the lack of funds to operate a business normally is called

Based on current research, video modeling can be an effective method for teaching specific skills in basketball.

Video modeling involves using recorded videos of skilled players performing the desired basketball skills. The coach can use these videos to demonstrate to their players how the skill should be performed and provide visual cues for the correct technique.

Studies have shown that video modeling can improve the accuracy and speed of skill acquisition in basketball players, especially for complex skills like shooting and dribbling. It can also enhance the players' self-efficacy and confidence in their abilities.

Therefore, it is advisable for the basketball coach to incorporate video modeling into their training sessions to improve the effectiveness of their skill teaching. However, it is important to note that video modeling should not be the only method used for teaching skills, and it should be used in conjunction with other instructional methods like practice drills and feedback from the coach.

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The Military Lending Act (MLA) provides protections for active-duty servicemembers and their dependents by placing certain restrictions on specific types of loans.

Payday loans: The MLA sets a cap on the interest rate that can be charged on payday loans, auto title loans, and tax refund anticipation loans. Lenders cannot charge more than a 36% Military Annual Percentage Rate (MAPR) on these types of loans, which includes interest, fees, and certain additional charges.

Deposit advance loans: The MLA extends its coverage to deposit advance loans, which are short-term loans offered by some banks. Similar to payday loans, the interest rate on these loans is capped at 36% MAPR.

Vehicle title loans: The military lending act applies to vehicle title loans, which are loans where the borrower uses their vehicle title as collateral. Lenders are restricted from charging more than a 36% MAPR on these loans.

Tax refund anticipation loans: These loans are covered under the MLA, and lenders are prohibited from charging more than 36% MAPR.

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True, random discounting means discounting various products on a systematic basis.

Random discounting, also known as content loaded random discounting, is a pricing strategy where different products receive varying discounts at specific intervals. This method aims to encourage customer interest and drive sales by creating an element of surprise and excitement around the deals.

Products on a systematic basis refer to a planned and organized approach to applying discounts to various items. Retailers or online platforms may use algorithms or predetermined schedules to determine when and how much to discount each product. This organized approach ensures that the discounts are strategically distributed to maximize their impact on sales and customer engagement.

In summary, content loaded random discounting is a pricing strategy that involves discounting various products on a systematic basis. This approach creates an element of surprise for customers while maintaining an organized method for retailers to boost sales and customer engagement.

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The answer is - B. No, the vehicles have no natural pairing.

Paired t-tests are used when there is a natural pairing between the data points, such as before and after measurements or matched pairs.

In this case, there is no natural pairing between cars and trucks. They are two different types of vehicles and cannot be paired with each other.

Therefore, it would not be appropriate to use paired t-methods to compare the fuel efficiency of cars and trucks. Instead, an independent t-test could be used to compare the means of the two groups.

Hence, option b. is correct.

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There are generally two acceptable approaches for changes in accounting principles: retrospective application and modified retrospective application. The correct option is B.

Retrospective application involves adjusting prior period financial statements to reflect the new accounting principle. This approach requires restating prior period financial statements to provide a comparative analysis with the current period financial statements. The advantage of this approach is that it provides a more accurate picture of the company's financial position and performance over time. However, it can be time-consuming and costly to implement.

Modified retrospective application, on the other hand, only requires the adjustment of the current period financial statements to reflect the new accounting principle. Prior period financial statements are not restated, but disclosures are provided to explain the impact of the change on prior periods. This approach is less time-consuming and costly than retrospective application but may not provide as accurate of a picture of the company's financial position and performance over time.

In summary, there are two acceptable approaches for changes in accounting principles: retrospective application and modified retrospective application. The approach chosen by a company will depend on various factors, including the complexity of the change, the impact on prior period financial statements, and the cost and time required for implementation.

Hence, the correct option is B.

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When auditing related party transactions, an auditor primarily focuses on identifying these transactions, ensuring adequate disclosure, and confirming proper authorization.

When auditing related party transactions, an auditor places primary emphasis on evaluating the adequacy of the identification, disclosure, and authorization of these transactions.

1. Identification: The auditor reviews the company's records and procedures to ensure all related party transactions are accurately identified.

