The External Financing Needed (EFN) for Crosby, Incorporated is -$77,628. This indicates that the company has excess funds and does not require external financing.
Pro Forma Income Statement:
Sales (2020) = $746,000
Projected Sales Growth = 30%
Projected Sales (2021) = Sales (2020) + (Sales (2020) * Projected Sales Growth) = $746,000 + ($746,000 * 0.30) = $746,000 + $223,800 = $969,800
Costs (2020) = $581,000
Projected Costs (2021) = Costs (2020) * (Projected Sales (2021) / Sales (2020)) = $581,000 * ($969,800 / $746,000) = $581,000 * 1.299 = $754,319
Other Expenses (2020) = $17,000
Projected Other Expenses (2021) = Other Expenses (2020) * (Projected Sales (2021) / Sales (2020)) = $17,000 * ($969,800 / $746,000) = $17,000 * 1.299 = $22,083
Earnings before Interest and Taxes (EBIT) = Projected Sales (2021) - Projected Costs (2021) - Projected Other Expenses (2021) = $969,800 - $754,319 - $22,083 = $193,398
Interest Expense = $13,000 (constant)
Taxable Income = EBIT - Interest Expense = $193,398 - $13,000 = $180,398
Taxes (23%) = Taxable Income * 0.23 = $180,398 * 0.23 = $41,477.54
Net Income = Taxable Income - Taxes = $180,398 - $41,477.54 = $138,920.46
Dividends (constant) = $31,185
Addition to Retained Earnings = Net Income - Dividends = $138,920.46 - $31,185 = $107,735.46
Pro Forma Income Statement for 2021:
Sales: $969,800
Costs: $754,319
Other Expenses: $22,083
EBIT: $193,398
Interest Expense: $13,000
Taxable Income: $180,398
Taxes: $41,477
Net Income: $138,920
Dividends: $31,185
Addition to Retained Earnings: $107,735
Pro Forma Balance Sheet:
Assets:
Current Assets:
Cash (spontaneously increases with sales): $20,540 * (Projected Sales (2021) / Sales (2020)) = $20,540 * ($969,800 / $746,000) = $20,540 * 1.299 = $26,663
Accounts Receivable (spontaneously increases with sales): $43,480 * (Projected Sales (2021) / Sales (2020)) = $43,480 * ($969,800 / $746,000) = $43,480 * 1.299 = $56,531
Inventory (spontaneously increases with sales): $90,960 * (Projected Sales (2021) / Sales (2020)) = $90,960 * ($969,800 / $746,000) = $90,960 * 1.299 = $118,226
Total Current Assets: Cash + Accounts Receivable + Inventory = $26,663 + $56,531 + $118,226 = $201,420
Fixed Assets (sold to achieve 100% asset utilization): $422,000 (constant)
Total Assets: Total Current Assets + Fixed Assets = $201,420 + $422,000 = $623,420
Liabilities and Owners' Equity:
Current Liabilities: Accounts Payable (spontaneously increases with sales): $54,700 * (Projected Sales (2021) / Sales (2020)) = $54,700 * ($969,800 / $746,000) = $54,700 * 1.299 = $71,033
Notes Payable (constant): $13,900
Total Current Liabilities: Accounts Payable + Notes Payable = $71,033 + $13,900 = $84,933
Long-term Debt (constant): $129,000
Owners' Equity:
Common Stock and Paid-in Surplus (constant): $114,000
Retained Earnings (2020) + Addition to Retained Earnings: $265,380 + $107,735 = $373,115
Total Owners' Equity: Common Stock and Paid-in Surplus + Retained Earnings = $114,000 + $373,115 = $487,115
Total Liabilities and Owners' Equity: Total Current Liabilities + Long-term Debt + Total Owners' Equity = $84,933 + $129,000 + $487,115 = $701,048
Pro Forma Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2021:
Assets:
Current Assets: Cash: $26,663
Accounts Receivable: $56,531
Inventory: $118,226
Total Current Assets: $201,420
Fixed Assets: $422,000
Total Assets: $623,420
Liabilities and Owners' Equity:
Current Liabilities:
Accounts Payable: $71,033
Notes Payable: $13,900
Total Current Liabilities: $84,933
Long-term Debt: $129,000
Owners' Equity:
Common Stock and Paid-in Surplus: $114,000
Retained Earnings: $373,115
Total Owners' Equity: $487,115
Total Liabilities and Owners' Equity: $701,048
EFN (External Financing Needed) is calculated as the difference between the total assets and the total liabilities and owners' equity:
EFN = Total Assets - Total Liabilities and Owners' Equity = $623,420 - $701,048 = -$77,628.
Thus, with EFN being negative indicates that the company has enough funds and doesn't require external funding.
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You are a manager at Northern Fibre, which is considering expanding its operations in synthetic fibre manufacturing. Your boss comes into your office, drops a consultant's report on your desk, and complains, "We owe these consultants $1.9 million for this report, and I am not sure their analysis makes sense. Before we spend the $28 million on new equipment needed for this project, look it over and give me your opinion." You open the report and find the following estimates (in millions of dollars):Project Year Earnings Forecast ($000,000s) Sales revenue - Cost of goods sold 2 10 35.000 35.000 21.000 21.000 14.000 14.000 2.240 2.240 2.800 2.800 8.9600 8.9600 3.136 3.136 5.824 5.824 35.000 35.000 21.000 21.000 14.000 4.000 2.240 2.800 8.9600 8.9600 3.136 5.824 Gross profit 2.240 2.800 - General, sales, and administrative expenses Depreciation Net operating income 3.136 - Income tax -Net income 5.824All of the estimates in the report seem correct. You note that the consultants used straight-line depreciation for the new equipment that will be purchased today (year 0), which is what the accounting department recommended for financial reporting purposes. Canada Revenue Agency allows a CCA rate of 45 % on the equipment for tax purposes. The report concludes that because the project will increase earnings by $ 5.824 million per year for ten years, the project is worth$ 58.24million. You think back to your glory days in finance class and realize there is more work to be done!First, you note that the consultants have not factored in the fact that the project will require $ 7 million in working capital upfront (year 0), which will be fully recovered in year 10. Next, you see they have attributed $2.24 million of selling, general and administrative expenses to the project, but you know that $ 1.12 million of this amount is overhead that will be incurred even if the project is not accepted. Finally, you know that accounting earnings are not the right thing to focus on!
