The following are common nursing diagnoses for patients with anemia:
Fatigue brought on by a drop in hemoglobin and a reduction in the blood's ability to carry oxygen. altered nutrition, less than what the body needs, caused by insufficient consumption of vital nutrients. altered blood flow to the tissues as a result of inadequate hemoglobin and hematocrit.
To combat fatigue Make physical activity and exercise a priority to avoid the deconditioning that follows inactivity.
idleness.
to keep a sufficient diet A nutritious diet full of healthy foods should be promoted by the nurse. should counsel the patient to abstain from or moderate alcohol consumption.
monitoring of blood transfusions. The patient's vital signs and pulse oximeter values should be closely watched by the nurse.
increase compliance The nurse should work with the patient to find practical ways to apply the therapy plan to daily activities.
Evaluation
The following are among the anticipated patient outcomes:
decreased weariness is reported.
attains and keeps up a healthy diet.
preserves a sufficient perfusion.
absence of difficulties
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a nurse has been hired to ooversee the operations of a sereis of ambulatory clincis the nurse can best promote
The nurse can best promote Integrating and management skills
The best way to foster success and high achievement is for individuals to combine their leadership and management responsibilities. While encouraging certain management competencies among staff members can be advantageous, it cannot take the place of the importance of the leader manager's own skill set. Followership must be corned rather than mancated. Due to conflicts, having numerous leaders might make it more challenging to enact change.
What is management skills ?An executive needs have certain qualities or skills in order to carry out specific jobs in an organisation, and these qualities or talents are referred to as management competencies. They include the ability to carry out executive responsibilities in an organisation while averting crises and quickly resolving issues when they arise.
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a client with schizophrenia is started on a regimen of chlorpromazine. after a shuffling gait, - tremors, and some rigidity develop, benztropine mesylate is prescribed. which characteristics do these medications share?
Both drugs work by inhibiting central acetylcholine receptors. Neither drug inhibits cholinesterase; the only drug that does this is neostigmine (Prostigmin).
When administered in high dosages, benztropine mesylate can make people mentally confused, although it has no effect on chlorpromazine's antipsychotic properties. Both drugs result in dry mouth.
Why is chlorpromazine prescribed?Chlorpromazine is used to treat the signs and symptoms of schizophrenia, a mental illness that results in disturbed or unusual thinking, loss of interest in life, and strong or inappropriate emotions, as well as other psychotic disorders, which make it difficult to tell what is real from what is imagined.
Can anxiety be treated with chlorpromazine?Chlorpromazine is an antipsychotic drug that can be used to treat anxiety, mania, psychosis, and schizophrenia. Injections: This is a short-acting injectable with 25 mg in 1 ml of injection, and it is typically used in hospitals when needed in an emergency.learn more about schizophrenia here
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aterminally ill client is furious with one of the staff nurses. the client refuses the nurse’s | care and insists on doing self-care. a different nurse is assigned to care for the client. which step would the newly assigned nurse include in her or his plan of care? quizlet
A terminally ill client is furious with one of the staff nurses. the client refuses the nurse’s care and insists on doing self-care. Assess the client's present status and include the client in a discussion of revisions to the plan of care.
What is self-care ?Self-care is the act of looking out for oneself by engaging in healthy activities and proactive sickness management when necessary. Every day, people make decisions about their diet, exercise, sleep, and dental care as a sort of self-care.
Self-care is the practice of using one's knowledge and information resources to take care of one's own health. It is a decision-making process that enables people to effectively and conveniently take care of their own health, working with health and social care experts as necessary.
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association between diabetes medications and the risk of parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
The impact of various diabetes drugs on the risk of Parkinson's disease is unknown, and the quality of studies is poor. While our findings indicate a lack of relationship between metformin use.
Parkinson's disease
Parkinson's disease is a neurological ailment that produces unintentional or uncontrollable movements such as shaking, stiffness, and difficulties with balance and coordination. Symptoms normally appear gradually and progress over time. People may have trouble walking and talking as the condition advances.
