Some help me with this chem question

The pollution in a watershed have such a heavy impact on its inhabitants because  the water combines and the pollutants become more concentrated.

Pollution is defined as the introduction of harmful material to the environment. These harmful material is called pollutant.

Pollutant can be natural such as volcanic ash. They can also be created by human effect.

There are four types of pollution

Thus, the pollution in a watershed have such a heavy impact on its inhabitants because  the water combines and the pollutants become more concentrated.

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The specific volume of diatomic nitrogen is 13.37 ft³/lb by mass and 0.0265 m³/mol by mole.

1) m(N2) = 1 lb; mass of diatomic nitrogen

V(N2) = 100 gal = 13.37 ft³; volume of diatomic nitrogen

The standard unit for specific volume is cubic meters per kilogram or cubic feet per pound (ft³/lb).

ν = V / m; formula used to calculate specific volume (ν) by mass

ν = 13.37 ft³ / 1 lb

ν = 13.37 ft³/lb; specific volume by mass

2) M(N2) = 28 g/mol = 0.070 lb/mol; molar mass of diatomic nitrogen

n(N2) = 1 lb / 0.070 lb/mol

n(N2) = 14.29 mol; amount of diatomic nitrogen

ν = V / n; formula used to calculate specific volume (ν) by mole

ν = 13.37 ft³ / 14.29 mol

ν = 0.936 ft³/mol = 0.0265 m³/mol; specific volume (ν) by mole

The molar volume has the SI unit of cubic metres per mole (m³/mol)

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A buffer solution is composed of 8.50 mol of acid and 2.25 mol of the conjugate base.

What is pH of a solution?

The concentration of hydrogen (H+) ions in a solution, which is a measurement of acidity, is known as the pH of that solution. Acidic solutions have a pH under 7. The same holds true for solutions that have a pH higher than 7.

A buffer solution is one that prevents the pH of a solution from changing when a little amount of a strong acid or basic is added.

Given,

pKa of acid = 4.20

[acid] = 8.50

[base] = 2.25

pH of buffer = pKa + log [base]/[acid]

= 4.20 + log[2.25/8.50]

=3.622

Thus, pH of the buffer is 3.662.

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a) Ch +2, and H2O 0 so complex has 2+

b) Fe +3 and CO3-6 so complex has -3

c)  V +3, H2O 0, Cl -1 so complex has -1

What is meant by complex charge?

A charge transfer complex, also known as the electron donor acceptor complex, is a grouping of two or more molecules or of several chemical components where some electronic charge is transmitted between the molecular entities.

A complexion or coordinating entity's charge number refers to the net charge it carries.

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Answer:

Their mass stays the same but their weight changes.

Explanation:

The gravitational force of celestial bodies is determined by their mass and size. The moon has less mass than the Earth and can't pull object towards itself as well as the Earth. Thus, mass remains the same and you'd weigh less.

The temperature while the water is in the process of freezing it is observed that is solidifies .

What is the process of freezing?

The process through which a substance transforms from a liquid to a solid is known as freezing.

When a liquid's molecules slow down enough to attract one another into permanent positions as a solid, this process is known as freezing.

When water freezes, energy is emitted into the environment, which leads energy to be lost and causes the environment to "cool down".

Since it is not thought to exist, the term "cooling" is not well understood in chemical research and would instead be substituted by the phrase "absence or loss of heat."

When a body's temperature drops, it is said to be cooling. If the temperature drops further, as it would with water, it would ultimately approach the freezing point, which for water is 0 degrees Celsius.

As a result, when cooling passes this thermal barrier, the water "freezes." The freezing point of pure water is 0 degrees Celsius. 

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We will see that rock would hit the ground first and cotton would hit later,

when we perform the same experiment in vaccum, then both will hit the ground at the same time.

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It is negatively charged

As the diagram showed,

inner part contains nucleus which constitute proton and neutron

and the outer part contain electron dense clouds which is negatively charged

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Explanation:

This is because the hydrogen bonding in water H2O is stronger than that is hydrogen sulfide H2S.

Answer:

I think the answer is assume

Answer:

Explanation:

dilute hydrochloric acid is added to distilled water to increase the ionization of water.