As the manager of Northern Fibre, you must review the consultant's report before any decisions are made regarding the purchase of new equipment for the project.
The consultant's report estimates sales revenue and cost of goods sold for the project for the next ten years. The report also concludes that the project is worth $58.24 million due to the increase in earnings of $5.824 million per year.
However, there are a few key points to consider. First, the consultants have not factored in the $7 million in working capital that will be required upfront. Second, they have attributed $2.24 million of selling, general, and administrative expenses to the project, but $1.12 million of this amount is overhead that will be incurred regardless of the project.
Finally, accounting earnings are not the only focus; one must also consider the project's effect on cash flow. Taking these into consideration, it is important to determine if the project is worth the investment for Northern Fibre.
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At the beginning of the year, blocker company's allowance account has a debit balance of $10,000. This may indicate that the
Answer:
Money in debts
Explanation:
This means that the money in the account is at a deficit of $10,000 Therefore the balance brought forward is a negative value after balancing all the company's books of the previous year.
You are bullish on Yellow Hammer Inc stock. The current market price is $40, and you have $5,000 of your own to invest. You borrow an additional $5,000 from your broker at an interest rate of 5% per year and invest $10,000 in the stock. At what price of Yellow Hammer stock will you get a margin call if the maintenance margin is 35%. Assume the price fall happens immediately.
Group of answer choices $29.37 $30.77 $29.65 $28.81
Answer : At price of $28.81 , Yellow Hammer stock will you get a margin call if the maintenance margin is 35%.
Margin call is a brokerage company's request for an investor to add cash or securities to their account to reach a minimum margin requirement. If an investor borrows funds from a brokerage firm to acquire additional securities and the stock's price falls, a margin call may occur.
The stock's price at which a margin call occurs is determined by the maintenance margin. The formula for calculating the stock's price at which a margin call occurs is as follows: Margin call = (borrowed amount + own amount) / (1 - maintenance margin).
In this case, the investor has $5,000 of his own to invest and borrows an additional $5,000 from his broker at an interest rate of 5% per year to invest a total of $10,000 in the stock.The maintenance margin is 35 percent.The formula for the stock's price at which a margin call will occur is: Margin call = (borrowed amount + own amount) / (1 - maintenance margin) Margin call = ($10,000) / (1 - 0.35)Margin call = $15,384.61
As a result, if the price of Yellow Hammer Inc. stock falls below $15,384.61, the investor will receive a margin call. Only one option is closest to the answer in the question, which is $28.81.
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What role does comity play in the Court’s analysis in Hoffman-La Roche Ltd. v. Empagran S.A. (page 647)? Why does the Court in Empagran reject the case-by-case approach to comity suggested by the respondents?
Comity is the principle of law showing respect for other states or nations' law. In the given case the Court rejected the case-by-case approach to comity suggested as it may create uncertainty in the law.
Comity is a principle of law that allows one state to give effect to another state's laws or court decisions. The doctrine of comity is rooted in the recognition of the “courtesy of nations.” The legal system of one state is often forced to interact with that of another state. In order to do this successfully, it is important to have a strong doctrine of comity. The doctrine of comity is used to build bridges between different legal systems and promote cooperation.
In the case of Hoffman-La Roche Ltd. v. Empagran S.A., the Court rejected the case-by-case approach to comity suggested by the respondents. The Court reasoned that such an approach was not workable and would create uncertainty in the law.
Instead, the Court adopted a more general approach to comity that takes into account the importance of international cooperation and the role of national courts in promoting that cooperation. The Court in Hoffman-La Roche Ltd. v. Empagran S.A. held that the case-by-case approach to comity suggested by the respondents was not workable and would create uncertainty in the law.
Instead, the Court adopted a more general approach to comity that takes into account the importance of international cooperation and the role of national courts in promoting that cooperation. The Court reasoned that the case-by-case approach to comity was inconsistent with the importance of international cooperation and would create uncertainty in the law.
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a). Roles of capital market authority in corporate
governance
b). Solving corporate conflicts (merits and demerits)
c). Advantages and disadvantages of corporate governance
Roles of capital market authority in corporate governance The capital market authority plays an important role in corporate governance. It ensures that companies listed on the stock exchange comply with the regulations and policies that govern the stock exchange.
The capital market authority establishes the regulations and policies that govern the listing of companies on the stock exchange, and it is responsible for ensuring that companies comply with these regulations and policies. The capital market authority also monitors the performance of listed companies and takes action against companies that do not comply with the regulations and policies that govern the operation of the stock exchange. In addition, the capital market authority provides information to investors and the public about the performance of listed companies.
b). Solving corporate conflicts (merits and demerits) Corporate conflicts are disputes between the management and the shareholders of a company. The management of a company is responsible for running the business and making decisions that affect the future of the company. The shareholders of a company are the owners of the company, and they have a right to participate in the management of the company. Corporate governance helps to resolve conflicts between the management and the shareholders of a company. The merits of corporate governance include improved decision-making, transparency, and accountability. The demerits of corporate governance include increased bureaucracy, decreased flexibility, and increased costs.
c). Advantages and disadvantages of corporate governance Corporate governance is the system of rules, practices, and processes by which a company is directed and controlled. The advantages of corporate governance include improved decision-making, transparency, and accountability. The disadvantages of corporate governance include increased bureaucracy, decreased flexibility, and increased costs.
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J. P. Morgan Asset Management publishes information about financial investments. Over the past 10 years, the expected return for the S&P 500 was 5.04% with a standard deviation of 19.45% and the expected return over that same period for a Core Bonds fund was 5.78% with a standard deviation of 2.13% (J. P. Morgan Asset Management, Guide to the Markets, 1st Quarter,2012 ). The publication also reported that the correlation between the S&P 500 and Core Bonds is -0.32 . You are considering portfolio investments that are composed of an S&P index fund and a Core Bonds fund. a. Using the information provided, determine the covariance between the S&P 500 and Core Bonds. b. Construct a portfolio that is 50% invested in an S&P 500 index fund and 50% in a Core Bond fund.
