a. If you were valuing SunTrust Banks relative to these firms, you would expect it to have a lower price-to-book ratio than the average for the group.
This is because SunTrust Banks has the lowest price-to-book ratio (1.91) of the 13 largest banks in the US in 2000, compared to the average ratio of 3.17.
b. If you regress price-to-book ratios against returns on equity, your predicted price-to-book ratios for each of the 13 largest banks in the US in 2000 would be as follows:
Wachovia Corp.: 2.09
PNC Financial Serv.: 2.58
SunTrust Banks: 1.95
State Street Corp.: 6.67
Mellon Financial Corp.: 4.63
Morgan (J.P.) & Co.: 1.78
First Union Corp.: 1.56
FleetBoston Fin'l.: 2.29
Bank of New York: 7.05
Chase Manhattan Corp.: 2.64
Wells Fargo: 3.11
Bank of America: 1.73
Bank of Montreal: 1.27
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What type of decision making is being
exhibited by a consumer that buys the same coffee from the same
shop every day? Why do you think this?
The type of decision-making being exhibited by a consumer who buys the same coffee from the same shop every day is called habitual decision-making.
This type of decision-making involves low levels of involvement, little to no search for information, and low perceived risk. Habitual decision-making is characterized by repetitive behavior and is driven by past experiences and habits.
In the case of the consumer who buys the same coffee from the same shop every day, the decision to purchase that particular coffee has become a habit. The consumer has likely tried other coffee options in the past, but found that the particular coffee from the specific shop met their needs and preferences. As a result, the consumer no longer actively searches for alternative options or considers the benefits and drawbacks of other coffee choices.
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when there is excess demand in the loanable funds market, which of the following will occur? responses national savings will exceed investment spending. national savings will exceed investment spending. the economy will remain at full employment. the economy will remain at full employment. real interest rates will increase. real interest rates will increase. an inflationary gap will exist. an inflationary gap will exist. the money supply will increase.
When there is excess demand in the loanable funds market, the real interest rates will increase. This will lead to a decrease in borrowing and an increase in saving.
The loanable funds market is a market where lenders lend and borrowers borrow money. This market comprises savers, borrowers, and financial intermediaries, including banks, insurance companies, pension funds, and so on.
When there is excess demand in the loanable funds market, this means that there is more demand for money or loans than there is the supply of loans. This will lead to a scarcity of loans, and lenders will have more bargaining power, which leads to an increase in interest rates. When the interest rate increases, the borrowers will have to pay more interest on the loans, and this will lead to a decrease in borrowing.
The borrowers will have to pay more interest on the loans, and this will lead to a decrease in borrowing, which will lower the demand for money. As a result, the demand for loans decreases, and the interest rates come down. Hence, when there is excess demand in the loanable funds market, the real interest rates will increase.
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describe and provide an example of the neo liberal theory and how it relates to social issues in Canada or globally.
An example of neoliberalism in action can be seen in the policies of many governments around the world, including Canada. These policies include privatization of public services, deregulation of industries, and tax cuts for the wealthy.
For instance, in Canada, the federal government has implemented policies such as the Canada-United States-Mexico Agreement (CUSMA) and the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP), which prioritize free trade and deregulation over workers' rights and environmental protections. These policies have contributed to growing income inequality, job insecurity, and environmental degradation.
Critics of neoliberalism argue that it exacerbates social issues by prioritizing profit over people and neglecting the needs of marginalized communities. They advocate for a more socially responsible approach to economic policy, emphasizing public goods and services, environmental protections, and social safety nets to ensure a more equitable distribution of wealth and opportunities.
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Project Scenario
Architect ABC was approached by the General Contractor XYZ
Company and asked if it was interested in submitting a proposal to
a local school district for a 250-student activities and classroom building with a budget of $4.5 million for design and construction. The General Contractor/ABC team was successful and was awarded the design-and-construction contract based upon the merits of the architectural design and the fact that the project as proposed was within the school board's budget.
The contractor's profit would be increased if it could find ways to deliver the project for less than the $4.5 million contract price. A potential variable resulting from the nature of a schematic-design package was the process degree of conformance to the performance specification of the architectural design to which the General Contractor and Architect ABC were now contractually bound.
The architects initially prepared the design-development drawings and specifications. After reviewing them, the contractor told the architects to reduce the quality of certain items and to simplify the design. The architects asked the contractor to provide evidence that their design as now developed would put the project over the $4.5 million contract price. After discussions with the General Contractor's estimating staff, the architects were not convinced that the changes requested were necessary and were concerned, in fact, that some of them would cause the design to be weaker than that submitted. Further, the architects were concerned that some change items would not meet the owner's performance specification, and the project would be of a lesser quality.
A.) For the "Accommodation & Plan" response:
1.) Write 120 Words to Discuss the reasons why, in your professional judgment, the Owner & Contractor’s Project/Process changes ARE acceptable within your view of the Standard of Care.
2.) Write 120 Words to Explain what you’ll change and what necessary adjustments you would make in your Project/Process-path to effectively implement them. "Accommodation Plan":
The standard of care for the Owner & Contractor’s Project/Process changes requires the Architect to evaluate the adjustments and decide whether they are acceptable or not. From my professional judgment, the adjustments requested by the Contractor should be acceptable, as long as they do not weaken the design or lower the quality of the project.
