1. RuBisCO starts the process of carbon fixation by attaching a carbon from carbon dioxide to RuBP, causing PGA molecule to be formed.
2. 12 molecules of PGA use the energy from ATP and NADPH to rearrange and form 12 molecules of Glucose.
3. ATP provides the energy needed to rearrange 10 molecules of PGAL into 6 molecules of RuBP.
4. During one "turn" of the Calvin–Benson cycle, One carbon dioxide molecules are taken in, and a molecule of glucose is created. Six carbon atoms are in that molecule of glucose.
Calvin–Benson cycle- The C3 cycle is another name for the Calvin cycle. The carbon from the carbon cycle gets fixed into sugars via a chain of chemical reactions. It takes place in the plant cell's chloroplast.
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What is a radioactive isotope?
OA) an isotope with an electric charge
OB) an atom whose nucleus is unstable and emits particles and energy
OC) an ion with a differing number of neutrons
OD) an element that emits radiowaves
B. An atom whose nucleus is unstable and emits particles and and energy. This is a Radioactive isotope.
The atomic nuclei of constituent atoms of the same element include the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. Radio isotopes are an element's radioactive isotopes. They can alternatively be described as atoms with an excess of energy in their nucleus or atoms with an unstable ratio of neutrons to protons. A radioisotope's unstable nucleus can form either spontaneously or as a result of a deliberate alteration of the atom. Radioisotope production can occur using either a cyclotron or a nuclear reactor. Molybdenum-99, which has a high neutron content, can be produced most effectively in nuclear reactors, whereas fluorine-18, which has a high proton content, can be produced most effectively in cyclotrons. Uranium is the most well-known illustration of a radioisotope that is found naturally. Uranium-238 constitutes all naturally occurring uranium with the exception of 0.7%.
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a scientist is researching a newly discovered animal. the scientist finds that the animal reproduces quickly and has many offspring each time it reproduces. which type of organism is it?
The type of organism is r-strategists include insects, mice, and bacteria, Therefore, the newly discovered animal
r-strategists are those who thrive in predictable environments but compete for high-quality resources whereas r-strategists are those who tolerate unpredictable conditions by using a wide variety of resourcesr-strategists is typically reproduce once, but greater allocation to reproduction than growth results in large numbers of offspring r-strategists reproduce more than once but greater allocation to growth than reproduction results in fewer offspringr-strategists have short life span, density-independent mortality, typical of a type III survivorship curve r-strategists have long life span, density-dependent mortality, typical of a type I or II survivorship curveTo know more about r-strategist visit : https://brainly.com/question/12538368
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Please come up with a hypothesis based on what you think the effect of gender will be on post-activity heart rates.
A hypothesis based on what you think the effect of gender will be on post-activity heart females have a higher heart rate than men.
The heart's reaction to cardiac illness as well as normal cardiac physiology are both significantly influenced by biological sex. In the face of cardiac disease, women typically have superior cardiac function and survival than men do; however, this advantage gradually diminishes when postmenopausal women are contrasted with age-matched males. Heart disease in animals is similar to what occurs in people. Sex hormones play a crucial role in the sex-based variation in heart function and disease outcome. While testosterone is thought to be harmful to heart health, oestrogen is thought to be cardioprotective.To learn more about heart rate.
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In human populations of northern European origin, the disorder called hemochromatosis causes excess iron uptake from food and affects one in 200 adults. Among adults, men are ten times as likely as women to suffer from iron overload. Taking into account the existence of a menstrual cycle in humans, devise a hypothesis that explains this difference.
Men do not eliminate iron as frequently as women do, resulting in a high rate of iron overload.
As a result, the menstrual cycle in women allows them to lose iron through bleeding caused by uterine lining shredding, lowering their risks of getting iron excess.
What causes hemochromatosis?Haemochromatosis is caused by a defective gene that is handed down from parents to children. The majority of instances are caused by a mutation in the HFE gene, which reduces your capacity to absorb iron from diet. Normally, your body maintains a constant iron level.
Hereditary hemochromatosis is caused by a gene mutation that regulates the amount of iron your body receives from diet.