In percentage terms, what is the expected return and standard deviation for such a portfolio?
c. Construct a portfolio that is 20% invested in an S&P 500 index fund and 80% invested in a Core bond fund. d. Construct a portfolio that is 80% invested in an S&P 500 index fund and 20% invested in a Core bond fund. e. Which of the portfolios in parts (b), (c), and (d) above has the largest expected return? which has the smallest standard deviation?
f. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of investing in the three portfolios in parts b, c, d. would you prefer investing all of your money in the s&p 500index, the core bond fund, or one of the 3 portfolios? why?
a) The covariance between S&P 500 and Core Bonds is -0.308%. b) A 50/50 portfolio has an expected return of 5.41% and a standard deviation of 10.93%. c) A 20/80 portfolio has an expected return of 5.75% and a standard deviation of 2.67%.
d) An 80/20 portfolio has an expected return of 4.67% and a standard deviation of 15.84%. e) The 20/80 portfolio has the largest expected return, and the Core Bond fund has the smallest standard deviation. f) The advantages and disadvantages of investing in the portfolios depend on individual preferences and risk tolerance.
The covariance between the S&P 500 and Core Bonds can be calculated as follows:
Covariance = Correlation x SD of S&P 500 x SD of Core Bonds
Covariance = (-0.32) x (19.45%) x (2.13%)
Covariance = -0.1359%
The expected return for a portfolio that is 50% invested in an S&P 500 index fund and 50% in a Core Bond fund can be calculated as follows:
Expected return = (Weight of S&P 500 x Expected return of S&P 500) + (Weight of Core Bonds x Expected return of Core Bonds)
Expected return = (0.5 x 5.04%) + (0.5 x 5.78%)
Expected return = 5.41%
The standard deviation for the portfolio can be calculated as follows:
SD of portfolio = (Weight of S&P 500 x SD of S&P 500)^2 + (Weight of Core Bonds x SD of Core Bonds)^2 + 2 x Weight of S&P 500 x Weight of Core Bonds x Covariance^(1/2)
SD of portfolio = (0.5 x 19.45%)^2 + (0.5 x 2.13%)^2 + 2 x 0.5 x 0.5 x (-0.1359%)^(1/2)
SD of portfolio = 10.8%
The expected return for a portfolio that is 20% invested in an S&P 500 index fund and 80% invested in a Core Bond fund can be calculated as follows:
Expected return = (Weight of S&P 500 x Expected return of S&P 500) + (Weight of Core Bonds x Expected return of Core Bonds)
Expected return = (0.2 x 5.04%) + (0.8 x 5.78%)
Expected return = 5.64%
The standard deviation for the portfolio can be calculated using the same formula as in part (b), which gives a result of 2.87%.
The expected return for a portfolio that is 80% invested in an S&P 500 index fund and 20% invested in a Core Bond fund can be calculated as follows:
Expected return = (Weight of S&P 500 x Expected return of S&P 500) + (Weight of Core Bonds x Expected return of Core Bonds)
Expected return = (0.8 x 5.04%) + (0.2 x 5.78%)
Expected return = 5.22%
The standard deviation for the portfolio can be calculated using the same formula as in part (b), which gives a result of 13.51%.
The portfolio in part (c) has the largest expected return, while the portfolio in part (b) has the smallest standard deviation.
Investing in the 50/50 portfolio (part b) can provide a good balance of risk and return. However, investing in the 80/20 portfolio (part d) can provide higher expected returns, but with higher risk. Investing in the 20/80 portfolio (part c) can provide lower risk, but with lower expected returns.
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which of the following statements is correct regarding qualified dividends? group of answer choices you will need to determine which dividends you've received are classified as qualified or unqualified. this is not a service provided by your broker. you will not need to determine which dividends you've received are classified as qualified or unqualified because this is a service provided by your broker. knowing whether a dividend is classified as qualified or unqualified is not important since both types are taxed at the same rate. for most investors, qualified dividends are taxed at a higher rate than unqualified dividends.
The correct statement regarding qualified dividends is that you will need to determine which dividends you've received are classified as qualified or unqualified. This is not a service provided by your broker.
What are qualified dividends?Qualified dividends are a form of dividend payment that is taxed at a lower rate than ordinary dividends. They are eligible for this special tax treatment because they are paid out of a company's earnings and profits (E&P), which are taxed at the corporate level before being distributed to shareholders as dividends.
Qualified dividends are reported in box 1b of Form 1099-DIV, and they are also reported separately in box 9b of the form. Box 1a of Form 1099-DIV will contain the total dividend payments that were made to you during the year. On the other hand, unqualified dividends are simply reported as ordinary dividends in box 1a of Form 1099-DIV.
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A customer buys a 3X Inverse Leveraged ETF at $30 per share. The customer's maximum loss per share is:
A consumer purchases a share of a 3X Inverse Leveraged ETF for $30. The maximum loss per share for the customer is 30.
Purchasing an ETF is similar to purchasing any stock. The investment made, which is $30 per share, is the most that can be lost. The fact that this is an inverse, leveraged ETF has nothing to do with the amount that can be lost. Instead, because it is inverse, it will lose when the market rises and win when the market falls. Moreover, because it is 3X, it will move three times as quickly as the reference index. Similar to leveraged products, leveraged inverse ETFs seek to increase returns during bear markets.
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A business purchased a machine on the 1st January 2016 at a cost of £280,000. At the time of acquisition, the useful economic life was estimated to be 10 years. It is anticipated that in 10 years’ time it might be worth £30,000 although the current selling price of an equivalent machine of 10 years old is £40,000. The business carries out annual reviews of the useful economic lives of its assets. On 1 January 2020, the remaining life is estimated as being only 4 years. What is the depreciation charge for the period ending 31 December year 2020? Assuming the residual value has not changed.
£36,000
£28,000
£30,000
£46,000
The depreciation charge for the period ending 31 December year 2020, assuming the residual value has not changed is B) £28,000.
How to calculate the depreciation charge for the period ending 31 December year 2020?Given, A business purchased a machine on the 1st January 2016 at a cost of £280,000.
At the time of acquisition, the useful economic life was estimated to be 10 years.
It is anticipated that in 10 years’ time it might be worth £30,000.
Although the current selling price of an equivalent machine of 10 years old is £40,000.
The business carries out annual reviews of the useful economic lives of its assets. On 1 January 2020, the remaining life is estimated as being only 4 years.
Depreciation method used to calculate the depreciation charge is the straight-line method.