What age does Parkinson's usually start?Age is a recognized risk: Although the majority of persons with Parkinson's disease develop the symptoms beyond the age of 60, about 5% to 10% develop the disease before the age of 50. Parkinson's disease with early onset is usually inherited, although not always, and some kinds have been linked to specific gene alterations.
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a nurse is planning care of a newly admitted client, into an acute care facility who has a history of alcohol use disorder. patient states his last drink was 6 hrs ago. which goal is the highest priority
Maintaining adequate hydration is the primary goal of the nurse while planning care for the patient.
What is nursing intervention?Nursing interventions are actions taken by a nurse to implement their patient care plan, which may include any treatments, procedures, or teaching moments designed to improve the patient's comfort and health.
Because it flushes toxins out of the digestive and urinary systems, proper hydration aids the body's efficiency during detox and withdrawal.
Cravings are reduced when harmful toxins are removed. In addition, adequate water intake assists the body's cells in returning to their normal state.
Thus, the nurse should keep track of proper hydration of the patient.
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negative impacts of high potency thc on community and victim safety: this is not medicine | elizabeth 'libby' stuyt
Negative impacts of high potency on community and victim safety and this is not medicine is violence.
Who is responsible for the safety of the patient?
Patient's safety is the most important factor and matter of concern for the hospital management as well as nurse too. In such case if the patient stucks in danger than it is the duty of hospital management to ensure the safety of the patient.
Patient is already in critical situation where he needs help and medication and he is totally depend upon others for the basic routine activities. In such case if the patient stucks in danger than it is the duty of management of hospital to ensure the safety of the patient.
Therefore, Negative impacts of high potency on community and victim safety and this is not medicine is violence.
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which disorder contributes to a continued rise of nitrogenous wastes in a patient with acute kidney injury?
Acute renal failure (ARF), classically defined as an abrupt decrease in kidney function that leads to accumulation of nitrogenous wastes such as blood urea nitrogen and creatinine, is a common clinical problem with increasing incidence, serious consequences,
What is Acute renal failure (ARF) ?Acute renal failure (ARF), commonly referred to as acute kidney injury (AKI), is a brief period of kidney damage or failure that lasts a few hours to a few days. AKI makes it difficult for your kidneys to maintain the proper balance of fluid in your body and leads to a buildup of waste products in your blood.
A decrease in blood flow to the kidneys or blocked or damaged kidneys that prevent urine from draining are both potential causes of acute renal failure. Although ARF can affect anyone, it is more prevalent in older individuals and those who have underlying medical issues, such as kidney disease. liver illnessLearn more about Acute renal failure here:
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the nurse is explaining to a new graduate nurse about how to assess for pain in an infant. the nurse knows the teaching was effective when the graduate nurse identifies which symptom(s) as a sign of pain in an infant? select all that apply.
a. quivering chin
b. Diffuse body movements
c. inconsolability
d. clenched fists
e. tears
f. high-pitched cry
The following categories are most commonly used to classify infant development. Toddlers grow physically. For example, sucking is done before sitting and before walking. Infants up to 2 months of age: When lying on their back, they can raise and turn their heads. Arms are bent and hands are clenched. When the baby is pulled into the sitting position, the neck can no longer support the head.Therefore, a number of symptoms will be observed in the infant.
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budesonide/formoterol in a single inhaler for maintenance and relief in mild-to-moderate asthma: a randomized, double-blind trial. chest. 2006
To compare a novel asthma management strategy--budesonide/formoterol in a single inhaler for both maintenance therapy and symptom relief--with a higher dose of budesonide plus as-needed terbutaline.