The ionic compound between each pair of elements has the following formula:

(a) Al₂S₃

(b) AlN

(c) K₂O

(d) SrI₂

(e) MgO

(f) BaF₂

(g) SrS

(h) Be₃N₂

The formula for the ionic compound for each pair is:

(a) Aluminium and Sulfur

Aluminum sulfide, also known as Al₂S₃, is created when aluminum and sulfur combine. Its molar mass is 150.158 g/mol. Al has a +3 oxidation state while the sulfur in Al₂S₃ is in a -2 oxidation state.

Al⁺³ + S⁻² → Al₂S₃

(b) Aluminium and Nitrogen

Solid aluminum nitride is known as aluminum nitride (AlN). It is an electrical insulator with high thermal conductivity of up to 321 W/(mK).

Al⁺³ + N⁺³ → AlN

(c) Potassium and Oxygen

When potassium and oxygen are combined, potassium oxide results as an ionic molecule. It has the chemical composition K₂O. Because it is highly reactive, potassium cannot be found in its free form. It easily forms K₂O when combined with oxygen atoms due to its +1 valency.

( K₂ )⁺¹ + O²⁻ → K₂O

(d) Strontium and iodine

Ions of strontium and iodide combine to form the ionic compound known as strontium iodide.

Strontium has the chemical symbol Sr and a valency of +2. Iodine also bears the symbol I and the valency of -1.

(Sr)⁺² + I⁻¹ → SrI₂

(e) Magnesium and Oxygen

Magnesium oxide MgO) is created through the ionic interaction of magnesium (Mg) with oxygen (O₂). While oxygen has six valence electrons, magnesium only has two.

Mg⁺² + O²⁻ → MgO

(f) Barium and Fluorine

Because it is made up of a barium cation with a +2 charge and a fluoride anion with a charge of 1, barium fluoride is an ionic compound. This substance has the chemical formula BaF₂.

Ba²⁺ + F⁻¹ → BaF₂

(g) Strontium and Sulfur

Strontium serves as the anion and sulfur is the cation. Due to its presence in Group II, strontium has a valency of 2. The sulfur atom will gain 2 electrons and currently has 6 electrons in its outermost shell. Sulfur's valency is therefore 2.

Sr⁺² + S²⁻ → SrS

(h) Beryllium and Nitrogen

Because nitrogen is a non-metal and beryllium is a metal, an ionic link is created between the two. Be₃N₂ is formed when Beryllium and nitrogen is reacted.

Be²⁺ + N³⁻ → Be₃N₂

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The complete question is mentioned below:

Write a formula for the ionic compound that forms between each pair of elements.

a. Aluminum and Sulfur

b. Aluminum and Nitrogen

c. Potassium and Oxygen

d. strontium and iodine

e. magnesium and oxygen

f. barium and fluorine

g. strontium and sulfur

h. beryllium and nitrogen

The products of the reaction are (2r,3r) - dibromobutane and (2s,3s)-dibromobutane

Halogenation is a chemical process in which one or more halogens are added to a substance. Due to the widespread presence of halide-containing chemicals, this type of transformation is crucial for producing polymers and pharmaceuticals, among other things.

When a material gets brominated, the chemical reaction causes bromine to be added to the compound. The result's qualities after bromination will be different from the initial reactant.

The bromination of cis - but - 2 - ene is the reaction described. Two items are produced as a result.

Reaction:

cis - but - 2 - ene + Br₂ → (S, S) - 2,3 - dibromobutane + (R, R) - 2,3 - dibromobutane

When cis - but - 2 - ene is reacted with bromines the products of the reactions are ( 2S, 3S) - dibromobutane and ( 2R, 3R ) - dibromobutane, respectively.

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Thermal properties and calcium-magnesium-alumina-silicate (cmas) resistance of lupo4 as environmental barrier coatings lupo4 synthesized by chemical precipitation and calcination

Thermal properties means material-dependent response when heat is distributed to a solid body, a liquid, or a gas  and then temperature increase, a phase transition, a change of length or volume, an formationof a chemical reaction or the change of some other physical or chemical property or quantity called as thermal properties. so here thermal properties and calcium-magnesium-alumina-silicate (cmas) resistance of lupo4 is the phase stability and the thermal properties of the ceramics as well as the thermochemical reactions between lupo4 pellet and calcium–magnesium–alumina–silicate at 1300°C this dense and continuous layer can effectively inhibit molten cmas penetration into lupo4.