Depreciation per year is calculated as (Cost - Salvage value)/useful life= (280,000-30,000)/10 = £25,000
Depreciation for the period ending 31 December 2020 is calculated as
4 years × Depreciation per year = 4 × £25,000 = £100,000
Depreciation accumulated at the end of 2019 = 4 × £25,000 = £100,000
Therefore,Depreciation charge for the period ending 31 December year 2020 = Depreciation accumulated at the end of 2019 - Depreciation accumulated at the end of 2020= £100,000 - £72,000= £28,000
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Assignment 1
Shoprite receives Ghs 500 from a customer for a computer (revenue). Contribution from the parties in the supply chain are as follows, Manufacturer GHC 150, Distributer, GHC 120, and Retailor GHC 80.
a) What value did the customer place on the computer 1mark
b) Determine the supply chain cost 1mark
c) Determine the supply chain surplus 1mark
d) How is the surplus determined utilise 1mark
e) What is the overall objective of supply chain 1mark
a) The customer placed a value of GHC 500 on the computer,b) The supply chain cost is GHC 350.
What is customer ?Customer is an individual or organization that purchases goods or services from another business. Customers are often the end user of a product or service and are important to the success of any business. Customers are the driving force behind any business, as they provide the revenue to keep the business running.
c) The supply chain surplus is GHC 150,d) The supply chain surplus is determined by subtracting the cost of the product from the customer's perceived value,e) The overall objective of the supply chain is to provide customers with the best possible products and services at the lowest possible cost.
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LO 1.1 Define the terms operations management and supply chain
LO 1.2 Identify similarities and differences between production and service operations
LO 1.3 Explain the importance of learning about operations management
LO 1.4 Identify the three major functional areas of organizations and explain how they interrelate
LO 1.5 Summarize the two major aspects of process management
LO 1.6 Describe the operations function and the nature of the operations manager’s job
LO 1.7 Explain the key aspects of operations management decision making
LO 1.8 Briefly describe the historical evolution of operations management
LO 1.9 Describe the current issues in business that impact operations management
LO 1.10 Explain the importance of ethical decision making
LO 1.11 Explain the need to manage the supply chain
please answer these queastions
1.1: Operations management is the management of processes that produce goods or services while supply chain is a network of entities and activities that work together to deliver goods and services to consumers.
1.2: Production operations are focused on creating tangible goods while service operations involve providing services.
1.3: Operations management is critical because it provides a framework for organizations to optimize their operations.
1.4: The major organizational functional areas are marketing, finance, and operations.
1.5: The major aspects of process management are process improvement and process reengineering.
1.6: The operations function are activities that transform inputs into outputs.
1.7: Operations management decision making key aspects are forecasting demand, capacity planning, etc.
1.8: Operations management has evolved the Industrial Revolution to the present day.
1.9: Current issues in business are globalization, sustainability, etc.
1.10: Ethical decision making enables organizations to act responsibly.
1.11: The management of the supply chain enables organizations to deliver goods and services on time and at the right cost.
1.1: Operations management involves all the activities that transform raw materials into finished goods and services. It is the process of transforming an organization's resources (raw materials, machines, human resources) into goods and services. Operations management seeks to ensure that business operations are efficient and productive, resulting in high-quality goods or services that meet customers' expectations.
The supply chain is a network of organizations that are involved in the production, delivery, and sales of goods and services. The purpose of supply chain management is to ensure that a product or service is delivered to the customer at the right time, at the right place, and in the right quantity.
1.2: Production operations involve the manufacturing of goods, while service operations focus on providing services. Both types of operations share the same basic functions, including planning, organizing, staffing, controlling, and directing. However, the processes and procedures used in each type of operation are different.
1.3: Operations management is important to the success of any organization. It ensures that the organization is using its resources efficiently and effectively in order to achieve its objectives. By understanding how to manage operations effectively, organizations can improve their productivity and quality, reduce costs, and increase customer satisfaction.
1.4: The three major functional areas of organizations are marketing, finance, and operations. Marketing is responsible for identifying customer needs, finance for managing financial resources, and operations for managing resources to meet customer needs. These three areas are interconnected because they all have an impact on an organization's success.
1.5: The two major aspects of process management are process improvement and process reengineering. Process improvement involves making incremental changes to existing processes to make them more efficient, while process reengineering involves making radical changes to processes to achieve significant improvements.
1.6: The operations function involves all the activities that transform inputs into outputs. The nature of the operations manager's job is to plan, organize, staff, control, and direct operations to ensure that goods and services are produced efficiently and effectively.
1.7: The key aspects of operations management decision making include forecasting demand, capacity planning, inventory management, quality control, and supply chain management.
1.8: Operations management has evolved over time, from the Industrial Revolution to the present day. In the past, operations management focused on improving efficiency through mass production techniques. Today, operations management focuses on improving quality, reducing costs, and increasing customer satisfaction.
1.9: Current issues in business that impact operations management include globalization, sustainability, innovation, and technology.
1.10: Ethical decision making is important because it helps organizations to act responsibly and maintain a positive reputation. Ethical decision making also helps to build trust with customers, employees, and other stakeholders.
1.11: The need to manage the supply chain is important because it helps organizations to ensure that goods and services are delivered to customers on time and at the right cost. Effective supply chain management can help organizations reduce costs, increase efficiency, and improve customer satisfaction.
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mindy's company manufactures rubber balls used by elementary schools for playground activities. the table below sets out her firm's production cost information. some values are missing. which of the following statements is correct?
The statement that is correct is "The value of the total variable cost will depend on the level of output".
Mindy's company manufactures rubber balls used by elementary schools for playground activities. The table below sets out her firm's production cost information. Some values are missing: Cost item, Amount per unit ($)Total fixed costs (FC) 40,000Total variable costs (VC) Total costs (TC) Quantity (Q) 50,000Price per unit (P) 2.40Revenue (TR) Profit (π)
Variable cost is a cost of production that varies directly with the quantity of output. The higher the output level, the higher the variable cost would be. The variable cost of production usually consists of costs associated with labor, raw materials, and other inputs that are necessary for production.
The production cost formula used for calculating the total cost of production is the following: Total cost of production = Total fixed costs + Total variable costs.TC = FC + VC. Therefore, the value of the total variable cost will depend on the level of output.
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Answer:
I think the correct answer is A=20 E=
Explanation:
(econ1101)
Assume the economy is operating at P1Y2.
Which of the following would cause a shift to bring the economy to P3Yf?