What is the result of the above study ?Greater improvements in morning PEF were seen in patients receiving budesonide/formoterol compared to those receiving budesonide (increases of 34.5 L/min vs 9.5 L/min, respectively; p 0.001). With budesonide/formoterol compared to budesonide, the probability of experiencing a severe exacerbation (hospitalization/emergency department [ED] treatment, oral steroids for asthma, or a > or = 30% reduction from baseline in morning PEF on 2 consecutive days) was 54% lower (p = 0.0011). Patients taking budesonide/formoterol had 90% fewer hospitalizations and ED visits for asthma (1 vs. 10, respectively; p = 0.026). The enhanced efficacy with budesonide/formoterol was obtained with 77% fewer oral steroid treatment days compared to the budesonide group and with less ICS (mean dose, 240 microg/d vs 320 microg/d, respectively) (114 days vs 498 days, respectively). Both therapies worked out well.
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a covered entity is someone or an organization that a. provides direct patient care. b. transmits information about patient care or financial aspects of patient care. c. has access to medical records. d. is only involved in financial aspects of patient care. 2. the hipaa privacy rule recognizes and requires that
Option (b) is correct answer because covered entity is someone that transmits information about patient care or financial aspects of patient care in electronic form in connection with HIPPA transaction.
Rest options are incorrect.
Ans2:- Option (c) is correct answer because HIPPA privacy rule recognizes and requires a patient's "protected" health information is confidential, and must be protected.
Ans:3- Option (a) is correct answer that protected health information includes any information that concerns the health status of an individual. It may include health information and other information on treatment or care that is transmitted or maintained in any form or medium(electronic, paper, oral.
Ans:4- Option (c) is correct answer that Protected health information is information that is in written, electronic, or verbal form. Rest options are incorrect because they are not complete.
All the 4 question answers are explanation of each other.
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a nurse is caring for a client who has prostate cancer. the nurse should expect the provider to prescribe which of the following medications for this client?
Answer is leuprolide. A drug used to deal with prostate cancer, issues with the endometrium (lining of the uterus), and uterine fibroids (noncancerous growths of the uterus).
It is additionally being studied in the treatment of other prerequisites and kinds of cancer.
What is leuprolide mechanism of action?As its fundamental mechanism of action, leuprolide acetate suppresses gonadotrope secretion of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone that due to this fact suppresses gonadal sex steroid production.
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https://brainly.com/question/15041642#SPj4a nurse is assessing a client who is taking levothyroxine. the nurse should recognize that which of the following findings is a manifestation of levothyroxine overdose?
Overdosing on levothyroxine will cause hyperthyroidism symptoms as sleeplessness, tachycardia, and heat.
Constipation is a sign of hypothyroidism and indicates an inadequate dose of levothyroxine. Drowsiness is a symptom of hypothyroidism and indicates a too low dose of levothyroxine. Levothyroxine is a thyroid drug that replaces hormones normally produced by the thyroid gland to control the body's energy and metabolism. Hypothyroidism is treated with levothyroxine (lowering thyroid hormone levels). If your thyroid doesn't make enough of this hormone naturally, this drug is prescribed.The thyroid hormone thyroxine comes in a synthetic version called levothyroxine, sometimes called L-thyroxine. Used to treat thyroid hormone deficiency, especially severe myxedema, coma, and Hashimoto's disease.Therefore, levothyroxine causes a number of side effects.
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Use of certain medications may increase an individual's nutrient needs. true or false
The statement about 'the use of certain medications may increase an individual's nutrient needs' is True.
Why do certain drugs increase nutrient needs?Certain medications may accelerate the metabolic rate of an individual, thereby increasing nutrient needs in order to maintain the homeostatic state (i.e., the state in internal equilibrium) of the person after dosage.
In conclusion, the statement about 'the use of certain medications may increase an individual's nutrient needs' is True.
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23 year old g1p0 woman presents with cramping and vaginal bleeding her last menstrual period occurred seven
Methotrexate administration is the best next course of action in management. Before beginning methotrexate therapy for the treatment of an ectopic pregnancy, a few prerequisites must be satisfied.
