How are the electron levels and rows of the periodic table related?
Answer:
The highest energy level number (1 through 7) for the electrons in an atom corresponds to the period (or row) in the periodic table to which that atom belongs. Because there are 7 periods in the table, there are 7 energy levels. For example, hydrogen (H) is in the first period, so it has only one energy level.
Answer:
The number of valence electrons in an atom is reflected by its position in the periodic table of the elements.
Explanation:
Across each row, or period, of the periodic table, the number of valence electrons in groups 1 2 and 13 18 increases by one from one element to the next.
A+sample+of+a+radioactive+substance+decayed+to+95%+of+its+original+amount+after+a+year. what+is+the+half-life+of+the+substance?
Half life of the substance will be 0.152a
One of the main terms used in physics to describe the radioactive decay of a specific sample or element over a predetermined amount of time is half-life, also known as half-life period.the atoms whose mean life exceeds their half-life. This would imply that the mean life would be equal to the half-life divided by 2, which is the natural algorithm. On the other side, probability is frequently used to define the half-life.Half life formula:
Nₜ= Noe⁽⁻λᵗ⁾
Nₜ= substance leftover
No = initial concentration
λ = decay constant
Nₜ= 95
No = 100
t = 1
So, putting values in the above equation
95 = 100e⁽⁻λ⁾ .1
e^-λ = 95/100
ln e⁽⁻λ⁾ = ln(95/100)
find out the value of lambda
λ = ln( 0.95) = 4.55/a
t₍ₕₐₗf₎ = 0.693/ λ
Put the value of lamba in this equation
t₍ₕₐₗf₎ = 0.693 / 4.55
= 0.152a
Therefore, half life of the a sample of a radioactive substance decayed to 95% of its original amount after a year is 0.152a
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How does distance from the thermal energy source affect the amount of thermal energy transfer occurring in a substance
The distance from the thermal energy source affect the amount of thermal energy transfer occurring in a substance in a way that area that the radiation is spread over is four times as large for just the double distance.
Thermal energy that can transfer between substances always does so from one that is warmer to one that is cooler. Conduction, convention, and radiation are the three categories. Distance causes the heat radiation emitted by a source, such the sun, to disperse.
As it moves away from the source, the same quantity of energy is dispersed over a larger and larger sphere every second. For simply the twice distance, the radiation's distribution area is four times as large.
The solar constant (also known as the solar coefficient), abbreviated S, refers to the Sun's intensity on Earth, [tex]W/m^{2}[/tex], in units. This information reveals how much radiation enters a square metre of Earth (or any other planet at a similar distance from the sun).
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what is the arrow pointing to? a solution of different molecules. some of them consist of two small atoms attached to a bigger one. some are negatively charged, and consist of one big atom attached to a small one. there are also small positively charged atoms, which are pointed at by an arrow. what is the arrow pointing to? a solution of different molecules. some of them consist of two small atoms attached to a bigger one. some are negatively charged, and consist of one big atom attached to a small one. there are also small positively charged atoms, which are pointed at by an arrow. electron hydroxide ion hydronium ion water molecule hydrogen ion
Option A) The arrow is pointing towards the Hydrogen ion in the solution of the different molecules.
DescriptionWhen a hydrogen atom acquires or loses an electron, a hydrogen ion is produced.
The only time a positively charged hydrogen ion (or proton) is observed alone is when it is in a gaseous condition in a place that is almost particle-free.
One water molecule has two sides, one of which is partially negative and the other partially positive.
Because the oxygen atom is more electronegative than the hydrogen atoms, one side of a water molecule is partially negative (the oxygen side), and the other side is partially positive (the hydrogen side).
An atom’s attraction to shared electrons in bonds is referred to as electronegativity.
What is the name of the force that draws water molecules together?Cohesion, the water Becomes Sticky Due to Hydrogen Bonds. Hydrogen bonds form between nearby hydrogen and oxygen atoms of adjacent water molecules in the case of water.
A bond called a hydrogen bond is produced by the attraction between individual water molecules.
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Correct question
What is the arrow pointing to?