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Spiders, ticks, horseshoe crabs, and scorpions all have a pair of claw-like appendages near their mouths used for feeding, defense, movement, and/or sensory reception. What are these appendages called?.
'Spiders, ticks, horseshoe crabs, and scorpions all have a pair of claw-like appendages near their mouths used for feeding, defense, movement, and/or sensory reception. These appendages are called chelicerae.
Spiders, ticks, horseshoe crabs, and many arthropods have claw-like appendages called Chelicerae which are used for feeding, defense, and movements. These jointed appendages are present near the mouth of some arthropods including spiders, ticks, and horseshoe crabs. The arthropods due to the presence of these chelicerae are known as the Chelicerata.
The chelicerae appendage consists of a base segment which is called the "paturon", which has the ability to articulate with the cephalothorax and a fang portion that can articulate with the base segment as well. Almost all spiders have the presence of venom glands and are able to inject the venom through openings that are present near the tips of their respective fangs when they are biting prey.
They are also considered to be mouthparts of the arthropod group that includes many varieties of arthropods. They are commonly referred to as "jaws” and may be shaped as either articulated types of fangs or the one that is similar to pincers.
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For which of the following is the number the same in human males and females? a. interruptions in meiotic divisions b. functional gametes produced by meiosis c. meiotic divisions required to produce each gamete d. different cell types produced by meiosis
The answer is functional gametes produced by meiosis.
What is meiosis?
In eukaryotic, sexually reproducing organisms, a process known as meiosis is used to reduce the number of chromosomes in a cell prior to reproduction. These cells are packaged into gametes by numerous species, including eggs and sperm. During reproduction, the gametes may then collide and meld to form a new zygote. The union of two gametes will result in a zygote with the same number of alleles as the parents because the number of alleles was decreased during meiosis. This consists of two copies of each gene in diploid organisms.
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the brown-headed cowbird puts its eggs in other birds’ nests. this is an example of a reflex. the brown-headed cowbird puts its eggs in other birds’ nests. this is an example of a reflex. true false
The eggs of the brown-headed cowbird are laid in other birds' nests. This serves as an example of a modal action pattern.
A MAP (Modal Action Pattern) is precisely what?
A series of behaviors that are triggered by a certain stimulus and share a genetic similarity is known as a modal action pattern. Modal action patterns are also known as fixed action patterns (FAP). According to Phung, some researchers are abandoning the term "fixed action pattern" in favor of the more flexible "modal action pattern" in order to emphasize the fact that all activities, even the most stereotyped, species-specific patterns of behavior, nonetheless display some degree of flexibility.
Examples of MAPs and FAPs include many species' mating rituals, particular aggressive behaviors, some dog breeds' pointing and herding impulses, the building of spider webs, and the act of a young bird biting an adult bird's beak to induce the older bird to vomit food. A MAP that exemplifies how adaptable these kinds of behaviors are is the activity of a bird building a nest. Birds are able to build nests "intuitively." Most people aren't aware, though, of how adaptive this behavior still is and how a bird's ability to build a nest improves through time and with practice.
So, a modal action pattern is the appropriate response.
Become familiar with the brown-headed cowbird.
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What organism is always found at the base of the food chain?
Answer:
Plants are always at the base of the food chain.
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Each molecule of ammonia (nh3) is made up of one nitrogen atom and three hydrogen atoms. which term best describes ammonia?(1 point) compound compound heterogeneous mixture heterogeneous mixture homogeneous mixture homogeneous mixture element element
Each molecule of ammonia (NH₃) is made up of one nitrogen atom and three hydrogen atoms. The term that best describes ammonia is: compound.
Ammonia is an inorganic molecule with a sharp pungent smell. It occurs in the gaseous state. However, it can be easily liquified when pressure is exerted. It is soluble in water. The molecule can be dangerous when comes to skin contact as it can cause blisters and burns.
Compound is a substance that is formed by the combination of two or more elements combined together in certain ratios. These elements join together by the covalent bonds due to the sharing of electrons between them.
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Which of the following are an example of a polysaccharide?
The following are examples of polysaccharide options (a) starch, option(b) chitin and option(d) cellulose.
Carbohydrates called polysaccharides can either be hydrolyzed back into two or more monosaccharides or are composed of more than two monosaccharides.