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The answer would be the competitive inhibition, the inhibitor competes with the substrate for binding to the active site, but does not covalently modifying the active site.

In competitive inhibition, the inhibitor (I) firmly be like the actual substrate (S), and is considered as a substrate analogue. The inhibitor takes part with substrate and cohere at the active site of the enzyme but does not go any catalysis. As long as the competitive inhibitor hold on to the active site, the enzyme is not present for the substrate to cohere. A competitive inhibitor vanished the rate of catalysis by lessen the portion of enzyme molecules to a substrate. At any given inhibitor concentration, competitive inhibition can be pleased by expanding the substrate concentration.

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Lubricant decrease friction by causing a slight separation between solid surfaces, so they don't contact each other.

A lubricant, also known as lube or lubrication, is a chemical that aids in reducing friction between surfaces in contact, hence lowering the heat produced when the surfaces move. Additionally, it might be used for force transmission, the transportation of foreign objects, or the heating or cooling of surfaces.

The body's sliding surfaces are robust in part due to lubricin, a little-known protein that serves as nature's most efficient "grease." The body's most potent boundary lubricant, lubricin was found to coat the surfaces of joint cartilage.

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The complete question is -

____ decrease friction by causing a slight separation between solid surfaces, so they don't contact each other.

Answer: Change the way we run our economy.

Explanation: The way that the world, as a whole, runs its government and economy, is destroying the environment. If we can change this, and find another, better, way to run our countries and cities, the environment will get better, and we won't ruin our planet.

Answer:

3%

Explanation:

11 - 10.603 = 0.379  
0.379/11 = ~0.03 so 3%

The PH range of the effective buffer of NAHC2O4 is 3.5-5.2

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Initially, the Final speed of a molecule of an ideal gas is 327 m/s. the pressure and volume of this gas are kept constant, while the number of molecules is doubled.

The square root of the mean of the squares of the velocity of individual gas molecules is known as the root mean square velocity (RMS value).

T = Kelvin-degree temperature.

The arithmetic mean of the velocities of various gas molecules at a specific temperature is known as average velocity. Actually, root mean square speed, not velocity, is what the RMS calculation tells you.

Considering that velocity is a vector quantity with both magnitude and direction, this makes sense.

The behavior pf the molecule is given by -

PV = 2/3 N (1/2mv²)

We may write p1v1 = p2v2,

where the subscript 1 denotes the beginning condition

subscript 2 denotes the conditions following the number of molecules being doubled, because the pressure and volume of the gas are held constant while the number of molecules is doubled. Thus,

⇒ 2/3 [N1 (1/2 mv1²)] = 2/3 [N2 (1/2 mv2²)]

⇒ N1 v1² = N2 v2²

⇒ v2 = v1 √(N1/N2)

⇒ v2 = 463 √(N1 / 2N1)

⇒ v2 = 463 / √2

⇒ v2 = 327m/s

Thus, the final speed of the molecules is 327 m/s.

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The threshold quantity for hydrogen sulfide under PSM is 1500 pounds, whereas, under RMP, the threshold is 10,000 pounds.

Each column lists all of the elements that employers must comply with when a process falls under PSM and that specific RMP program in the column header.

By clicking on an element listed in that column, employers can view the regulatory text of both PSM and the RMP program for that element.

As described at the bottom of each of those links, OSHA requirements are in bold, EPA requirements are in italics, and regular font shows areas where the regulatory requirements are identical.

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The periodic table's group 17 substance is probably a halogen. This element would appear metallic or black in solid form.

The six elements in Group 17 of the periodic table compose the halogen elements. In the periodic table, group 17 is represented by the elements fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), astatine (At), and tennessine (Ts).

From top to bottom, the group 17 elements are fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and astatine (At). They are known as "halogens" because when they interact with metals, they produce salts.

The elements that make up group 17 of the periodic table are the halogens. They are nonmetals that are reactive, such as iodine, bromine, chlorine, and fluorine. Halogens are non-metals that are very reactive. These substances share a lot of characteristics with one another.

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All of the glassware do not measure with the same degree of accuracy.

A glassware is an apparatus that could be used for measurement. Most of the glassware are used for the measurement of fluids. In this case, we can see that the kinds of glass ware that could be used for measurement in the laboratory are; Burette, pipette, measuring cylinder etc.