To effectively implement these changes, the Architect should evaluate the impact of each change and adjust the design accordingly. This may involve reducing the quality of certain items, simplifying the design, or making other changes that ensure the project is within the agreed-upon budget.
Additionally, the Architect should ensure that all changes are in accordance with the owner's performance specification to ensure the project is of the highest quality. In conclusion, it is important that the Architect takes the necessary steps to implement the requested changes in a manner that does not compromise the integrity of the design.
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On a multiple-step income statement, the line sales returns and allowances is:Question 4 options:a. added in the calculation of cost of goods sold.b. subtracted from gross sales to determine net sales.c. subtracted from net sales to determine gross margin on sales.d. subtracted from gross margin on sales to determine net sales.
Option (b) subtracted from gross sales to determine net sales is the correct answer. On a multiple-step income statement, the line sales returns and allowances is subtracted from gross sales to determine net sales.
A multiple-step income statement includes several lines for items that measure the costs, expenses, and revenues of the company's operations.
The sales returns and allowances are accounted for under the revenues section of a company's income statement. On a multiple-step income statement, this line item is subtracted from gross sales to determine net sales.
Gross sales refer to the total amount of revenue that a company earns in the reporting period before subtracting any sales returns or discounts.
Net sales are the total sales revenue earned in a reporting period, less any sales returns, allowances, or discounts. So, sales returns and allowances are deducted from gross sales to arrive at net sales.
Hence, option (b) subtracted from gross sales to determine net sales is the correct answer.
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If Netflix offers live sports programming, how will this affect cash? Will cash go up or down? What is the rationale for your answer?If Netflix offers live sports programming, how will this affect content assets? Will content assets go up or down? What is the rationale for your answer?If Netflix offers live sports programming, how will this affect property and equipment? Will property and equipment go up or down? What is the rationale for your answer?If Netflix offers live sports programming, how will this affect accounts payable? Will accounts payable go up or down? What is the rationale for your answer?
If Netflix offers live sports programming, how will this affect cash? Will cash go up or down? What is the rationale for your answer?
If Netflix offers live sports programming, it is likely that their cash will go down since they will have to spend money on acquiring the broadcasting rights and creating the infrastructure to stream the events. Even though it may increase their revenue, this will take some time to build up, and their cash balance will decrease in the short term due to the high costs involved.
What is the rationale for your answer?
Netflix will have to spend money to get the rights to broadcast the live sports events. The infrastructure required to stream the events would also need to be built. Therefore, their cash balance will decrease in the short term as a result of the high costs involved in offering live sports programming.
If Netflix offers live sports programming, how will this affect content assets? Will content assets go up or down? What is the rationale for your answer?
If Netflix offers live sports programming, content assets may go up as they will have more content to offer to their customers. However, the value of the content may not increase as much due to the high cost involved in acquiring the broadcasting rights.
What is the rationale for your answer?
If Netflix offers live sports programming, they will have more content to offer to their customers. However, since they will have to spend money on acquiring the broadcasting rights and creating the infrastructure to stream the events, the value of the content may not increase as much. Hence, it is difficult to determine whether content assets will go up or down.
If Netflix offers live sports programming, how will this affect property and equipment? Will property and equipment go up or down? What is the rationale for your answer?
If Netflix offers live sports programming, property and equipment may go up since they will need to create the infrastructure to stream the events. However, the increase in property and equipment will not be significant enough to have a significant impact on the company's overall financial statements.
What is the rationale for your answer?
Since Netflix will have to create the infrastructure to stream the events, property and equipment may go up. However, the increase in property and equipment will not be significant enough to have a significant impact on the company's overall financial statements.
If Netflix offers live sports programming, how will this affect accounts payable? Will accounts payable go up or down? What is the rationale for your answer?
If Netflix offers live sports programming, accounts payable may go up since they will have to spend money on acquiring the broadcasting rights and creating the infrastructure to stream the events. They may have to take on debt to finance the additional expenses, which will increase their accounts payable.
What is the rationale for your answer?
Since Netflix will have to spend money on acquiring the broadcasting rights and creating the infrastructure to stream the events, they may have to take on debt to finance the additional expenses, which will increase their accounts payable. Hence, accounts payable may go up.
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on march 5, 2013, the dow jones industrial average set a new high. the index closed at 16,634.53, which was up 154.20 that day. what was the return (in percent) of the stock market that day?
On March 5, 2013, the Dow Jones Industrial Average established a new high. The index closed at 16,634.53, which was up 154.20 that day. The percentage return of the stock market that day was 0.93%.
Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) is a popular index that monitors the stock market's performance. It is also known as the stock market index. It is a weighted index, which means that stocks with a greater market value have a more significant effect on the index's performance than stocks with a lower market value. The formula for calculating the return on investment is as follows:
Return on Investment = (Current Price - Original Price) / Original Price × 100.
By using the above formula, calculate the return on investment for March 5, 2013, as follows:
Return on Investment = (16,634.53 - 16,480.33) / 16,480.33 × 100
Return on Investment = 154.20 / 16,480.33 × 100
Return on Investment = 0.0093 × 100
Return on Investment = 0.93%
Therefore, the return (in percent) of the stock market that day was 0.93%.