These crucial biological polymers function in organisms as storage or structural polymers. Glucose monomers make up the storage polysaccharide in plants known as starch. Two structural polymers that give plants support are chitin and cellulose.
The most prevalent type of carbohydrates in food are polysaccharides, often known as polycarbohydrates. They are long-chain polymeric carbohydrates made up of glycosidic connections that connect monosaccharide units. Using amylase enzymes as a catalyst, this carbohydrate can combine with water to create its constituent sugars.
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ADH and epinephrine act as hormones when released into the bloodstream and as neurotransmitters when released in synapses between neurons. What is similar about the endocrine glands that produce these two molecules?
Similar about the endocrine glands that produce these two molecules
Fusion of neural and non-neural tissue results in the formation of the pituitary and adrenal glands.
The neurotransmitter effects region of the pituitary gland secretes ADH, and the neurosecretory region of the adrenal gland secretes epinephrine.
By contrasting neurotransmitter effects with those of another class of chemical signals—the hormones generated by the endocrine system—we can better understand the unique properties of neurotransmitters. Target cells affected by hormones are often located far from the hormone-secreting cell. In order to accomplish this "activity at a distance," hormones are released into the bloodstream. Neurotransmitters, however, always act over a considerably smaller area. Transmitters work over distances of less than a micron at numerous synapses when they bind exclusively to receptors on the postsynaptic cell that directly supports the presynaptic terminal.
Other synapses have local neurotransmitter diffusion that modifies the electrical characteristics of several postsynaptic (and occasionally presynaptic) cells close to the presynaptic release sites.
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In humans, sperm and egg cells are haploid, meaning they contain a total of 23 unpaired chromosomes. the other cells in the body are?
In humans, sperm and egg cells are haploid, meaning they contain a total of 23 unpaired chromosomes. The other cells in the body are diploid.
This is due to the fact that each of our chromosomes is paired up, with one chromosome from each pair coming from each biological parent. Every human cell in the body has 23 pairs of these chromosomes, making our diploid number 46 and our 'haploid' number 23.The male reproductive cell, or gamete, is the sperm. The word "gamete" suggests that the cell is only one half of an entity. A human embryo is created when a sperm and a female gamete, or egg, join. When an organism's cells only have one set of chromosomes, the organism is said to be haploid. All organisms that reproduce sexually are diploid.To learn more about sperm.
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which of the following cellular components is considered an endotoxin that is harmless as long as the pathogen remains intact but when released by a lysed cell overstimulates host defenses, which may result in a lethal endotoxic shock?
Lipopolysaccharides is the cellular components which is considered an endotoxin that is harmless as long as the pathogen that remains intact but when they released by a lysed cell overstimulates the host defenses, which may result in the lethal endotoxic shock
A widespread of the infection causing the organ failure and they dangerously low blood pressure. the endotoxic shock is a life-threatening condition caused by the severe localised or system-wide infection that is requires immediate medical attention. the Symptoms include the low blood pressure, the pale and the cool arms and legs, chills, difficulty breathing and the decreased urine output. the Mental confusion and the disorientation may also develop quickly. Emergency treatment may also include the supplemental oxygen, intravenous fluids, and the antibiotics and other medications.
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The pancreas, an organ present in some animals, produces enzymes used elsewhere in the animals’ digestive systems. Describe the type of cell structure(s) that might produce these enzymes
Answer: Rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus
Explanation: The organelles responsible for producing enzymes in the pancreas are the rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. Pancreas have an increased number of these organelles, compared than other cells. The reason why they have more rough ER and Golgi apparatus is because these organelles are making, sorting and packaging large amounts of enzymes in the form of proteins. These enzymes are secreted by the pancreas to aid in the digestion.
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is a car a living or non living thing? Explain why
Answer: non living
Explanation:
because it's not alive
The FitnessGram PACER Test is a multistage aerobic capacity test that progressively gets more difficult as it continues.
The test is used to measure a student's aerobic capacity as part of the FitnessGram assessment. Students run back and forth as many times as they can, each lap signaled by a beep sound. The test get progressively faster as it continues until the student reaches their max lap score.
