Oxygen has six electrons in its outer shell. How many electrons do you predict sulfur, selenium, tellurium and polonium will have in their outer shell? Why?

In the image given, the difference in the activation energy is observed on addition of a catalyst in the same reaction.

Activation energy is the minimum initial energy needed for a reaction to start. It is denoted as [tex]E_a[/tex].

a) The difference between the reactions is that on addition of a catalyst, the activation energy is reduced to form the same product.

The similarity is that these peaks are basically the transition states where the energy is highest, and the reactant molecules are highly unstable and immediately get converted to the products.

b) Enzymes in the second reaction are the catalysts which increase the rate of the reaction and reduce the activation energy required for the reaction to happen. Not only do the enzymes reduce the activation energy, but they also introduce a multiple energy reaction pathway which must be fulfilled in order to form the products.

c) The second reaction is a multi-step reaction and occurs in a series of collisions, where each collision produces an intermediate molecule which collides further until the final product molecules are formed. Thus, each collision step has its own activation energy peak.

The original reaction has only one activation energy peak as the reactants collide once and form the products immediately thereby consuming a lot of energy.

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Answer:

Student A's Date was more precise.

Explanation: Her answers are closer together whereas student B's answers are further apart in numbers.

5 tablets must be taken by the patient each day.

In a randomized clinical experiment with nursing home residents, the effects of equal oral vitamin D3 doses of 600 IU/day, 4200 IU/week, and 18,000 IU/month on vitamin D status were compared. The most efficient dosage was a daily dose, followed by a weekly dose and a monthly dose. It is believed that vitamin D status is affected equally by equivalent daily, weekly, or monthly doses of vitamin D3. A randomized clinical experiment including nursing home residents looked at this.

we know that for 1 day we need to divide 1.25 by 0.250

so, the answer will be 5 pills per day.

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Answer: As you move down the column in the periodic table the ionic charge increases.

Explanation: This is because the effective nuclear charge (Z_sub_eff) provides a shielding constant so that the nuclear charge from the protons cannot interfere with the negative nuclear force of the electrons.

Yes, ionic charge patterns exist. Elements in the same group often share similar charges due to common valence electron configurations.

Indeed, a pattern emerges in terms of ionic charges within the periodic table. Elements within the same group (vertical columns) often exhibit similar ionic charges due to sharing common valence electron configurations.

For instance, Group 1 elements tend to form +1 cations (e.g., Na⁺, K⁺) by losing their single valence electron, while Group 2 elements form +2 cations (e.g., Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺) by losing two valence electrons. Similarly, elements in Group 17, known as halogens, commonly form -1 anions (e.g., F⁻, Cl⁻) by gaining one electron to achieve a stable electron configuration.

This recurring trend can be attributed to the desire of atoms to achieve a full valence shell, either by losing or gaining electrons, leading to predictable ionic charges within specific groups of elements.

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Answer:

2

Explanation:

Scientists engage in peer reviews to avoid bias, Science is a blend of logic and innovation and Scientific ideas are not durable and cannot adjust to change as new data is collected. The correct options are 1,2, and 7.  

Peer reviews are used by scientists to ensure objectivity and reduce prejudice in their study. To create original ideas and hypotheses, scientists need both logical reasoning and creative thinking.

As scientists frequently interact, exchange ideas, and build on one another's work, it is a complex social endeavour. Understanding and making sense of the natural world is the central tenet of science.

Finally, scientists separate their personal beliefs from empirical evidence in order to stay as objective as possible in their research.

Thus, Scientists engage in peer reviews to avoid bias, Science is a blend of logic and innovation and Scientific ideas are not durable and cannot adjust to change as new data is collected. The correct options are 1,2, and 7.  

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Answer:

air

Explanation:

a) 3.04 M

b) 11.5%

In an experiment ,25 ml of 3.7 molal of HCl, HCl solution has density of 1.20 g/ml and react with 10 g zinc to form zinc chloride and hydrogen gas was liberated.

From the above statement we have got a eqauation

Zn+2HCl → ZnCL2+H2

now from the equation , we have found that

2 moles of HCl gives 1 mole of zinc chloride

now:

a)  the molarity of HCl.

Here the density given, from it we can find the volume of HCl solution

d=m/v

v=m/d

v=36.5/1.20 = 30.4 ml

from the formula

M1V1=M2V2

here M stands for Molarity and V stands for Volume

M1=3.7M  V1 = 25ml

M2 = ?     V2 =  30.4 ml

Now put all the values in equation

M2 = M1×V1 ÷V2

M2 = 3.7×25÷30.4

M2 = 3.04 M

b) he percentage yield if 10.35 g of zinc chloride was obtained

now, from the above equation we know 2 moles of HCl gives 1 mole of zinc chloride

then,

% yield  of ZnCL2 = [tex]\frac{given mass }{molecular mass}[/tex] × 100

now puttin the values

% yield  of ZnCL2 = 10.35×100÷100.9

% yield  of ZnCL2=11.5%

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Answer:

d) law of conservation of mass

Explanation:

All molecules are not compounds. Option C.

