The hardening of the myelin sheath can result in loss of insulation along with disruption of action potential propagation along axons.
What is multiple sclerosis?It is possible for multiple sclerosis (MS) to disable the spinal cord and brain (central nervous system).
Myelin, the protective coating that protects nerve fibers, is attacked by the immune system in MS, which impairs brain-to-body communication. The condition may eventually result in nerve degeneration or irreversible impairment.
Therefore, hardening of the myelin sheath would result in loss of insulation and disruption of action potential propagation along axons.
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Compare and contrast a pine cone and a flower in terms of structure and function.
compare the structure and function of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acid macromolecules.
All the biomolecules (carbohydrates, proteins and nucleic acid) are polymers of some monomeric unit except the lipids.
Carbohydrates are the polyhydroxy ketones or aldehydes. These can be monosaccharides or polysaccharides (polymers of monosaccharides). They are essential for providing energy to the body. Proteins are the polymers of amino acids. They are essential for the body-building and repair of the body.
Nucleic acids are the polymers of nucleotides. A nucleotide is composed of a pentose sugar, nitrogenous base and a phosphate group. There are two types of nucleic acids: DNA and RNA. Nucleic acids contain the genetic material. Lipids are the aggregates and not actually a biomolecule. The structure of lipid is composed of a polar hydrophilic head and a non-polar hydrophobic tail. These are involved in the formation of membranes of the cell.
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Is the current state of federalism working in the united states why and why not
Yes, the current state of federalism working in the united states.
What is federalism?The constitutional division of authority between U.S. state governments and the federal government of the United States is known as federalism in the country.
The US uses federalism for what purposes?In order to find a balance between order and liberty, the Founders listed several justifications for forming a federalist government:
eliminating tyrannyto promote increased political engagementto use state governments as "laboratories" for fresh initiatives and strategies.The Constitution of the United States established a "dual sovereignty" arrangement whereby the States cede many of their powers to the Federal Government while still retaining some sovereignty. The constitutional division of authority between U.S. state governments and the federal government of the United States is known as federalism in the country.
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Fatty acids are catabolized into two carbon molecules during the process of __________.
Fatty acids are catabolized into two carbon molecules during the process of Beta oxidation.
.
What are the two categories that fatty acids are grouped in ?There are two groups of fatty acids saturated and unsaturated. The term unsaturated refers to the presence of one or more double bonds between carbons as in alkenes . A saturated fatty acids has all bonding positions between carbons occupied by hydrogen .
Beta oxidation , in the mitochondrial matrix , then cuts the long carbon chains of the fatty acids into a series of two carbon units , which combined with coenzyme A.
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Why might frequent use of a hot tub make it harder for a couple to conceive a child?
The frequent use of a hot tub makes it harder for a couple to conceive a child because taking hot baths will heat the sperm cells and impair sperm cell functions.
The use of a hot tub while conceiving significantly led to the reduction of sperm count, sperm concentration (volume), and shape of the sperm (morphology).
Studies have shown that heat exposure can damage the DNA of a sperm cell. Therefore, to produce healthy sperm, men's testes need a cooler environment.
Staying in a hot tub raises the body temperature which has a negative effect on the male partner to make healthy sperm.
Also, for women, raising body temperature during early pregnancy may be led to birth defects or even miscarriage.
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(c) On a moonlit night, would a dark brown mouse be more likely to escape predation by owls on dark-or light-colored soil? Explain your answer.
On a moonlit night, would a dark brown mouse be more likely to escape predation by owl because a dark brown mouse is less likely to visible to the eye of the owl.
Give an example of what predatory behavior is.Predation is an encounter between two organisms in which the stronger, or prey, organism is killed and eaten. An organic method of moving the energy fixed by plants to higher trophic levels is through predation. Snake devouring a frog and tiger hunting and eating a deer are two examples.
A dark brown mouse is is more likely to escape predation under a full moon on a dark colored soil most likely because it is less visible to the eye of the owl.
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which of the following best describes the location or function of the epithelial feature of desmosomes?
Main junctions for binding cells together is the best describes the location or function of the epithelial feature of desmosomes.
Intercellular connections between cardiac muscle and epithelia are known as desmosomes. Desmosomes are specialised for strong adhesion, and their failure can result in disorders of the skin and heart. They endure mechanical stress because they acquire a powerfully sticky condition that is said to be hyper-adhesive and separates them from other intercellular junctions.All three of the major embryonic layers give rise to epithelial tissue. The ectoderm gives rise to the epithelial tissue that makes up the cutaneous membranes. The majority of the mucous membranes' epithelial tissue comes from the endoderm. Mesoderm is the source of the epithelial tissue that coats the body's veins and openings.To learn more about epithelial.
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When ATP binds, what prevents the filaments from sliding back into their original positions?
