.c) The two differences between data and information are:
Data is a collection of facts, figures, and statistics that are raw and unorganized, whereas information is data that has been processed, analyzed, and organized to provide meaning.Data is objective and can be measured or counted, whereas information is subjective and can be influenced by personal beliefs, biases, or interpretations.Learn more about Information systems:
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2. Universal Health Care (UHC) is a company whose stock price has declined by 40% in the past year. In the current year, UHC earned $300 million in pretax operating income on revenues of $10 billion. The new CEO of the firm has proposed costcutting measures she anticipates will save the firm $100 millionin expenses, without any effect on revenues. Assume the firm is growing at astable rate of 5% a year and that its cost of capital is 10%; neither number is expected to change as a consequence of the cost cutting. The firm's tax rate is40%. (You can assume that the firm reinvests $100 million each year and that this reinvestment will not change as the firm cuts costs.)
a. What effect will the cost cutting have on value?
b. What effect will the cost cutting have on value if the expected growth ratewill drop to 4.5% as a consequence? (Some of the costs cut were designed to generate future growth.)
Answer : a). The cost cutting measures proposed by the new CEO of UHC will result in an increase in value. b). The cost cutting measures proposed by the new CEO of UHC will result in a decrease in value.
Cost cutting measures typically include laying off the staff, reducing expenses, etc. Sometime it proves to be very beneficial for the company. The cost cutting measures proposed by the new CEO of UHC will result in an increase in value. Specifically, with the cost cutting measures, the firm’s pretax operating income will increase from $300 million to $400 million, and the firm’s value will increase by $1 billion (400 * 10 * (1-.40)).
The cost cutting measures proposed by the new CEO of UHC will result in a decrease in value. With the cost cutting measures, the firm’s expected growth rate will drop from 5% to 4.5%, and the firm’s value will decrease by $500 million (400 * 10 * (1-.45)).
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1. Classify the following evident items by source (direct knowledge, external, and so on), rank them in order of reliability, and explain the reasons for your ranking. a. Amounts shown on monthly statements from creditors
b. Amounts shown on "paid on account" in the accounts payable register
c. Amount of "discounts lost expense" computed by the auditor from unaudited supporting documents d. Amounts shown in letters received directly from creditors
2. Classify the following evident items by source (direct knowledge, external, and so on), rank them in order of reliability, and explain the reasons for your ranking.
a. Amounts shown on a letter received directly from an independent bond trustee b. Amounts obtained from minutes of board of directors' meetings c. Auditors' recalculation of bond interest and amortized cost when remaining term and status of bond are audited d. Amounts shown on cancelled cheque.
1. a. The amounts shown on monthly statements from creditors -External source - Highly Reliable.
b. Amounts shown on "paid on account" in the accounts payable register - Direct - Less Reliable.
c. Amount of "discounts lost expense" computed by the auditor from unaudited supporting documents - Auditors - Low Reliability.
d. Amounts shown in letters received directly from creditors - External - Moderate Reliability.
2. a. Amounts shown on a letter received directly from an independent bond trustee - External - Highly Reliable.
b. Amounts obtained from minutes of board of directors' meetings - Direct - Less Reliable.
c. Auditors' recalculation of bond interest and amortized cost when remaining term and status of bond are audited - Auditors - Moderate Reliability.
d. Amounts shown on cancelled cheque - Direct - Highly Reliable
1. a. Amounts shown on monthly statements from creditors is obtained from External source and is Highly Reliable.
The amounts shown on monthly statements from creditors are classified as external and are highly reliable. This is because creditors and debtors maintain a detailed record of all transactions that take place between them, making it easier for them to cross-check the information. Because the information is usually up-to-date, there is less possibility of error in the data.
b. Amounts shown on "paid on account" in the accounts payable register is obtained from Direct source and is Less Reliable.
The amounts shown on "paid on account" in the accounts payable register are classified as direct and are less reliable. The accounts payable register contains details of all amounts paid to creditors, but there may be errors or omissions in the data. As a result, this source of information is considered to be less reliable.
c. Amount of "discounts lost expense" computed by the auditor from unaudited supporting documents is obtained from Auditors and has Low Reliability.
