The current version of standards for educational and psychological testing conceptualize validity in a way that validity is a unitary concept that represents all evidence.
Kelly (1927) introduced the idea of validity in educational and psychological testing and argued that a test is legitimate if it measures what it claims to assess. A test of intelligence, for instance, should measure intelligence and nothing else (such as memory).
The degree of actual measure of a test that it claims to measure is known as validity. A test must be valid for the results to be applied and interpreted correctly. Both clinical treatment and experimental research both heavily rely on psychological assessment.
While external validity looks at how effectively the results may be applied in other contexts, internal validity concerns how a test is conducted.
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There were communications issues with alice, bob, betty and frank. for each communication issue, where was the breakdown in communications: encoding, decoding, feedback, and so on?
There were communications issues with Alice, Bob, Betty and Frank. for each communication issue, the breakdown in communications for Alice was with encoding, Bob had the unsuited dispatch, Betty had a nervousness escorted by the information and Frank had a dispute with Decoding.
According to the case study, there have been communication gaps among all the team members. Betty, Alice, Bob, and Frank weren't capable to preserve their dispatch skills with Herb. The absence of appropriate correspondence with the project manager, the huge majority of them lost possibilities to urge progressive into the extra level.
Alice didn’t discuss with concerning the letter of proposal for her progression in encoding, and she or he recognized that Herb would offer her that letter all the same once she didn’t raise.
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The department of transportation of a city has noted that on the average there are 17 accidents per day. the average number of accidents is an example of?
The Department of Transportation of a city has noted that on the average there are 17 accidents per day. The average number of accidents is an example of: descriptive statistics.
What is transportation?Moving goods, people, and animals between locations is referred to as transportation. Transportation methods include air, rail, road, water, cable, pipeline, and space travel. Infrastructure, transportation, and operations make up this field.
The freight charge that the buyer must pay to have the delivered goods is known as transportation-in. Freight insurance and customs duties may fall under this cost category.
The assembly of raw materials and distribution of finished goods are both aided by transportation. Moving products from their production location to their intended consumption location is made possible by it. Local markets were the only ones available in the past because there were no reliable transportation options.
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demonstrating that there are many paths to the profession of clinical psychology, more than half of apa-accredited doctoral programs offer .
Demonstrating that there are many paths to the profession of clinical psychology, more than half of APA-accredited doctoral programs offer specialized training. Thus the correct option is B.
What is clinical psychology?The branch of psychology that delivers people complete medical assistance for their mental and behavioral health is referred to as Clinical psychology. In addition to delivering treatment plans, it identifies or examines mental and emotional illnesses in individuals.
There are numerous ways to enter the field of clinical psychology, and more than half of Ph.D. programs with APA accreditation provide specialized study in areas such as clinical, academic, counseling, and developmental science.
Therefore, option B is appropriate.
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The complete question is Probably
Demonstrating that there are many paths to the profession of clinical psychology, more than half of APA-accredited doctoral programs offer _____.
A) focus groups
B) specialty training
C) part-time study
D) online internships
are there any redeeming qualities to elitism and any downsides to pluralism? are there any problems with allowing interest groups to exercise influence over government?
About elitism, there is nothing admirable. Pluralism has no negative aspects, in my opinion.
The main distinction between these two groups is that the elites are recognized for attending elite institutions and are primarily concerned with their own financial security; if there is a chance to make a lot of money, they will grab it. Except when it benefits them in some way, they don't really care what the people have to say.
Elitism is the idea that those who belong to an elite—a small group of people thought to possess an inherent quality, high intelligence, wealth, power, notoriety, special skills, or experience—are more likely to benefit society as a whole and should therefore have more influence or authority than others.
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Statcrunch using your simple linear regression model, what is the value for the slope for this regression model?
The least square regression line, frequently abbreviated as LSRL
Is the line for which the sum of the squares of the residuals is as little as it can be given a bivariate quantitative dataset. M=rsysx, where r is the dataset's correlation coefficient, gives the slope of the LSRL. Y = mX + b, where X is the predictor (independent) variable, m is the estimated slope, and b is the expected intercept, is the formula for simple linear regression. Third: The square regression of the correlation, known as "R-squared," quantifies the "fit" of the regression line to the data. The slope of the regression line is proportional to the correlation coefficient: slope = r*(SD of y)/(SD of x).