This involves examining financial statements, contracts, and agreements for evidence of such transactions.

2. Disclosure: The auditor evaluates whether the company has adequately disclosed all relevant information about the related party transactions in its financial statements, including the nature, terms, and amounts involved.

This ensures transparency and enables users of the financial statements to make informed decisions.

3. Authorization: The auditor assesses whether the company's management and board of directors have appropriately authorized the related party transactions, in accordance with company policies and applicable regulations.

This ensures that the transactions are legitimate and in the best interests of the company and its stakeholders.

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The statement "Managers often do a poor job of identifying potential competitors" can be considered false because they are typically responsible for conducting competitive analysis and identifying potential competitors as part of their strategic planning process.

While it is possible for managers to overlook certain competitors or underestimate the competitive landscape, it is not accurate to say that they often do a poor job in identifying potential competitors. Competitor analysis is an essential aspect of effective business management, and many managers invest significant time and resources into understanding their competitive environment. Although it's not universally applicable to all managers, it's a common issue faced by some managers in various industries. Identifying potential competitors is a crucial aspect of business strategy, and overlooking them can result in negative consequences for a company.

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When the target market for a transportation company is low-income workers without personal transportation, the marketing mix elements must change to reflect the needs of this market segment.

The product that is being offered must be affordable and cater to the needs of low-income workers who are looking for reliable transportation options. In this case, the transportation company may choose to offer shared transportation options or group transportation services to reduce the cost of transportation for low-income workers. The pricing strategy should also reflect the affordability of the product and offer discounts or packages that cater to this market segment. The promotion strategy may focus on reaching out to low-income workers through community outreach programs or targeted advertising campaigns that cater to this market segment.
When the target market for a transportation company is corporate international business travelers, the marketing mix elements must change to reflect the needs of this market segment. The product that is being offered must be of high quality and cater to the needs of business travelers who require comfort, convenience, and reliability. In this case, the transportation company may choose to offer luxury transportation options or business-class travel services to cater to the needs of this market segment. The pricing strategy should reflect the high-quality product and offer premium pricing that caters to this market segment. The promotion strategy may focus on reaching out to business travelers through targeted advertising campaigns or corporate partnerships that cater to this market segment.
When the target market for a transportation company is companies with urgent documents or perishable materials to get to customers, the marketing mix elements must change to reflect the needs of this market segment. The product that is being offered must be reliable and offer time-sensitive transportation options that cater to the needs of companies with urgent documents or perishable materials. In this case, the transportation company may choose to offer express delivery options or same-day delivery services to reduce the risk of delays and meet the needs of this market segment. The pricing strategy should reflect the value of time-sensitive transportation and offer premium pricing that caters to this market segment. The promotion strategy may focus on reaching out to companies through targeted advertising campaigns or corporate partnerships that cater to this market segment.

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Alex Rodriguez, a renowned baseball player and All-Star shortstop, aims to accumulate $175 million in savings from his current contract by the time he reaches the age of 45, when deferred payments concluded.

Alex Rodriguez, a prominent figure in the world of baseball, has strategically planned his financial goals. He intends to secure $175 million in savings from his ongoing contract, with the accumulated amount becoming available once he turns 45. These savings are likely to be a result of deferred payments, which are common in professional sports contracts. Deferred payments allow athletes to receive portions of their salary over an extended period, often after the end of their active career. Rodriguez's plan demonstrates his foresight and long-term financial planning, aiming to secure a substantial sum for his future beyond his playing days. With this significant amount set aside, Rodriguez will have a solid financial foundation, providing stability and security as he transitions into the next phase of his life.

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The industry that typically offers the highest dividend payout yields is the utilities sector. Utilities companies are known for their stable cash flows and predictable earnings, making them attractive for income-seeking investors.

These companies provide essential services such as electricity, gas, and water, which generate consistent demand regardless of economic conditions. Utility companies often have a regulated business model, which provides a level of stability and predictable cash flows.

As a result, they are more inclined to distribute a significant portion of their profits to shareholders in the form of dividends. These dividends act as a way to attract investors and compensate them for their investments.