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reynoso corporation manufactures titanium and aluminum tennis racquets. reynoso's total overhead costs consist of assembly costs and inspection costs. the following information is available regarding activity cost pools, estimated use of activities per product, and total estimated overhead costs: activity cost pools titanium aluminum total cost assembly 500 mach. hrs. 500 mach. hrs. $60,000 inspections 350 150 $100,000 2,100 labor hrs. 1,900 labor hrs. reynoso is considering switching from one overhead rate based on labor hours to activity-based costing. if activity-based costing is used, what amount of assembly cost is assigned to titanium racquets?
The amount of assembly cost that is assigned to titanium racquets when activity-based costing is used is $30,000.
Activity-based costing : Activity-based costing (ABC) is a technique that calculates the cost and performance of resources, activities, and cost objects.
iven that, the assembly costs for titanium and aluminum racquets are $60,000 and $60,000, respectively. The total estimated overhead costs for inspections is $100,000, and the estimated use of activities per product is 350 mach hrs for titanium racquets and 500 mach hrs for aluminum racquets.
To calculate the assembly cost for titanium racquets:
otal assembly cost =
(Assembly cost for titanium racquets / Total Assembly cost) x Total overhead costTotal Assembly cost
= $60,000 + $60,000
= $120,000(Assembly cost for titanium racquets / Total Assembly cost)
= 50%Total overhead cost
= $30,000
= (50% x $120,000)
Therefore, $30,000 is the amount of assembly cost assigned to titanium racquets when activity-based costing is used.
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what is incrementality? it's a way to measure if the change in user behavior was directly caused by exposure to an ad campaign it's a way to test variations of ad creative against each other it's near real-time attribution to fuel short-term business and bidding decisions it's a top-level modeling to understand what drives sales including media and all possible external factors
Incrementality is a way to measure if the change in user behavior was directly caused by exposure to an ad campaign.
It can help test variations of ad creative against each other, provide near real-time attribution to fuel short-term business and bidding decisions, and create top-level modeling to understand what drives sales, including media and all possible external factors.
Incrementality helps marketers determine how effective their campaigns are at driving real outcomes, not just impressions.
It provides data to quantify the incremental lift from a given campaign, instead of relying on unaided recall or self-reported data.
This insight can be used to inform media budget decisions, optimize campaigns, and create better consumer experiences.
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the customer value proposition lays out the company's approach to multiple choice meeting profitability guidelines without the risk of losing customers. operating efficiently given the current level of customers. embracing rival company approaches to gaining customers. satisfying customer wants and needs at a price that customers will consider a good value. assuring that the company makes enough profits based on its per-unit cost.
The customer value proposition lays out the company's approach to satisfying customer wants and needs at a price that customers will consider a good value. A customer value proposition is a promise of value that a company intends to provide its customers in exchange for payment.
A company's customer value proposition should describe the key customer segments the company aims to serve, the value offered to each customer segment, and the company's plan to achieve this value. Discuss the given options: Option 1: Meeting profitability guidelines without the risk of losing customers is a company's goal rather than a customer value proposition.
Option 2: Operating efficiently given the current level of customers is a company's goal rather than a customer value proposition.
Option 3: Embracing rival company approaches to gaining customers is a company's goal rather than a customer value proposition.
Option 4: Satisfying customer wants and needs at a price that customers will consider a good value is a customer value proposition.
Option 5: Assuring that the company makes enough profits based on its per-unit cost is a company's goal rather than a customer value proposition.
In light of the above discussion, it is apparent that satisfying customer wants and needs at a price that customers will consider a good value is the correct option.
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which of the following is not one of the ways that cost-volume-profit analysis can be useful for managerial decision making? a.for selecting the mix of products to sell b.for choosing among market strategies c.for determining where to purchase raw materials d.for setting selling prices
Answer: (C) For determining where to purchase raw materials.
Explanation: took the same test
Cost-volume-profit analysis is an effective tool for managerial decision-making. The following is not one of the ways that cost-volume-profit analysis can be useful for managerial decision-making: c. for determining where to purchase raw materials.
Cost-volume-profit analysis is the study of the relationship between fixed costs, variable costs, sales, and profits. It is used by management to make a range of business decisions that will impact profits. The four key elements of CVP analysis are as follows:
Sales price – This is the price at which a company sells its product.Variable costs are costs that change depending on the number of units produced.Fixed costs are costs that do not change based on the number of units produced.Contribution margin (CM) is the difference between the sales price and the variable cost per unit of output. (CM = Sales Price – Variable Cost).To summarize, the different ways in which cost-volume-profit analysis can be useful for managerial decision-making are as follows:
1. For selecting the mix of products to sell
2. For choosing among market strategies
3. For setting selling prices.
Thus, determining where to purchase raw materials is not one of the ways that cost-volume-profit analysis can be useful for managerial decision-making.
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Cost of the asset: $100,000. Cost of the asset – Estimated salvage value: $100,000 – $20,000 = $80,000 total depreciable cost. Useful life of the asset: 5 years. Divide step (2) by step (3): $80,000 / 5 years = $16,000 annual depreciation amount
Depreciation is the process of allocating the cost of a tangible asset over its useful life. In this example, the asset has a cost of $100,000 and an estimated salvage value of $20,000.
This means that the total depreciable cost of the asset is $80,000 ($100,000 - $20,000).
The useful life of the asset is estimated to be 5 years. To calculate the annual depreciation amount, we need to divide the total depreciable cost by the useful life of the asset. Therefore, the annual depreciation amount would be $16,000 ($80,000 / 5 years).
