The balanced equation for this reaction is:
CH4 + 2O2 -> CO2 + 2H2O
This equation is balanced because each element has the same number of atoms on both sides of the equation. According to the rate expression, the concentrations of O2, H2O, and CO2 are all inversely correlated with the concentration of CH4. This implies that O2, H2O, and CO2 concentrations increase as CH4 concentrations fall. According to the coefficient of 1/2 in front of O2 and H2O, the reaction is happening at a 2:1 ratio, which means that for every CH4 molecule that reacts, 2 molecules of O2 and 2 molecules of H2O are created. The absence of the CO2 coefficient in the rate expression indicates that the concentration of CO2 is directly proportional to the change in concentration of CH4.
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Help on 1.15 please!!
In this case, multiplying 0.35 by 55 gives us the number 19. 25.2 m squared plus three squares is a match. This is equivalent to the third square of 20 by 25.4.
What is significant numbers?We will use the least number of decimal places for addition and subtraction of important values supplied 20 0.9 kg minus 12.90 kg divided by 10 liters thus far. So there are two decimal places in this. Then, 8.0 kg divided by 100 gallons will equal 20.99 install 0.90 sequel to eight point and apologize. Therefore, take note that the least amount of significance you have is three significant numbers. As a result, this is likewise equivalent to 0.8 kg each item. We need to divide 45.82 g by three cm, 0.64 g by 0.859 cm, and 0.64 g by three cm for a letter B. Therefore, we must first solve for the parenthesis in this case. so 27 cm divided by 45.82 g. Q.divided by 0.634 cm, my nose weighs 0.64 g. Do the math with two. The division is then distributed when we are ready to resolve it. This therefore amounts to 1.7 g per centimeter. We have 1.7 gram cm Q divided by two, or Q miners 6.0 times 10 to the negative three g per centimeter cube. This is the same as 0.9 grams per centimeter. Finally, we have 0.35 m times 1.5 m, or the final 25.2 m squared, for literacy. In this case, multiplying 0.35 by 55 gives us the number 19. 25.2 m squared plus three squares is a match. This is equivalent to the third square of 20 by 25.4.To learn more about significant numbers refer to:
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FILL IN THE BLANK. A __ reaction is a process in which a covalent or ionic bond is broken or formed.
A chemical reaction is a process in which a covalent or ionic bond is broken or formed.
A chemical reaction is a process that converts one or more compounds, known as reactants, to one or more distinct substances, known as products. Chemical elements or compounds are examples of substances.
A chemical reaction equation specifies the reactants and products, whereas a balanced chemical reaction equation specifies the reactants and products' mole relationships. The quantity of energy involved in the reaction is frequently mentioned. Reaction stoichiometry is the study of the quantitative aspects of chemical processes.
Synthesis (anabolic), decomposition (catabolic), and exchange are the t
Three primary types of chemical reactions involved in human physiology.
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a student places a drop of food coloring into two water samples. her observations are shown in the table. which statement best explains the observations in the table? (1 point)
The statement that best explains the observations in the table is - the water molecules of sample 1 are moving faster.
The temperature has an influence on the molecules of water. An increase in temperature is can make the water molecules to have more energy and therefore move at a faster rate.
When this happens the water molecules are said to move far apart and there will be an increase in the volume of water.
When water is heated, it has the tendency to expand and increase in volume, thereby becoming less dense.
The food coloring will spread into the water molecules by the phenomenon of diffusion. In hot water, food coloring will diffuse faster.
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Briefly explain why ethanol (C2H6O), an alcohol has a much higher boiling point than dimethyl ether (C2H60).
Ethanol (C2H6O), an alcohol has a much higher boiling point than dimethyl ether (C2H60) because hydrogen bonds found in the former are typically much stronger attractions than ordinary dipole moments in the latter.
What is Boiling point?
This is referred to as the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the pressure surrounding the liquid and the liquid changes into a vapor.
Ethanol (C2H6O), an alcohol has a much higher boiling point than dimethyl ether (C2H60) because hydrogen bonds have a stronger attraction which makes it more difficult for the atoms to be broken down hence the reason why the boiling point will be higher in this scenario.
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Why is there no reaction if you remove mercury oxide,HgO from the reaction?
The reaction stops because the reaction is a decomposition reaction.