The PACER Test score is combined in the FitnessGram software with scores for muscular strength, endurance, flexibility and body composition to determine whether a student is in the Healthy Fitness Zone™ or the Needs Improvement Zone™.
Which of the following sequences correctly represents the flow of electrons during photosynthesis? a. NADPH → O₂ → CO₂ b. H₂O → NADPH → Calvin cycle c. H₂O → photosystem I → photosystem II d. NADPH → electron transport chain → O₂
Answer:
H²O
Explanation:
because during photosynthesis we need water
ond water can contain many types of organisms. which of the following are you most likely to find in a pond water sample?
We are most likely to find protozoa in a pond water sample.
Simple, single-celled organisms known as microorganisms are widespread across the planet. They are mostly made up of fungus, bacteria, protozoa, and members of the plant kingdom. They can only be seen under a microscope as a result. A drop of pond water typically contains thousands of these single-celled organisms.
Pond water typically contains a variety of microorganisms. The bio-film that covers sediments and other hard surfaces is made up of protozoa. They can travel from one place to another thanks to their mobility and capacity to rely less on the flow of water. Amoebas, paramecium, and a handful of ciliates are some of the protozoa that are most frequently found in pond water.
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Develop a hypothesis to explain the difference between glucose uptake in red blood cells from 1 S-day-old and 1-month-old guinea pigs. (Think about how glucose gets into cells.)
The hypothesis that explains the difference between glucose uptake in red blood cells from 1 5-day-old and 1-month-old guinea pigs is the Red blood cells are the type of cells created in the body's bone marrow and contain one of the essential pigments called hemoglobin, which carries the respiratory gases throughout the body.
Red blood cells are known to possess glucose transporters or GLUT. GLUT 1 is the most important type of transporter channel that can be controlled by the levels of ATP and AMP in the cells.
It is observed that glucose absorption increases with an increase in the incubation period. The incubation period is when cells have been kept in contact with the radioactive glucose. There is a surge in the absorption in starting, and slowly there was a steady increase with the time.
finally It is observed that 15-day-old guinea pig cells absorb more radioactive glucose as it is always higher in the graph and represented by the red dots. It is almost double the glucose absorption in the case of 1-month-old guinea pig's cells.
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One or more atoms make up a(n) ____________ and are exemplified by groups of macromolecules known as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
One or more atoms make up a molecule and are exemplified by groups of macromolecules known as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
A molecule is formed by the combination or two or more than two atoms. The atoms can be of same type or they may be different. The atoms join together by bonds called covalent bonds that are formed by the sharing of electrons between them. The example of molecule is O₂, CO₂, etc.
Proteins are the polymers of amino acids. These are the most essential component of food required for body-building and repair. The protein can serve various roles like: structural, catalytic, transporters, etc.
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in garden peas, the allele for tall plants is completely dominant to the allele for dwarf plants and the allele for violet flower color is completely dominant to the allele for white flower color. the genes controlling each trait are on different chromosomes and are independently assorting. you cross a dwarf, white plant with tall, violet plant that is homozygous at the tall locus and heterozygous at the flower color loc
When you cross a dwarf, white plant with tall, violet plant that is homozygous at the tall locus and heterozygous at the flower color Phenotypic ratio would be 1 : 1 : 1 : 1.
What are allele ?According to leading textbooks on genetics and evolution, an allele is a variant of the same sequence of nucleotides at the same location on a lengthy DNA molecule. "A locus is the chromosomal or genomic site of a gene or other genetic element, and alleles are variant DNA sequences at a locus.
Flower color alleles in pea plants include the dominant purple allele and the recessive white allele; height alleles include the dominant tall allele and the recessive short allele; and pea color alleles include the dominant yellow allele and the recessive green allele.
Why is it called allele?The term "allele" is a short form of allelomorph, which was first used in genetics to describe various variants of a gene that were found as diverse phenotypes.
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How does an open parachute slow a skydiver’s fall?(1 point)
The parachute increases the force opposing gravity.
The parachute increases the force opposing gravity.
The parachute changes the mass of the skydiver.
The parachute changes the mass of the skydiver.
The parachute pulls the skydiver up.
The parachute pulls the skydiver up.
The parachute weakens the force of gravity.