The calibration of all the glassware are not the same, recall that there must always be a measure of uncertainty that goes with the instrument that is used in measurement.

Having known this, we can see that all of the glassware do not measure with the same degree of accuracy.

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Water in a 150 ml container volume with a diameter of 12 cm evaporates faster and therefore has a greater vapour pressure than a container with a volume 75 ml and a diameter of 5.5 cm, because the diameter of 150 ml container is more and more space is exposed, so it evaporates more quickly in lesser time.

The vapour pressure is due to escaping tendency of water molecule from surface of liquid. Vapour pressure is dependent on the number of molecules on the surface of liquid.

If number molecules on surface of molecules is greater, greater would be the vapour pressure.

Since, 150 mL container is with 12 cm diameter, its surface area is larger and it has more number of water molecules on the surface. So, it has greater vapour pressure than the 75 ml container and the water also evaporates faster due to large surface area and more exposure.  

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The United States uses many different energy sources and technologies to generate electricity. The sources and technologies have changed over time, and some are used more than others.

The three major categories of energy for electricity generation are fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, and petroleum), nuclear energy, and renewable energy sources. Most electricity is generated with steam turbines using fossil fuels, nuclear, biomass, geothermal, and solar thermal energy. Other major electricity generation technologies include gas turbines, hydro turbines, wind turbines, and solar photovoltaics.

Natural gas was the largest source—about 38%—of U.S. electricity generation in 2021. Natural gas is used in steam turbines and gas turbines to generate electricity.

Coal was the second-largest energy source for U.S. electricity generation in 2021—about 22%. Nearly all coal-fired power plants use steam turbines. A few coal-fired power plants convert coal to gas for use in a gas turbine to generate electricity.

Petroleum was the source of less than 1% of U.S. electricity generation in 2021. Residual fuel oil and petroleum coke are used in steam turbines. Distillate—or diesel—fuel oil is used in diesel-engine generators. Residual fuel oil and distillates can also be burned in gas turbines.

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Taking into account the definition of dilution, the molarity of the new solution is 0.075 M.

Dilution is the process of reducing the concentration of solute in solution, which is accomplished by simply adding more solvent to the solution at the same amount of solute.

In a dilution the amount of solute does not change, but as more solvent is added, the concentration of the solute decreases, as the volume (and weight) of the solution increases.

A dilution is mathematically expressed as:

Ci×Vi = Cf×Vf

where

In this case, you know:

Replacing in the definition of dilution:

6 M× 25 mL= Cf× 2000 mL

Solving:

(6 M× 25 mL)÷ 2000 mL= Cf

0.075 M= Cf

In summary, the molarity of the new solution is 0.075 M.

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Lipids, nucleotides, amino acids, and monosaccharides are the proper answers as to which molecules are present in some of the meteorites that have been studied.

Rocks or metal fragments from space are referred to as meteorites because they fall to earth. Some scientists, particularly those looking to support or refute the Panspermia idea, which holds that life originated from other planets, have investigated and analyzed these rocks and metals in great detail.

Lipids, nucleotides, amino acids, and monosaccharides are thus the proper answers to the compounds discovered in several meteorites.

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Vinegar has preservative and antimicrobial properties due to the ability of the active ingredient to cross the membrane as CH₃COOH. Once in the cytoplasm, it becomes Deprotonated.

Vinegar is a natural preservative. It enhances the microbiological safety and extending the life. Production of vinegar is a two step process , where yeasts convert sugars into alcohol, followed by acetobacter, which oxidise alcohol to acetic acid.

Vinegar is a crude acetic acid and possess antimicrobial properties, which kills microorganisms and enhance microbiological safety of food.

Deprotonated simply means the removal of a proton from a chemical compound. The acetic acid in vinegar cross the membrane and become deprotonated, i.e., removal of proton in the cytoplasm which disturbs the normal pH.

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Among the given options, Sodium nitrate (NaNO3) is a compound that is neither an acid nor a base. Thus, the correct option for this question is A.

The properties of acids are as follows:

Sodium nitrate (NaNO3) is classified in the category of salt that can be significantly developed in the reaction of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) which belongs to a base, and nitric acid (HNO3) which belongs to an acid.

Therefore, sodium nitrate (NaNO3) is one of the compounds that is neither an acid nor a base. Thus, the correct option for this question is A.

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