What is a reaction?We have to note that there is a reaction when there is change of the reactants that are in the system to the products. We have to note that in this case. we have the decomposition of the mercury oxide.
Since it is a decomposition reaction, we can see that there is a break down of the mercury oxide to give rise to the oxygen and to the mercury as such if we remove the mercury oxide the reaction stops.
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how many moles are in 559 grams of Mg(CIO3)2
The number of moles which are in 559 grams of Mg(CIO3)2 is 2.92mol.
What is Mole?This is referred to as the unit of the quantity amount of substance and is also defined as a measure of how many elementary entities of a given substance are in an object or sample.
The formula is mole = mass/molar mass.
Mg(CIO3)2 has a molar mass of 191.20g/mol
Mole = 599/191.20 = 2.92mol.
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6b. Identify the quantum numbers for the very last electron in Cadmium (Cd).
n=
1=
mi =
ms=
The quantum numbers for the very last electron in Cadmium (Cd) atom is (5, 0, 0, ±¹/₂) for the four quantum numbers.
What are quantum numbers?Quantum numbers are the set of numbers used to express the location and energy of an electron in an atom.
There are four quantum numbers used to describe the location and energy of an electron in an atom, and they are:
Principal quantum number, nazimuthal quantum number, lmagnetic quantum number, mi andspin quantum numbers, msThe electronic configuration of cadmium is [Kr]4d¹⁰5s².
Hence, cadmium belongs to period 5 of the periodic table, and the last electron occupies the 5s orbital.
The l value of the s orbital is 0, and mi is 0 as well.
The value of ms is ±¹/₂.
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Help with beers law please I will rate brainliest
Answer:
Beer's law (sometimes called the Beer-Lambert law) states that the absorbance is proportional to the path length, b, through the sample and the concentration of the absorbing species, c: A α b · c. The proportionality constant is sometimes given the symbol a, giving Beer's law an alphabetic look: A = a · b · c.
Explanation:
I found some useful info for you. Hope it helps! Great to be of service to you! ⚔
two different ionic compounds each contain only copper and chlorine. both compounds are powders, one white and one brown. an elemental analysis is performed on each powder. which of the following questions about the compounds is most likely to be answered by the results of the analysis?
The question about compounds that is most likely to be answered by the analysis is a) what is the formula unit of each compound?
The elemental analysis of two different ionic compounds, both of which contain only copper and chlorine, can be used to determine the formula unit of each compound.
An ionic compound is a type of chemical bond formed by the attraction between ions with opposite charges. In this case, the two different ionic compounds, which are powders, one white and one brown, contain only copper and chlorine ions.
The elemental analysis will help to determine the ratio between the copper and chlorine ions in the compound, which in turn will give the formula unit for each compound.
By conducting an elemental analysis on the two powders, one can answer the question of what the formula unit of each compound is. Hence, option a is correct.
This is because an elemental analysis can determine the elements present in a given compound, as well as the ratio between them. Knowing the elements present in a compound and their ratio allows us to determine the formula unit of the compound.
Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:
Two different ionic compounds each contain only copper and chlorine. both compounds are powders, one white and one brown. An elemental analysis is performed on each powder. Which of the following questions about the compounds is most likely to be answered by the results of the analysis?
a) what is the formula unit of each compound?
b) what is the molecular mass of each compound?
c) What is ratio or each compound?
d) none of the above
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The flask contains 25 mL of an unknown diprotic acid aqueous solution that reacts in a 1:2 stochiometric ratio with NaOH. Titrate the solution with NaOH to determine the concentration of the acid.
The concentration of the acid (the analyte) is determined using the formula below:
Ca = * Cb * Vb / 2* VaWhat is a titration?
Titration is a method of quantitative chemical analysis used to determine the concentration of an unknown substance known as the analyte.
Titrants are created as standard solutions with established concentrations and volumes as reagents. To ascertain the concentration of an analyte, the titrant reacts with an analyte solution. The titration volume is the amount of titrant that interacted with the analyte.