Additionally, utilities companies tend to have limited growth opportunities compared to sectors like technology or healthcare. Since they operate in mature markets, they prioritize returning excess cash to shareholders rather than reinvesting it for expansion.

It's important to note that dividend payout yields can vary within the utilities sector, depending on factors such as the company's financial health, dividend policy, and market conditions. Investors should conduct thorough research and analysis to identify specific utility companies with attractive dividend payout yields, taking into account factors like dividend history, sustainability, and future growth prospects.

While the utilities sector generally offers higher dividend payout yields, it's essential to consider the overall investment objectives, risk tolerance, and diversification strategy when constructing a well-rounded investment portfolio.

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The statement "There is a lower ratio of labor to materials in the service industry" is not correct when comparing supply chain management in the service industry with that of the manufacturing industry.

In fact, in the service industry, there is typically a higher ratio of labor to materials compared to the manufacturing industry.

In the service industry, the primary focus is on providing intangible services rather than producing physical products. Therefore, the service industry relies heavily on human resources and expertise to deliver the desired outcomes. This means that a higher proportion of labor is involved in the service delivery process, as it requires skilled individuals to perform tasks and interact with customers.

On the other hand, in the manufacturing industry, the emphasis is on transforming raw materials into finished products. This often involves complex machinery and automated processes, which can reduce the labor requirements in comparison to the service industry. The manufacturing industry typically has a higher ratio of materials to labor, as the production process heavily relies on materials, equipment, and technology.

In conclusion, the statement suggesting a lower ratio of labor to materials in the service industry is incorrect. The service industry generally requires a higher proportion of labor compared to the manufacturing industry due to the nature of delivering intangible services.

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The economy's ability to coordinate economic activity can be hindered by various factors, such as (a) sticky wages causing sticky prices, (b) workers whose wages change quickly, and (c) auction prices. Therefore all  of the option (d) is the correct answer.

Sticky wages refer to a situation where wages do not adjust immediately to changes in market conditions, such as shifts in demand and supply. This can lead to sticky prices, where the prices of goods and services also do not adjust quickly to changes in demand and supply, resulting in price rigidity.On the other hand, workers whose wages change quickly can create instability in the economy, making it difficult for firms to plan their production schedules and pricing strategies. This can lead to inefficient allocation of resources and lower economic growth.

Lastly, auction prices, which are determined by the highest bidder, may not reflect the true value of a good or service, especially if there is information asymmetry or collusion among bidders. This can lead to distorted prices and an inefficient allocation of resources. In conclusion, all of the above factors can hinder the economy's ability to coordinate economic activity and achieve optimal allocation of resources. To overcome these obstacles, policymakers may need to implement measures that promote wage and price flexibility, reduce information asymmetry, and prevent collusion among market participants.Hence option (d) is the correct answer.

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A startup entering an embryonic stage industry without sufficient capital to purchase required fixed assets would be best served by adopting a bootstrapping strategy. This approach focuses on minimizing expenses, utilizing existing resources efficiently, and seeking alternative sources of funding, such as crowdfunding or grants, to grow the business organically without heavy reliance on external investments.

A startup entering an embryonic stage industry without sufficient capital to purchase required fixed assets would be best served by also adopting a developing stage such as a lean startup strategy. This involves minimizing expenses and focusing on generating revenue with minimal resources. The startup can consider renting or leasing equipment instead of purchasing, outsourcing non-core functions, and utilizing free or low-cost marketing channels to reach potential customers. By adopting a lean startup strategy, the startup can conserve its limited resources and gradually scale up as it generates revenue and attracts investment.

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A bottle of vitamins containing 30 tablets is $8.99. A bottle of the same vitamins containing 100 tablets is $11.99. This is an example of B. Economies of scale.

Economies of scale are cost advantages that result from expanding production or acquiring more products or services in a given amount. The average cost per unit lowers when more is produced or acquired.

This decrease in average cost can be attributed to a number of variables, including the spreading out of fixed costs over a higher production volume, improved resource utilization, and increased production process efficiency. Economies of scale can give businesses a competitive edge by enabling them to offer lower prices, generate greater profit margins, or make investments in expansion.