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In his research on the limbic system, professor caste electrically stimulates the ____________ of cats and then measures their rage and fear reactions.
In his research on the limbic system, professor caste electrically stimulates the amygdala of cats and then measures their rage and fear reactions.
A limbic system structure involved in memory and emotion, particularly fear and aggression. Damage causes: damage to the amygdala can interfere with memory that is strengthened by emotion. The critical abnormality implicated in impulsive aggression and violence is hyperactivity of the limbic system, including structures such as the amygdala, in response to negative or provocative stimuli, particularly anger provoking stimuli.
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One distinct advantage of group over individual counseling is the ability to _____
One distinct advantage of group over individual counseling is the ability to receive and give support.
When more than one person is receiving treatment at once from at least one therapist, this is referred to as group counseling. There may be multiple therapists in some groups. Depending on the type of therapy, group sizes change.
Advantages of group counseling -
The knowledge that people are not alone. Similar issues and challenges are experienced by other people.
The ability to receive and give support.
A more extensive therapeutic partnership that enables the inclusion of various viewpoints.
The growth of self-awareness, which results from hearing what others are going through who have comparable problems.
Having a large safety net gives people the confidence to talk about their feelings and perceived flaws when they might otherwise be hesitant to do so.
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What explanation is the most widely accepted model of how our sun, planets, and other solar system bodies formed 4.6 billion years ago? question 1 options: solar nebula hypothesis big bang hypothesis gravitational collapse hypothesis
Nebular hypothesis is the most widely accepted model of how our sun, planets, and other solar system bodies formed 4.6 billion years ago.
The most widely accepted theory in cosmogony to explain how the Solar System formed and evolved is the nebular hypothesis (as well as other planetary systems). It implies that gas and dust orbiting the Sun are what created the Solar System. Immanuel Kant created the theory and published it in his Universal Natural History and Theory of the Heavens (1755), and Pierre Laplace updated it in 1796. The process of planetary system formation, which was first assumed to only apply to the Solar System, is now believed to operate across the cosmos. The solar nebular disk model (SNDM) or solar nebular model is the most popular modern iteration of the nebular theory.
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In behavioral learning, a ________ is a need that moves an individual to action and a(n) ________ is the action taken by a consumer to satisfy it.
In behavioral learning, a drive is a need that moves an individual to action and a response is the action taken by a consumer to satisfy it.
What is Behavioral Learning?
The philosophy of behaviorism holds that actions are a reaction to one or more environmental factors. Instead of focusing on interior thoughts and emotions, it places more emphasis on external behaviors and responses to the outer world.
Although behavioral learning is a method of learning that is applied in many sectors of life, it is probably most familiar to people in the field of education. The behavioral learning hypothesis has a long history and is important to psychology and learning.
A field of study called "behavioral learning" focuses on how people learn and how their learning can be assessed. Education has benefited from behavioral learning, particularly in the early years. Children are frequently taught good behavior and encouraged to change through the use of both positive and negative reinforcement.
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julie conducts a qualitative research project on the significance of certain rituals performed by the people who reside in japan. to get accurate and relevant information for her research, julie speaks to people who have lived in japan and understand the cultural dynamics of the country. in this scenario, these people best exemplify the in her research.
In this scenario, these people best exemplify the informants in her research.
An informant is someone who has specific knowledge and/or expertise about members of a particular culture or group. Researchers identify informants early in the research process as a means of gaining access, information, and ongoing feedback during the collection and collection of data for interpretation.
Informants are people who are part of a culture, have relationships with others within that culture, and know what other members think, feel, and believe. Based on the selection criteria above, informants should be familiar with the organization's processes, culture and climate.
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Self-reflexive and transported states are similar in that they are both characterized by?
Self-reflexive and transported states are similar in that they are both characterized by high involvement by audience members.
What constitutes media literacy exposure?Automatic, attentional, transported, and self-reflexive are the four exposure states. For the audience member, each of these states represents a qualitatively unique experience.