The figure shows a solution of different molecules. Some of them consist of two small atoms attached to a bigger one. Some are negatively charged, and consist of one big atom attached to the small one. There are also small positively charged atoms, which are pointed by an arrow.
A) Hydrogen ion
B) Hydronium ion
C) Electron
D) Hydroxide ion
E) Water molecule
Aluminum metal reacts with dilute sulfuric acid to produce aluminum sulfate and hydrogen gas. what mass of aluminum, in grams, will react with 5.91 g of sulfuric acid?
atomic weights 5.91 g of sulfuric acid is S-32 O-16 Al-27 H-1
What is aluminum sulfate?
Aluminum sulfate is the most widely used aluminum coagulant. it's available in a number of solid forms such as block, kibbled, or ground and is additionally available as a solution.
Aluminum sulfate is the most widely used aluminum coagulant. it's available in a number of solid forms such as block, kibbled, or ground and is additionally available as a solution.
aluminium sulfate 250g= 2.55 mol (250/98)
3Al + 2H2SO4 ---------> Al2(SO4)3 + 2H2
therefore two parts of vitriol produce one part of aluminum sulfate.
2.55mol /2 =1.275 mol 1.275mols of aluminum sulfate is produced.
1.275 mol s multiplied by aluminum sulfate's molar mass (342g/mol) gives its mass in grams.
What are atomic weights S-32 O-16 Al-27 H-1
aluminium sulfate 250g= 2.55 mol (250/98)
3Al + 2H2SO4 ---------> Al2(SO4)3 + 2H2
therefore two parts of vitriol produce one part of aluminum sulfate.
2.55mol /2 =1.275 mol 1.275mols of aluminum sulfate is produced.
1.275mol s multiplied by aluminum sulfate's molar mass (342g/mol) gives its mass in grams.
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please helpp i am behind.
Energy is the ability to do work and kinetic energy is energy in motion.
What is a variable?Our aim in an experiment is to determine the effect of one variable on another. The independent variable is the variable that is manipulated in the experiment while the dependent variable is the variable that changes as we manipulate the independent variable.
We now have to ask ourselves what is manipulated and what changes as we manipulate that variable. Every experiment must have these dependent and independent variables. Here, we need to find out the independent variable and dependent variables in any chosen any problems.
For instance, I want to measure the effect of fertilizer on plant growth. Plant growth is the dependent variable while fertilizer application is the independent variable.
A possible hypothesis is; if fertilizer is applied to the plant, the plant grows better.
Energy is the ability to do work and kinetic energy is energy in motion.
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How human being made
Answer: Human evolution is the lengthy process of change by which people originated from apelike ancestors. Scientific evidence shows that the physical and behavioral traits shared by all people originated from apelike ancestors and evolved over a period of approximately six million years
Explanation:
this is not one of the three processes for saturating air with water vapor lowering the temperature to the dew point mixing cold air with warm, moist air increasing the carbon dioxide content of air adding water vapor to the air
The process which does not saturate air with water vapor is increasing the carbon dioxide content of air.
What is saturation of air?
The term "saturated air" refers to an air volume that can store the most water vapor at a particular temperature. The air's water-vapor content as compared to its saturation level is known as relative humidity.
It is said that air is saturated when it has a 100% relative humidity, or when it can store as much water vapor as it can for a given temperature. Warm air is used to dry goods because it absorbs moisture and increases the amount of water it can store when saturated air is heated (relative humidity decreases).
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When placed in a 50-mL cube-shaped box, a substance fills the cube and has a volume of 50-mL. When placed in a 10-mL tube, that same amount of substance fills the tube and thus has a 10-ml volume. What is the state of the substance?
The state of the substance is likely a gas.
What are the states of matter?Matter, which refers to any substance that has mass and occupies space, is made up of three states as follows:
Gas LiquidSolidA gas is a state of matter intermediate between liquid and plasma that can be contained only if it is fully surrounded by a solid. It has no definite shape and only conforms to the volume of its container.
According to this question, a substance fills the cube and has a volume of 50-mL and 10-mL respectively when placed in containers of such volumes.