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A snapshot at a point in time of an entity's assets, liabilities, and owner's equity is referred to as a balance sheet.

The balance sheet is a financial statement that provides a summary of the financial position of an entity at a specific moment in time by showing its assets, which are the resources that the entity owns or controls; its liabilities, which are the obligations it owes to others; and its owner's equity, which represents the residual interest in the assets of the entity after deducting its liabilities.

The balance sheet is an important tool for evaluating the financial health of an entity and for making informed decisions about its future.

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A snapshot at a point in time of an entity's assets, liabilities, and owner's equity is referred to as the balance sheet. The balance sheet is a financial statement that provides a summary of an entity's financial position.

It presents the company's assets (such as cash, inventory, property), liabilities (such as loans, accounts payable), and owner's equity (which represents the residual interest in the company's assets after deducting liabilities).

The balance sheet provides important information about an entity's financial health, solvency, and the composition of its assets and liabilities. It serves as a snapshot or a snapshot of the company's financial condition at a specific moment, usually at the end of an accounting period.

By comparing balance sheets from different periods, stakeholders can analyze changes in the company's financial position over time, including its liquidity, leverage, and net worth.

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The service outputs in a marketing channel are the productive outputs in a marketing channel that consumers value and desire. This means that they are the specific services that customers expect and appreciate from the marketing channel, such as delivery times, product availability, after-sales service, and other value-added services.

These service outputs are a critical part of channel management, as they determine how effective a marketing channel is at meeting customer needs. Marketers must carefully consider which service outputs are most important to their target market and work to optimize their channel management strategy to deliver these services effectively. By doing so, they can ensure that they are meeting customer needs and creating a positive customer experience, which can help to build long-term customer loyalty and drive business success.

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The least likely good to be sold in a monopolistically competitive market is wheat.

Monopolistically competitive markets are characterized by a large number of sellers offering differentiated products. In such markets, goods that have a high degree of product differentiation and branding tend to be more prevalent. Ice cream, beer, and breakfast cereal are all examples of goods that typically have a wide range of product variations and brands available in the market. These goods can be differentiated based on flavors, ingredients, packaging, and marketing strategies, allowing for product differentiation and competition among sellers.

On the other hand, wheat is a commodity that is typically sold in homogeneous form, without significant product differentiation or branding. It is traded in large quantities and is commonly used as a raw material in various industries, such as food processing and livestock feed. In monopolistically competitive markets, where product differentiation plays a key role, commodities like wheat are less likely to be sold as they lack the level of differentiation required to compete effectively in such markets.

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The piecewise function that represents the cost of renting a canoe is: Cost(h) =

$20 if h ≤ 4

$20 + $4(h-4) if h > 4

The function is piecewise because there are different cost rates depending on how long you rent the canoe for.

For the first 4 hours, the cost is a flat rate of $20, so if h (the number of hours) is less than or equal to 4, the cost is just $20.

If you rent the canoe for more than 4 hours, there is an additional cost of $4 per hour. To represent this, we subtract the first 4 hours from the total hours (h-4), and multiply that by $4, then add it to the initial cost of $20.

- The main answer is the piecewise function C(x) that represents the cost of renting a canoe depending on the number of hours, x.

- The first part of the function, "20," applies when the number of hours rented, x, is between 0 and 4 hours, inclusive. This means that the cost is $20 for the first 4 hours.

- The second part of the function, "20 + 4(x-4)," applies when the number of hours rented, x, is greater than 4 hours. This means that after the first 4 hours, the cost is $4 per additional hour.

- In this part of the function, "x-4" calculates the number of additional hours beyond the first 4, and "4(x-4)" calculates the cost of those additional hours. Finally, we add the initial $20 for the first 4 hours to get the total cost.

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The leading petty officer is considered a part of middle management within the naval organizational structure. Middle management typically consists of individuals who oversee and supervise a group of subordinates while reporting to higher-level managers or officers.

In the military context, the leading petty officer holds a leadership position within the enlisted ranks and is responsible for managing and supervising a specific group or division of sailors. They serve as a bridge between senior officers and the enlisted personnel, ensuring effective communication, discipline, and coordination within their assigned unit.