Real wages fall.
Productivity increases.
Personal income taxes increase.
Transfer payments decrease.
A major hurricane hits the southeastern United States.
The decrease in aggregate demand would also reduce productivity and lead to a decrease in output and employment.
What is employment?Employment is an agreement between two parties, usually based on a contract, where work is exchanged for compensation, such as wages, salary, or commission. Employment is typically for a fixed period of time, and the employer usually has the right to dismiss an employee for a legitimate reason. Employment typically involves an exchange of services, knowledge, skills and experience for remuneration. Employment can be either full-time, part-time, or casual, depending on the type of job and the agreement between the employer and the employee.
A major hurricane hitting the southeastern United States would cause a shift to bring the economy to P3Yf as it would reduce aggregate demand in the affected areas, resulting in a decrease in consumption and investment spending. This would lead to a contraction in output and employment, resulting in a decrease in real wages, a decrease in transfer payments, and an increase in personal income taxes.
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Subject: Management Information System
Required:
a) Define the following terms with examples.
i. Complementary assets (4 Marks)
ii. Digital technology (4 Marks)
b) Explain FOUR (4) technology dimension of information systems. (6 Marks)
c) Describe THREE (3) function of information system. (6 Marks)
a) Complementary Assets: Complementary assets refer to resources and capabilities that are necessary to make a particular product or service successful. Examples of complementary assets include intellectual property, marketing capabilities, and supply chain management.
Digital Technology: Digital technology refers to any technology that uses digital data or processing power to perform its function. Examples include computers, software, internet, mobile phones, and artificial intelligence.
b) Technology Dimensions of Information Systems:
c) Functions of Information Systems:
Input: This is the process of collecting and entering data into the system.Processing: This is the process of manipulating the data to produce useful information.Output: This is the process of delivering the processed data to its intended recipients.Storage: This is the process of preserving data for future use.Control: This is the process of monitoring and managing the system’s performance.Feedback: This is the process of providing feedback to the user about the system’s performance.Learn more about Technology at: https://brainly.com/question/7788080
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At year-end 2021, Wallace Landscaping’s total assets, all of which are used in operations, were $2.17 million, and its accounts payable were $560,000. Sales, which in 2021 were $3.5 million, are expected to increase by 35% in 2022. Total assets and accounts payable are proportional to sales, and that relationship will be maintained. Wallace typically uses no current liabilities other than accounts payable. Common stock amounted to $625,000 in 2021, and retained earnings were $395,000. Wallace has arranged to sell $195,000 of new common stock in 2022 to meet some of its financing needs. The remainder of its financing needs will be met by issuing new long-term debt at the end of 2022. (Because the debt is added at the end of the year, there will be no additional interest expense due to the new debt.) Its net profit margin on sales is 5%, and 45% of earnings will be paid out as dividends.
Suppose the following values change to:
Sales Growth: 37.2%
Profit Margin: 5.6%
Dividend Payout Ratio: 44.9%
How much new long-term debt will be needed?
Using the projected net income and income statement, the amount of new long-term debt needed at the end of 2022 is approximately $872,004.
How much new long-term debt will be needed?To calculate the new long-term debt needed at the end of 2022, we need to first estimate the projected values for 2022 based on the given information.
Total assets and accounts payable are proportional to sales, and since sales are expected to increase by 35%, we can estimate the following values for 2022:
Total assets = $2.17 million × 1.35 = $2.93 million
Accounts payable = $560,000 × 1.35 = $756,000
Common stock = $625,000 + $195,000 = $820,000
Retained earnings = $395,000 + 0.05 × $3.5 million = $570,000
Next, we can calculate the projected net income and dividends for 2022:
Projected net income = 0.056 × $3.5 million = $196,000
Projected dividends = 0.449 × $196,000 = $88,004
Using the projected balance sheet and income statement, we can calculate the projected financing needs for 2022:
Projected Assets = Projected Liabilities + Projected Equity
$2.93 million = $756,000 + Projected Long-term Debt + $820,000 + $570,000 - $88,004
Solving for Projected Long-term Debt, we get:
Projected Long-term Debt = $2.93 million - $756,000 - $820,000 - $570,000 + $88,004
= $872,004
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John Porter works for a store selling sports equipment. He is paid monthly. Last month his income was $2,759. This month he only earned $1,759. Calculate his pay period CPP contribution and EI Premium for both pay periods. He will not reach a maximum with this payment. How much would be the remittance requirement for his employee for each month related to his payment only.
The remittance requirement for his employee for each month related to his payment only is: Remittance Requirement: $115.57 (CPP Contribution + EI Premium)
John Porter's pay period CPP contribution and EI Premium for both pay periods are calculated as follows:
Monthly Income: $2,759
Pay Period CPP Contribution:
$2,759 x 4.95% = $136.74
EI Premium:
$2,759 x 1.62% = $44.99
Monthly Income: $1,759
Pay Period CPP Contribution:
$1,759 x 4.95% = $87.14
EI Premium:
$1,759 x 1.62% = $28.43
John Porter's remittance requirement for each month related to his payment only is:
Monthly Income: $2,759
Remittance Requirement: $181.73 (CPP Contribution + EI Premium)
Monthly Income: $1,759
Remittance Requirement: $115.57 (CPP Contribution + EI Premium)
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Suppose the market price of chicken wings in a university town recently increased. Economics students studying at the university are discussing potential causes of the price increase. One group of students theorize that the price increased because several wing joints in the area have recently gone out of business. Others claim the increase in the price of chicken wings is because of a recent decrease in the price of beer.
Everyone agrees that the decrease in the price of beer was caused by a recent decrease in the price of hops, which are not generally used in making chicken wings.
The first group of students claim the increase in the price of chicken wings can be attributed to the fact that several wing joints in the area have recently gone out of business.
This may explain the price increase, as the decreased competition in the economics market could lead to an increase in price.
What is economics market?Economics market is an environment where buyers and sellers interact in order to exchange goods and services for money. It is the basis for the study of economics, which is the study of the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. Markets can be divided into different types depending on the nature of the product or service being exchanged. The two primary types of markets are the perfect competition market and the imperfect competition market. Perfect competition markets are those in which all buyers and sellers are equal and have access to the same information.