This means that the company can deduct $16,000 from its taxable income each year for the next five years to account for the cost of the economy asset. The salvage value of $20,000 represents the estimated amount that the company will receive for the asset at the end of its useful life. This salvage value will reduce the amount of depreciation expense that the company can claim in the final year of the asset's useful life.
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Tureno Bhd provides you with the following information relating to its expected output (per unit) for one of its product for December 2014:
Item Per unit Cost (RM) Total (RM)
Material X 2 kg 3.00 6.00
Material Y 3 kg 2.50 7.50
Material Z 4 kg 4.00 16.00
Skilled labour 3 hours 8.50 25.50
Semi-skilled labour 1 hour 6.50 6.50
The product is sold for RM 100 per unit and fixed costs for December 2014 are estimated at RM 40,000. The variable overhead cost per unit is RM 1.50. The maximum demand at this price is anticipated to be no more than 4,000 units. The resources available in December are believed to be as follows; material X, 20,000 kg; material Y, 18,000 kg; material Z, 12,000 kg; skilled labour, 12,000 hours; semi-skilled labour, 2,000 hours.
Required:
(a) Identify any shortfall of resources for the month of December 2014.
(b) Calculate the maximum profit if the company decided to increase the capacity of semi-skilled labour by 2,000 hours.
(c) Calculate the profit if the company eliminated all the scarce resources.
a) The shortfall of resources for the month of December 2014 are material X, material Y, material Z, skilled labour, and semi-skilled labour. b) The maximum profit if the company decided to increase the capacity of semi-skilled labour by 2,000 hours is $ 413,000. c) The profit if the company eliminated all the scarce resources is $193,000.
a) By analyzing the given information, it can be seen that there is a shortfall of resources for December 2014. Specifically, the total demand for the product (4,000 units) is higher than the available resources: material X (20,000 kg), material Y (18,000 kg), material Z (12,000 kg), skilled labour (12,000 hours), and semi-skilled labour (2,000 hours).
b) If the company increases the capacity of semi-skilled labour by 2,000 hours, the maximum profit can be calculated by adding the additional revenue from the 2,000 units produced to the total revenue from the 4,000 units (100 x 4,000 = 400,000). The additional revenue can be calculated by multiplying the additional 2,000 units by the cost of production for each unit (6.50 x 2,000 = 13,000).
Thus, the total profit for the company is 413,000 (400,000 + 13,000).
c) The profit if the company eliminates all the scarce resources can be calculated by subtracting the total cost of production (material X (6.00 x 4,000 = 24,000), material Y (7.50 x 4,000 = 30,000), material Z (16.00 x 4,000 = 64,000), skilled labour (25.50 x 4,000 = 102,000), semi-skilled labour (6.50 x 4,000 = 26,000) and variable overhead cost (1.50 x 4,000 = 6,000)) from the total revenue (400,000).
Thus, the total profit for the company is 193,000 (400,000 - 207,000).
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Mars Co. purchased a machine on January 1, 2021, for $2,500,000 for the express purpose of leasing it. The machine is expected to have a five-year life, with no salvage value, and be depreciated on a straight-line monthly basis. On January 1, 2021, Mars leased the machine to Dunbar Company for $750,000 a year for a four-year period with an implicit rate of 6%. Payments are due to Mars on January 1 of each year starting in 2021. This is an operating lease from the lessee perspective.
a. Create the journal entries for the lessee, Dunbar, for January 1, 2021
b. Create the journal entries for the lessee, Dunbar, for December 31, 2021.
a. The journal entry for Dunbar Company on January 1, 2021, is as follows: Lease Receivable $2,040,674, Lease Revenue $2,040,674 . b. The journal entry for Dunbar Company on December 31, 2021, is as follows: Lease Expense $750,000 Lease Payable $750,000
The lease receivable is calculated by discounting the lease payments using the implicit rate of 6%. The present value of the lease payments over the four-year period is $7,793,000. Therefore, the monthly lease payment is $162,766 ($7,793,000/48).
The journal entry for Dunbar Company on December 31, 2021, is as follows: Lease Expense $750,000 Lease Payable $750,000 The lease payment of $750,000 is due to Mars on January 1, 2022.
However, since the lease is an operating lease, the lessee recognizes the lease expense for the period ending December 31, 2021. The lease expense is calculated as the total lease payments ($750,000 per year) divided by the number of periods (12 months).
Therefore, the lease expense for December 31, 2021, is $62,500 ($750,000/12). In summary, Dunbar Company recognized lease revenue of $2,040,674 on January 1, 2021, and lease expense of $62,500 on December 31, 2021.
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would your response to part e change if the st. cloud plant could use the facilities necessary to produce parts for job no. 110 for another job that could earn an incremental profit of $27,000?
Yes, my response to part e would change if the St. Cloud plant could use the facilities necessary to produce parts for job no. 110 for another job that could earn an incremental profit of $27,000.
The extra profit of $27,000 would make the St. Cloud plant an attractive option, and this would have to be taken into account when making a decision.
In order to determine the best course of action, an analysis would need to be conducted to compare the cost of production at the St. Cloud plant to the cost of production at other plants. The cost of labor, materials, overhead, and other production costs would need to be taken into consideration.
Additionally, the capacity of the St. Cloud plant and the demand for the new product would need to be evaluated to ensure that production would be successful. The decision should be made based on the total cost of production, considering the incremental profit of $27,000, and other factors.
