Answer: D. all of the above
Explanation:
In price negotiations, the parties must have a Zone Of Possible Agreement (ZOPA) which is a term used to describe the range in which both parties find common ground and can strike an agreement in.
There must also be a Best Alternative To a Negotiated Agreement(BATNA) which is the course of action that a party can take should negotiations with the other party break down. This BATNA will be the most advantageous alternative outside of a good deal being reached.
Then there must be a reservation price which is a price at which both parties can go no further. For the seller it is the lowest price they are willing to sell and for the buyer it is the highest they are willing to buy.
All the options are therefore in every price negotiation.
Question 16 of 20
Frank just met with his marketing team to create his billboard sign. So far, he
knows the billboard will have a catchy slogan, a brief description about the
company and what makes them different, and information directing
customers to visit his website. What element of an effective advertisement is
Frank's billboard missing?
A. Unique selling proposition
B. Call to action
C. Appropriate information
O D. Exciting graphics and color
Answer:
b. call to action
Explanation:
An element of an effective advertisement is Frank's billboard missing is Call to action. Thus the correct option is B.
What is advertisment?An advertisement is referred tool of promotion to create awareness of any product among customers and persuade them to make a purchase which helps in the sales of the product.
In this paragraph, it is described that Billboards have a catchy slogan that gets successful gets the attention of the customer, and influences them to make a visit to their website.
The element of effective advertising which the billboard is missing is a call to action that encourages customers to take action of buying. Here Billboards is unable to tell a story to engage customers so that they will not turn their actions of buying.
Therefore, option B is appropriate.
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4. When the actual price of a good is above its equilibrium market price, competition
among
A. buyers will force the actual price upward.
B. sellers will force the actual price upward.
C. sellers will force the actual price downward.
D. buyers will force the actual price downward.
E none of the above.
Answer:
C.
Explanation:
Because naturally within a market the equilibrium price is trying to be reached, (besides price ceilings and floors imposed by the government), Sellers will naturally push the price downwards because they must compete with each other to make a living. Thus answer C. is correct.
The separation of the ownership of the firm from the control of the firm leads to: ____________
a. debt financing.
b. an agency problem.
c. depreciation.
d. equity financing.
Answer:
D. Equity financing
Explanation:
Hope this helps!
In a single period system, the target ________ is the balancing point between shortage costs and excess costs.
Answer: service level
Explanation:
A single period inventory model typically occurs to the organizations that order one-time items. In this case, such organizations can only get the right quantity when they order once in order to prevent loss.
In a single period system, the target service level is the balancing point between shortage costs and excess costs.
The combination of debt financing and equity financing that maximizes a firm's value is known as its:
Answer:
optimal capital structure
Explanation:
optimal capital structure can be regarded as a combination of
of debt and equity financing which brings about maximization of amarket value in a firm. It should be noted that optimal capital structure is the combination of debt financing and equity financing that maximizes a firm's value.
A portfolio has 70 shares of Stock A that sell for $30 per share and 125 shares of Stock B that sell for $17 per share. (a) What is the portfolio weight of Stock A?(b) What is the portfolio weight of Stock B?
Answer:
Portfolio weight of Stock A=49.70%
Portfolio weight of Stock A=50.29%
Explanation:
Calculation for the portfolio weight of Stock A and Stock B
First step is to calculate the total amount invested in both portfolio weight of Stock A and Stock B
Stock A and Stock B Total amount invested=
(A 70 shares*$30 per share)+ (B 125 shares*$17 per share)
Stock A and Stock B Total amount invested=$2,100+$2,125
Stock A and Stock B Total amount invested=$4,225
Now let calculate the PORTFOLIO WEIGHT OF STOCK A
Using this formula
Portfolio weight of Stock A=Stock A/Stock A and Stock B Total amount invested
Let plug in the formula
Portfolio weight of Stock A=(70 shares*$30 per share)/$4,225
Portfolio weight of Stock A=$2,100/$4,225
Portfolio weight of Stock A=0.4970*100
Portfolio weight of Stock A=49.70%
Therefore the Portfolio weight of Stock A
will be 49.70%
Calculation for PORTFOLIO WEIGHT OF STOCK B
Using this formula
Portfolio weight of Stock B=Stock B/Stock A and Stock B Total amount invested
Let plug in the formula
Portfolio weight of Stock B=(125 shares*$17 per share)/$4,225
Portfolio weight of Stock B=$2,125/$4,225
Portfolio weight of Stock B=0.5029*100
Portfolio weight of Stock B=50.29%
Therefore the Portfolio weight of Stock will be 50.29%
Harrold is the project manager for his organization and he has seven people on his project team. Who is responsible for executing the project plan and creating the project deliverables?A. Project lead.B. Project manager and the project team.C. Project manager.