The concentration of the acid (the analyte) is determined using the formula given below as follows:
Ca = * Cb * Vb / 2* Va
where;
Ca is the concentration of the acidCb is the concentration of the baseVb is the volume of the baseVa is the volume of the acid.Learn more about titration at: https://brainly.com/question/186765
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02 Question (6 points) 1st attempt IH See Periodic Table Name and define the four quantum numbers that identify the highest energy electron in a francium; Fr, atomic orbital; Symbol Value Principal quantum number Ancular momentum quantum number Magnetic quantum number Spin magnetic quantum number
The four quantum numbers that identify the highest energy electron in a francium, fr, atomic orbital are n, ℓ, m, and s.
Which four quantum numbers are there?The energy levels of an atom are connected by a set of quantum numbers. The entire and singular quantum state of a single electron in an atom, also known as its wave function or orbital, is described and explained by the four quantum numbers, n, l, m, and s. Accordingly, the four quantum numbers are n, l, m, and s.
The quantum number is used to define the location of electrons, and an orbital is a place inside the atom where an electron can be found. The quantum number of the shell orbitals of an atom depends on the number of electron shells it contains.
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How many moles of NaCl are there in 40.3 g of sodium chloride?
Please answer all the questions in the picture below
Thank you
Answer:
58.44277 gram
Explanation:
Answer the following questions about the proton. Location in atom In the nucleus Charge elementary charge Approximate Mass 1.0073 amu Evaluate At least one answer is incorrect
The location in atom : In the nucleus
The Charge : + 1 elementary charge
The Approximate Mass = 1.0073 amu
The nucleus of an atom contains the protons, electrons and the neutrons. The Protons are the positively charged species, the electrons are negatively charged species and the neutrons have no charge means it is neutral. For the neutral atom the number of the protons is equals to the number of the electrons. The approximate mass of the proton is 1.0073 amu.
Thus, The Protons location is inside nucleus of an atom , the proton has the elementary charge of + 1. The approx mass is the 1.0073 amu.
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5. Explain the reactivity of the the elements in 2 groups of the periodic table
The reactivity of the elements in group 2 would increase down the group.
What is the reactivity?We have to note that when we are talking about the reactivity of the elements we are looking at how easiliy the elements are able to engage in the process of chemical combination.
For the group two elements, they are highly reactive but not as reactive as the elements that we can find in group 1. The reactivity of the element is that are in group 2 would increase as we move down the group of the elements.
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How many kinds of chemically non-equivalent hydrogens are there in each of the following compounds? 3-Chlorocyclopentene The number of chemically non-equivalent hydrogens is ____
The number of chemically non-equivalent hydrogen is ____
There are three chemically non-equivalent hydrogens present in 3-chlorocyclopentene.
Non-equivalent hydrogens are groups which have the property of distinctive synthetic movements. We will find the same number of signs in an NMR spectrum along its lines due to the non-equivalent hydrogens.
These non-equivalent hydrogens can be determined by finding out whether a molecule is symmetric or not at first.
In the molecular structure of 3-chlorocyclopentene, chlorine is attached to the third position of the cyclopentene ring. There are four hydrogen atoms attached to the cyclopentene ring, and out of these four hydrogen atoms, three hydrogen atoms have different environments, so there are three chemically non-equivalent hydrogens in its structure.
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2Cl2 + O2 → 2Cl2O
How many of each type of bond are present in the reactants?
How many of each type of bond are present in the product?
Use the Bond Energy Table to find the total change in bond energy. (187 kJ/mol)
Is this reaction endothermic or exothermic? How do you know?
Answer:
endothermic reaction; need more info on the reactants to answer the other questions
Explanation:
Given the change in bond energy of 187 kJ/mol, you can determine whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic. If the bond energy is positive, the reaction is endothermic, meaning it absorbs energy. If the bond energy is negative, the reaction is exothermic, meaning it releases energy. In this case, the bond energy is positive so it's an endothermic reaction.
Consider the reactant shown. Select all statements that correctly describe the reduction of this compound.
Reduction is an activity to reduce something. In chemistry there is also a reduction reaction that is related to the oxygen content of a substance.
When a reduction reaction occurs, the substance will experience an increase in electrons, making it more negative. The following are examples of reduction reactions that occur in everyday life:
Iron Ore ExtractionIn the extraction of iron oxide (iron ore) is reduced to remove the oxygen in it. This is done to obtain pure iron (Fe) with the help of carbon monoxide (CO) as a reducing agent.
