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In the light reactions, what is the initial electron donor? Where do the electrons finally end up?
PLEASE HELPP MEE!!!!!!!
A beaker contains a mixture of sand and salt. A student adds water to dissolve the salt. Which processes can be used to separate out the sand and the salt?
A- Filtration to collect the sand and displays too. To collect the salt
B- Filtration to collect both sand and the salt
C- Dislatation to collect the sand and filtration to collect the salt
D- Dislatation to collect both sand and salt
The process that can be used to separate out the sand and the salt is filtration to collect the sand and displays too. The correct option is A.
What is filtration?Separating solid from liquid particles is done through filtration. A filtration paper separates them, keeping the liquid filter in the beaker and the solid particles in the paper.
Here, sand and salt are combined in a beaker. The leftover sand will be filtered from the paper after the remaining water and salt have been added to it.
Thus, the correct option is A. Filtration to collect the sand and displays too.
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The major specialty within anthropology that involves the analysis of the material remains of the human past is called?
The major specialty within anthropology that involves the analysis of the material remains of the human past is called Archaeology
The study of the ancient and recent human past via artifacts is called archaeology. The million-year-old remains of our oldest human predecessors found in Africa may be studied by archaeologists. The scientific study of human activity via the recovery and examination of material culture is known as archaeology or archeology. The objects, buildings, biofacts or environmental facts, places, and cultural landscapes that make up the archaeological record. Both a social science and a humanities subfield, archaeology is both. In North America, archaeology is a subfield of anthropology, although in Europe it is frequently seen as either a discipline in and of itself or as a subfield of other disciplines.
Archaeologists research the prehistory and history of the human species, starting with the creation of the first stone tools at Lomekwi, in East Africa, 3.3 million years ago, and continuing up to the present.
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group of students are conducting an experiment. Since potatoes contain both sugar and water, the students use them in the experiment. The students cut six equal cubes of potato and weigh them. They place the six cubes into six different beakers containing different concentrations of sugar solutions, then weigh each potato cube after 24 hours and calculate the percent change in mass. The graph below shows the result of their experiment.
Which of the statements below is a valid conclusion about this experiment?
a
The higher the concentration of sugar, the more likely the water concentration will be at equilibrium.
b
The lower the concentration of sugar, the more likely the potato will gain mass.
c
The higher the concentration of sugar, the more likely the potato will gain mass.
d
The lower the concentration of sugar, the less likely the potato will gain mass.
Answer:
the answer is B.
based on the graph, the higher the sugar concentration in the glucose solution, the more the potato strip loses mass. this is due to the net movement of water molecules out of the potato strip into the glucose solution of lower water potential. as such, the potato strip loses more mass if placed in a glucose solution of higher sugar concentration.
B is just the reverse: the lower the sugar concentration of the glucose solution, the more mass would be gained by the potato strip (due to the net movement of water molecules INTO the potato strip this time round)
hope this clears up!
the building blocks or monomers of nucleic acid molecules are called . view available hint(s)for part a the building blocks or monomers of nucleic acid molecules are called . polysaccharides dna and rna fatty acids nucleotides pyrimidines and purines
The building blocks or monomers of nucleic acid molecules are called nucleotides.
In the field of science, nucleic acid molecules can be described as a type of macromolecule that is made from nucleotides. Nucleic acid molecules are important for the sustenance of life as the genetic material of an organism is made from them.
The nucleotides, which are the building blocks of nucleic acid molecules, are produced from three key components. The three key components of nucleotide are nitrogen base, pentose sugar, and a phosphate group.
DNA is a double-stranded nucleic acid molecule made from the nucleotides adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine. RNA is a single-stranded nucleic acid molecule made from adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil.
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which type of restriction enzyme is most often used in biotechnology research due to its specificity
Answer: TYPE 2
Explanation:
Dna double helices are soluble in water but insoluble in alcohol. How do these physical properties reflect the chemical structure of the dna molecule?.
The structure of DNA double helices are hydrophilic due to their highly charged phosphate groups and hence are soluble in water.
DNA is highly polar because of its highly charged phosphate backbone. Water is also polar and thus dissolves DNA following the principle " like dissolves like ''. The DNA is composed of N-bases, phosphate backbone, and pentose sugar. N-bases are hydrophobic but are on the inner side of the structure.
Whereas, phosphates are hydrophilic and are on the outer side of the structure. The presence of phosphates outside the DNA structure makes it water-soluble.