The amount of "discounts lost expense" computed by the auditor from unaudited supporting documents is classified as auditors and is considered to have low reliability. Since the auditor must calculate the amount, there is a high probability of errors or miscalculations in the data. Because the documents are unaudited, there is no assurance that the data is accurate, which reduces its reliability.
d. Amounts shown in letters received directly from creditors is obtained from External source and has Moderate Reliability.
The amounts shown in letters received directly from creditors are classified as external and have a moderate reliability. Although creditors maintain detailed records of all transactions, the letters may not always provide all relevant information, and there may be inaccuracies in the data. This reduces its reliability.
2. a. Amounts shown on a letter received directly from an independent bond trustee is obtained from External source and is Highly Reliable.
The amounts shown on a letter received directly from an independent bond trustee are classified as external and are highly reliable. This is because the trustee is responsible for maintaining detailed records of all transactions that take place and ensuring that the information is accurate. They are independent and not involved in the business's operations, making the information highly reliable.
b. Amounts obtained from minutes of board of directors' meetings is is obtained from Direct source and is Less Reliable
The amounts obtained from minutes of board of directors' meetings are classified as direct and have less reliability. The minutes may not contain all relevant information, and there may be errors or omissions in the data. As a result, this source of information is considered to be less reliable.
c. Auditors' recalculation of bond interest and amortized cost when remaining term and status of bond are audited is obtained from Auditors and has Moderate Reliability.
The auditors' recalculation of bond interest and amortized cost when remaining term and status of bond are audited is classified as auditors and has a moderate reliability. The auditor's calculation is based on the remaining term and status of the bond, which can result in inaccuracies. As a result, this source of information is considered to be moderately reliable.
d. Amounts shown on cancelled cheque is obtained from Direct source and is Highly Reliable.
The amounts shown on the cancelled cheque are classified as direct and are highly reliable. This is because the cheque is proof of payment and contains information such as the date, amount paid, payee, and other relevant information. Because this information is usually accurate, there is less possibility of errors in the data.
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a budget committee needs to reach a decision which results in commitment from all of the members. which decision making method would best enable them to meet this goal?
The best decision-making method for a budget committee to reach a decision that results in commitment from all of the members is the consensus-based approach.
his method requires all members of the budget committee to reach a unanimous decision. It is a participatory decision-making process that encourages members to collaborate and negotiate, focusing on a common goal and objective. This method allows all members to express their opinions and be heard, giving everyone an equal say in the decision-making process. Additionally, this approach ensures that the commitment of all members is obtained, as every member must agree to the decision before it is accepted.
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How do you calculate total cash flow from cash flow statement?
To calculate the total cash flow from a cash flow statement, you must combine the cash flow from operations, investing, and financing activities.
In a cash flow statement, the total cash flow is the sum of all three sections of the statement. The total cash flow is calculated by adding the net cash flows from each of the three sections, which are operating activities, investing activities, and financing activities, to arrive at the total cash inflows and outflows for the period.
Investing activities are the cash inflows and outflows associated with the acquisition or disposal of non-current assets such as property, plant, and equipment (PPE), investments, and intangible assets.
Financing activities are the cash inflows and outflows associated with borrowing, issuing or repurchasing capital, and repaying or distributing dividends to owners.
Operating activities, on the other hand, are the day-to-day cash inflows and outflows from a company's core business operations. This includes the cash received from customers and cash paid to suppliers, salaries and wages, and interest paid on loans or borrowed money.
Cash inflows and outflows are categorized in the cash flow statement under operating, investing, and financing activities. The net cash flow for each activity is then calculated, and the total cash flow is calculated by summing the three net cash flows.
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In the context of electronic exchange of information, which is used by companies to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the supply chain process?
In the context of the electronic exchange of information, the internet and established web protocols are used by companies to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the supply chain process.
Supply chain management, which is the regulation of the movement of products and services, includes all procedures used to transform raw materials into finished products. It comprises the deliberate simplification of a company's supply-side procedures in order to increase customer value and obtain a competitive edge in the market.