Copper refining reactionCopper purification reaction using a voltaic cell. Where Cu2+ ions will undergo a reduction reaction with a reducing agent in the form of magnesium to produce a precipitate of pure copper (Cu). From the reaction it can be seen that Cu has increased by 2 electrons so that its charge becomes neutral.
Reaction of copper (II) oxide and magnesiumAccording to Chemical Equations, this reaction is a reaction between magnesium (Mg) powder and black copper (II) oxide (CuO) powder to produce pure copper (Cu) and white magnesium oxide (MgO) powder.
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When converting between metric units, use the prefixes to help you determine the magnitude of a value. The prefix k indicates kilo, 1000g = 1kg.
A 25.0 kg iron weightlifting plate has a volume of 3180 cm^3 . What is the density of the iron plate in g/cm^3?
Express your answer in grams per cubic centimeter to three significant figures.
The density of the iron plate in g/cm³, given that it has a mass of 25.0 Kg and a volume of 3180 cm³ is 7.86 g/cm³
How do I determine the density of the iron plate?The density of a material is defined as the mass of the material per unit volume of the material. This is written as:
Density = mass / volume
Using the above formula, we can obtain the density of the iron plate as illustrated below:
Mass of iron plate = 25 Kg = 25 × 1000 = 25000 gVolume of iron plate = 3180 cm³Density of iron plate = ?Density = mass / volume
Density of iron plate = 25000 / 3180
Density of iron plate = 7.86 g/cm³
Thus, from the above calculation, we can conclude that the density of the iron plate is 7.86 g/cm³
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Determine the [OH−] , pH, and pOH of a solution with a [H+] of 0.0078 M at 25 °C. Determine the [H+] , pH, and pOH of a solution with an [OH−] of 0.0011 M at 25 °C. Determine the [H+] , [OH−] , and pOH of a solution with a pH of 7.77 at 25 °C. Determine the [H+] , [OH−] , and pH of a solution with a pOH of 2.15 at 25 °C.
a) The pH of the solution is 2.11
b) The pH of the solution is 2.96
c) The [H+] of the solution is 1.69 * 10^-8
d) The [OH−] of the solution is 7.1 * 10^-3
What is the pH?What we call the pH of the solution is the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration of the solution. In this case, we have been asked to obtain the pH of the solution at different points.
a) pH = -log (0.0078 )
= 2.11
pOH = 14 - 2.11 = 11.89
[OH−] = Antilog (-11.89)
= 1.3 * 10^-12
b) pH = -log (0.0011)
= 2.96
pOH = 14 - 2.96
= 11.04
[OH−] = Antilog (-11.04)
= 9.1 * 10^-12
c) [H+] = Antilog (-7.77)
= 1.69 * 10^-8
[OH−] = 1 * 10^-14/1.69 * 10^-8
= 5.9 * 10^-7
pOH = -log( 5.9 * 10^-7)
= 6.22
d) [OH−] = Antilog (-2.15)
= 7.1 * 10^-3
[H+] = 1 * 10^-14/ 7.1 * 10^-3
= 1.41 * 10^-12
pH = -log( 1.41 * 10^-12)
= 10.9
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which of the following will not interfere with the reagent strip test for leukocytes? group of answer choices formaldehyde nitrite
Ascorbic acid will not interfere with the reagent strip test for leukocytes.
What is ascorbic acid?Ascorbic acid, often known as vitamin C, is an organic molecule that occurs naturally. It is a water-soluble vitamin that is necessary for the immune system to operate properly, for the skin to produce collagen, and for the body to absorb iron.
Why ascorbic acid does not interfere with reagent strip test for leukocytes?Because ascorbic acid cannot be detected by the test. Leukocyte reagent strip tests often involve the use of a particular chemical reagent, such as nitrofurantoin or esculin, which reacts with the enzymes contained in leukocytes to generate a noticeable color shift.
Ascorbic acid does not react with the reagent used in the test because it does not share the same chemical characteristics as leukocytes.
Which of the following factors will not interfere with the reagent strip test for leukocytes?
A) ascorbic acid
B) formaldehyde
C) nitrite
D) urinary protein level of 500 mg/dL
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for the following chair conformations of 1,3-dibromocyclohexane, determine the orientations of the two substituents, and determine if the conformation is cis or trans.
The way the bonds are built will determine how they are oriented. Additionally, the relative orientation of bonds affects conformation. Dibromocyclohexane is used to study the conformation.