In addition to this, H in water is positively charged and phosphates in DNA are negatively charged. This enables DNA to get dissolved in water. On the other hand, alcohol, being polar, reduces the affinity of hydrogen bonds with DNA, thus making it insoluble in alcohol.
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Explain why a physician might order a white cell count for a patient with symptoms of an infection.
The quantity of white blood cells in your blood is determined by a white blood count. White blood cells make up the immune system. They aid your body in warding off illnesses and infections.
To combat the bacteria, viruses, or other foreign agents that are the source of your sickness, your body produces more white blood cells while you are ill. Your white blood cell count rises as a result.Your body may produce fewer white blood cells than necessary due to other illnesses. Your white blood cell count drops as a result. In this case you need to take it from outside.If you exhibit symptoms of an infection, inflammation, or autoimmune illness, a WBC Count test may be necessary.You could also require this test if you suffer from an immune-suppressing illness or are on medications that do the same. Your healthcare provider might be able to change your therapy if the test reveals that your white blood count is becoming too low.Learn more about the White blood cells with the help of the given link:
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fecal transplant in children with clostridioides difficile gives sustained reduction in antimicrobial resistance and potential pathogen burden
It is true that Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for CDI treatment in children reduces potential pathogen burden and antimicrobial resistance.
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) also known as stool transplant, intestinal microbiota transplantation or bacteriotherapy is performed through a colonoscopy where the microbiota (healthy bacteria) from the carefully screened donor’s feces is transferred to the colon of the recipient.
Children with Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) treated with fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) have lower levels of potential pathogens and genes associated with antimicrobial resistance (AMR), as well as altered microbiota makeup and function. However, the acquisition of some AMR genes post-FMT and the low levels of possible pathogens discovered in donors imply that more research into the screening of donors using metagenomics sequencing prior to FMT is necessary.
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Which method of energy production is most likely to have a negative impact upon the environment?
Answer:
Coal-burning power plant.
Explanation:
Have a great one!
Which of the following would be considered an example of bioremediation? a. adding nitrogen-fixing microorganisms to a degraded ecosystem to increase nitrogen availability b. using a bulldozer to regrade a strip mine c. reconfiguring the channel of a river d. adding seeds of a chromium-accumulating plant to soil contaminated by chromium
A) adding nitrogen-fixing microorganisms to a degraded ecosystem to increase nitrogen availability is considered an example of bioremediation.
Bioremediation is a technique in which organic organisms are used to do away with or neutralize an environmental pollutant through a metabolic manner. The organic organisms include microscopic organisms, together with fungi, algae, and micro organisms, and the remediation treating the situation.
Bioremediation widely refers to any method in which a biological machine, dwelling or useless, is hired for doing away with environmental pollutants from the air, water, soil, flue gasses, commercial effluents, and many others., in herbal or synthetic settings.
Bioremediation uses micro-organisms to lessen pollutants thru the organic degradation of pollutants into non-poisonous materials. this could involve either cardio or anaerobic micro-organisms that frequently use this breakdown as an energy source
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The flaplike opening in the interatrial septum of the fetus through which blood is shunted from the right to the left atrium is the?
The flaplike opening in the interatrial septum of the fetus through which blood is shunted from the right to the left atrium is the foramen ovale.
What is Patent foramen ovale?Patent foramen ovale can be described as the flaplike opening that is been found in between the atrial septa primum and secundum .
This is been located at the at the fossa ovalis and do persists after age 1 year, it should be noted that foramen ovale serves as a physiologic conduit , hence The flaplike opening in the interatrial septum of the fetus through which blood is shunted from the right to the left atrium is the foramen ovale.
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A behavior geneticist would be most interested in studying hereditary influences on?
A behavior geneticist would be most interested in studying hereditary influences on personality traits.
Who is a behavior geneticist?A behaviour geneticist is an individual that studies the relationship between the genetic make up of an individual and their personality traits.
Personality traits are unique for individuals which show how the person think, feel and behave towards a particular stimulus.
Examples of personality traits that has been studied include the following:
Extroversion: This is the type of personality that has the flare for socializing with others.Agreeableness: This is the type of personality that believes in putting other people's needs before theirs.Openness: This is the personality that is intrigued by new experiences.Conscientiousness: This is the type of personality that is very careful with every move they take.Neuroticism: This is the type of personality that are easily depressed by the negative happenings around them.Each individual is been studied and group under the listed personality traits above by a behavior geneticist.
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Snap dragon flower color displays incomplete dominance. Which is the likely phenotypic ratio of the f2 progeny resulting from a monohybrid cross of true-breeding parents with white and red flowers?.