D. Project team.
Answer: D. Project team
Explanation:
The project team is responsible for executing the project plan and creating the project deliverables. They are also in charge of contributing to the success of the project by making sure that the project objectives are achieved.
Each team mate has a specific role that he or she is assigned and the team should execute the tasks assigned to them successfully.
Match the jobs with the career clusters
FOR PLATO EXPLORING CAREER OPTIONS POST TEST!
Health Science
Hospitality and Tourism
Human Services
List of Careers:
- Radiologist
-Sociologist
-Concierge
-Nurse Practitioner
-Meeting Planner
-Adult Care Counselor
?
Answer:
Health Science - Radiologist, Nurse Practitioner
Hospitality and Tourism - Concierge, Meeting Planner
Human Services - Sociologist, Adult Care Counselor
There are different career: Health Science: Nurse Practitioner, radiologist. Hospitality and Tourism: meeting planner, concierge. Human Services: adult care counselor and sociologist.
Various occupations connected to healthcare and medicine are included in the health science career cluster. Radiologist and Nurse Practitioner are two professions that fall within this cluster.
The hospitality and tourism career cluster covers a variety of occupations that are connected to the management, marketing, and operation of eateries, accommodation, attractions, leisure activities, and travel-related services.
The human services career cluster encompasses a variety of occupations dedicated to helping people and communities.
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Carter's preferred stock pays a dividend of $1.40 per quarter. If the price of the stock is $69.00, what is its nominal (not effective) annual expected rate of return?
Answer:
Carter's preferred stock nominal annual expected rate of return is 8.12%.
Explanation:
Nominal annual expected rate of return of a preferred stock can be described as the current or unadjusted rate of return of the stock.
The nominal annual expected rate of return can be calculated as follows:
Nominal annual expected rate of return = Annual preferred stock dividend per share / Preferred stock price ............. (1)
Where;
Annual preferred stock dividend per share = Dividend per quarter * 4 = $1.40 * 4 = $5.60
Preferred stock price = $69.00
Substituting the values into equation (1), we have:
Nominal annual expected rate of return = $5.60 / $69.00 = 0.0812, or 8.12%
Therefore, Carter's preferred stock nominal annual expected rate of return is 8.12%.
Economies of scale occur when a firm's long-run average total cost curve is ___________________. a. upward sloping.b. vertical.c. downward sloping.d. horizontal.
Answer:
The correct answer is the option C: Downward sloping.
Explanation:
To begin with, the concept known as "Economies of Scale" is a vary famously term in the microeconomics theory due to the fact that it refers to the particular situation that a company achieves when their costs are at the lowest possible point in the long run becuase of the great volumen in production that the organization is starting to handle so that means that the more they start to produce the less the amount that the company will have to spend in the costs. Therefore that the curve in the graphic will be downward sloping due to the decrease of the prices in the costs implicating the amount that the company is handling.
A college education fund is to be accumulated by twenty level semi-annual deposits, the first due on Jan. 1, 2011. The fund is to provide sixteen quarterly withdrawals of $1000 each, the first due on Oct 1, 2020. The nominal annual rate of interest is 10% convertible semi-annually. What is the amount of each deposit?
Answer:
$395.74
Explanation:
the college fund requires 20 equal semiannual payments starting January 1, 2011 and the last one should be made on July 1, 2020.