The parachute weakens the force of gravity.
Answer:
C.
Explanation:
Gravity applies in the same way to all objects. A and B are not correct since all objects fall at the same velocity independent of other factors. Since there is no air, D cannot be correct.
What proportion of the solar energy that reaches the marsh is incorporated into gross primary production? Into net primary production? (A proportion is the same as a percentage divided by 100. Both measures are useful for comparing relative efficiencies across different ecosystems.)
Incorporating 5.8% of solar energy into gross primary production.
The amount of energy transferred from one trophic level to the next is referred to as ecological efficiency. Autotrophic organisms in an ecosystem convert solar energy into organic energy. Thermodynamics states that there is no perfect producer or consumer of energy. This indicates that there is a small amount of energy missing from one trophic level to the next.
Only 10% of the energy in the ecosystem gets moved from one trophic level to the next, and the production ratio varies throughout ecosystems. For instance, grassland produces more gross output than an aquatic system.
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PLSSS ANSWER QUICKLY LOTS OF POINTS IF WRONG WILL BE REPORTED
In humans the kidneys control the amount of water, salts and other solutes leaving the body by sieving blood through their millions of twisted tubules. When a person drinks too much water in a short period of time, the kidneys cannot flush it out fast enough and the blood becomes waterlogged. Drawn to regions where the concentration of salt and other dissolved substances is higher, excess water leaves the blood and ultimately enters the cells, which swell like balloons to accommodate it.”
How could the process of osmosis explain this phenomenon? Support your answer with evidence from the text above.
Type your answer in the space below
The process of osmosis is used to explain the phenomenon of water and electrolyte control due to the presence of semipermeable membrane of the nephrons.
What is a kidney?A kidney is the major organ of the urinary system which is double in mammals and are located at the abdomen as a retroperitoneal organ.
The kidney has the following vital functions in the body:
Aids in water and electrolyte balanceAids in the elimination of metabolized drugs from the liver andIt helps in urine formation which contains nitrogenous wastes.The kidney is able to balance water and electrolyte (salts) through the nephrons which are the millions of twisted tubules found in the internal structure of the kidney.
The walls of the nephrons are lined with semipermeable membrane which allows the movement of water from the region of low solute concentration to the region of high solute concentration in the process of osmosis.
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Give an example of one biotic and one abiotic factor that contribute to yearly fluctuations in the size of the human population.
An example of a biotic factor is disease caused by a pathogen; natural disasters, where earthquakes and floods is abiotic factor that contribute to yearly fluctuations in the size of the human population.
How do biotic and abiotic factors affect population ?The presence of autotrophs, or self-sustaining creatures, such as plants, and the diversity of consumers all have an impact on an ecosystem. Abiotic variables influence organisms' ability to survive and reproduce. Abiotic limiting factors limit population increase.
How can biotic factor affect population size ?Populations. A species' population number in an ecosystem is determined by biotic and abiotic variables. The amount of food accessible to that species and the number of creatures that utilise that food source are examples of biotic variables.
How can abiotic factor affect population size ?Because of population density, some abiotic limiting constraints influence members of a group. Disease, food supply, and increased predation are examples of these factors. Diseases and parasites spread more quickly in larger groups. More people means more competition for the food that is available.
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you were being followed in the parking lot at the store. what part of the nervous system would immediately activate?
The sympathetic nervous system would immediately get activated in response to the stress.
The sympathetic nervous system is a part of the autonomic nervous system. It can be called an "automatic" nervous system. It helps your body to activate its "fight-or-flight" Response. It gets activated when you are stressed, in danger, or while doing some intense physical activities.
The effects of the sympathetic nervous system include increased heart rate, increased breathing rate, slowed down digestion, and increased eyesight. These effects improve your endurance and strength and help you get out of danger. The system releases neurotransmitters like epinephrine that produce such effects.
Sympathetic effects are kept in balance by the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system. Parasympathetic works opposite to the sympathetic system. While the sympathetic system keeps you on alert, the parasympathetic system promotes your body to relax.
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part A
A sample of gold has mass of 38.6 grams and a volume of 2 cm3 what is the density of gold?