This suggests that the substance being referred to is a gas.
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identify which of the following functional groups appear in the molecule daumone. (note that some of the functional groups in daumone will not be listed as an answer option)
The functional groups in daumone;
- alcohol
- ether
- carboxylic acid
What is a functional group?A functional group is an atom, group of atoms or bond that is responsible for the chemical reactivity of the members of a homologous series. The homologous series refers to a family of compounds that have similar reactivity.
We know that organic molecule are almost always known to contain carbon. The functional groups in the molecule could help us to know the kind of reactions that could occur in the molecule since the reactions could only occur at the functional groups in the molecule as shown.
Let us now consider the compound daumone which has been found to be responsible for the hibernation of worms. The functional groups in the molecule are;
- alcohol
- ether
- carboxylic acid
These are the known functional groups that we can see in the molecule as shown above in the question.
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What is the relationship in terms of kinetic theory of gases if the volume increases as the pressure decrease
According to boyle's law
PV = constant
According to kinetic molecular theory of gases Boyle's law :
When molecules collide they create pressure. When the molecules are closer together they collide more frequently. Hence more volume less collisions less pressure.
Kinetic theory is based on the kinetic energy of moving particles. The kinetic energy is directly related to the temperature.In Boyle's Law the temperature is helped constant, so the kinetic energy of the molecules is a constant. The pressure and the volume are inversely related in Boyle's LawIn Kinetic theory pressure is created by the collision of particles. ( atoms or molecules) with each other and the container. The more collisions the more pressure. An increase in temperature will cause an increase in the number of collisions as the molecules have more kinetic energy. This is not the case in Boyle's Law.What happens in Boyle's Law is that the molecules are forced more closely together. The more densely packed the gas molecules are the more often they will collide creating more pressure. So if the volume is less the number of collisions and pressure will be greater. If the volume is greater the number of collisions and pressure will be less. So volume and pressure are inversely related if the temperature and total kinetic energy is kept constantTo know more about Kinetic theory visit : https://brainly.com/question/14349214
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How much of each of the following substances would you add to water to prepare 1.50 l of a 0.60 m solution?
From concentrated (18 M) sulfuric acid [H2SO4]
To prepare the solution, we dilute 33 mL of 18 M sulfuric acid to 1.00 L.
Molarity (M) = moles solute / Liter solution
Mass% = mass solute / mass solution×100
We can calculate the amount of 18 M sulfuric acid that needs to be diluted to 1.000 L from a concentrated solution using the dilution method. When determining the volume of 18 M sulfuric acid required, we arrive at
V1C1 = V2C2
V1 = (0.60M H2SO4) (1L) / (18M H2SO4)
V1 = 0.033L = 33mL
To prepare the solution, we dilute 33 mL of 18 M sulfuric acid to 1.00 L.
A substance's molarity (M) is the volume of solution in which it is present. The amount of a solute in moles per liter of a solution is known as molarity. A solution's molar concentration is another name for molarity.
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What is the w/w % of an aqueous solution of ammonia at 14.3 M, with a density of 0.900 g/mL.
The w/w % of an aqueous solution of ammonia is 27.01%.
w/w % or "weight by weight" is the proportion of a particular substance within a mixture, measured by weight or mass.
c(NH₃) = 14.3 M; concentration of ammonia solution
d(NH₃) = 0.900 g/mL; density of ammonia solution
V(NH₃) = 100 mL = 0.1 L; chosen volume of ammonia solution
M(NH₃) = 17 g/mol; molar mass of ammonia
ms(NH₃) = d(NH₃) × V(NH₃)
ms(NH₃) = 0.900 g/mL × 100 mL
ms(NH₃) = 90 g; mass of ammonia solution
m(NH₃) = c(NH₃) × V(NH₃) × M(NH₃)
m(NH₃) = 14.3 M × 0.1 L × 17 g/mol
m(NH₃) = 23.31 g; mass of pure ammonia (solute)
w/w % = m(solute) / m(solution) × 100%; formula to calculate w/w %
w/w % = 23.31 g / 90 g × 100%
w/w % = 27.01%
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Describe an experiment which shows that chlorine is more reactive than iodine. Include an equation in your answer.