What is ectopic pregnancy?
Hemodynamic stability, a non-ruptured ectopic pregnancy, an ectopic mass that is less than 4 cm in diameter without fetal heartbeat or 3.5 cm when fetal heartbeat is present, normal liver enzymes and renal function, a normal white blood cell count, and the patient's ability to follow up quickly (reliable transportation, etc.) if her condition worsens are all required. Antibiotics are not necessary in this situation.
Offering observation instead of treatment and pain management would not deal with the patient's issue's root cause. Culdocentesis is not necessary and would not affect how this patient is being managed.
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health problems are most effectively prevented by maintenance of healthy lifestyles and healthy environments
health problems are most effectively prevented by maintenance of healthy lifestyles and healthy environments
:True
Nearly a quarter of the worldwide burden of disease could be avoided by creating healthier surroundings. The COVID-19 outbreak serves as another another reminder of how precarious the balance is between people and the environment.
The conditions for good health include clean air, a predictable climate, enough water, sanitation and hygiene, safe chemical usage, radiation protection, healthy and safe workplaces, sound agricultural practices, health-supportive cities and built environments, and preserved nature.
What illnesses can be avoided by creating healthy environments?
Stroke, ischemic heart disease, diarrhea, and malignancies represent the major illness burden that could be reduced by creating healthier settings.
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rick recently discovered that he has hypertension. what lifestyle changes should rick probably make? a. switch to a diet low in unsaturated fats and e
Rick should probably make the move to a diet low in saturated fats and up his workout regimen.
Why does blood pressure rise?Usually, high blood pressure comes on gradually. Harmful lifestyle findings, such as not hiring in adequate routine physical exercise, can donate to it. Obesity and certain medical problems like diabetes might raise one's risk of developing high blood stress. Although the exact reason for high blood pressure in young adults isn't always known, the initial steps to lowering your blood pressure can be taken by addressing obesity, a sedentary lifestyle, and excessive alcohol or salt consumption. Younger persons' high blood pressure is typically accompanied by an underlying health issue, such as hormone imbalances or a blockage in the blood arteries that supply the kidneys, as opposed to older adults.The complete question is:
Rick recently discovered that he has hypertension. What lifestyle changes should Rick probably make?
A. switch to a diet low in unsaturated fats and exercise regularly
B. switch to a diet high in protein and grains and exercise regularly
C. switch to a diet low in saturated fats and exercise regularly
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when the nurse is evaluating the reliability of a patient’s responses, which of these statements would be correct? the patient:
To establish reliability, analysts look at consistency throughout time, inside the measurement device, and between different observers. The patient Provided constant communication and therefore is reliable.
How is dependability assessed?Analysts evaluate consistency throughout time, inside the measuring tool, and between various observers to determine reliability.Test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and inter-rater consistency are further names for these sorts of consistency. To assess test-retest reliability, the measure must first be administered to a group of participants and then administered to the same people again at a later date.The test-retest correlation between the two sets of scores must also be examined. This is often accomplished by creating a scatterplot of the data and calculating Pearson's r.The split-half, test-retest, internal consistency, and reliability coefficient are a few techniques for assessing the dependability of a research endeavor.Therefore, the correct answer is option b. Provided consistent information and therefore is reliable.
The complete question is:
When the nurse is evaluating the reliability of a patient's responses, which of these statements would be correct? The patient:
a. Has a history of drug abuse and therefore is not reliable.
b. Provided consistent information and therefore is reliable.
c. Smiled throughout interview and therefore is assumed reliable.
d. Would not answer questions concerning stress and therefore is not reliable.
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a 15-month-old toddler is brought to the pediatrician’s office for a well-child checkup and the nurse is reviewing health promotion with the family. what recommendations would the nurse make to the family to help ensure the child’s health? select all that apply.