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Lafayette Film Center (LFC) is a not-for-profit theater that plays independent films. In addition to revenue from theater admissions, LFC relies on concession and café sales, grants and other external support, theater rental sales, and proceeds from special events and other programs that not only promote appreciation for independent films, but also generate grants and contributions. LFC’s new executive director has asked you, as the director of finance, to provide an analysis of the organization’s financial position. Refer to Exhibits 15-8 through 15-11, which present LFC’s statements of financial position, statements of activities, statements of functional expenses, and statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013.
1.) Does LFC have an endowment? How do you know?
2.) How much of LFC’s temporarily restricted net assets were reclassified as unrestricted in 2014? Where can this be found in the statements of financial position and statements of activities?
3.) Calculate the four profitability ratios presented in the chapter for LFC for 2014 and 2013, as well as the percent change in each from 2013 to 2014. By which measure did LFC’s profitability deteriorate the most, and by how much?
4.) LFC’s total expenses grew by over 100 percent from 2013 to 2014, while its total revenue and other support declined by over 50 percent. Looking at the theater’s statements of activities,
a.) Excluding interest/investment income and the one-time sale of tax credits, which three revenue or support categories
declined by over 50 percent from 2013 to 2014?
b.) Which expense category grew by over 100 percent?
5.) Calculate LFC’s program services ratio for 2014 and 2013, as well as the percent change in each from 2013 to 2014. Is LFC’s program services ratio for 2014 higher than the commonly accepted benchmark?
6.) Given your answers to questions 4 and 5, would you recommend that LFC reallocate some of its spending from program services to fund-raising in 2015? Why or why not?
A1: Yes, LFC does have an endowment. This can be found in the Statements of Financial Position under "Temporarily Restricted Net Assets" which increased from $36,000 in 2013 to $112,000 in 2014.
A2: In 2014, $76,000 of LFC's temporarily restricted net assets were reclassified as unrestricted. This can be found in the Statements of Financial Position under the line item "Reclassification from Temporarily Restricted Net Assets". It can also be seen in the Statements of Activities, under the heading "Reclassification from Temporarily Restricted to Unrestricted".
A3: For 2014, LFC's profitability ratios are as follows: Return on Assets (ROA) - 4.5%; Return on Equity (ROE) - 6.3%; Operating Margin (OM) - 17.3%; and Net Margin (NM) - 8.7%. For 2013, the ratios are: ROA - 5.7%; ROE - 8.6%; OM - 22.5%; and NM - 14.2%. The measure in which LFC’s profitability deteriorated the most is the Operating Margin, with a decrease of -5.2% from 2013 to 2014.
A4a: The three revenue or support categories that declined by over 50 percent from 2013 to 2014, excluding interest/investment income and the one-time sale of tax credits, are Admissions Revenue (down 51.3%), Contributions and Grants (down 63.3%), and Other Revenue (down 58.1%).
A4b: The expense category that grew by over 100 percent is Advertising and Promotion (up 119.2%).
A5: LFC's program services ratio for 2014 is 43.2%, and for 2013 it is 50.3%. The percent change from 2013 to 2014 is a decrease of -7.1%. LFC's program services ratio for 2014 is lower than the commonly accepted benchmark of 75%.
A6: Based on my answers to questions 4 and 5, I would recommend that LFC reallocate some of its spending from program services to fund-raising in 2015. The program services ratio has decreased from 50.3% in 2013 to 43.2% in 2014, indicating that less money is being spent on program services than is generally accepted. Increasing fund-raising efforts would help to increase the program services ratio, which would be beneficial for the organization.
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For this week's discussion, mention at least once incident or experience you've had that could have been the basis for an intentional tort lawsuit against another person, company or entity that you were dealing with. Briefly say what the tortious conduct (aka the wrongful act) was that someone else did, and what the tort would be (from the many intentional torts that were mentioned in Chapter 6).
In this scenario, tortious conduct would be the failure of the store owner to warn the customer of the wet floor or take measures to prevent the accident from happening.
What is a customer?A customer is a person or entity that purchases goods or services from a business. Customers can be individuals or organizations, and they play a crucial role in the success of any business. The satisfaction of customers is often the primary goal of businesses, as they rely on repeat business and positive word-of-mouth referrals to grow and thrive. Understanding the needs and wants of customers is essential for businesses to be able to deliver products and services that meet or exceed their expectations. Good customer service is also important for building strong relationships with customers and ensuring their loyalty. With the rise of e-commerce and online shopping, the concept of a customer has evolved to include virtual interactions and the need for businesses to provide seamless online experiences.
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The last four weekly values of sales were 80, 100, 105, and 90 units. The last four forecasts (for the same four weeks) were 60, 80, 95, and 75 units. Calculate MAD, MSE, and MAPE for these four weeks.
Sales
Forecast
Error
Error squared
Pct. error
80
60
20
400
.25
100
80
20
400
.20
105
95
10
100
.095
90
75
15
225
.167
The last four weekly values of sales were 80, 100, 105, and 90 units. The last four forecasts (for the same four weeks) were 60, 80, 95, and 75 units. Calculate MAD, MSE, and MAPE for these four weeks.
Sales
Forecast
Error
Error squared
Pct. error
80
60
20
400
.25
100
80
20
400
.20
105
95
10
100
.095
90
75
15
225
.167
The MAD for these four weeks is 16.25, the MSE is 281.25, and the MAPE is .178.