first we must determine the effective rate of the fund:
effective rate = (1 + 10%/2)² - 1 = 10.25%
now we must determine the quarterly rate:
quarterly rate = (1 + r)¹/⁴ - 1 = 2.47%
the present value of the annuity:
PV = distribution x annuity factor
distribution = $1,000PV annuity factor, 2.47%, 16 periods = 13.08553PV = $1,000 x 13.08553 = $13,085.53
that means that by July 1, 2020, you need to have $13,085.53 in your college fund
FV of an annuity = contribution x annuity factor
FV = $13,085.53FV annuity factor, 5%, 20 periods = 33.066contribution = FV / annuity factor = $13,085.53 / 33.066 = $395.74
If the European subsidiary of a U.S. firm has net exposed assets of 750,000 Euros, and the euro drops in value from $1.30/euro to $1.20/ Euro the U.S. firm has a translation:__________
a. gain of $75,000
b. loss of $75,000
c. gain of $65,000
d. loss of 546,923
11. Paying off a consumer loan prior to its maturity Paying Off Installment Loans Some installment loans include terms that charge a penalty if the borrower pays off the loan earlier than its maturity date. The specific terms can vary so it’s important to know if a loan you’re considering provides for a prepayment penalty and if it does, what its exact terms are. A common way to compute a penalty is the sum-of-the-digits method. You and your friend recently took out installment loans. You expect to pay off your loan before its maturity date, so you made sure that the contract: Provides for the use of the Rule of 78s Does not contain a prepayment penalty clause Provides for the use of the sum-of-the-digits method Your friend didn’t anticipate being able to pay off the loan before its maturity date—until he won a lot of money in the lottery, enough to pay it off. He decided to pay off the loan today rather than invest his winnings. What’s the most likely reason why? The loan contract would use the sum-of-the-digits method to compute interest if your friend paid off the loan before its maturity date. The interest rate on the loan is lower than the rate of return your friend would earn on his investment. The contract does not contain a prepayment penalty clause. True or False: Computing interest using the sum-of-the-digits method allocates more interest at the beginning of a loan than at the end of the loan. True or False
Howard Company has 10,000 shares of $200 par value, 6% cumulative preferred stock and 150,000 shares of $50 par value common stock. Howard declares and pays cash dividends amounting to $800,000. If no arrearage on the preferred stock exists, how much in total dividends is paid to each class of stock
Answer:
Dividend - Preferred stock = $120000
Dividend - Common stock = $680000
Explanation:
The amount of dividend that is paid to each class of stock can be calculated by first calculating the dividend payable to preferred stock. The amount of dividend on preferred stock is fixed and is paid before the common stockholders are paid. Thus, dividend on preferred stock per year is,
Dividend - Preferred stock = 10000 * 200 * 0.06 = $120000
Thus, out of $800000 cash dividends, $120000 will be paid on the cumulative preferred stock.
Remaining dividend = 800000 - 120000 = $680000
The remaining $680000 will be paid to the common stockholders.
Identify an activity that may not affect independence of mind but is likely to affect independence in appearance.
a. Payment of high audit fees dependent upon profitable financials.
b. Engagement of the CPA and payment of audit fees by a third party.
c. Dependence upon a client for a large percentage of audit fees.
d. Ownership of an immaterial indirect financial interest in the audited client.
e. Performance of valuation services and actuarial services for the same company.
Answer:
c. Dependence upon a client for a large percentage of audit fees.
Explanation:
The independence in appearance means that the auditor integrity, objectivity is compromised and the people have the faith in the auditor and it is based on the other interpretation
While on the other hand, the independent of mind means the auditor is fully independent and unbiased for taking the decisions
Therefore according to the given options, the option c is correct as the appearance of independent is impacted due to the more percentage in the audit fees
In a monopolistically competitive industry, price:______
a. is most likely a bit higher than the competitive market price because of the cost of variety.
b. will exceed the monopoly price due to the destructiveness of competitive forces.
c. will be lower than the competitive price due to cost savings.
d. is contingent on the behavior of other firms because they are mutually interdependent.
Answer:
a
Explanation:
In a monopolistically competitive industry, price is most likely a bit higher than the competitive market price because of the cost of variety.
In a monopolistically competitive market, firms tend to set their prices to be higher than those of the marginal cost. This invariably translates to the fact that market is never really able to be productively efficient.
Firms in monopolistically competitive markets tend to wield the same power, since they're all price makers, they have a low degree of market power.
When operating in a constrained environment, which products should be produced? a. products with the highest contribution margin per unit b. products with the highest contribution margin per unit of the constrained process c. products with the highest selling price d. products with the lowest allocated joint cost
Answer: B. products with the highest contribution margin per unit of the constrained process.
Explanation:
When operating in a constrained environment, the products that should be produced are the products with the highest contribution margin per unit of the constrained process.