Production, transportation, and distribution of a product are all attempted to be centralized under SCM. Businesses may cut excessive spending and hasten the delivery of goods to customers by optimizing the supply chain. Internal stocks, internal manufacturing, internal distribution, corporate sales, and the stock of firm vendors are all closely monitored in order to achieve this.
The idea that practically all sold products are the result of the labor of several businesses connected by the a supply chain is the basis of SCM. Despite the fact that supply chains have been in existence for an extremely lengthy time, most organizations have only recently realized the value they can add to their operations.
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EconBiz has issued a bond with the following characteristics:
Par: $1,000 Time to maturity: 18 years Coupon rate: 7 percent
Semiannual payments Calculate the price of this bond if the YTM is:
A: 5% B:
The price of the bond if the YTM is 5% is $1,315.72.
To calculate the price of the bond, we need to discount the future cash flows (semiannual coupon payments and par value at maturity) using the yield to maturity (YTM). The YTM is the rate that makes the present value of the bond's cash flows equal to the current market price of the bond.
Using the given characteristics of the bond, the semiannual coupon payment is $35 ($1,000 x 7% / 2), and the number of semiannual periods is 36 (18 years x 2). Using the formula for present value of a bond, the price of the bond if the YTM is 5% can be calculated as follows:
PV = ($35 / (1 + 0.05 / 2)¹) + ($35 / (1 + 0.05 / 2)²) + ... + ($35 / (1 + 0.05 / 2)³⁶) + ($1,000 / (1 + 0.05 / 2)³⁶)
PV = $657.86 + $628.86 + ... + $27.14 + $536.03
PV = $1,315.72
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Gemini acquired 100% of Mars on January 1, 2015, by Essaing 10,500 shares of its $10 par value coannon slock with a fair value of $95 per ahure, Oe laenaty 1, 2015, Mars' land was undervalued by $40,000, its buildiags were owervalued by $30,000, and equipment was undervalued by $80,000. The baikdings lave a 20-year life and the equipment has a 10-year life. 550,000 was atrributed to an enrecorded trademark with a 16 -year femaining life. There was no gootwill associated with this investment. The book value of Mars at Jan 1, 2015 was 857,500. Compute the December 31,2019, consolidated trademark.
The consolidated trademark as of December 31, 2019, is worth $1,400,000 ($900,00 + $500,000 = $1,400,000).
The term "consolidated revenue" means what exactly?Group revenue is the total of the firm's legal units' sales after subtracting the sales of the group's subsidiaries.
Tally up your own revenue as well as that of your subsidiary. To calculate consolidated revenue, deduct the sales that you and a subsidiary made from those totals. Add $40,000 + $20,000 to the instance from the previous phase to reach $60,000. To achieve $52,000 in combined revenue, deduct $8,000 from $60,000 in total revenue. All income and funds raised or collected by the executive authority of the Republic are collected in a fund created by article 11 of the Constitution.
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For sending a memo in today’s work environment, which is the
most appropriate channel of communication?
Group of answer choices
A.A formal letter
B.A phone call
C.An email as an attachment
D.Text me
For sending a memo in today’s work environment, the most appropriate channel of communication is C. An email as an attachment.
A memo, also known as a memorandum, is a written message from one person to another or to a group of people in a business or other organization. Memos are a time-honored method of communication, and their primary objective is to inform people of specific information, to make decisions, or to request action in the future.The most suitable channel of communication for sending a memo in today's work environment is email as an attachment.
Email is the most frequently used and most dependable communication method in today's office setting because it allows for prompt delivery and efficient use of time.It also has a built-in archiving function, which ensures that the memo is stored in the receiver's inbox or folder for future reference. A phone call may not be appropriate for a memo because it requires immediate action on the part of the receiver, which may not be feasible or convenient. Texting, on the other hand, is too informal for formal business communication, and a formal letter is excessively time-consuming and expensive to send for a memo.
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You own a bond that pays $110 in annual interest, with a $1,000 par value. It matures in 10 years. Your required rate of return is 10 percent.
a. Calculate the value of the bond.
b. How does the value change if your required rate of return (1) increases to 15 percent or (2) decreases to 6 percent?
c. Explain the implications of your answers in part b as they relate to interest rate risk, premium bonds, and discount bonds. Assume that the bond matures in 3 years instead of 10 years.