The correct answer is 1 red : 2 pink : 1 white
A monohybrid cross is made up of two organisms that have distinct variants at the same genetic locus. In a monohybrid cross, the character(s) under investigation are controlled by two or more mutations at a single gene locus. Each parent is selected to be homozygous or true breeding for a particular characteristic in order to perform such a cross (locus). When a cross meets the requirements to be classified as a monohybrid cross, it is typically identified by a distinctive distribution of second-generation (F2) offspring, also known as the monohybrid ratio. A monohybrid cross is a cross between two homozygous individuals, which produces the opposite phenotype for a particular genetic characteristic.
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huntington's disease is caused by a dominant allele (h) at an autosomal gene. the disease causes neurodegeneration, and people that have it often die at a young age. you are studying a population and find that the frequency of genotype hh is 0.09. what change might you expect to see in this population over time?
The Huntington's disease is caused by autosomal dominant mutation in HTT gene.
Frequency of genotype HH = 0.09 as H is mutant allele, hence in the population gene frequency change over time.
Huntington's disease is a progressive brain sickness due to a faulty gene. This disease reasons adjustments within the vital region of the brain, which have an effect on motion, mood and wondering talents. An inherited situation wherein nerve cells within the brain wreck down over the years. It normally starts off evolved in a person's 30s or 40s. Commonly, Huntington's disorder consequences in innovative motion, thinking, and psychiatric signs. No therapy exists, however capsules, bodily remedy, and talk remedy can help manipulate some signs.
The price of disorder progression and duration varies. The time from the first symptoms to loss of life is regularly about 10 to 30 years. Juvenile Huntington's disease generally outcomes in death inside 10 years after symptoms increase.
There may be presently no therapy for Huntington's disease or any manner to stop it getting worse. but remedy and assist can help reduce some of the issues it causes, such as: temper swings and involuntary movements. Occupational therapy to help make ordinary obligations less complicated.
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can someone help me with these 2 questions 100 POINTS
Answer: C
Explanation:
Looks like a bacterium
substance x is more concentrated outside the cell than inside the cell. substance z is more concentrated inside the cell than outside the cell. assume that both substances can pass freely through the cell membrane.
Molecules of X will move inside the cell, and molecules of Z wll move outside the cell until equilibrium is reached. One or more atoms make up molecules. They may have the same atoms (for example, an oxygen molecule has two oxygen atoms) or different atoms if they have more than one .
Biological molecules like DNA and proteins can include thousands of atoms. A molecule is the term used to describe the aggregate of atoms that results from the formation of covalent bonds. It might be made up of atoms of just one chemical element, like oxygen (O2), or it can be made up of several different elements, like water (H2O).
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lionfish are native to the tropical waters of the indo-pacific. what conclusions can be made about the impact of climate change on the range of lionfi
Weather alternatives have restricted the habitat of lionfish. It has emerged as an endangered species, decreasing biodiversity.
Lionfish is able to be deduced that weather trade proLionfishposes a big threat to marine communities, specially, invasive species, which might be concerned about. As temperatures keep to rise above the norm, lionfish will amplify their invasion further along the Western Atlantic.
Lionfish is native to the tropical waters of the indo-pacific, conclusions can be made about the impact of weather trade at the variety of lionfish. Extinctions of neighborhood vegetation and animals, decrease biodiversity, compete with local organisms for restricted assets, and exchange habitats.
Invasive lionfish disrupt the herbal cycle of coral reef structures with the resource of competing with local predators and eating big quantities of prey, main to reduced recruitment and viable extirpation of local fish species.
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How is the structure of water unusual for such small molecules
Answer:
Water molecules are polar, with partial positive charges on the hydrogens, a partial negative charge on the oxygen, and a bent overall structure.
Explanation:
This is because oxygen is more electronegative, meaning that it is better than hydrogen at attaching electrons. Water is an excellent solvent.
(b) How many dark brown mice were caught in the dark-colored soil enclosure on a moonlit night?
About 12 dark brown mice were caught in the dark-colored soil enclosure on a moonlit night.
What is mouse models with camouflage coloration?
This model simulates natural selection and adaptation in rock pocket mouse populations found primarily in rock outcrops in the deserts of the southwestern United States and Mexico. This model is based on a lesson plan designed by the [Howard Hughes Medical Institute]The model simulates changes in coat color in a population of rock pocket mice due to predation. Mice that cannot camouflage have a higher chance of being predatory when predators are present. Users can examine how a population evolves through natural selection under different environmental conditions.To learn more about mouse models with camouflage coloration, refer to:
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when considering abnormal epigenetic modifications, what factor is currently being viewed as strongly associated with the development of some cancers?