This is essential for the company to maximize its total contribution margin. This in turn will help the company in realizing revenue and also maximizing profit.
Van Hookie, Inc. issued bonds with a maturity amount of $200,000 and a maturity ten years from the date of issue. If the bonds were issued at a premium, this indicates that:________
a. the effective yield or market rate of interest exceeded the stated (nominal) rate.
b. the stated rate of interest exceeded the market rate.
c. the market and stated rates coincided.
d. no necessary relationship exists between the two rates
Answer:
c
Explanation:
Suppose apples come in two quality levels, low and high. At a store in the apple-growing region, the price of low-quality apples is $1 per pound, and the price of high-quality apples is $4 per pound. Johnny lives in the apple-growing region and buys eight pounds of each type. His marginal utility of apples is 3 utils for low-quality apples and 12 utils for high-quality apples.
a. Is Johnny maximizing his utility?
b. Suppose Johnny moves to an area outside the apple-growing region. Shipping the apples to his new area adds $2 to the price of a pound of apples, for both low- and high-quality apples. To simplify matters, assume Johnny's income increases by an amount large enough to fully offset the higher prices of apples. In other words, he can still afford the original bundle of eight pounds of each type of apples. If he continues to buy eight pounds of apples of each type, is he maximizing his utility? If not, how should he change his mix of high- and low-quality apples?
c. What are the implications for the mix of high- and low-quality apples in apple-growing areas and other regions? Where will most of the high-quality apples be sold?
Answer:
a. Is Johnny maximizing his utility?
in order to determine if Johnny is maximizing his utility we must calculate the utils per dollar spent on apples:
low = 3 / $1 = 3 utils per $high = 12 / $4 = 3 utils per $since both types of apples yield the same utility per dollar spent, then Johnny is maximizing his utility.
b. Suppose Johnny moves to an area outside the apple-growing region. Shipping the apples to his new area adds $2 to the price of a pound of apples, for both low- and high-quality apples. To simplify matters, assume Johnny's income increases by an amount large enough to fully offset the higher prices of apples. In other words, he can still afford the original bundle of eight pounds of each type of apples. If he continues to buy eight pounds of apples of each type, is he maximizing his utility? If not, how should he change his mix of high- and low-quality apples?
low = 3 / $3 = 1 util per $high = 12 / $6 = 2 utils per $Johnny is no longer maximizing his utility since he should buy less-low quality apples and more high-quality apples
c. What are the implications for the mix of high- and low-quality apples in apple-growing areas and other regions? Where will most of the high-quality apples be sold?
Since distribution costs increase the price of apples equally regardless of their quality, low-quality apples will be consumer more in the areas surrounding apple-growing fields. On the other hand, high-quality apples will be sold in larger amounts in areas far away from apple-growing fields. Distribution costs are based on weight and volume, not quality. That is why it is more profitable to sell high-quality goods far away.
If people's trust in the banking system is reduced due to a surge in bank failures, the money expansion resulting from a new deposit will:____________
a) increase
b) decline
c) not be affected
d) none of the above
Answer:
b) decline
Explanation:
If people's trust in the banking system is reduced due to a surge in bank failures, the money expansion resulting from a new deposit will decline. This happens because people lost trust and hastily withdrawn their money deposited with the bank.
Miller Nwagi will not ride in elevators because he perceives them to be confining boxes that could fall. He refused to visit a store, which was selling his favorite brand of pipe tobacco, because the store could only be reached with an elevator. This would be an example of how _____ influences determine consumer buying decisions
Answer:
Psychological influence
Explanation:
During consumption people sometimes experience Internal influences that are basically stemmed from their own lifestyle and also their way of thinking. These influences arise out of their personal thoughts, their self-concepts, their feelings and also attitudes, lifestyles, motivation and memory. We refer to these internal influences as psychological influences.
Psychological influences is why miller would not ride in elevators due to the perception he has formed internally about elevators. And hence the reason he wouldn't use one.
Which of the following best explains how the rise of machinery created an unfriendly relationship between industrialists and their employees?
A. The industrialist earned his income from the work of others.
B. There was a lack of unions.
C. The employees were underpaid.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
In as much as these are the only options given, then there has to be an answer there. Even though I fancy there being another answer.