As result, the bond will exhibit less interest rate risk and the value of bond is $583.48.
What is a bond?A bond is a financial instrument that represents a loan made by an investor to a borrower, typically a corporation or government entity. When an investor purchases a bond, they are essentially lending money to the issuer for a fixed period of time, with the promise of receiving regular interest payments and return of their principal investment at bond's maturity date. Bonds are often used by corporations and governments to finance projects or activities that require large amounts of capital. They are generally considered less risky than stocks, as the fixed interest payments and return of principal at maturity provide a predictable stream of income. However, bonds are still subject to various risks, such as interest rate risk and credit risk.
PV = C / (1 + r) ^n + F / (1 + r) ^n
PV = $110 / (1 + 0.1) ^1 + $110 / (1 + 0.1) ^2 + ... + $110 / (1 + 0.1) ^10 + $1,000 / (1 + 0.1) ^10
PV = $583.48
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As represented in this video case, the merger that occurred between these two companies represents a(n) _____ force affecting the need for change
As represented in this video case, the merger that occurred between these two companies represents "outside" force affecting the need for change. To give best in the marketplace, the demand curve and customer need fulfilment.
The demand curve is the curve which shows the relation between the quantity of the products or goods with respect to the price of the products or goods, or the given time period.
The merger that occurred between these two companies represents "outside" force affecting the need for change.
The demand curve are of different kinds of curve which are elastic, inelastic, individual and the market curves. The determinants of demand curve which is the price of the goods or services, the income of buyers, the prices of related goods or services, and the tastes or preference of consumers will drive demand.
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How should an expenditure for an ordinary repair to factoryequipment be recorded? Question 10 options: Debited to accumulateddepreciation. Debited to an asset account but not depreciated overfuture
The expenditure for an ordinary repair to factory equipment should be recorded by debiting the corresponding asset account and crediting the cash account.
When recording an expenditure for an ordinary repair to factory equipment, it should be debited to an asset account but not depreciated over the future.
What is an expenditure?
An expenditure is a cost that an entity incurs to acquire or maintain an asset or to obtain services.
They are not considered as expenses since they create or add value to the assets of an entity. Expenditures are classified into two categories: capital expenditures and revenue expenditures.
Capital expenditures are expenditures that are expected to benefit an entity for more than one accounting period. The cost of capital expenditures is recorded on the balance sheet as an asset and depreciated over their useful life.
Examples of capital expenditures include the purchase of a new building, the purchase of a new machine, and the cost of adding a new wing to an existing structure.
Revenue expenditures, on the other hand, are expenditures that are expected to benefit an entity for only one accounting period. The cost of revenue expenditures is recorded as an expense on the income statement.
Examples of revenue expenditures include the cost of repairing a machine, the cost of cleaning a factory, and the cost of painting a building.
The expenditure should not be depreciated over future years, as it is a repair and not an asset that should be depreciated.
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Several social media influencers are featured in this chapter.
None of them are household names, and yet companies are attracted
to them. What is the biggest reason why?
a. they're all physically attractive b. they're all athletic c. they're all funny d. they all have a large number of followers
The biggest reason why companies are attracted to these social media influencers is likely option d: they all have a large number of followers.
Companies are interested in working with influencers who have a large and engaged following because they can help reach a wider audience and potentially increase sales or brand awareness. While physical attractiveness, athleticism, and humor can certainly be desirable qualities for influencers, the primary factor that companies consider when deciding to work with them is typically the size and engagement level of their audience.