How can you tell whether a molecule is chiral or not?Having a few very notable exceptions, the general rule is that molecules with at least one stereocenter are chiral, while molecules with no stereocenters are achiral. In most circumstances, an easiest approach to determine whether a molecule is chiral or achiral is to seek for one or even more stereocenters.
What does cis in cyclohexane refer to?Two substituent groups inside the same plane are regarded to be the cis isomer of cyclohexane (either equatorial or axial). Cis-1-methyl-4-hydroxymethyl cyclohexane is cyclohexane with a methyl group in the axial plane (-CH3)also the hydroxyl group (-OH).
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The equilibrium constant for the reaction represented by the equation below is greater than 1.0. Which of the following gives the correct relative strengths of the acids and bases in the reaction?H2PO4− + HBO32− ⇄ HPO42− + H2BO3−Acids BasesA.H2PO4− > H2BO3− and HBO32− > HPO42− B.H2BO3− > H2PO4− and HBO32¯ > HPO42− C.H2PO4− > H2BO3− and HPO42− > HBO32− D.H2BO3− > H2PO4− and HPO42− > HBO32− E.H2PO4− = H2BO3− and HPO42− = HBO32−
Giving the right relative importance of the bases and acids used in the reaction is H2PO4 > H2BO3 and HBO32 > HPO42.
What are acids, exactly?A chemical that produces salts and release hydronium ions into water when it reacts with any of these metals. Acids have one sour taste and give some colours a reddish tint. Chemicals taste acidic whenever dissolved in water and conduct electricity, and combine with metals to produce oxygen and hydrogen. Litmus is one indicator compound that can be used to identify acids. Acids cause the blue litmus material to turn red. One type of acid is sodium hydroxide.
Which one has the strongest acid?For example, pure sulfuric acid has a shocking pH of -12 while nitric acid has a pH of 1.08 and bleach has a pH of 1.6. So, the strongest "regular" acid you will encounter is weakly acidic.
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which properties of a material are affected by a bonding type
[tex]\huge\underline{\red{A}\green{n}\blue{s}\purple{w}\pink{e}\orange{r} -»}[/tex]
Hardness, melting and boiling points, solubility, and conductivity.Explanation:
Hope it helps you~Why do elements not have a numerical value for standard heats of formation and Free energies of formation but do have a numerical value for standard molar entropies?
Because it takes no energy to generate a naturally occurring compound, the enthalpy of formation for an element in its elemental state will always be 0.
What do you mean by formation standard free energies?The free energy shift that happens when 1 mole of a material is created from its component elements in their standard states is referred to as the standard free energy of formation. The standard free energy of production of a pure element in its standard state is zero.
The distinction between Gibbs free energy and standard free energy is that the former is dependent on the experimental circumstances, whilst the latter describes the Gibbs free energy for reactants and products in their standard state.
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How many grams of KCiO3 are needed to make 186.2mol of KCi
Answer:
64.2 L
Explanation:
In order to be able to calculate the volume of oxygen gas produced by this reaction, you need to know the conditions for pressure and temperature.
Since no mention of those conditions was made, I'll assume that the reaction takes place at STP, Standard Temperature, and Pressure.
Under these conditions for pressure and temperature, one mole of any ideal gas occupies 22.7 L
- this is known as the molar volume of a gas at STP.
So, in order to find the volume of oxygen gas at STP, you need to know how many moles of oxygen are produced by this reaction.
The balanced chemical equation for this decomposition reaction looks like this:
2KClO3(s] −−−→2KCl(s]+3O2(g]↑
Notice that you have a 2/3 mole ratio between potassium chlorate and oxygen gas. This tells you that the reaction will always produce 3/2 times more moles of oxygen gas than the number of moles of potassium chlorate that underwent decomposition.
Use potassium chlorate's molar mass to determine how many moles you have in that 231-g sample.
231g ⋅ 1 mole KClO3/ 122.55g = 1.885 moles KClO3
Use the aforementioned mole ratio to determine how many moles of oxygen would be produced from this many moles of potassium chlorate
1.885 moles KClO3 ⋅ 3 moles O2/2 moles KClO3 = 2.8275 moles O2
So, what volume would this many moles occupy at STP?