But I'd say, the closest to the reason from the aforelisted is that the employees were underpaid. Since the advent of machineries, truth is that there wasn't going to be need for employees. This is because machines tend to have a much better output, better efficiency and won't need to be paid monthly in wages.
Since there isn't need for employees again, the industrialist tend to underpay the employees because they don't see their useful in the first instance
The rise of the use of machine is on the increase. The best explanation as to how the rise of machinery created an unfriendly relationship between industrialists and their employees is the employees were underpaid.
The industrialists did treat their workers bad. They make sure to keep wages as low as ever. Their attitude towards their employee was like if employee did not like the pay, the long hours and other working conditions he could quit and go to other places.
They were super-rich, living in great homes, living life lavishly abut their employees were paid little sum as if they do not have any choice.
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Pablo owns a record store. His total costs are $1.2 million per year, his variable costs are $750,000, and his fixed costs are $450,000 per year. Last year, Pablo sold 1,200 records. If Pablo sells 1,250 records this year (50 more than last year) and his average total cost increases to $1.28 million, we know that the: ________
a. average variable cost of selling records has decreased.
b. marginal cost of those 50 records is $80,000.
c. average fixed cost of selling records is unchanged.
d. marginal cost of those 50 records is $1.28 million.
e. average total cost of selling 1.250 records is $1,000.
Answer:
b. marginal cost of those 50 records is $80,000.
Explanation:
The computation is shown below:
The average cost of selling 1,200 records is
= $1,200,000 ÷ 1,200
= $1,000
Now
The average total cost of selling 1,250 records is
= $1,280,000 ÷ 1,250
= $1,024
Now for the extra 50 records, the marginal cost is
= $1,280,000 - $1,200,000
= $80,000
Hence, the correct option is b.
The amount of loss (lower profit or higher cost) from not making the best decision for each state of nature is known as:______.a. best payoff.
b. opportunity loss.
c. risk profile.
d. utility.
Answer:
b. opportunity loss.
Explanation:
The opportunity loss means the loss that arises by taking the difference between the profit i.e. optimal and the actual payoff received for a specific decision. It could occurred at the time when the best alternative is not picked up.
Therefore according to the given options, the option b is correct as it meets the criteria given in the question
Hence, all the other options are incorrect
Why would an e-mail rule memo like this work better as an innovation-driven company such as Tesla rather than at a manufacturing-driven company such as General Motors
Answer:
An e-mail rule memo like this work better as an innovation-driven company such as Tesla rather than at a manufacturing-driven company such as General Motors is discussed below in details.
Explanation:
The general motor is a very large business in each department with numerous tiers of hierarchy. then departments of the hierarchy are likely to report each other. the company's overall structure is very bureaucratized. one of the disadvantages is that when it comes to decision making and policymaking. General Motors are a slow-moving business. However, this bureaucracy is required by the big organizational structure to keep it together.
Tesla is a business that is younger and relatively lower than General motors because of this general motor funds are likely to be lacking but they are agile and that is their benefit.
An e-mail rule is a rule that determines the better way to mail the messages formally or informally. Tesla is a business that is younger and relatively lower than General motors because of this general motor funds are likely to be lacking but they are agile and that is their benefit.
The reason e-mail rule memo works better as compared to innovation-driven is:
The general motor holds a very large economic activity in each department with numerous tiers of hierarchy and then these departments of the hierarchy are likely to report each other, the company's overall structure is very bureaucratized. One of the disadvantages of this is that when it comes to decision making and policymaking. General Motors are a slow-moving business. However, this bureaucracy is required by the big organizational structure to keep it together.
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Which of the following describes the purpose of the Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation (FDIC)?
O A. To manage the economy by controlling the money supply.
B. To set the required reserve ratio for banks in the United States.
C. To prevent the demand for withdrawals from rising above 10
percent
D. To make sure customers don't lose money if their bank fails.
Answer:
D. To make sure customers don't lose money if their bank fails.
Explanation:
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, or simply the FDIC, is an independent agency whose mandate ensures customers do not lose their deposits should a bank or any other financial institution fails. The FDIC insures customer deposits up to a stated limit per person, per bank, per each account category. The insurance coverage is automatic to all account holders in an FDIC insured bank.
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation is financed by the insurance premiums paid by banks and other institutions. The FDIC’s scope covers checking accounts and savings such as money market accounts and certificates of deposit (CDs).