A compound is a substance made from two or more atoms of different elements that are linked together by bonds. The bond could be an ionic, covalent, metallic, or hydrogen bond.

A molecule, on the other hand, is a group of atoms, the same or different, chemically bonded together and represents the smallest fundamental unit that can participate in chemical reactions.

Going by these two definitions, one can conclude that while all compounds are molecules, not all molecules are compounds. If the group of atoms that bond together is chemically identical, a molecule is formed but not a compound.

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Based on the information below . The atoms of the same element are Atom A and Atom C .

Atoms of same element have the same atomic number. so the number of protons and electron are same but they have different atomic masses called as Isotopes.  so, the atoms having different number of neutron will have different masses.

In the given case ,

Atom A               Atom B             Atom C

8 protons           10 protons        8 protons

8 neutrons         10 neutrons       10 neutrons

8 electrons         10 electrons      8 electrons

so, In Atom A  and Atom C , the number of protons and electrons are same but  the have different atomic masses means having different no. of neutrons. so Atom A and Atom C are the atoms of same elements.

Hence,Based on the information below . The atoms of the same element are Atom A and Atom C.

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Answer:28, 34, 85, 6.6

Explanation:

Answer:

Na+e-1=Na

Explanation:

dfh low so to homework all no lol Show

The physical and chemical properties of a compound is dependent upon its bond strength. Physical properties such as  boiling, melting point etc . increases with bond strength. Solubility decreases with increase in bond strength.

The bond strength of a molecule or compound is the measure the energy to break or form the bond. That it tells how much strong the bond is. It directly proportional to the bond order.

Boiling point of a compound is the temperature at which the compound changes from liquid to gas state. Melting point is the temperature at which a   to liquid form. All these phase changes are dependent on the electrical force within the molecules.

As the electrostatic force of attraction increases, more energy have to be applied to it to weaken the bonds and make the molecules apart. Therefore, the boiling point and melting point increases.

Similarly the molecules with higher bond strength have less solubility at normal conditions. The reactivity of molecules decreases as their bond strength increases since more energy needed to break the bonds.

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The number of C atoms in 0.247 mol of C is  1.48 X 10²³ .

The number of C atoms in 1 mol of C is 6.02 X 10²³, which is also called Avogadro’s number .

so, The number of C atoms in 0.247 mol of C is _

0.247x6.02x10²³= 1.48 X 10²³.

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Zara is examining some animal cells on a slide using a microscope. She is aware that there are animal cells on the slide, but she is unable to see any cells when using the microscope. Give three reasons why Zara might not be able to notice any cells.

Understanding organelles has been greatly aided by microscopes. Most organelles cannot be seen using a light microscope, and those that can (such as the nucleus, mitochondria, and Golgi) cannot be studied in detail because of their size, which is near to the light microscope's resolution limit.

The other cell organelles are too tiny and do not adhere to the dye to be visible under a lab microscope.

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The temperature to kelvin at 113°C is 386.15 K, at 37°C is 310.15 K and at 357°C is 630.15 K.

To find Kelvin use formula,

Kelvin = 273.15 + degree Celsius

So,

(a) The melting point of sulfur at 113 degree Celsius

   273.15 + 113 = 386.15 K

(b) The normal body temperature at 37 degree Celsius

  273.15 + 37 = 310.15 K

(c) The boiling point of mercury at 357 degree Celsius

  273.15 + 357 = 630.15 K

Temperature is a measure of hotness and coldness that can be expressed on a variety of scales, including Fahrenheit and Celsius. Temperature indicates the direction in which heat energy will flow from a hot body to a colder body to a lower temperature.

The total energy of the molecular motion inside the object is represented by the heat open object. Temperature is a measure of the thermal energy or average heat of a substance's molecules.

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Answer:

I'm worried about going to college and living in a dorm. I'm currently keeping in touch with my roommates to know what kind of people they are. Also, I'm starting to pack and get ready to move to my dorm.

Explanation:

The warmth of the air in the experiment conducted by Kate is the dependent variable.

In an experiment, the dependent variable is the variable that is measured or recorded by the experimenter.

On the other hand, the independent variable is the variable that is manipulated or changed by the experimenter.

According to this question, Kate gathered three boxes of the same size made of different materials: glass, clear plastic, and aluminum painted black. She placed them on a window sill in the sun for an hour and then measured the warmth of the air in each box.