Answer:
Create a solution of chloride water and add a colouless solution of potassium iodide... The mixture will turn red-brown because iodine has been displaced proving that it is less reactive than chlorine
Cl2 (aq) + 2KI (aq) --> 2KCl (aq) + I2 (aq)
bimetallic cooperativity with a 2-phosphinoimidazole-derived pd(ii) dimer enables naphthalene synthesis via dimeric pd(iii) catalysis.
Through an unprecedented coupling of aryl iodides and methyl ketones in the presence of silver triflate, these complexes with distinctive catalytic activity enable the quick synthesis of 1,3-disubstituted naphthalenes.
What is the process of naphthalene synthesis?
A methyl ketone is first arylated on a Pd catalyst, and then it is cyclized with a second equivalent of a ketone to complete the transition. This ketone arylation process is significant since it takes place in oxidizing circumstances, which points to the use of dimeric Pd catalysts with greater oxidation states.
The mechanism involving Pd(III) bimetallic catalysis at a high oxidation state on the basis of measurements and DFT calculations. We confirm the significance of the palladium catalyst for both arylation and cyclization for naphthalene production because these new bimetallic complexes exhibit reactivity that is not seen with monometallic Pd catalysts.
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Which of the following would be appropriate reason for scientists to reject atomic theory
Answer:
-evidence that some kinds of matter are made up of waves instead of particles
-observations that cannot be explained by the theory
Explanation:
Both of these are right.
calculate the molar concentration of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ( pah ), anthracene ( 178.23 g/mol), that was found in a well water sample at a concentration of 3.04 ppb. assume the density of the well water sample is 1.00 g/ml.
The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah), anthracene, has a molar concentration of 2.643 x 10-8.
What is molar concentration?
The phrase "molar concentration" (also known as "molarity," "amount concentration," or "substance concentration") refers to the amount of a substance per unit volume of solution and is used to describe a chemical species' (more particularly, a solute's) concentration in a solution.
The number of moles per liter, represented by the unit sign mol/L or mol/dm3 in SI units, is the most common way to measure molarity in chemistry. One mol/L of a solution's concentration is referred to as one molar, or one M.
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Charges of +2 µC and +3 µC are 4 mm from each other. Raina's group draws four diagrams trying to represent the
electrical force between the charges.
+2 μC +3 μC +2 μC +3 μC +2 μC +3 μC +2 μC +3 μC
W
Z
X
Y
Which diagram is correct?
O W
OX
ΟΥ
OZ
Mark this and return
Next
Submit
The correct diagram is W.
A diagram is often a -dimensional display that communicates the use of visual relationships. it is a simplified and dependent visual representation of ideas, ideas, buildings, family members, statistical records, anatomy, etc. it can be used for all elements of human activities to give an explanation for or illustrate a topic. example Diagrams are graphics that show a photo, or photographs, accompanied with the aid of either note, labels, or a legend, which will explain principles or techniques. Describe gadgets or locations.
Display how matters paintings, circulate or change. assist provide extra perception into the issue displayed. A diagram is a drawing that suggests the distinctive parts of something and the way they work collectively. three-Line diagram is part of the detailed design document. Used for manipulating designing circuit diagrams, managing circuits, segment sequencing, differential relay placing, and metering transformer connection. A records chart is a sort of diagram or graph, that organizes and represents a set of numerical or qualitative information.
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If a sodium hydroxide solution were added to a solution containing lead(ii) ions, sodium ions, nickel(ii) ions, and potassium ions, which ion(s) would remain in the supernatant?
If a sodium hydroxide solution were added to a solution containing lead(ii) ions, sodium ions, nickel(ii) ions, and potassium ions then the ion which would remain in the supernatant are potassium ions and sodium ions
Supernatant means clear liquid overlying material deposited by settling, precipitation and centrifugation called as supernatant. so here in the solution of sodium hydroxide means in naoh solution added lead(ii) ions, sodium ions, nickel(ii) ions, and potassium ions in that solution potassium ions and sodium ions are deposited by settling down and making precipitation that's why in this solution of naoh potassium ions and sodium ions are remain in the supernatant.