There are always cross-bridges of myosin associated with actin muscle fibers during contraction. Thus, retrograde slip of the actin filaments is prevented.
What is myosin cross-bridge?A special structure consisting of two spherical ends on each myosin molecule that interact in the presence of calcium ions with specific sites on a thin actin filament. The transverse bridges contain ATPase and create tension as the muscle fiber develops during muscle activity.
What is the myosin cross-bridge used for?Active muscles are produced by cross-bridges (i.e. projections of thick fibers attaching to thin fibers and exerting force on them). As the active muscle lengthens or shortens and the filaments slide past each other, the cross bridges repeatedly break and reattach in new positions.
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tyler wants to learn about the types of insects in the soil near his house. which would be a benefit of carrying out a descriptive investigation? brainly
He could collect large amount of data for a low cost.
What is the benefit of carrying out a descriptive investigation?The goal of descriptive investigation is to describe. It should provide factual, accurate and systematic descriptions of phenomena without attempting to infer causal relationships. It does not answer questions about the how, when, or why a particular phenomenon occurred.
For descriptive investigation he could collect a large amount of data for a low cost. He could control most of the variables affecting the insects.
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When you wave your right hand, what part of your brain initiates the action?
When you wave your right hand, the part of the brain that initiates the same action is known as the cerebral cortex of the left hemisphere.
What are the functions of the brain?The functions of the brain are as follows:
It is a type of complex organ that regulates breathing, temperature, motor skills, etc. The Brain also controls your emotions, thoughts, memory, hunger, vision, etc. Along with the spinal cord, it forms the structure of the central nervous system. Perception of numerous sensations is also regulated by the brain.The cerebral cortex on the left side of the brain also known as the left hemisphere initiates voluntary movement of the right side of the body including movement and function. This side of the brain is also responsible for language and speech.
Therefore, the cerebral cortex of the left hemisphere initiates the action of waving your right hand.
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Biomolecules contain a variety of atoms. Which biomolecule maintains a ratio of 1 carbon atom to 2 hydrogen atoms to 1 oxygen atom?
protein
carbohydrate
nucleic acid
lipid
The biomolecule which maintains a ratio of 1 carbon atom to 2 hydrogen atoms to 1 oxygen atom is referred to as carbohydrate and is denoted as option B.
What is Carbohydrate?This is referred to a type of biomolecule which when broken down in living cells release energy which is needed for their daily activities. It is mostly found in food substances and contain elements such as:
CarbonHydrogenOxygen.It maintains a ratio of 1 carbon atom to 2 hydrogen atoms to 1 oxygen atom and an example is glucose which has a chemical formula of C₆H₁₂O₆ which is in the ratio of 1:2:1
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Answer:
B. Carbohydrate
Explanation:
When cell size increases due to an accumulation of protein and lipids, the increase is characterized as _____.
When the cell size increases due to the accumulation of the protein and lipids, which increase it is characterized as hypertrophy
Hypertrophy is the increase in the size of the cells (or tissues) in response to the various stimuli. A typical example is the muscular hypertrophy in the response to the exercise. the Exercise stimulates the skeletal and the cardiac muscle fibers to that increase in in diameter and to accumulate them in more structural contractile proteins. the Hypertrophy is defined as the increase in the size of the cells, tissue, or the organs in your body. the Muscle hypertrophy can also occur as a result of the exercise, especially weight training exercise. the Lifting weights and consistently (and safely) challenging muscle tissue and can cause it to get bigger
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Select all examples of observations that are objective, rather than subjective.
The taste of a particular food
The fat content of a particular food
The desirability of a particular work of art
The appeal of a musical composition
The effect of a new drug on blood cholesterol
The examples of observations that are objective, rather than subjective are as follows:
The fat content of a particular foodThe effect of a new drug on blood cholesterolWhat is objectivity?Objectivity is the state of being objective i.e. being unbiased and not influenced by emotions or personal prejudices.
On the other hand, subjectivity is the act of being subjective i.e. as in opinions, based upon a person's feelings or intuition, not upon observation or reasoning.
According to this question, the examples of observations that are objective, rather than subjective are as follows:
The fat content of a particular food is objective because it is not based on opinionThe effect of a new drug on blood cholesterol is also objective because it is not based on individual's emotions.Learn more about objectivity at: https://brainly.com/question/1282756
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Is it possible for completely opposite adaptations to be most advantageous in different situations/for different species? use the tortoise and the hare as an example (scientifically).
Yes it is possible for completely opposite adaptations to be most advantageous in different situations/for different species. The ability to run fast is advantageous for hare, as it will be able to run away from the danger. And the shell of the tortoise is advantageous as it can hide inside upon sensing unfavorable conditions.
Adaptations are the changes that an organism does upon itself to survive better in its surroundings. An adaptation is considered successful, if the organism is able to reproduce efficiently along with it.