The recommendations that the nurse make to the family to help ensure the child’s health are:
Keep all medications locked up and out of reach for the child.Turn the hot water heater temperature down to 120℉ (48.9℃).Never allow the child to ride in the car unless he is secured in a car seat.What is health promotion?The term Health promotion is known to be a term that connote the act of making sure that people have an increase level of control over, and to improve all areas of their health.
Therefore, based on the above, The recommendations that the nurse make to the family to help ensure the child’s health are:
Keep all medications locked up and out of reach for the child.Turn the hot water heater temperature down to 120℉ (48.9℃).Never allow the child to ride in the car unless he is secured in a car seat.Learn more about medications administration from
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A 15-month-old toddler is brought to the pediatrician’s office for a well-child checkup and the nurse is reviewing health promotion with the family. what recommendations would the nurse make to the family to help ensure the child’s health? select all that apply.
Keep all medications locked up and out of reach for the child.
Keep all medications opened and in the reach of the child.
Allow the child to often play with the medication.
Turn the hot water heater temperature down to 120℉ (48.9℃).
Never allow the child to ride in the car unless he is secured in a car seat.
a person with a body mass index (bmi) of 40 is considered , where excess body fat can interfere with day-to-day movement and even breathing.
A Body Mass Index (BMI) of 40 or more, or approximately 100 pounds or more over the optimal body weight, is considered morbid obesity. Obesity-related diseases like morbid obesity make it difficult for people to walk or breathe normally.
A Body Mass Index (BMI) of 40 or more, or approximately 100 pounds or more over the optimal body weight, is considered morbid obesity. Obesity-related diseases like morbid obesity make it difficult for people to walk or breathe normally. A shorter life expectancy, serious health consequences in the form of weight-related health issues (co-morbid conditions) like Type 2 Diabetes, Obstructive Sleep Apnea, High Blood Pressure, Osteoarthritis, Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Infertility, and a lower quality of life are some of the long-term effects of the disease.
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a nurse is providing teaching about the gastrostomy tube feedings to the parents of a school age child. whichof the following instructions should the nurse take?a. administer the feeding over 30 min.b. place the child in as supine position after the feeding.c. charge the feeding bag and tubing every 3 days.d. warm the formula in the microwave prior to administration.
The instructions should the nurse take is to Administer the feeding over 30 min
What is gastrostomy tube ?A gastrostomy tube, often known as a G-tube, is an implanted medical tool that provides direct access to your child's stomach for additional feeding, hydration, or medicine. G-tubes are utilised for a number of medical issues, however feedings to improve your child's nutrition are the most popular application.
For a variety of health issues, including congenital (existing at birth) issues with the mouth, oesophagus, stomach, or intestines, children require G-tubes. abnormalities of swallowing and sucking (due to premature birth, injury, a developmental delay, or another condition)Learn more about Gastronomy here:
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a client is being screened for a parasitic infection and the physician orders stool specimens. when explaining to the client about collecting the specimens, the nurse would inform the client that the specimens will be collected daily for:
Answer:
Daily to make sure that the patients health is increasing and that they are remaining healthy.
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magee la, abalos e, von dadelszen p, sibai b, easterling t, walkinshaw s. how to manage hypertension in pregnancy effectively. br j clin pharmacol. sep 2011;72(3):394-401.
To manage hypertension in pregnancy effectively given an antihypertensive medication as soon as possible, but at least within one hour.
Hypertension in pregnancy :The following dangers are associated with high blood pressure during pregnancy: a reduction in blood flow to the placenta. The fetus may obtain less oxygen and nutrients if the placenta doesn't get enough blood. Low birth weight, intrauterine growth restriction, and premature birth can result from this.
What causes hypertension in pregnancy?High blood pressure during pregnancy may result from unhealthy lifestyle choices. Major risk factors for high blood pressure include being overweight or obese and not exercising regularly.
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I understand question you are looking for :
how to manage hypertension in pregnancy effectively.
a nurse at an ophthalmology clinic is providing teaching to a client who has open-angle glaucoma and a new treatment regimen of timolol and pilocarpine eye drops. which of the following instructions should the nurse provide?