The factor strongly associated with the development of some cancers when considering abnormal epigenetic modifications is environmental stressors.
What are epigenetic modifications?Epigenetic modifications are chemical modifications such as DNA methylation and histone acetylation that change normal gene expression patterns.
Epigenetic modifications represent the most important factor to control gene expression patterns in different cell lineages because they alter the accessibility of transcription factors to DNA gene regions.
Abnormal epigenetic modifications are associated with environmental stressors such as pollutants in the air that induce the emergence of this type of epimutations.
In conclusion, the factor strongly associated with the development of some cancers when considering abnormal epigenetic modifications is environmental stressors.
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How do stem cells from the bone marrow of an adult differ from embryonic stem cells (see Concept 20.3)?
Adult stem cells have little potential, however embryonic stem cells can develop into anything. Embryonic stem cells are also simple to cultivate. Embryonic stem cells, which can differentiate into any cell, make up embryos.
A stem cell is an unspecialized biological cell that may differentiate into several adult cell types and divide to produce more of the same type of cell, helping to regenerate and repair damaged tissue. They can be given by a young mother or a healthy adult.Bone marrow is the name for the soft material that fills the middle of the bones. There are many blood vessels in it. Red and yellow bone marrow make up both forms of human bone marrow. The bone marrow is where white blood cells and red blood cells are created.From embryos that are three to five days old, embryonic stem cells are produced. Embryonic stem cells are excellent for regenerating or restoring harmed tissue and organs due to their flexibility. Because they are only found in a few specific bodily regions, adult stem cells only occur in a few number of variations.Learn more about the stem cells with the help of the given link:
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Suppose that an invasive fungus killed most individuals of Mytilus at these sites. Predict how species richness would be affected if Pisaster were then removed.
Even in the absence of Pisaster, the extinction of members of the dominating species Mytilus should increase the diversity of species.
Why are dominant species important?In controlling species diversity and ecosystem productivity, dominant species are crucial. For instance, numerically dominating species might reduce species variety by inhibiting the emergence of new species in a forest ecosystem (Gilbert et al. 2009; Crutsinger et al. 2010).
What is an example of a dominating species?Their height has an impact on others' vegetation as well as the survival of numerous species that depend on them. Conifers, such as larch, spruce, and fir, are specific examples of dominant species in the Northern forest.
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Please answer the following questions as instructed
The physical or chemical changes that occur are as follows:
NaCl (Table Salt) dissolves in water- physical changeAg (Silver) tarnishes - chemical changeMilk sours - chemical changeAn apple is cut - physical changeHeat changes H2O to steam - physical changeBaking soda reacts to vinegar - chemical changeFe (Iron) rusts - chemical changeAlcohol evaporates - physical changeIce melts - physical changeSugar dissolves in water - physical changeWood rots - chemical changePancakes cook - chemical changeGrass grows - chemical changeA tire is inflated - physical changeFood is digested - chemical changePaper towel absorbs water - physical changeWhat are physical and chemical changes?Physical changes are changes that are easily reversible and in which no new substances are formed.
Physical changes involve:
a change in size, shape, or state no new substance is formedExamples of physical changes include
evaporation of water, dissolution of sugar in water.
Chemical change are changes that are not easily reversible and in which new substances are formed.
Chemical changes involve:
a change in the physical and chemical propertiesa new substance is formedExamples of chemical changes are rotting of wood, rusting of iron.
In conclusion, changes that new products are formed are chemical changes whereas changes that does not form new products are physical changes.
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Aquatic biomes are categorized by? i. dominant plant growth forms. ii. depth. iii. salinity.
An iii.salinity
Explanation:
The concept that a resource that is degraded by the increasing populations that utilize the resource without any regulation of that resource is referred to as?
The concept that a resource that is degraded by the increasing populations that utilize the resource without any regulation of that resource is referred to as the tragedy of the commons.
Definition of the tragedy of the commons :The tragedy of the commons is a circumstance in which there is an overconsumption of a specific product/service because rational individual decisions result in an outcome that is detrimental to overall wellbeing.
What is a tragedy of the commons example?Extinction of animals: Overfishing and overhunting are examples of individuals acting in their own self-interest depleting a shared pool resource. Natural resource depletion: When common resources are depleted for short-term benefit, the result might be a tragedy of the commons.
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In which two ways do cells use the sugar made in photosynthesis?