Adaptations differ from one species to another and from one geographical area to another, even among the same species. Both plants and animals can undergo adaptations.
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What are the chances of two grey dogs (grey the dominant G) with a recessive white allele (g) producing a white pup?
What would that look like in a punnet square?
Answer: 25%
Explanation:
There would be a 75% chance of the dogs producing a grey pup, meaning there would be a 25% chance of the dogs producing a white pup.
Draw five water molecules. (Use structural formulas; show partial charges.) Show how they make hydrogen bonds with each other.
Water is the polar molecule made up of 2 hydrogen atom and one oxygen atom.
Which of the following can join water molecules through hydrogen bonds?
With water, methylamine forms hydrogen bonds. It is soluble in water as a result. The more electronegative nitrogen of methylamine is drawn to by the hydrogen of water. In contrast, the amine group's hydrogen forms a hydrogen bond with oxygen by attraction.
Due to polarity of water and ability to form hydrogen bonds, it is an excellent solvent for many different substances.
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the lymphatic system is a closed circuit system that carries lymph and interstitial fluid to all organs of the body and can facilitate the spread of disease throughout the body.
The statement 'the lymphatic system is a closed system that carries lymph and interstitial fluid to all organs and facilitate the spread of disease throughout the body' is TRUE.
What is the lymphatic system?The lymphatic system is an organ system composed of different structures and organs which include bone marrow, thymus, lymphatic vessels. etc.
This organ system is responsible for the production and processing of the different types of plasma white cells (lymphocytes) that act during immune responses.
In conclusion, the statement 'the lymphatic system is a closed circuit system that carries lymph and interstitial fluid to all organs of the body and can facilitate the spread of disease throughout the body' is TRUE.
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What is the process whereby the structure and function of brain cells change in response to trauma, damage, or even learning?
Neuroplasticity is the process whereby the structure and function of brain cells change in response to trauma, damage, or even learning.
In the field of biology, neuroplasticity can be defined as the exceptional quality of the brain to rearrange its neural network in order to adapt to changes such as trauma, damage, or even learning. These structure and function changes in the brain are a sign of adaptation.
Neuroplasticity helps the brain to respond and cope with changing conditions. The activities in the neurons present in the brain change as a result of neuroplasticity.
Neuroplasticity occurs most through the developing phases of an individual and can even be observed in adults.
The presence of the neuroplasticity feature in the brains makes researchers realize that the brain of an individual keeps developing with time.
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It is difficult for molecules to pass through the phospholipid bilayer because.
Answer:
please rate as brainliest
Explanation:
Large polar or ionic molecules, which are hydrophilic, cannot easily cross the phospholipid bilayer.
while there are many similarities between bacteria and archaea, recognition of their differences resulted in them being sorted into entirely different
While there are many similarities between bacteria and archaea, recognition of their differences resulted in them being sorted into entirely different taxa.
Archaea is a different domain in the Woese classification. The members of Archaea are also called the extremophiles. This is because they are found in extreme habitats like the hot spring, salty waterbodies or regions where methane gas is produced.
Taxa is defined as the rank or level of classification, Organisms of the same taxa are of similar type having the same preferences, habitat, food habits, etc. There are 7 taxa in the biological classification. These are: Kingdom, Phylum/Division, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species.
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What mechanism of gene transfer do you think was responsible for transferring the antibiotic resistant gene between these two strains of bacteria? explain your answer.
conjunction mechanism of gene transfer
the process of introducing new DNA into an organism's cells using modified viruses and plasmids as carriers. Cells can be transformed ex vivo for delivery to people or in vivo through gene therapy administered directly to the patient. The non-sexual transmission of genetic data between genomes is referred to as horizontal gene transfer (HGT; often referred to as lateral gene transfer). Genes can be replaced by incoming DNA or RNA, or new genes can be added to a genome. The exchange of genes across organisms is referred to as gene transfer. Both horizontal and vertical gene transfers are possible. When a DNA segment is copied and inserted from one place of the same molecule to another, the transfer of genes occurs horizontally.
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Which process happens in the nucleus?
O Transcription
O Both Transcription and Translation
O Translation
O Protein Folding
Answer:
Transcription
Explanation:
Transcription occurs in the nucleus.
Translation occurs in the ribosomes.
A butterfly goes through the stages of development in a process called metamorphosis. What characteristic of life does this describe?.
A butterfly goes through the stages of development in a process called metamorphosis and the characteristic of life does this describe are
A biological process called metamorphosis aids in the physical growth of a butterfly egg into an adult butterfly.
It mostly concerns cell division and development after sudden alterations to their physical makeup. They go through full metamorphosis or holometaboly.
The life cycle of a butterfly includes the egg, larva, pupa, and adult stages. In a few days, eggs laid by female flies develop into feeding caterpillars. The caterpillar goes through five cycles of shedding before entering the pupal stage, where it hides and rapidly changes into an adult in a matter of weeks.