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. if a cell culture has 3 x 105 cells per ml , and the culture flasks hold 75 ml of culture each and you have 12 flasks, how many cells are there in total?
If a cell culture has 3 x 105 cells per ml , and the culture flasks hold 75 ml of culture each and you have 12 flasks, The bond between K⁺ and Cl⁻ ions is an ionic bond.
What is ionic bond?The main contact that takes place in ionic compounds is called ionic bonding, and it involves the electrostatic attraction between two atoms or ions with dramatically differing electronegativities. Along with covalent and metallic bonds, it is one of the most prevalent types of bonds. Ions are atoms, or collections of atoms, that have an electrical charge. Ions with a negative charge are produced by gaining electrons in atoms (called anions). Ions with a positive charge are created when atoms lose their electrons (called cations).
Electrovalence, as opposed to covalence, is the name for this transfer of electrons. The cation is a metal atom in the most straightforward scenario, while the anion is a nonmetal atom, however these ions can have more complex chemical compositions.
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Chiswick house was designed by richard boyle, better known as ________, to reflect the style of the ancient greeks and romans.
Chiswick house was designed by Richard Boyle, better known as Lord Burlington to reflect the style of the ancient Greeks and Romans.
Give a brief introduction about Chiswick house.In the Chiswick neighborhood of London, England, stands Chiswick House, a Neo-Palladian villa. The home, a "glorious" example of Neo-Palladian construction in west London, was planned and constructed in 1729 by Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington (1694-1753). 26.33 hectares are taken up by the house and garden (65.1 acres). One of the first examples of an English landscape garden, the garden was primarily designed by architect and landscape designer William Kent.
The Cavendish family rented out the property as it fell into disrepair in the 19th century. Starting in 1892, it served as the Chiswick Asylum, a psychiatric hospital.
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What is the longest-wavelength em radiation that can eject a photoelectron from a certain metal, given that the binding energy is 2.3 ev?
262 nanometers would be a longest potential wavelength that would even eject a photoelectron from silver and this is shorter than the lower limit of the visible range which is about 380 nanometers so it is ultraviolet light.
What is the longest wave-length that can generates electrons?The longest-wavelength light that generates an electron to be ejected from a gaseous lithium atom is 520 nm. Gaseous lithium atoms are illuminated with light of wavelength 400 nm.
Violet light of wavelength 400 nm discharges electrons with a maximum kinetic energy of 0.860 eV from sodium metal.
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Which element in Period 2 has the least mass
Answer: Lithium has the least mass.
Explanation: Period 2 of the Periodic Table includes the following elements:
• Carbon
• Nitrogen
• boron
• Lithium
• beryllium
• Neon
• oxygen
• fluorine
Clarification
Out of these elements, lithium has the least mass, which is 6.941 units. The element with the most mass on the other hand is neon, which has a mass of approximately 20.1797 units.
Final answer: The element in Period 2 of the Periodic Table with the least mass is lithium.
Which atom has the highest ionization energy?
O K
O zn
O Se
O Ca
The least amount of energy necessary to liberate the most loosely bound electron from an isolated gaseous atom, positive ion, or molecule is known as the ionization energy.
Which atom has the highest ionization energy?
KZnSeCaSe (Ionization energy 97542) has the highest out of Potassium, Zinc and Calcium.
A chemical element with the atomic number 34 and the symbol Se is selenium. It is a nonmetal (occasionally referred to as a metalloid) that shares characteristics with arsenic and has features halfway between sulfur and tellurium in the periodic table. In the crust of the Earth, it hardly ever exists in either its elemental state or as pure ore complexes.
The energy required to remove one mole of electrons from an atom and produce a positively charged selenium ion is known as the ionization of selenium energy.