2.8275 moles ⋅ 22.7 L/ 1mol = 64.2 L
This was alotta info but i hope it helped
How many carbon atoms are in the following compound: Barium Carbonate?
The chemical compound Barium Carbonate (BaCO3) is composed of one Barium atom (Ba), one Carbon atom (C) and three Oxygen atoms (O3). Therefore, the number of carbon atoms in Barium Carbonate is 1.
The compound Barium Carbonate has 1 carbon atom.
The chemical formula for Barium Carbonate is BaCO3, which means it contains 1 atom of Barium (Ba), 1 atom of Carbon (C), and 3 atoms of Oxygen (O). Therefore, the compound Barium Carbonate has 1 carbon atom.
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WILL MAKE BRAINLIEST!! Show steps!
1.) A chemist needs to prepare 4.00 L of a 0.50 M solution of potassium permanganate (KMnO4). What mass of KMnO4 does she need to make the solution? This problem is similar to Sample Problem 16.3.
Show your work (4 Points) (Answer: 316.08 g)
2.) What volume of a 1.50 M solution of KCl needs to be diluted in order to prepare 2.40 L of a 0.0750 M solution? This problem is similar to Sample Problem 16.4. Show your work. (4Points) (Answer: 0.12 L)
3.) Determine the molality of a solution prepared by dissolving 20 g of sodium chloride (NaCl) in 150. g of water. This problem is similar to Sample Problem 16.5. Show your work. (4 Points) (Answer: 2.3 mol/Kg)
1.) Chemist needs 79.02 g of KMnO4 to make 4.00 L of a 0.50 M solution. 2.) You will need to use 0.12 L of 1.50 M solution to make 2.40 L of 0.0750 M solution. 3.) Solution has a molality of 0.00229 mol/kg.
What is molality?Molality is defined as a measure of number of moles of solute in a solution corresponding to 1 kg or 1000 g of solvent.
1.) As, mass = moles x molar mass
Molar mass of KMnO4 is 158.03 g/mol
So, mass = 0.50 mol x 158.03 g/mol = 79.02 g
Therefore, the chemist needs 79.02 g of KMnO4 to make 4.00 L of a 0.50 M solution.
2.)As , C1V1 = C2V2
Here C1 is initial concentration, V1 is initial volume, C2 is final concentration and V2 is the final volume.
1.50 M x V1 = 0.0750 M x 2.40 L
Now, V1 = (0.0750 M x 2.40 L) / 1.50 M
So, V1 = 0.12 L
You will need to use 0.12 L of the 1.50 M solution to make 2.40 L of the 0.0750 M solution.
3.) Formula for molality is: m = (moles of solute) / (kg of solvent)
As, moles = (mass of solute) / (molar mass of solute)
= (20 g) / (58.44 g/mol) = 0.344 mol
m = (0.344 mol) / (150 g / 1000 g/kg) = 0.00229 mol/kg
So, the solution has a molality of 0.00229 mol/kg.
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What is the formula for iron(II) phosphide?
(Fe2P)
The formula for iron(II) phosphide is Fe₂P.
What is a Chemical formula?This is a term used in chemistry which is used to identify each constituent element by its chemical symbol and indicates the proportionate number of atoms of each element.
In this scenario, the chemical compound of iron and phosphorus, with a formula of Fe₂P and it has a physical appearance is grey, hexagonal needles which is formed from the reaction between the elements Iron and phosphorus at an elevated or high temperature and the product which is formed is a phosphorylated molecule thereby making it the most correct choice.
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An atom of nitrogen has 7 protons, 7 electrons, and 7 neutrons. What is the atomic mass of the nitrogen atom?
Answer:
Explanation:
The atomic mass of the nitrogen atom is 14
A sample of gold has a mass of 23.82
The volume of the gold sample, given the theoretical density and the mass, is 1.23 ml
How to find the volume ?When given the theoretical density of a gold sample and the mass, you can use the formula for density to find the volume of the gold sample.
The volume for density is:
Density = Mass / Volume
Mass = 23. 82 g
Density = 19. 30 g / ml
The volume is:
19.30 = 23 .82 / Volume
Volume x 19. 30 = 23. 82
Volume = 23. 82 / 19. 30
= 1.23 ml
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The full question is:
A sample of gold has a mass of 23.82 g, given that the theoretical density is 19.30 g/ml, what is the volume of the gold sample?