A. To produce more oxygen
B. To store chemical energy
C. To make more complex carbohydrates
D. To store inorganic matter
The two ways cells use the sugar made in photosynthesis are to store chemical energy and to make more complex carbohydrates. Therefore, options B and C are correct.
Glucose produced during photosynthesis is stored as chemical energy in the form of complex molecules like starch or glycogen. These energy-rich molecules act as long-term energy reserves that can be later broken down through cellular respiration to provide ATP.
It is also used as a building block to synthesize more complex carbohydrates like cellulose, which forms the structural component of cell walls in plants.
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based on your hypothesis, you predict that the chemical isolated from the fungus will successfully kill cancer cells. to test this prediction, you design the following experiment. you isolate cancerous cells from the colon of a patient from north carolina and culture (grow) the cells in your lab. you divide the cultured cells into four separate culture dishes. you treat two of the dishes with the fungus chemical and the other two with a control solution that does not contain the chemical. over the next ten days, you collect data on the percentage of cells that remain alive in each culture dish.
The values of the data gives the range of the percentage of cells with chemical treatment remaining as [100, 10], while those without treatment have a range of [100, 90], which gives;
Statement(s) supported by the data are;
1. Cancer cells treated with chemical have a lower survival rate than cells that are not treated
3. This chemical will be useful for treating colon cancer but not necessarily other types of cancer
5. After 5 days of chemical treatment, less than 50% of the cancer cells are alive
6. After 10 days without chemical treatment, more than 90% of the cancer cells are alive
Statement(s) not supported by the data
2. Cancer cells treated with chemical have a higher survival rate than cells that are not treated
4. This chemical will be used with all types of cancer
How can the correct information be obtained from the graph?The possible question options of obtained from a similar question are as follows;
Cancer cells treated with chemical have a lower survival rate than cells that are not treatedCancer cells treated with chemical have a higher survival rate than cells that are not treatedThis chemical will be useful for treating colon cancer but not necessarily other types of cancerThis chemical will be used with all types of cancerAfter 5 days of chemical treatment, less than 50% of the cancer cells are aliveAfter 10 days without chemical treatment, more than 90% of the cancer cells are alivePlease find attached the graph displaying the data collected.
Required; To determine the statements that are supported by the graph
Solution
The data on the graph shows that as the number of days increases, the survival rate for cancer cells reduces from 100% to about 10%, such that less than 50% are alive in 5 days, while the survival rate for cells not treated reduces by about 10% to 90% in the same period.
From the graph, we therefore have;
Statement(s) supported by the data
The statements supported by the data are; 1, 3, 5 and 6Statement(s) not supported by the data
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#2
Scientists determined that excess fertilizer from a pig farm entered a shallow lake. The fertilizer initially caused an
increase in aquatic plants in the lake. However, as the plants died and decomposed, there was a decrease in oxygen
levels in the water. The intensity at which a fish species is affected by oxygen levels in the water varies. Trout are the
first to feel the effects at oxygen levels below 5.0 parts per million. Carp been able to survive levels down to about 1.0
ppm for extended periods.
What will most likely happen to the trout and carp populations in the lake if low oxygen level,
or hypoxia, continue over an extended period? Explain using the concepts of range of
tolerance and abiotic factors.
What will probably happen to the populations of trout and carp in the lake if the low level of oxygen, is that the number of species will drastically reduce, because this conditions of oxygenation, an abiotic factor, takes the stress of the animals to its maximum, reducing, or making this ecosystem uninhabitable.
What is range of tolerance?Biologists are often interested in studying and understanding the tolerance limits of different species to different environmental factors.
If you plot how many individuals in a population live below each part of the ranges for any given factor, you will almost always get a bell-shaped curve. Take a look at the two tolerance limits curves shown below. The horizontal axis could be any abiotic factor (environmental conditions), but for now, let's say it's for the oxygen level in freshwater lakes.
If you are studying a particular species of fish, say blackstripe topminnow (Fundulus notatus), you could go out and measure the oxygen level of each lake you find this species of fundulid in and also count how many of these fish are in each lake.
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s a pinpoint depression in the occlusal surface of a posterior tooth where two or more grooves meet.
Pit is a pinpoint depression in the occlusal surface of a posterior tooth where two or more grooves meet.
Occlusal surface is one of the various surfaces of the teeth. It is associated with the chewing. The occlusal surface consists of the premolars and the molars. They are the most commonly used teeth and hence are more prone to wear and tear.
Pits is actually the depression in the enamel layer of the teeth. It is more commonly seen in the premolars and molars as they are more used on daily basis. These may be formed due to bacterial activity in the teeth.
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