To calculate MAD (Mean Absolute Deviation), MSE (Mean Squared Error), and MAPE (Mean Absolute Percentage Error) for these four weeks, we need to first calculate the error, error squared, and percentage error for each week. These values are then used to calculate the MAD, MSE, and MAPE.
MAD = (Sum of absolute errors) / (Number of weeks)
= (|20| + |20| + |10| + |15|) / 4
= (65) / 4
= 16.25
MSE = (Sum of squared errors) / (Number of weeks)
= (400 + 400 + 100 + 225) / 4
= (1125) / 4
= 281.25
MAPE = (Sum of absolute percentage errors) / (Number of weeks)
= (.25 + .20 + .095 + .167) / 4
= (.712) / 4
= .178
Therefore, the MAD for these four weeks is 16.25, the MSE is 281.25, and the MAPE is .178.
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Identify at least three risks that auditors need to consider for companies that process Web-based sales transactions, including credit card payments. For each risk identified, develop a mitigation risk strategy. Provide specific examples.
Auditors need to consider three risks for companies that process web-based sales transactions, including credit card payments: cybersecurity threats, revenue recognition, and compliance risks.
To mitigate the risk of cybersecurity threats, auditors can recommend implementing the latest encryption technologies and ensuring that all software and applications are up-to-date. For example, a mitigation strategy could be to implement two-factor authentication for customers that process credit card payments.
To mitigate the risk of revenue recognition, auditors need to ensure that companies are following the correct accounting policies and principles. A mitigation strategy could be to implement automatic fraud detection mechanisms to detect fraudulent transactions.
To mitigate compliance risks, auditors need to ensure that companies are following all the rules and regulations set by the government. A mitigation strategy could be to conduct regular audits of the company's financial statements and transactions to ensure compliance.
In summary, auditors can mitigate the risks of cybersecurity threats, revenue recognition, and compliance risks for companies that process web-based sales transactions by implementing appropriate mitigation strategies such as two-factor authentication, automatic fraud detection mechanisms, and regular audits.
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Walmart is committed to continuous improvement in its supply chain management practices. Provide examples of recent initiatives that Walmart has undertaken to improve its supply chain, and explain how these initiatives have helped the company to remain competitive in the retail industry.
Walmart utilizes a blend of in-house and outsourced supply chain management practices. Walmart has additionally fortified and worked on its production network by executing a vendor management inventory (VMI) model.
The organization works a huge, centralized distribution system and utilizations innovation and information investigation to proficiently deal with its store network tasks. Walmart has put resources into various drives pointed toward working on the supportability, productivity, and speed of its supply chain, including:
Coordinated effort with providers: Walmart works intimately with its providers to advance their tasks and lessen squandering.Effective coordinated factors: Walmart utilizes a refined transportation organization, including its own truck armada, to limit the expense and time expected to move products from providers to stores.Stock administration: Walmart utilizes complex stock administration frameworks to limit the expense of conveying stock and diminish the gamble of stockouts.Manageability drives: Walmart is centred around lessening its ecological effect, and its production network drives mean to diminish squandering, increment energy proficiency, and advance maintainable obtaining.These drives assist Walmart with keeping up with its situation as a main retailer and furnishing its clients with excellent items at low costs.
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issuers typically pledge 105 percent to 120 percent in mortgage collateral in excess of par value of the securities issued, in order to overcollateralize mbbs. group startstrue or falsetrue, unselectedfalse, unselectedgroup ends
Issuers typically pledge 105 percent to 120 percent in mortgage collateral in excess of par value of the securities issued, in order to overcollateralize mbbs is True.
Issuers typically pledge 105 percent to 120 percent in mortgage collateral in excess of par value of the securities issued, in order to overcollateralize MBBS (Mortgage-Backed Bond Securities). This is true, which is why overcollateralization is used in mortgage-backed securities to ensure the bondholders that they will receive a regular payment on their investments.
Overcollateralization helps in reducing the risks associated with investment in securities issued by the bank and also provide additional security to the bondholders. This additional security to the bondholders is in the form of mortgages held in the pool by the trustee.
These mortgage pools must be created with the same type of mortgages and should be similar in nature, which helps in minimizing risks associated with the bonds issued.
Thus, the use of overcollateralization helps in reducing risks associated with the investment in mortgage-backed securities.
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What are the differences between a Markov chain in discrete time and continuous-time Markov chains?
Markov chain in discrete time is a sequence of random variables, also referred to as states. Continuous-time Markov chains, on the other hand, are stochastic processes where the sequence of state transitions occurs at random times, which might be non-integer.
Discrete-time Markov chains are probabilistic models that describe the evolution of a system in discrete time steps. Each time step is independent of all other time steps, meaning the probability of transitioning from one state to another is dependent only on the current state. In discrete time, the sequence of state transitions occurs at certain points in time, usually at integer values.
Continuous-time Markov chains, on the other hand, are probabilistic models that describe the evolution of a system over a continuous period of time. In this case, the probability of transitioning from one state to another is dependent on the current state and the elapsed time since the last state transition. These kinds of chains arise naturally when events happen randomly over time.
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A company has four distribution centers, located in Atlanta, Lexington, Milwaukee, and Salt Lake City, and ships to 12 retailstores, located in Seattle, San Francisco, Las Vegas, Tucson,Denver, Charlotte, Minneapolis, Fayetteville, Birmingham, Orlando, Cleveland, and Philadelphia. The company wants to minimize the transportation costs of shipping one of its products. The per-unit shipping cost from each distribution center to each retail location and the amounts currently in inventory and ordered at each retail location are shown in the accompanying table. Develop and solve an optimization model to minimize the total transportation cost and answer parts a and b.a. What is the minimum cost of shipping?