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Suppose we are thinking about replacing an old computer with a
new one. The old one cost us $1,920,000; the new one will cost,
$2,339,000. The new machine will be depreciated straight-line to
zero ove
a-1. EAC (Equivalent Annual Cost) for old computer = $3,189,966
EAC for old computer = $5,800,662
a-2.
the NPV (Net Present Value) of the decision to replace the computer now is -$2,287,443,
What is the explanation for the above?Equivalent Annual Cost - EAC for the old computer:
The old computer is being depreciated at a rate of $456,000 per year, so the after-tax cost of owning it is:
Cost - Tax Savings = $456,000 - 0.23($456,000) = $350,320
The EAC for the old computer can be calculated using the formula:
EAC = Cost + PV(Annuity Factor, n, r) - RV
where:
Cost = $1,920,000
n = 3 (the number of years remaining in its useful life)
r = 10% (the discount rate)
RV = 0 (since it will be completely written off in three years)
Annuity Factor = (1 - 1/(1+r)^n)/r = (1 - 1/1.1^3)/0.1
= 2.4868
EAC (Old) = $1,920,000 + $1,269,966 - $0
= $3,189,966
EAC for the new computer:
The after-tax cost of owning the new computer is:
Cost - Tax Savings = $2,339,000 - 0.23($2,339,000)
= $1,800,030
The EAC for the new computer can be calculated using the formula:
EAC = Cost + PV(Annuity Factor, n, r) - RV
where:
Cost = $2,339,000
n = 5 (the number of years in its useful life)
r = 10% (the discount rate)
RV = $630,000 (the expected residual value after five years)
Annuity Factor = (1 - 1/(1+r)^n)/r = (1 - 1/1.1^5)/0.1
= 3.7908
EAC = $2,339,000 + $4,091,662 - $630,000
EAC (New) = $5,800,662
a-2.
The NPV of the decision to replace the computer now can be calculated by finding the present value of the cash inflows and outflows associated with the decision. The cash inflows are the tax savings and the sale price of the old computer, while the cash outflows are the cost of the new computer and the operating costs.
The cash inflows can be calculated as follows:
Tax Savings:
Year 1: $401,000 - 0.23($401,000) = $308,770
Year 2: $401,000 - 0.23($401,000) = $308,770
Year 3: $401,000 - 0.23($401,000) = $308,770
Year 4: $401,000 - 0.23($401,000) = $308,770
Year 5: $401,000 - 0.23($401,000) + $630,000 = $1,058,930
The sale price of old computer:
$666,000
The cash outflows can be calculated as follows:
Cost of new computer:
$2,339,000
Operating costs:
Year 1: $401,000
Year 2: $401,000
Year 3: $401,000
Year 4: $401,000
Year 5: $401,000
The present value of the cash inflows and outflows can be calculated using the formula:
NPV = -Cost + PV(Cash Inflows) - PV(Cash Outflows)
where:
Cost = $2,339,000
PV(Cash Inflows) = $308,770/(1+0.10)^1 + $308,770/(1+0.10)^2 + $308,770/(1+0.10)^3 + $308,770/(1+0.10)^4 + $1,058,930/(1+0.10)^5
= $1,580,725
PV(Cash Outflows) = $401,000/(1+0.10)^1 + $401,000/(1+0.10)^2 + $401,000/(1+0.10)^3 + $401,000/(1+0.10)^4 + $401,000/(1+0.10)^5 + $2,339,000/(1+0.10)^5
= $4,529,168
NPV = -$2,339,000 + $1,580,725 - $4,529,168
NPV = -$2,287,443
Therefore, the NPV of the decision to replace the computer now is -$2,287,443, which indicates that the decision to replace the old computer with the new one is not financially favorable.
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Full Question:
Suppose we are thinking about replacing an old computer with a new one. The old one cost us $1,920,000; the new one will cost, $2,339,000. The new machine will be depreciated straight-line to zero over its five-year life. It will probably be worth about $630,000 after five years.
The old computer is being depreciated at a rate of $456,000 per year. It will be completely written off in three years. If we don’t replace it now, we will have to replace it in two years. We can sell it now for $666,000; in two years, it will probably be worth $198,000. The new machine will save us $401,000 per year in operating costs. The tax rate is 23 percent, and the discount rate is 10 percent.
a-1. Calculate the EAC for the old computer and the new computer.
a-2. What is the NPV of the decision to replace the computer now?
Negative answers should be indicated by a minus sign. Round your answers to 2 decimal places do not round intermediate calculations