Se -> Se+ + e-
Although this procedure can be performed numerous times, the energy cost rises sharply each time. The selenium's general equation is:
SeN+ -> Se(N+1)+ + e-
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you have a container filled with 31 moles of neutral lithium. how much negative electric charge is contained in the electrons of all the lithium atoms in the container?
The container contains 8.96 × 10⁶ C negative electric charges in the electrons of all the lithium atoms.
What are Electric Charges?When put in an electromagnetic field, charged matter experiences a force due to the physical property of electric charge.Positive or negative electrical charges are possible (commonly carried by protons and electrons respectively).When two charges are in opposition to one another, they repel one another.The term "neutral" refers to an object with no net charge. The early understanding of how charged particles interact is now referred to as classical electrodynamics, and it is still true for issues that do not demand taking into account quantum phenomena.Electric charge is a conserved attribute, meaning that the net charge of an isolated system—that is, the sum of the positive and negative charges—cannot change.We have 3 moles of electrons (e⁻) in 1 mol of Li, so the quantity of negative electric charge is:
hence
negative electric charges = 3 × 31 × 6.022 × 10²³ × 1.60 × 10⁻¹⁹
negative electric charges = 8.96 × 10⁶ C
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is it the pair of angles are supplementary. m/A = 120° and m/B = 60°
the equilibrium of 2h 2 o(g) 2h 2 (g) o 2 (g) at 2,000 k has a k eq value of 5.31 x 10 -10 . what is the mass action expression for this system?
The mass expression for the system is K= (aH₂)² × aO₂ / (aH₂O)² = 5.31× 10⁻¹⁰.
we may derive mass action expression out from equation above,
K= (aH₂)² × aO₂ / (aH₂O)² = 5.31× 10⁻¹⁰.
what is mass action expression ?An equation that compares the product activities increased towards the power of its coefficients to the reactant activity increased to the power of its coefficients is known as the mass action expression.
As much that you have a balanced equation to use as a guide, it is fairly simple to construct the expression correctly. So let's think about the subsequent generic aqueous solution reaction. The coefficient for that species is represented by each of the lowercase letters.The reaction quotient / concentration fraction are other names for the mass-action expression.The letter Q stands for mass-action expression (also known as reaction quotient or concentration fraction).To know more about mass action expression visit:
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In order for phospholipids to form bilayers spontaneously in an aqueous environment, the ph should be?
The ph must be close to neutral for phospholipids to spontaneously form bilayers in an aquatic environment.
What is phospholipid bilayer?
Important elements of cell membranes are phospholipid bilayers. A barrier preventing molecules and ions from entering and leaving the cell is the lipid bilayer. The ability to selectively permit the passage of specific molecules into and out of cells, however, is a crucial function of the cell membrane.
A polar membrane that has two layers of lipid molecules makes up the lipid bilayer. All cells are surrounded by these membranes, which are flat sheets.
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identify the example of a physical change. please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. answer choices the formation of a yellow solid when two colorless liquids are mixed the formation of bubb
An example of a physical change is the Making of icecream .
What is a physical change?
A physical change is a type of change in which the form of matter is altered but one substance is not transformed into another. the dimensions or shape of matter may be changed, but no reaction occurs.
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if a plot of 1/[a] versus time produces a straight line with a positive slope for the reaction a → b c, what is the order of the reaction? a) zero b) first c) second d) third e) cannot determine order from this information
A plot of 1/[a] versus time produces a line with a positive slope for the reaction a → b+ c. The reaction may be a second order reaction.
What is order of a reaction?The strength of the rate's dependency on the reactant concentration determines the reaction's order. As a result, the speed of a first-order reaction will undoubtedly depend on the concentration of a single species, a second-order reaction will undoubtedly depend upon the concentration of two species, and so on.
rate = k{[A]^x + [B]^y}
Thus, for the given reaction, order is 2, that's a plot of 1/[a] vs time producing a straight line with positive slope shows second order kinetics.
How does one know if its a second-order reaction?Determine the reaction order and therefore the rate constant. If a plot of reactant concentration versus time isn't linear, but a plot of 1/reaction concentration versus time is linear, then the reaction is second order
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