D is the answer!
source : ay p ex
You use ________________ to communicate a risk and the resulting impact.A. risk management plansB. CBAsC. risk statementsD. POAMs
Answer:A
Explanation:
Printers today have many features that include improved quality, photo printing capabilities, digital camera connectivity, built-in flash memory card readers, wireless connectivity, and faster speed. Suppose you are in the market for a new personal printer. Make a list of the most important features needed to meet your needs, and then research printers to identify the best printer for your needs. Be sure to consider both the price of the printer and the price of consumables (such as paper and ink/toner) in your evaluation process
Answer:
A printer is a device that accepts text and graphic output from a computer and transfers the information to paper, usually to standard size sheets of paper. Printers vary in size, sophistication, speed, and cost. In general, more expensive printers are used for higher-resolution color printing.
Printers today have many features that include improved quality, photo printing capabilities, digital camera connectivity, built-in flash memory card readers, wireless connectivity, and faster speed.
The Six important printer qualities are:
Color: It is important for users who need to print pages for presentations or maps, photos and other pages where color is part of the information. Color printers can also be set to print only in black-and-white. Color printers are more expensive to operate since they use two ink cartridges (one color and one black ink, toner) that need to be replaced after a certain number of pages. Users who don't have a specific need for color and who print a lot of pages will find a black-and-white printer cheaper to operate. Resolution: Printer resolution (the sharpness of text and images on paper) is usually measured in dots per inch (dpi). Most inexpensive printers provide sufficient resolution for most purposes at 600 dpi. Speed: If you do much printing, the speed of the printer becomes important. Inexpensive printers print only about 3 to 6 sheets per minute. Color printing is slower. More expensive printers are much faster.Memory: Most printers come with a small amount of memory (for example, one megabyte) that can be expanded by the user. Having more than the minimum amount of memory is helpful and faster when printing out pages with large images or tables with lines around them (which the printer treats as a large image). Wireless connectivity : Specialized printer nowadays have wireless connectivity which allows user to communicate with the machine without physical operation. Like one can just give command to the printer to print their projects using their mobile phone while sitting on the couch. This feature might add extra bucks to the bill but its worth it. Printer languages The commands from the computer to the printer to tell the printer how to format the document being printed. These commands manage font size, graphics, compression of data sent to the printer, color, etc. The two most popular printer languages are Postscript and Printer Control Language.Conclusively the best printer will be the one which will provide pleasant color contrast, good resolution, enough memory, wireless connectivity and have better language settings.
An import restriction (tariff or quota) creates a net loss in welfare for the importing nation because:___________
a. Domestic production rises in the importing country
b. Income is transferred from consumers in the importing nation to domestic producers
c. Income is transferred from consumers in the importing nation to their government
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
Answer:
Explanation:
An import restriction as the term implies is done to limit the amount of a certain good that is imported into the country. Usually this is done to protect the domestic producers of the good in question who are not be as efficient as the country being imported from and so charge higher prices.
The people in the economy will experience a net loss in welfare because they will now be paying higher prices and as well will be transferring some of their income to their government because import restrictions like tariffs will see their costs passed on to the consumer.
At an output level of 17,500 units, you have calculated that the degree of operating leverage is 3.26. The operating cash flow is $78,000 in this case. Ignore the effect of taxes. What will be the new degree of operating leverage for 18,500 units and 16,500 units? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answers to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) DOL at 18,500 units DOL at 16,500 units
Answer:
DOL at 18,500 = 2.91 DOL at 16,500 = 3.78Explanation:
First find out the Contribution margin per unit and the fixed costs to enable you calculate the profit for the 18,500 units and the 16,500 units.
DOL = Contribution Margin/ Profit
3.26 = Contribution Margin/ 78,000
Contribution Margin = 3.26 * 78,000
= $254,280
Per unit = 254,280/17,500 = $14.53
Fixed Costs = Contribution - Profit
= 254,280 - 78,000
= $176,280
DOL at 18,500 units.
Profit = (14.53 * 18,500) - fixed costs of $176,280
= $92,525
DOL = Contribution/ Profit
= (14.53 * 18,500) / 92,525
= 2.91
DOL at 16,500 units.
Profit = (14.53 * 16,500) - 176,280
= $63,465
DOL = (14.53 * 16,500) / 63,465
= 3.78