The nurse should instruct that (C) the medication should be applied on a regular schedule for the rest of the client's life.
A subtype of glaucomas known as primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is characterized by an open, seemingly normal anterior chamber angle and elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), with no additional underlying illness. Secondary glaucoma is a condition where the elevated IOP has a known underlying etiology.
The goal of open angle glaucoma medications is to increase sufficient outflow, reduce its generation, or both. For the rest of their lives, the patient must keep using the eyedrops to keep their intraocular pressure at a manageable level.
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Question correction:
A nurse at an Ophthalmic G clinic is providing teaching to a client who has an open angle glaucoma and a new prescription for timolol eye drops. Which of the following instruction should the nurse provide?
A) the medication is to be applied when the client is expressing our pain
B) the medication will be used into the client in ocular pressure return to normal
C) the medication should be applied on a regular schedule for the rest of the clients life
D) the medication is to be used for approximately 10 days following a gradual tapering off
As perceived by an examiner, which is an objective finding such as a fever, a rash, or the whisper heard over the chest in pleural effusion?
The accumulation of extra fluid between the layers of the pleura outside the lungs is known as a pleural effusion, also known as "water on the lungs." Often a sharp pain is felt during a deep breath, which is a common objective finding.
The pleura, which are tiny membranes that line the chest cavity and the lungs, help to lubricate and assist breathing. The pleura typically contains a tiny amount of fluid.
The underlying cause of the pleural effusion, whether breathing is impacted, and whether it is treatable efficiently all determine how serious the illness is.
Treatment-effective pleural effusion causes include viral infections, pneumonia, and heart failure. Therapy of related mechanical issues and treatment of the underlying cause of the pleural effusion are two things that need to be taken into account.
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dufendach kr, eichenberger ja, mcpheeters ml, temple mw, bhatia hl, alrifai mw, potter sa, weinberg st, johnson kb, lehmann cu. core functionality in pediatric electronic health records [internet]. rockville (md): agency for healthcare research and quality (us); 2015 apr. report no.: 15-ehc014-ef. pmid: 25950078.
Adding new pediatric functionality to an Electronic Health Record (EHR) should be done carefully, preferably taking usefulness, testability, and usability factors into account.
Electronic Health Record (EHR) is the collected patient data and health information stored digitally.
Experts agree in the literature that particular functions are needed in EHRs used in pediatric care in order to assist the work of child health care professionals and ensure the provision of high-quality treatment to pediatric patients. These capabilities are related to the maturing physiology and circumstances of a kid. The interaction between pediatric patients and their caregivers, including teenage privacy, as well as child development, physiologic drug dosage, pediatric illness treatment, and pediatric standards are among the key topics. The majority of pre-post research on a select few crucial capabilities provide the empirical evidence for health outcomes related to the adoption of a pediatric EHR or for the deployment of technologies like clinical decision support. If these features are properly implemented, according to key informants, the EHR will also help significantly in the treatment of all patients. The need to promote and sustain patient safety, the patient-centered medical home, and the growing prevalence of pediatric-specific clinical quality indicators are the current motivators for creating pediatric functionality for EHRs.
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Which type of drug allergy affects the entire body and causes an inability to breathe?
Anaphylaxis affects the entire body and causes an inability to breathe.
What is the most frequent allergic reaction to a drug?Anaphylaxis is a severe, potentially fatal reaction that can simultaneously affect two or more organ systems (for example, when there is both swelling and difficulty breathing or when there is both vomiting and hives).
What are the two types of drug allergy reactions?Rashes and itching on the skin are the most typical allergic medication reactions.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, chemotherapy drugs, monoclonal antibodies, anti-seizure medications, and ACE inhibitors are common causes of allergic drug reactions.