What three categories of media exposures are there?Understanding the chances of reaching young people through the media is also crucial.
3.1. MEDIA EXPOSURE IN GENERAL.
3.2. Listening to radio.
3.3. watching television.
Which of the following best describes the condition in which our thoughts function naturally?The automaticity of this information processing is a term used by psychologists. When we are in an automatic mental state, our minds work without any conscious effort on our part.
What distinguishes social and factual information?While social information is made up of lessons we learn through observation, factual information is raw, unedited, and devoid of context.
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It is not against the law for ethel to possess an automatic weapon, but she believes possessing one is the wrong thing to do. for ethel, possessing an automatic weapon is?
It is not against the law for ethel to possess an automatic weapon, but she believes possessing one is the wrong thing to do. for ethel, possessing an automatic weapon is Legal but unethical.
What differences exist between fair information practices in the US and the EU?
The U.S. lacks a unified, comprehensive national data privacy policy, in contrast to the EU. The EU has established various data privacy legislation, in contrast to the US.
What three types of firewalls are there?
There are three different kinds of firewalls: hardware firewalls, software firewalls, or both.
What does the primary firewall do?
A firewall is essentially the barrier that stands between a private internal network and the open Internet at its most basic level. The basic function of a firewall is to let safe traffic in while blocking harmful traffic.Learn more about firewalls
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Psychologists who want to find out about people's personalities or interests would find a(n) __________ an effective research tool.
Psychologists who want to find out about people's personalities or interests would find a(n) questionnaire an effective research tool.
How do psychologists research the psychology of personality?Psychologists can forecast people's reactions to various situations and the kinds of goods they value and prefer by understanding their personalities. It is crucial to start with studying more about some of the most famous personality theories in order to comprehend how researchers study personality psychology.
What word(s) best sum up a person's personality?The entirety of one's personality includes all of the ideas, habits of behavior, and social attitudes that have an impact on how they perceive themselves, other people, and their environment. Psychologists can forecast people's reactions to various situations and the kinds of goods they value and prefer by understanding their personalities.
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A child who thinks that the sun and moon are following him is exhibiting __________ thought.
A child who thinks that the sun and moon are following him is exhibiting intuitive thought.
What do you mean by intuitive thinking?Going with one's gut feeling and making decisions quickly based on automatic cognitive processes are examples of intuitive thinking. Reflective thinking involves challenging first instinct and weighing alternative options, enabling counterintuitive decisions.
When you think inherently, you form an opinion after closely examining the situation you are currently dealing with in real life, this is called as intuitive thinking.
Hence, A child who thinks that the sun and moon are following him is exhibiting intuitive thought.
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cnbc reporter rick santelli described people who could not pay their mortgages as losers. this stereotype stems from what dominant ideology, according to lecture?
CNBC reporter rick Santelli described people who could not pay their mortgages as losers. this stereotype stems from Individualistic ideology.
In Marxist theory, ideology is hard and fast ideas about society that might be used to justify a specific set of interests. The dominant ideology is the one this is most extensively shared within society the ideology superior by means of the ruling elegance or bourgeoisie. it is carefully associated with Antonio Gramsci's idea of hegemony.
Dominant ideologies' may be described as shared ideas or ideals which serve to justify the hobbies of dominant companies' a few examples of sorts of ideologies might encompass socialist, patriarchal, liberal, racist, or capitalist ideologies. Dominant ideology refers to perception systems, promulgated via and for the dominant instructions.
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Religious dissent in england during the first half of the seventeenth century resulted in?
Religious dissent in England during the first half of the seventeenth century resulted in civil war.
Religious dissenters in England were those Protestants who opposed openly the intervention of the government in religious affairs. When king James I assumed the throne in 1603, he converted from Presbyterianism to Anglicanism, and gradually began to impose prayer books, a version of the Bible he encharged. Radical dissenters were persecuted, and many decided to migrate to America longing for religious freedom.
During Charles I reign (1625 - 1649), the controversy with dissenters grew in tension. He introduced reforms in the liturgy that were very similar to the Catholic church rites. He also restored religious images, which was against Calvinist and Presbyterian beliefs. Persecution and tension led to dissenters' rebellions in Scotland and England, and lit the spark for a civil war against a king that wanted to rule in an absolutist way.