This suggests that the warmth of the air in the experiment conducted by Kate is the dependent variable.

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Answer:

The Bio chemist would study how fast nitrogen and hydrogen form ammonia.

Explanation:

Answer:

voodoo voodoo voodoo

Answer:

number of moles of NaSO4 =  [tex]\frac{mass of compound}{molar mass of compound}[/tex]

                                              =  [tex]\frac{35.9}{2(23) + 32 + 4(16)}[/tex]

                                              = 0.253 mol (3 s.f.)

0.253 mol = [tex]\frac{number of atoms}{avogadro's number}[/tex]

                 = [tex]\frac{number of atoms}{6.02(10^{23} )}[/tex]

thus, the number of atoms = 0.253 x [tex]6.02(10^{23})[/tex]

                                            = 1.52 × [tex]10^{23}[/tex]

The mass of antifreeze required to fill a 2.5 gallon car radiator is

Since, 1 gallon = 3.785 L

2.5 gallon = 9.4625 L

Given,

Gasoline = 9.4625 L x 1000 mL/L

               = 9462.5 mL

Density = 0.79 g/mL

Mass = Density  x volume                                                (density =  mass   )

Mass = 0.79 g/mL x 9462.5 mL                                                         volume              

Mass = 7475.37 g

Therefore,

Mass of antifreeze, in grams = 7475.37 g

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Cows and other ruminants are significant producers of the greenhouse gas methane—contributing 37 percent of the methane emissions resulting from human activity.

Greenhouse gases (also known as GHGs) are gases in the earth's atmosphere that trap heat. During the day, the sun shines through the atmosphere, warming the earth's surface. At night, earth's surface cools, releasing heat back into the air. But some of the heat is trapped by the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

While carbon dioxide is typically painted as the bad boy of greenhouse gases, methane is roughly 30 times more potent as a heat-trapping gas. As temperatures rise, the relative increase of methane emissions will outpace that of carbon dioxide from these sources, the researchers report.

The cow's ramen is like a large fermentation vat. More than 200 different bacteria and 20 types of protozoa help the cow to utilize fibrous feed stuffs and non-protein nitrogen sources. Bacteria adhere to the feed and gradually digest the fermentable material.“You can probably reduce methane by about 20-25% by altering diet,” he says.

One study by researchers at the University of California, Davis, estimated it might be possible to reduce global methane emissions from cows by 15% by changing their diet.

Thus, this evidence support the passage.

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Answer: The answer is D  [tex]C_{2} OH_{6}[/tex]

Explanation: Because I just know by counting the letters to see how many of each one.

Answer:

C2OH6

Explanation:

The figure shows the presence of...

Two Carbon (C)

One Oxygen (O)

and Six Hydrogen (H)

We need to make sure we select the option that best represents all of the elements shown in the figure.

Because option 4: C2OH6 is the only chemical formula to include all the elements displayed, it is the best answer.

The pressure of 0.540 mol of an ideal gas at 35.5 L and 223K is 0.278atm.

The pressure of an ideal gas can be calculated by using the ideal gas law equation as follows:

PV = nRT

Where;

According to this question, 0.540 moles of an ideal gas contains a volume of 35.5 L and a temperature of 223K. The pressure can be calculated as follows:

P × 35.5 = 0.540 × 0.0821 × 223

35.5P = 9.886

P = 0.278atm

Therefore, the pressure of 0.540 mol of an ideal gas at 35.5 L and 223K is 0.278atm.

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A gallon of iced tea containing 128 fl oz of iced tea contains 3.79 liters of the liquid.

The problem here has to do with converting from fl oz to liters.

Recall that:

1 fl oz = 29.6 mL

Thus:

128 fl oz = 29.6 x 128

                  = 3,788.8 mL

Also recall:

1 mL = 0.001 L

Thus:

3,788.8 L = 3,788.8 x 0.001

                 = 3.7888 L

In other words, a gallon of iced tea containing 128 fl oz of tea contains 3.79 liters of tea.

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The number of hydrogen atoms in a molecule of adrenaline is 13 (option C).

Adrenaline is a hormone naturally produced in human body, however, it is a chemical compound made up of atoms of different elements.

The elements that make up a molecule of adrenaline are as follows:

According to this question, a structural configuration of adrenaline is attached. The number of atoms of the elemental constituent of adrenaline is given below:

Therefore, the number of hydrogen atoms in a molecule of adrenaline is 13.

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Answer:

4

Explanation:

oxygen has molar mass of 16 g/mol. 64 grams / 16 g/mol = 4mol

Answer:

Na

2

SO

4

.10H

2

O

=(2×23)+32+(4×16)+(10×18)

=46+32+64+180

=322