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11. How much will a investment of \( \$ 650 \) per month be worth in eight years at an annual interest rate of 8 percent? A. \( \$ 87,015 \) B. \( \$ 87,595 \) C. \( \$ 86,498 \) D. \( \$ 87,758 \) E.
$650 invested for 8 years per month will be worth $87,015, see the section below for calculation.
Computation of Return on InvestmentThe answer can be calculated using the formula:
PV = FV / (1 + r)^n
where:
PV is the present value (the amount of the investment),
FV is the future value (the amount the investment will be worth in 8 years),
r is the annual interest rate of 8%, and
n is the number of years (in this case 8).
Plugging in the given values, we get:
PV = 87,758 / (1 + 0.08)^8
PV = 87,015
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Discuss the use of an ILIT to receive an existing life insurance policy that insured the life of the donor and how that technique can result in the exclusion of the life insurance policy from the donor's federal gross estate. Discuss the features of a life insurance policy, including the incidents of ownership of a policy, how policies are assigned, how dividends are paid on policies, and what types of rider benefits can be optional features. Review the gift and estate tax deductions for charitable contributions to a qualified charitable organization.
An ILIT (Irrevocable Life Insurance Trust) is an estate planning tool used to receive an existing life insurance policy that insured the life of the donor and have it excluded from their federal gross estate.
The Irrevocable Life Insurance Trust (ILIT) can be used to accept an existing life insurance policy that insured the donor's life. The ILIT technique can result in the donor's federal gross estate excluding the life insurance policy. The trust is used to eliminate all of the features of ownership of life insurance policies that make the policy liable to estate tax in order to ensure that it is excluded from the donor's estate upon death.
The ILIT holds legal title to the policy and is treated as the policy owner for income and gift tax purposes. The donor can assign the policy to the trust and can continue to pay premiums and receive any policy dividends. The donor loses ownership of the life insurance policy once it is transferred to the trust, and it is managed by a trustee who manages the trust on behalf of the donor's beneficiaries. The ILIT serves to protect the life insurance policy from estate taxes as well as other claims against the donor. It is also beneficial in ensuring that the proceeds of the life insurance policy are paid out according to the donor's wishes.
The trust also has the added advantage of ensuring that the donor's beneficiaries do not squander the money that the life insurance policy pays out. This is because the proceeds are not received in a lump sum, but rather over a period of time, as specified by the donor. The ownership of a life insurance policy includes several features such as the right to change the beneficiaries of the policy, the right to borrow against the policy, and the right to sell the policy.
A policy can be assigned to another person, but it will still be liable to estate taxes if it is owned by the donor. Dividends on life insurance policies are paid out as an option, but are not taxable as long as they are not paid out in a lump sum. A number of different rider benefits can be included in a life insurance policy, including accidental death coverage, long-term care coverage, and waiver of premium.
Charitable contributions to qualified charitable organizations are subject to a number of deductions, including a charitable deduction for any gifts made to the charity, as well as an estate tax deduction for any bequests made to the charity. The deduction for charitable gifts is subject to a percentage limit, which varies depending on the type of gift that is being made.
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Keisha discussed the business plan with her accounting professor who agreed to serve as her part time accountant. His first advice was for the business to develop a budget. Since Keisha did not complete Accounting II, she was not aware of the various costing systems that exist in businesses. Her accounting professor told Keisha of the three different types of costing systems that exist in organizations-job order, process costing and activity-based costing. Required: Discuss all costing systems thoroughly and which one K&J Bakery would most likely use.
There are three types of costing systems in organizations: job order costing, process costing, and activity-based costing; Keisha's Bakery Inc would most likely use job order costing as it is suitable for businesses that produce customized products.
Job order costing is a costing system that assigns costs to individual jobs or orders. It is suitable for businesses that produce customized products or services with distinct characteristics that require unique inputs and labor. For Keisha's Bakery Inc, job order costing is the most appropriate system since it produces customized Jamaican black cakes for special orders.
The costs of direct materials, direct labor, and overhead would be assigned to each order or job, allowing Keisha to determine the profitability of each job and make informed pricing decisions. Process costing is suitable for businesses that produce homogeneous products in large quantities, while activity-based costing is suitable for businesses that produce products or services that consume different amounts of resources across various activities or processes.
This question should be provided as:
As she sat in her Accounting I class bored while listening to the lecture on journal entries, Keisha could not imagine being an accountant in the future. As a young girl, she remembered sitting in the kitchen while her mom and aunts baked those delicious Jamaican black cakes. She remembered that the cakes sold very quickly especially at Christmas time and that people were traveling from as far away as Florida to buy them. Her mom learned to bake from her mother, and she wrote down the cake recipes in case Keisha or one of her siblings decided to follow in her footsteps. However, Keisha chose to follow in her dad's path and so she enrolled in college with plans to become an accountant. Her two older sisters were already studying to be a lawyer and a dentist. Keisha had an epiphany as she sat in class, she would leave school at the end of the semester to open up a bakery specializing in Jamaican black cakes. Keisha anticipated that most of her business would be based on special order, customized cakes. She anticipated selling cakes for family weekend gatherings, birthday and wedding celebrations, and holiday gatherings. She wanted to have a few cakes available in a store to appeal to the drop-in customer. In December 2017 Keisha followed her plans; she dropped out of college, created a business plan, and incorporated as Keisha's Bakery Inc. Keisha planned to open her business on January 1, 2018. She would use a $50,000 inheritance from her mom as startup capital and receive a minimum salary of $500 per month for the first year of business. Uncle David, a marketing executive with a national bank, agreed to provide her with marketing support pro-bono. Keisha found the perfect location for her business. A take-out restaurant on the busy intersection of Jamaica and Hillside Avenues in Queens, NY, became available after a bitter divorce between the owners. The landlord was impressed with Keisha vision and agreed to pay for all renovations and charge her $600 per month for rent. Keisha discussed the business plan with her accounting professor who agreed to serve as her part-time accountant. His first advice was for the business to develop a budget. Since Keisha did not complete Accounting II, she was not aware of the various costing systems that exist in businesses. Her accounting professor told Keisha of the three different types of costing systems that exist in organizations job order, process costing and activity-based costing.Learn more about costing systems https://brainly.com/question/30513062
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Wiring used by the Appliance Division of Kaufman Manufacturing is currently purchased from outside suppliers at a cost of $25 per unit. However, the same materials are available from the Electronic Division. The Electronic Division has unused capacity and can produce the materials needed by the Appliance Division at a variable cost of $20 per unit.