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if you approach the situation with the goal of not just solving this dilemma but also establishing a framework to guide future ethical thinking and behavior
If you approach the situation with the goal of not just solving this dilemma but also establishing a framework to guide future ethical thinking and behavior, it is called principle ethics.
A scenario when an agent is subject to two (or more) competing moral obligations, none of which take precedence over the other is known as an ethical dilemma in philosophy. A definition that is similarly comparable describes ethical situations as ones where there is no right decision to be made. The phrase is also used more broadly in daily English to refer to ethical disagreements that might be resolved, psychologically challenging decisions, or other forms of challenging ethical issues. This article discusses genuine ethical difficulties, or ethical dilemmas in the strict philosophical sense. There have been many examples put forth, however it is debatable whether they represent true ethical difficulties or are only perceived ones.
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Compare and contrast the new england and middle colonies in terms of motives for founding, religious and social composition, and political development.
"The motives for founding the new England colonies were religious, as they were making a pilgrimage from England as the only acceptable religion in England at the time was Anglicanism an most of these colonists were English puritans."
There were no social castes yet, as most everyone in new England was poor until the 1700s. These colonies had no real religious composition.
"Most people in these colonies were not wealthy, though not poor, their lives usually depended on trade. The political development in these colonies were similar to that of the new England colonies, once British rule was installed, so was a royal governor."
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Vision is ______, in that normal visual development requires normal visual activity.
Vision is visual acuity, in that normal visual development requires normal visual activity.
The acuity of vision is described as a term that is used to describe the clearness or the quality of sharpness of your vision when it is supposed to measure at a distance of 20 feet. Visual acuity is generally the most common clinical measurement of how your eyes will be functioning normally.
Visual Acuity is the term evolved with a definition as it is the resolving power of the eye. It is measured in the smallest degree to which an individual is able to see a defined image.
The visual acuity test is used to diagnose the smallest letters that a person can read on a standardized chart called a Snellen chart or a card that is held at 20 feet or 6 meters away. Special charts are also used whenever it is tested at a distance that is shorter than 20 feet or 6 meters.
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Political risk that affects all firms in a country is referred to as ________. group of answer choices micropolitical risk macropolitical risk inclusive political risk exclusive political risk
Macropolitical risk is defined as political risk that impacts every company in a nation.
Investors, businesses, and governments are all subject to the type of risk known as political risk, which involves the possibility that political actions, occurrences, or conditions will have a significant impact on an action's expected value or the profitability of a particular business actor. Political risk is manageable with careful planning and investment.
Over time, there have been numerous interpretations of what is meant by political risk.
However, in general, political risk is defined as "any political change that alters the expected outcome and value of a given economic action by changing the probability of achieving business objectives" or "any political change that changes the expected outcome and value of a given economic action by changing the probability of changing the value of a given economic action."
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How is god's holiness emphasized when the israelites encounter god at sinai in exodus 19?
The people are instructed to wash their clothes and have no relations with their wives is god's holiness emphasized when the Israelites encounter god at Sinai in Exodus 19.
Later, they returned, and their descendants took the name Jews. According to the biblical narrative, God chose the Israelites to be the subjects of a particular covenant, or agreement, whereby God promised to bless them and their progeny in return for their adherence to a set of rules, practices, and attitudes.
"Israelites can now be found anywhere in the world. Many of these individuals are unaware of their ancestry in the ancient house of Israel "the fundamental Gospel Principles booklet of the church claims.
The term "Jews" (Yehudim) is used to refer to the Israelites' descendants who came together when the Tribe of Judah absorbed the last of the northern Israelite tribes.
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An expected level of performance against which actual performance can be compared is a:_______
A performance standard is a level of performance that is expected and against which actual performance can be compared.
A performance standard is an expression of the performance threshold(s), requirement(s), or expectation(s) that must be met in order to be appraised at a specific level of performance that has been approved by management. A performance standard is a level of performance that is expected and against which actual performance can be compared. Performance standards are written, measurable criteria that are used to assess an employee's effort and determine their level of functioning.