While middle managers like the leading petty officer have authority over a specific group of individuals, they operate within the broader framework established by higher-level managers. They are responsible for implementing the directives and policies set by senior officers while overseeing the day-to-day activities and welfare of their subordinates. Middle management plays a crucial role in translating higher-level strategies into actionable plans and ensuring their successful execution at the operational level.

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The return on investment (ROI) for Division D of Saunders Company is 114.7%.

To calculate the return on investment (ROI) for Division D of Saunders Company, you need to consider sales, cost of goods sold, operating expenses, and invested assets.

1. Determine the net operating income by subtracting the cost of goods sold and operating expenses from sales:

  Net operating income = Sales - Cost of goods sold - Operating expenses

  Net operating income = $350,000 - $120,000 - $58,000

  Net operating income = $172,000

2. Calculate the return on investment (ROI) by dividing the net operating income by the invested assets, then multiply by 100 to get the percentage:

  ROI = (Net operating income / Invested assets) x 100

  ROI = ($172,000 / $150,000) x 100

  ROI = 1.1467 x 100

  ROI = 114.67%

3. Round the ROI to one decimal place:

  ROI = 114.7%

So, the return on investment (ROI) is 114.7%.

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The statement "Estimates should become more accurate as time progresses" is true because as the project progresses, more information becomes available which helps in refining and updating the estimates.

Initially, the estimates are based on limited information, and as more details emerge, the project team can fine-tune the estimates to reflect the actual conditions. Additionally, as the project progresses, the team can identify potential risks and uncertainties that were not accounted for in the initial estimates.

These risks can be mitigated or addressed, which further improves the accuracy of the estimates. However, it's important to note that even with the best planning and execution, unexpected events can occur, which can impact the accuracy of the estimates.

Therefore, it's essential to monitor the progress of the project continually, adjust the estimates as necessary, and communicate any changes to all stakeholders. This way, everyone involved is aware of the progress of the project and can take appropriate actions to ensure its successful completion.

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Relying on monthly delinquency reports on auto loan management by a local credit union is a vital business function that the company relies on the IT department.

The IT department is responsible for ensuring that the data is accurately collected, processed, analyzed, and presented in a timely and efficient manner. They also need to ensure that the data is secure and protected from unauthorized access or manipulation. This function requires the IT department to collaborate with other departments, such as finance, risk management, and compliance, to ensure that the data is used effectively and efficiently to support the company's goals and objectives. The monthly delinquency report on auto loan management is essential for the company's risk management and credit decision-making processes. It provides critical insights into the performance of the auto loan portfolio, such as the number of delinquent accounts, the severity of delinquency, and the trends in delinquency rates over time. This information helps the company to identify potential risks and take appropriate actions to mitigate them, such as adjusting credit policies, offering refinancing options, or initiating collection activities.

Moreover, relying on the monthly delinquency report on auto loan management is also essential for complying with regulatory requirements. The report provides evidence of the company's compliance with the relevant laws, regulations, and industry standards, such as the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) guidelines. It also helps the company to demonstrate its commitment to transparency, accountability, and responsible lending practices.

In summary, the monthly delinquency report on auto loan management is a vital business function that the company relies on the IT department to perform effectively. It is not of no concern to IT functions, nor is it unreliable. Instead, it is a critical component of the company's risk management, credit decision-making, and regulatory compliance processes, and requires collaboration and coordination between various departments to ensure its success.

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The return on levered equity for the firm is 86.3%.

Levered equity refers to the equity portion of a company's capital structure that is financed through debt, which means that the equity shareholders are exposed to both the benefits and risks of debt financing. Now, let's use the information provided in the question to calculate the return on levered equity for the firm.

First, we need to calculate the total amount of equity financing for the firm. We know that the firm requires an investment of $20,000, and since it borrowed $6,000 at 7%, the remaining equity financing is $14,000.

Next, we need to calculate the net income for the firm after deducting the interest expense on the debt. The interest expense on the $6,000 borrowed at 7% is $420 (calculated as $6,000 x 0.07), which means the firm's net income is $26,500 - $420 = $26,080.