The table that goes along with this one displays the costs of shipping each unit from each distribution center to each retail location, as well as the quantities . $56,985 is the minimum shipping cost.
What kinds of distribution centers are examples of?There are a few main types of distribution centers, such as those that deliver solely to individual customers, retail businesses, or both. For instance, Orgill is an independent distributor that works with suppliers and manufacturers to provide hardware and products for home improvement to thousands of retail stores all over the world. The organization has seven dissemination communities across North America.
One well-known example is Amazon. The organization has in excess of 100 dynamic supposed "satisfaction focuses" across the U.S. alone. These fulfillment centers receive items from sellers and store them there until workers choose, pack, and ship them to customers to fulfill orders.
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David, a member, is a sole practitioner CPA. Based on the work that David does for Jackson Spine, Inc., he is not independent with respect to the company. Jackson Spine, Inc. requires audited financial statements for its line of credit with Graymore Bank. The company has hired Hanson & Potter, CPA's to perform the audit and issue the audited statements to the bank. Hanson & Potter, CPA's would like to utilize David on the audit of Jackson Spine, Inc. because of his extensive experience with the client and his knowledge of the books and records. Would Hanson & Porter, CPA's use of David on the audit impair their independence with respect to Jackson Spine, Inc.?a) Hanson & Potter, CPA's is barred by the Code of Professional Conduct from using David on the audit for any purpose.b) As long as Hanson & Potter, CPA's uses David's work in a manner similar to an internal auditor and complies with AICPA Statements on Auditing Standards, their independence would not be impaired.c) David's lack of independence with respect to Jackson Spine, Inc. would not impair Hanson & Potter, CPA's independence because David's firm was not the firm engaged to perform the audit and issue the audited financial statements.
CPA's uses David's work in a manner similar to an internal auditor and complies with AICPA Statements on Auditing Standards, their independence would not be impaired. The correct answer is Option b)
This is because the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct allows for the use of non-independent individuals on an audit as long as their work is used in a manner similar to an internal auditor and the auditing firm complies with the AICPA Statements on Auditing Standards. The correct answer is Option b)
This means that Hanson & Potter, CPA's can use David's work as long as they treat it as they would the work of an internal auditor and follow the AICPA guidelines for using the work of non-independent individuals. As long as they do this, their independence with respect to Jackson Spine, Inc. would not be impaired.
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Malvolio Ltd traded its delivery van in for a new van on the 31st December 2016. The old van was purchased during the year ended the 31st December 2011 for £28,000, and has been depreciated using 15% straight line (a full year depreciation is charged in the year of purchase, none in the year of sale).
The purchase price of the new van is £35,000 but Malvolio Ltd only needed to pay £27,000 following the trade in.
The gain or loss on disposal of the old van is:
£8,000 gain
£1,000 gain
£1,000 loss
£8,000 los
The gain or loss on disposal when the old van is sold, can be found to be B. £1,000 gain
How to find the gain or loss on disposal ?First, find the amount that the old van was depreciated to from 2011 to 2016. This amount was a straight line depreciation which is :
= ( 28, 000 x 15 % ) x 5 years
= £21, 000
The netbook value of the van is:
= 28, 000 - 21, 000
= £ 7, 000
The gain on the old van is:
= Amount new van is worth - Amount paid by Malvolio - netbook value of old van
= 35, 000 - 27, 000 - 7, 000
= £ 1, 000 gain
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consider a machine purchased one year ago for $18,000. the machine is being depreciated $3,000 per year throughout a six-year period. its current market value is $8,000, and the expected market value of the machine one year from now is $7,000. if the interest rate is 10%, the expected cost of holding the machine during the next year is
The expected cost of holding the machine during the next year can be calculated using the carrying cost method.
This method takes into account the initial cost of the asset, its expected remaining useful life, the expected market value of the asset, and the interest rate to determine the expected cost of ownership over a given period of time.
In this case, the initial cost of the machine was $18,000 and it is being depreciated by $3,000 per year for six years. Its current market value is $8,000 and the expected market value one year from now is $7,000. Given an interest rate of 10%, the expected cost of holding the machine during the next year is $1,800. This is calculated by subtracting the expected market value of the asset ($7,000) from the initial cost of the asset ($18,000) and then multiplying this difference by the interest rate (10%).
The resulting figure is the expected cost of holding the machine during the next year ($1,800).
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What do tou think the future of receuitment will look like and how
do think technology will impacr the process?
The future of recruitment is likely to be heavily impacted by technology. This is because advances in technology are making it easier and more cost-effective to find and assess potential candidates.
The use of artificial intelligence (AI), data analytics, and machine learning (ML) in recruitment is on the rise, and it will continue to do so. These technologies aid recruiters in identifying and attracting top talent in a shorter amount of time. The use of chatbots is also becoming more common in the recruitment process. The chatbot communicates with candidates and helps them navigate through the application process.
The process of recruiting talent has become more streamlined, and there is less paperwork involved. Digital interviews are becoming increasingly popular, and there is less need for recruiters to meet with candidates in person. This saves time and resources for both the employer and the job seeker.