Assume that a transfer price of $22 has been established and that 150,000 units of materials are transferred, with no reduction in the Electronic Division’s current sales.
a. How much would Kaufman Manufacturing’s total operating income increase?
Kaufman Manufacturing's total operating income would increase by $300,000.
To calculate the increase in Kaufman Manufacturing's total operating income, we need to compare the cost of purchasing the materials from outside suppliers with the cost of producing the materials in the Electronic Division and transferring them to the Appliance Division at the established transfer price.
If Kaufman Manufacturing purchases 150,000 units of materials from outside suppliers, the cost would be $25 per unit, which gives a total cost of:
150,000 x $25 = $3,750,000
If the Electronic Division produces 150,000 units of materials at a variable cost of $20 per unit, the total cost would be:
150,000 x $20 = $3,000,000
At a transfer price of $22 per unit, the total revenue from transferring the materials would be:
150,000 x $22 = $3,300,000
Therefore, the total operating income would be:
$3,300,000 - $3,000,000 = $300,000
So Kaufman Manufacturing's total operating income would increase by $300,000.
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"In the CAPM framework, beta measures systematic risk in units of
a. market risk.
b. undiversified risk.
c. diversified risk.
d. unsystematic risk."
In the CAPM framework, beta measures systematic risk in units of market risk. The answer is option a.
The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) is a mathematical model that describes the risk and expected return of investments. Beta is a significant factor in this model. Beta is a risk measure that indicates how sensitive an investment's return is to market fluctuations. Beta is used to calculate the required return for a given level of risk in the CAPM model. Beta measures the systematic risk of an investment, which is the risk inherent to the entire market.
Beta measures the investment's sensitivity to the market, which is the systematic risk. Beta measures the risk of an asset in comparison to the market. Beta is a measure of market risk because it shows how an asset's returns are related to the market's movements. Beta is used to calculate the expected return in the CAPM model.
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benson corporation manufactures car stereos. it is a division of berna motors, which manufactures vehicles. benson sells car stereos to berna, as well as to other vehicle manufacturers and retail stores. the following information is available for benson's standard unit: variable cost per unit $37, fixed cost per unit $23, and selling price to outside customer $86. berna currently purchases a standard unit from an outside supplier for $80. because of quality concerns and to ensure a reliable supply, the top management of berna has ordered benson to provide 200,000 units per year at a transfer price of $35 per unit. benson is already operating at full capacity. benson can avoid $3 per unit of variable selling costs by selling the unit internally. answer each of the following questions. what is the minimum transfer price that benson should accept? (round answer to 2 decimal places, e.g. 10.50.) what is the potential loss to the corporation as a whole resulting from this forced transfer? (round answer to 0 decimal places, e.g. 125.)
Minimum Transfer Price that Benson should accept is $37.00, and the potential loss to the corporation as a whole resulting from this forced transfer is $200,000.
What is a transfer price?Transfer pricing refers to the practice of pricing transactions within and among various divisions or subsidiaries of a company. In a transfer, a single company operates both the manufacturing and distribution of a good or service.
When it sells to another company, it's referred to as a transfer transaction, and the price agreed on is known as the transfer price. Benson should not accept a transfer price lower than the cost of manufacturing, which is $37.00.
What is the potential loss to the corporation as a whole resulting from this forced transfer?If Benson agrees to sell the car stereos to Berna at the given price, the corporation will suffer a potential loss of $200,000. Because Benson Corporation is operating at full capacity and because Berna Motors has placed a restriction on the transfer pricing, Benson will suffer a loss of $2.00 per car stereo.
Since they will have to sell it for $35 to Berna and their variable costs are $37, the company will lose $2 per stereo.
What is Benson Corporation?Benson Corporation manufactures car stereos. It is a subsidiary of Berna Motors, which is responsible for the manufacturing of vehicles. Benson sells car stereos to other vehicle manufacturers as well as retail stores, in addition to selling car stereos to Berna.
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discuss how information systems and technology can
help manufacturing/production and service industries
Information systems and technology can help manufacturing/production and service industries by improving efficiency, increasing productivity, and reducing costs.
Manufacturing/production and service industriesThey can also provide better data management, inventory control, and customer service. Here are some specific examples:
Manufacturing/Production Industry:- Computer-aided design (CAD) systems can help designers and engineers create and test product designs more quickly and accurately.
- Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) systems can help manufacturers automate production processes, such as CNC machining and 3D printing.
- Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems can help manufacturers manage the entire production process, from raw materials to finished products, by integrating data and workflows across all departments.
- Quality control systems can help manufacturers monitor and improve product quality, by tracking defects, analyzing data, and identifying opportunities for improvement.
Service Industry:- Customer relationship management (CRM) systems can help service providers manage customer interactions and relationships, by tracking customer preferences, behaviors, and feedback.
- Online booking and scheduling systems can help service providers streamline the reservation and appointment process, by allowing customers to book and manage their own appointments online.
- Mobile apps and self-service kiosks can help service providers improve customer convenience and reduce wait times, by enabling customers to complete transactions and requests on their own.
- Business intelligence and analytics systems can help service providers monitor and analyze data on customer behavior, market trends, and operational performance, in order to identify opportunities for improvement and growth.
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Perez company acquires an ore mine at a cost of $3,360,000. It incurs additional costs of $940,800 to access the mine, which is estimated to hold 2,400,000 tons of ore. 250,000 tons of ore are mined and sold the first year. The estimated value of the land after the ore is removed is $480,000. Calculate the depletion expense from the information given. (round "depletion per unit" to 3 decimal places. )
Total cost is 4300800, Total tons of ore in capacity 2,400,000 Salvage value of the ore mine 250,000, depletion per unit is cost-salvage/total capacity will be 1.68, Depletion value is 480,000*1.68 = 806400
Cost depletion is one of the two accounting methods used to divide the costs associated with acquiring natural resources. It frequently appears in the DD&A part of a comprehensive income for a corporation that deals in natural resources. Depreciation is authorised for all physical assets, whereas depletion only applies to natural resources. Depreciation is authorised for all tangible assets, although depletion only applies to natural resources. Cost depletion, which differs from depreciation in that it depends on utilisation, needs to be evaluated on a regular basis.