Adverse medication responses fall into two basic categories:
IgE and the immune system are involved in true allergic reactions. (A small fraction of people experiences this.)
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a prescription reads potassium chloride 30 meq to be added to 1000 ml normal saline (ns) and to be administered over a 10-hour period. the label on the medication bottle reads 40 meq/20 ml. the nurse prepares how many milliliters (ml) of potassium chloride to administer the correct dose of medication? fill in the blank.
The milliliters of potassium chloride do you need to administer the correct dose is 15 mL.
What is the element above about?Potassium Chloride is known to be a kind of metal halide that is made up of potassium as well as chloride.
Note that in the case above, the nurse need to prepare 15 ml of potassium chloride.
From the question, the desired dose: 30 mEq
The available concentration: 40 mEq (units) per 20 mL (volume)
Therefore, (desired dose ÷ available concentration (units)) × available concentration (volume)
= mL per desired dose
(30 mEq ÷ 40 mEq) × 20 mL
= 0.75 × 20 mL
= 15 mL
Therefore, The milliliters of potassium chloride do you need to administer the correct dose is 15 mL.
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See option below
How many milliliters of potassium chloride do you need to administer the correct dose?
10 mL
15 mL
20 mL
50 mL
A 20-year-old african-american female presented to the emergency room with complaints of malaise, myalgia, chills, sore throat, fever, photophobia, diarrhea, neck stiffness, headache, chest pain, and "bruise on leg." the patient was in her usual state of health until the day prior to presentation.
Answer:
Is this a question if it, is it sound like she got money pox
Explanation:
Answer: DVT
Explanation: Deep Vein Thrombosis sounds like the most likely answer. The only reason I say this is because the bruise on the leg doesn't fit other medical conditions that I would know of. DVT will cause the leg to swell and other areas of pain in the body will occur. Because of improper blood flow fever is likely. DVT can be very unexpected and symptoms in some cases are not seen until later.
abnormal study with electrophysiologic evidence of bilateral mild saensorimotor demyelinating median neuropathy at the wrist
Neuropathies involving demyelination can be chronic, subacute, or abrupt. They exhibit delayed nerve conduction velocities, diminished reflexes, weakness, and discriminative sensory loss.
Among the etiologies are autoimmune mechanisms, hereditary factors, poisons, and infections. Both acute and chronic demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathies are characterized by cerebral spinal fluid investigations that show an increased protein without a cellular response.
More accurate diagnoses are now achievable thanks to developments in genetics and immunology. Immune modifying treatments are used to treat autoimmune neuropathies. Steroids, intravenous immunoglobulins, plasma exchange, and immunosuppressive drugs may all be used in this situation. The inherited neuropathies are still without effective treatments.
Less frequently occurring now are the infectious causes of demyelinating neuropathies, such as leprosy and diphtheria. The diagnosis of demyelinating neuropathies still heavily weighs toxicity exposure.
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comparative study of combination therapy with non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs and different doses of low level laser therapy in acute low back pain.
In patients with acute low back pain, laser therapy combined with medication therapy was a more effective way to reduce pain and impairment than medication therapy alone, however the evidence for this conclusion is still insufficient.
65 patients were randomly divided into four groups for the current randomized, placebo-controlled investigation. Patients received only pharmacological therapy in group 1 (N = 20) and laser therapy (3 J/cm 2) in group 2 (N = 15) in addition to receiving medication.
A comparable treatment regimen to that of group 2 was administered to group 3 (N = 15), but the laser dose was 6 J/cm 2. Finally, group 4 (N = 15) received both medication therapy and a placebo laser treatment.
Using a visual analogue scale and the Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire, pain levels were compared between the groups. Significant differences were found between baseline pain scores and those from the first, second, third, and fourth weeks of laser therapy in all intervention groups.
Additionally, the outcomes of the intergroup analyses demonstrated a substantial distinction between group 1 and groups 2 and 3. After laser therapy, there was a significant ODI difference between the groups.
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