To calculate the return on levered equity, we need to divide the net income by the total equity financing. Therefore, the return on levered equity is $26,080 / $14,000 = 1.8629 or 186.29%.

In conclusion, the return on levered equity for the firm is 186.29%, calculated as the net income of $26,080 divided by the total equity financing of $14,000. To calculate the return on levered equity for a firm requiring a $20,000 investment with a $26,500 return after one year and borrowing $6,000 at 7%, follow these steps:

1. Calculate the amount of equity the firm is using: $20,000 (total investment) - $6,000 (borrowed amount) = $14,000 (equity investment).

2. Calculate the interest on the borrowed amount: $6,000 (borrowed amount) x 0.07 (interest rate) = $420 (interest expense).

3. Calculate the net return after paying the interest: $26,500 (total return) - $420 (interest expense) = $26,080 (net return).

4. Calculate the return on levered equity: ($26,080 (net return) - $14,000 (equity investment)) / $14,000 (equity investment) = 0.863 (or 86.3%).

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a. Growth of the labor force and increased productivity became increasingly important sources of economic growth after the Civil War.

The correct answer is a. Growth of the labor force and increased productivity became increasingly important sources of economic growth after the Civil War. While expansion of the use of land and capital were also important factors, the growth of the labor force and increased productivity were key drivers of economic growth in the post-Civil War era. Additionally, while economic growth did accelerate in the 20th century, this is not directly related to the sources of economic growth after the Civil War.

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Jerry has used a technique known as the Door-in-the-Face technique to obtain the desired amount of money from his dad.

The technique used by Jerry is known as the Door-in-the-Face technique. This technique involves making an initial larger request, which is likely to be rejected, followed by a smaller request that is more reasonable and likely to be accepted. In this case, Jerry initially asks his dad for $50, knowing that it is a high amount that his dad is likely to refuse. By making this larger request, Jerry creates a contrast effect where the second request of $20 seems more reasonable and manageable in comparison. Jerry's dad, perceiving the second request as a compromise, is more likely to agree to it, as he may feel that he has already made a concession by not giving the full amount Jerry initially asked for. By employing the Door-in-the-Face technique, Jerry successfully obtains the money he needs without his dad's suspicion or objection.

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The total expansion of deposits would be 4,500.

In such a system, banks are only required to hold a fraction of their deposits as reserves and are allowed to lend out the rest. This creates a multiplier effect, where each deposit can ultimately lead to the creation of more deposits through the lending and re-depositing process. In your specific scenario, the required reserve ratio is 0.2, which means that banks are required to hold 20% of their deposits as reserves and can lend out the remaining 80%. Therefore, if an initial deposit of 900 is made, the bank can lend out 720 (80% of 900) and must hold 180 (20% of 900) as reserves.

Assuming that the borrower of the 720 then deposits it into another bank, that bank can also lend out 80% of the 720, which is 576. The remaining 144 (20% of 720) must be held as reserves. This process can continue with each subsequent deposit leading to the creation of more deposits and an expansion of the money supply.

To calculate the total expansion of deposits, we can use the formula for the money multiplier:

Money multiplier = 1 / reserve ratio

In this case, the reserve ratio is 0.2, so the money multiplier is 1 / 0.2 = 5.

Therefore, the initial deposit of 900 can ultimately expand deposits by:

900 x 5 = 4,500

In other words, the total expansion of deposits would be 4,500. This is because each subsequent deposit and loan creates more deposits, leading to a larger expansion of the money supply than just the initial deposit alone.

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Online trading services target a wide range of investors who are seeking convenience, accessibility, and control over their investment activities.

1. Tech-Savvy Investors: Online trading services cater to investors who are comfortable using technology and prefer a digital platform for managing their investments. These investors typically have a good understanding of online tools, platforms, and trading interfaces.

2. Self-Directed Investors: Online trading services are particularly appealing to self-directed investors who prefer to make their own investment decisions and actively manage their portfolios. These investors often have a sufficient level of knowledge and expertise in financial markets and trading strategies.