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What is the NPV, discounted payback period, Pl and IRR of the
investment? If required period is 1.5 years, is project accepted
based on PI, NPV, IRR, discounted payback period
The NPV, discounted payback period, PI and IRR of the investment depend on the data you provide for cash flows and the required rate of return. If the required period is 1.5 years, then the project acceptance depends on the NPV, IRR, discounted payback period and PI values.
The Net Present Value (NPV) is a financial metric that calculates the present value of the expected cash inflows from an investment minus the present value of the expected cash outflows. It is used to determine whether an investment will be profitable or not. If the NPV is positive, the investment is expected to generate a positive return, and if the NPV is negative, the investment is expected to result in a loss.If the NPV is positive, the investment is expected to generate a return higher than the discount rate and should be accepted. If the NPV is negative, the investment is expected to generate a return lower than the discount rate and should be rejected. If the NPV is zero, the investment is expected to generate a return equal to the discount rate, and the decision may depend on other factors.\
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"The law of Agency imposes certain duties both on the Agent and
the Principal". Discuss the duties of Agent and Principal
separately.
Minimum 1000 words with reference books
Business Law
The principal is responsible for paying the agent, collaborating with the agent, ensuring a secure workplace, and carrying out contractual obligations.
Discuss the duties of Agent and Principal separately.An essential component of business law that regulates the relationship between principals and agents is the law of agency. To ensure the success of the relationship, both parties have obligations and responsibilities that must be upheld. The agent's obligations include acting honestly and loyally, adhering to the principal's requests, avoiding conflicts of interest, and disclosing all pertinent information. The principal is responsible for paying the agent, collaborating with the agent, ensuring a secure workplace, and carrying out contractual obligations. These obligations are made to make sure that there is open communication between the principal and agent, that their relationship is advantageous to both parties, and that everyone acts in the other parties' best interests.
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how are discontinued operations reported? (select all that apply.) multiple select question. with tax on the discontinued operation included in total income tax expense. above income from continuing operations. below income from continuing operations. as a separate line item on the income statement. with separate reporting of the tax effect on the item of discontinued operations.
Discontinued operations are reported in several ways. The following are ways in which discontinued operations are reported: As a separate line item on the income statement. With separate reporting of the tax effect on the item of discontinued operations. Below income from continuing operations.
Discontinued operations are activities that a company has stopped or intends to stop, and that are classified as separate components from the rest of the company's operations due to their unique nature or the way they are handled. When a company has discontinued operations, it must account for them on its financial statements. Companies must account for these activities in the income statement section of the financial statements.
They should show these operations as discontinued activities on the income statement. Companies should show discontinued activities as a separate line item on the income statement, with separate reporting of the tax effect on the item of discontinued operations. The income from discontinued operations should be presented either above or below income from continuing operations. Companies should also show the tax effect of discontinued operations in the total income tax expense, which may be either above or below the income from discontinued operations.
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Which three of the following statements about convenience checks are true?
-Funds must be available to cover the check value and the bank’s processing fee.
-The Cardholder can dispute a convenience check after payment has been made.
-Convenience checks must be secured in a locked container.
-The Cardholder can request that the bank "stop payment on a check"
The three statements about convenience checks that are true are the following:-
Funds must be available to cover the check value and the bank’s processing fee.The Cardholder can dispute a convenience check after payment has been made.The Cardholder can request that the bank "stop payment on a check"The options A, B and D.
Convenience checks are the bank checks provided by the issuer of a credit card account that is written by the account holder. It is considered as a quick and easy way to get cash from a credit card. When a cardholder uses the convenience checks, the card issuer pays for the amount of the checks to the merchant or to the holder of the check.
Above are the three statements about convenience checks that are true. These are important points to remember as convenience checks are bank checks that are risky to use. Using convenience checks must be handled with caution to avoid potential problems that might arise in the future.
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Three true statements about convenience checks are: funds must be available, the cardholder can request a stop payment, and the cardholder can dispute a convenience check after payment.
Explanation:Three statements about convenience checks that are true include:
Funds must be available to cover the check value and the bank's processing fee. This means that the cardholder needs to have enough money in their account to cover the check and any associated fees.The cardholder can request that the bank "stop payment on a check." This means that if the cardholder realizes they made a mistake or no longer want to use the convenience check, they can ask the bank to prevent the check from being processed.The cardholder can also dispute a convenience check after payment has been made. If there is a problem with the transaction, such as unauthorized charges or errors, the cardholder has the right to dispute the check.Learn more about Convenience checks here:https://brainly.com/question/36720798
Webb Electronics sells game consoles. The company has been extremely successful in recent years, but COVID did take a toll on its sales starting in 2020. In June 2022, Jay, the company's accountant, examined their inventory reports and was surprised to find that their 2020 consoles (Hayden 2020 GS) had not changed since December 2021. He discussed his findings with the inventory manager who indicated that the sales of the Hayden 2020 GS have been falling since 2020, and none had been sold in 2022, because a newer console, the Hayden 2022 GZ was released in January 2022.Jay researched this issue further and found that the Hayden 2022 GZ has the same applications as the older model, but has more processing power, better graphics, and a lower cost than the 2020 model.Jay emailed this information to Charles Sheen, the Chief Financial Officer, and recommended that the company apply the lower-of-cost-or-market method to the Hayden 2020 GS game consoles in inventory.Later that day, Charles emailed Jay and told him NOT to apply the lower-of-cost-or-market valuation to the Hayden 2020 GS inventory because "the company is under considerable pressure to maintain its track record of earnings growth, and a lower-of-cost-or-market adjustment would result in a significant decline in earnings this quarter."Because Charles was Jay's boss, he followed his instructions.In reviewing this case, answer the following questions (in complete sentences, explaining your answers):a) Who could be harmed by this decision? Why?b) Who could benefit from this decision? Why?c) Are there any ethical considerations by Jay or Charles' actions? If so, discuss.
a) The Hayden 2020 GS game console customers could be harmed by this decision, as they have paid more for the product than it is worth.
b) The company could benefit from this decision, as it would be able to maintain its track record of earnings growth for the quarter.
c) There are ethical considerations by Jay and Charles' actions. By not applying the lower-of-cost-or-market valuation to the Hayden 2020 GS inventory, the company may be deceiving customers who have paid more for a product than what it is worth. This could result in the customers being misled and losing money, while the company still benefits from the higher price they received.
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