Part B
A sample of iron has a mass of 46.8 grams and a volume of 6 cm3 what is the density of iron?
Considering the definition of density, you obtain that:
Part A: the density of gold is 19.3 g/cm³.Part B: the density of iron is 7.8 g/cm³.Definition of densityDensity is defined as the property that allows to measure the amount of mass in a certain volume of a substance.
The expression for the calculation of density is the quotient between the mass of a body and the volume it occupies:
density= mass÷ volume
It can be deduced that density is inversely proportional to volume: the smaller the volume occupied by a given mass, the higher the density.
Density in this caseIn this case, you know that:
A sample of gold has mass of 38.6 grams and a volume of 2 cm³.A sample of iron has a mass of 46.8 grams and a volume of 6 cm³.Replacing in the definition of density:
Gold: density= 38.6 g÷ 2 cm³Iron: density= 46.8 g÷ 6 cm³Solving:
Gold: density= 19.3 g/cm³Iron: density= 7.8 g/cm³In summary, the density of gold is 19.3 g/cm³ and the density of iron is 7.8 g/cm³.
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water is obtained by plants from the soil solution.the water enters by the process of
Answer: ITS osmosis process
Explanation:
Because Water enters and leaves cells through osmosis, the passive diffusion of water across a membrane. In plants, water always moves from an area of higher water potential to an area of lower water potential.In this process, the cell wall and the cell fluid act as permeable membranes and semi-permeable membranes. The concentration of the cell is more in comparison to the water. So, water enters through the roots by Osmosis Process.
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What is the role of the hypothalamus with regard to hormone release and endocrine function?
The hypothalamus produces releasing and inhibiting hormones and controls the pituitary gland.
What is the hypothalamus?Hypothalamus acts as the main link between your endocrine and neurological systems. The hypothalamus is responsible for your body's ability to maintain homeostasis, a constant state of equilibrium.
The peripheral nervous system transmits chemical signals to the hypothalamus via nerve cells in the peripheral nervous system and brain, which also responds to signals from outside your body.
Your hypothalamus' major responsibility is to react to these impulses and keep your body steady or in a state of the internal homeostasis. Similar to how your home may have a system to perfectly coordinate all operations, your hypothalamus acts as your body's "smart control" coordination center.
Therefore, the hypothalamus produces releasing and inhibiting hormones and controls the pituitary gland.
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Organophosphate pesticides work by inhibiting ace tylcholinesterase, the enzyme that breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Explain how these toxins would affect EPSPs produced by acetylcholine.
These toxins can prolong the effects of EPSPs because the neurotransmitter can be active for a longer time in the synaptic cleft.
What is organophosphate?A wide range of chemicals known as organophosphate (OP) compounds are utilized in both home and industrial settings. These are some examples of organophosphates:
Malathion, parathion, diazinon, fenthion, dichlorvos, chlorpyrifos, and ethion are insecticides.Soman, sarin, tabun, and VX are nerve gases. Echothiophate and isofluorphate are ophthalmic agents.Trichlorfon is an antihistamine. Tribufos (DEF), merphos is a herbicide. Tricresyl phosphate is an industrial chemical.Therefore, these toxins prolong the effects of EPSPs because the neurotransmitter can be active for a longer time in the synaptic cleft.
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Suppose a person had an accident that severed a small nerve required to move some of the fingers of the right hand. Would you also expect an effect on sensation from those fingers?
An accident that resulted in the severing of a small nerve for moving fingers of the right hand would result in effects on both motor control and sensation.
What are motor nerves?Motor neurons (MNs) are neuronal cells located in the central nervous system (CNS) that control a variety of downstream targets. The existence of MN subtypes that correspond to the characteristics of the targets they innervate is implied by this function. This function infers the existence of MN subtypes matching the identity of the targets they innervate.
More than 500 different skeletal muscles are found in humans, and these muscles can all coordinate precisely in time and space to produce complex movements like walking or grasping. SMEs must maintain the identity of the muscle they innervate in order to guarantee such precise coordination. Over the past 20 years, researchers from all over the world have made significant efforts to clarify several crucial stages of SpMN differentiation.
Therefore, if a nerve is severed, the effect will be seen on both motor nerves and sensory nerves.
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