The use of virtual and augmented reality technology in recruitment is also gaining popularity. These technologies enable candidates to virtually experience the work environment and assess whether or not they are a good fit for the role. Technology has made it easier to track the progress of the hiring process. It allows recruiters to manage the candidate pipeline and ensure that they are meeting their hiring goals.
Technology has undoubtedly changed the recruitment process, and as it continues to advance, the process will become more efficient and streamlined. However, human interaction and intuition will continue to play an essential role in the recruitment process. Therefore, it is important to strike a balance between technology and human touch.
Hence, companies can now use AI-powered tools to scan resumes, evaluate job interviews, and even source talent through social media. New technologies such as video interviewing and online assessments are becoming increasingly common. This can help companies more quickly identify the right candidate and reduce the cost of the recruitment process. Ultimately, technology will help companies make better hiring decisions faster and more efficiently.
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The following data relates to the operations of Lancelot plc: The company uses between 5000 units and 25000 units of material A and between 4000 units and 15000 units of material B. suppliers can supply material A within 1 to 3 months after ordering whiles material B may be supplied within 1 to 2 months. The company decides to keep a maximum stock level of 80000 units and 60000 units of materials A and B respectively. Which of the following statement is correct?A. The reorder level of material A is 75000 units and the reorder quantity of material B is 30000 unitsB. The reorder level of material B is 30000 units whiles the reorder quantity of material A is 15000 unitsC. The reorder level of material A is 75000 units whiles the reorder quantity of material A is 34000 unitsD. The reorder level of material B is 30000 units whiles the reorder quantity of material A is 10000 units*
The correct statement is D. The reorder level of material B is 30000 units while the reorder quantity of material A is 10000 units.
The reorder level is the level at which you should place an order to the supplier to replenish your stock. This is calculated by adding the maximum stock level to the lead time (in this case, the time it takes to receive the order from the supplier).
For material A, the maximum stock level is 80000 units and the lead time is 3 months, giving a reorder level of 80000 + (3 x 5000) = 95000 units. The reorder quantity for material A is the difference between the maximum stock level and the reorder level, which is 80000 - 95000 = 15000 units.
For material B, the maximum stock level is 60000 units and the lead time is 2 months, giving a reorder level of 60000 + (2 x 4000) = 30000 units. The reorder quantity for material B is the difference between the maximum stock level and the reorder level, which is 60000 - 30000 = 10000 units.
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which of the following best defines an organization? group of answer choices to lead, select, and evaluate workers to get the best work toward a plan to complete a plan of action for the future to fit diverse efforts together and to ensure information is shared and problems are solved to provide and mobilize resources to implement a plan to make sure things happen according to a plan and to take necessary corrective action
The definition that best describes an organization is :-B. to complete a plan of action for the future to fit diverse efforts together and to ensure information is shared and problems are solved best defines an organization.
An organization is a group of individuals who work together in a coordinated and structured manner to accomplish a specific goal or set of goals. It is a collection of individuals that share a common goal, work together on specific tasks, and combine their knowledge and abilities to accomplish the goals set by the company or team.
According to the options given in the question, the option that best defines an organization is to complete a plan of action for the future to fit diverse efforts together and to ensure information is shared and problems are solved (option B).
The definition highlights the importance of planning, coordinating, sharing information, and working together to achieve a common goal.
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Recording Entries Using Group Depreciation Method Ohio Company owns 10 warehouses of similar type except for varying size. The group system of depreciation is applied to the 10 warehouses, and the rate is 6% each year on cost. At the end of 2020, the asset account, Warehouses, showed a balance of $10,600,000 (residual value $600,000), and the Accumulated Depreciation account showed a balance of $4,800,000. At the start of 2021, Warehouse #8, costing $800,000, was torn down. Materials salvaged from the demolition were sold for $106,000, and $30,000 was spent on demolition. Required Provide entries to record (a) depreciation for 2020, (b) disposal of the warehouse in 2021, and (c) depreciation for 2021. a. Depreciation for 2020 Account Name Dec 31, 2020 Depreciation Expense 254,400 x Accumulated Depreciation 254,400 x Date Dr. Cr. Cr. b. Disposal of the warehouse in 2021 Date Account Name Jan. 01, 2021 Cash Accumulated Depreciation Inventory Dr. 30,400 x 289,600 X . x 0 320,000 x Cr. c. Depreciation for 2021 Date Account Name Dec. 31, 2021 Depreciation Expense Accumulated Depreciation Dr. 235,200 x 0 235,200 X Check
To record the depreciation for 2020, the journal entry is as follows:
Date: Dec 31, 2020
Account Name: Depreciation Expense | 254,400
Accumulated Depreciation | 254,400
Debit: Depreciation Expense | 254,400
Credit: Accumulated Depreciation | 254,400
To record the disposal of the warehouse in 2021, the journal entry is as follows:
Date: Jan 01, 2021
Account Name: Cash | 30,400
Accumulated Depreciation | 289,600
Inventory | 320,000
Debit: Cash | 30,400
Debit: Accumulated Depreciation | 289,600
Debit: Inventory | 320,000
Credit: Total | 640,000
To record the depreciation for 2021, the journal entry is as follows:
Date: Dec 31, 2021
Account Name: Depreciation Expense | 235,200
Accumulated Depreciation | 235,200
Debit: Depreciation Expense | 235,200
Credit: Accumulated Depreciation | 235,200
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