3. Cost-Conscious Investors: Online trading platforms typically offer competitive pricing structures with lower transaction costs compared to traditional brokerages. Cost-conscious investors are attracted to these services as they seek to minimize fees and expenses associated with their investment activities.

4. Time-Constrained Investors: Online trading services provide flexibility and convenience, allowing investors to trade and manage their portfolios at any time from anywhere with internet access. Time-constrained investors who cannot dedicate regular hours to visit physical brokerages find online trading services more accessible.

5. DIY Traders: Do-it-yourself (DIY) traders are individuals who enjoy the process of researching, analyzing, and executing trades on their own. Online trading platforms offer a wide array of tools, research resources, and real-time market data to support DIY traders in their investment decision-making process.

6. Long-Term Investors: Online trading services are not limited to short-term traders; they also cater to long-term investors. These investors use online platforms for activities such as portfolio diversification, long-term investing, and retirement planning.

Overall, online trading services target investors who value convenience, control, cost-efficiency, and the ability to execute investment activities on their terms. These services provide a platform for investors to actively participate in financial markets and manage their portfolios according to their individual preferences and goals.

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Assuming that the Japanese yen has appreciated relative to the U.S. dollar, the following statement is true: It now takes fewer Japanese yen to purchase one U.S. dollar.

If the Japanese yen has appreciated relative to the U.S. dollar, it means that it has become stronger compared to the dollar. This implies that it takes fewer yen to purchase one U.S. dollar than before. Therefore, the true statement is that the U.S. dollar has depreciated relative to the Japanese yen. This means the value of the yen has increased compared to the dollar, making the yen stronger in the foreign exchange market.

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On the payment calculator sheet, the sales price in cell B12 calculated using goal-seeking is as follows:We can use goal-seeking in Excel to determine a sales price. A goal-seeking procedure allows us to specify a value that a formula or calculation should produce and then set Excel to find out what input value is required to generate that output.

To determine the sales price in cell B12 using goal-seeking, follow the below steps:Select cell B12 on the payment calculator sheet.Click on the Data tab in the ribbon at the top of Excel.Select the What-If Analysis button from the Data Tools group in the ribbon. Click on Goal Seek in the drop-down menu.The Goal Seek dialog box will appear. Enter the following information in the dialog box:In the Set cell box, enter the reference for the cell containing the formula that will calculate the sales price (B12).In the To value box, enter the desired output value (for example, $500,000).In the By changing cell box, enter the reference for the cell that contains the value that should be changed to achieve the desired output value (for example, C12).Click the OK button to execute the goal-seeking procedure.Excel will then determine what input value is required in cell C12 to produce the desired output value of $500,000 in cell B12.

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A key element to preserving a monopoly is keeping potential rivals out of the market. This can be achieved through strategic pricing, exclusive contracts, legal mechanisms, and lobbying. Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Monopoly refers to a market structure where a single firm dominates the market by controlling the supply of a particular product or service, giving it significant market power. The firm can then use this market power to maintain its monopoly position by preventing or discouraging the entry of new competitors into the market.

There are various ways a firm can achieve this. One approach is through strategic pricing, where the dominant firm lowers prices to make it difficult for new entrants to compete, or by engaging in predatory pricing to drive competitors out of the market.

Another way is through exclusive contracts with suppliers or customers, making it difficult for competitors to access essential resources. Moreover, firms may also use legal mechanisms such as patents, copyrights, or trademarks to prevent competitors from entering the market or imitating their products.

A monopoly may also engage in lobbying or regulatory capture, influencing government policies to create barriers to entry or favorable market conditions that favor the incumbent firm.

In summary, the key element to preserving a monopoly is to keep potential rivals out of the market, which can be achieved through various means such as strategic pricing, exclusive contracts, legal mechanisms, and lobbying.

This ensures that the dominant firm retains its significant market power and maintains its monopoly position. Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

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Complete Question:

What is the key element in preserving a monopoly

A. increased advertising expenditures.

B. government subsidization of critical enterprises.

C. keeping potential rivals out of the market.

D. guaranteeing the availability of substitute products.