The innocent, developing butterfly goes through a few more modifications, grows stronger, and matures into an adult butterfly that is prepared to fly.
A biological process called metamorphosis involves an obvious and relatively sudden change in the animal's body structure as a result of cell proliferation and differentiation, including birth or hatching.To know more about Metamorphosis visit:
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Creates a barrier between the inside of the cell and the outside of the cell
Answer:
Cell wall
Explanation:
Can I have brainliest? It would help me out, if not thanks anyways! Hope this helped and have a nice day :)
Answer:
The barrier between the outside of the cell and the inside of the cell is called plasma membrane.
Explanation:
If you know NPP, what additional variable do you need to know to estimate NEP? Why might measuring this variable be difficult, for instance, in a sample of ocean water?
For estimation of NEP, a person will be required to measure the respiration of all organisms in a given ecosystem, not only the respiration of primary producers.
In regards to the sample of ocean water, the primary producers as well as other organisms are known to be mixed together, making their respective respirations very difficult to separate
What is a way that NPP can be measured?In regards to terrestrial systems, NPP is one that can be calculated by knowing or finding the annual carbon storage increase.
One need to make use of the biomass and carbon storage estimates from a given sample site to be able to calculate aboveground NPP.
Therefore, For estimation of NEP, a person will be required to measure the respiration of all organisms in a given ecosystem, not only the respiration of primary producers.
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Fruit is an example of a renewable resource. True or False
Answer:
Explanation:
mmmm
Fruit is an example of a renewable resource. The statement is true.
Fruits are derived from plants that can be cultivated, grown, and harvested repeatedly.
As long as the plants are properly maintained and their fruits are harvested sustainably, they can continue to produce new fruit crops in subsequent growing seasons.
This makes fruit a renewable resource compared to finite resources that cannot be replenished once depleted.
Renewable resources are those that can be replenished or regenerated naturally within a reasonable time frame.
In the case of fruit, it comes from plants, such as trees or vines, that have the ability to bear fruit multiple times during their lifespan.
Thus, the given statement is true.
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After a heavy rain, earthworms come to the surface. How would you explain this behavior in terms of an earthworm's requirements for gas exchange?
Earthworms need to keep their skin moist for gas exchange but also require air beyond the sticky layer, which is why they come to the surface after a big rain.
The phylum Annelida, which includes terrestrial invertebrates, includes earthworms. While some Annelid species use specialized gills or paired projections called parapodia, many Annelid species breathe through their moist skin. They maintain life by exchanging gas through their skin. Areas of the bodily cavity where this takes place termed the capillary beds.The passive diffusion of gases over a surface is known as gas exchange. Gas exchange takes place when oxygen molecules enter the bloodstream and carbon dioxide molecules are expelled into the atmosphere.Reducing water loss and preserving a moist gas exchange surface are made possible by gas exchange (the lungs). As a result, animals can live in more types of terrestrial settings.Learn more about the Phylum annelida with the help of the given link:
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Suppose a new fishery is discovered, and you are put in charge of developing it sustainably. What ecological data might you want on the fish population? What criteria would you apply for the fishery's development?
You would need to know the population's size and average reproduction rate, at the very least. You would aim for a harvest rate that maximizes the fishery's catch over the long term rather than the short term in order to develop the fishery sustainably.
Development of fishery need
The presence of plankton
Continental Shelves' Nature
Carbon Fixation Rate
Broken or Indented Coastline
Climate of Moderation Topography
skills related to fishery
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When scientists were trying to determine the molecule that can transform non-virulent bacteria into virulent bacteria, they found that a cell extract treated with rnase could still transform the cells. Why was this?.
Answer:
This question seems to be a little confusing but we can say.
Explanation:
Only the RNase-treated extracts using heat-killed cells are incapable of turning nonvirulent bacteria towards virulent ones.
Scientists conducted an experiment to discover Griffith's "transforming principle," which describes how transformation is indeed a method of recombining, transmitting, or even transferring genetic information across organisms either from one species to the next. They did this by using heat-inactivated cells & purifying their transforming factor.
As in experiments conducted by the scientists, the pure cells did not provide favorable outcomes, but they did show transformants that were quite close to DNA. A scientist Avery, meanwhile, had his doubts that the outcome must be revised because the molecule did not contain DNA. This happens due to the transforming principle being unaffected by RNA degrading enzymes, whereas the only one cell extracts that can prevent the transformation of non-virulent bacteria onto virulent bacteria are those that have been treated with RNase.
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Compare and contrast the nutritional mode of a fungus with your own nutritional mode.
Answer:
-Fungi and humans are both heterotrophs.
-Most fungi digest their food externally by secreting enzymes into the food and then absorbing the small molecules that result from digestion.
-In contrast, humans digest internally, within our bodies.