For example- ex. a 10% reduction in customer complaints, a monthly sales quota of $150,000, or a 5% increase per month in new customer accounts.
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The question was incomplete. Check below the full question
An expected level of performance against which actual performance can be compared is a:_______
a) standard performance.
b) standard of excellence.
c) step in sales analysis.
d) performance standard.
e) corrective standard
If you believe that people living in central cities are likely to be poor because there are few jobs available in these areas, you are in agreement with?
If I believe that people living in central cities are likely to be poor because there are few jobs available in these areas then I am in agreement with William Julius Wilson.
Who is William Julius Wilson?Sociologist William Julius Wilson was born in the United States on December 20, 1935. He is a Harvard University professor and the author of books on urban sociology, racial inequality, and class relations. He was the 80th President of the American Sociological Association and a recipient of the National Medal of Science. He also served on a number of national boards and commissions. He recognized the significance of neighborhood impacts and shown how the lack of institutional resources and employment opportunities in American inner-city areas worsened poverty.
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In what ways are happenings and performance art related to traditional theater? in what ways do they radically depart from those traditions?
The following are some significant connections between happenings as well as performance art and conventional theater:
First off, both are action-based approaches that display the performance's context.Second, both have been modified to produce unique tales that are tailored to the audience.The cultural characteristics of a region are most importantly displayed by occurrence, performance, and traditional theater.Additionally, both of these convey ethical and societal messages through their performances, among other things.Briefing:Due to their inventive and haphazard performances centered on contemporary themes, their message-oriented approach demonstrates their extreme departure from the conventional method, and so forth, they dramatically deviate from those traditions.
What does the term "traditional theater" mean?A theater that is traditional in nature and features performances by locals is called theatre traditional. The traditional theater is also viewed as little more than a performing art that is present in every region and closely connected to the local way of life.
What purpose does traditional theater serve?The fundamental ideals, as well as beliefs of Indian culture, as well as beliefs of Indian culture, have been transmitted through our traditional theater. One may argue that this theater has played a significant contribution to bridging the divide between the many castes, classes, and communities in a particular area and in providing a means of unifying them.
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what is the correct order of the following steps of developing a research question? i. identify the scope of the project ii. select a research topic iii. write a research question iv. define key terms for research
The correct order would be II, I, IV and then III.
In order to develop a research question we need to go through the following steps:
Select a research topic: The first step is choosing a topic. Always choose a subject that appeals to you. Conduct some preliminary research about the topic by using specialized dictionaries, guidebooks, or reference books.Identify scope of project: The stage of project planning known as project scope entails identifying and recording a list of the precise project objectives, tasks, costs, and deadlines.Define key terms: The essential terminologies used in the thesis are called key terms. To establish legitimacy, definitions by other academics are included while defining the important concepts. It also serves as the basis for the literature reviews and the research problem.Write the research question: The research is centered and guided by a research question. It should be concise and well-organized, and it should synthesize data from several sources to deliver your original point.To know more about research plan see:
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social relations are somewhat more formal in spanish-speaking countries than in the united states. new acquaintances usually greet one another with a handshake. friends, however, greet each other with a hug or kiss on the cheek.
Social relations are somewhat more formal in spanish-speaking countries than in the United States. New acquaintances usually greet one another with a handshake. Friends, however, greet each other with a hug or kiss on the cheek. These statements are true.
The Spanish people are known to enjoy their life to the fullest and are full of cultural values. They have a great family values and are known to treasure them a lot. People there often greet each other with handshakes at a formal gatherings like meetings. At informal gatherings, men tend to embrace each other while women and children exchange kisses while embracing each other.
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considering the research findings described in the textbook, only one of the following is a true statement. which one is true?
The correct answer is Students often study differently for different kinds of classroom assessments
Findings from research must be believable. This indicates that there is a hypothesis that can explain how you arrived at that conclusion. Without it, the research results will be dubious and difficult to refute. The results can occasionally be the result of sheer coincidence. Theories serve as general justifications for study findings. Theories by definition aid in the comprehension, elucidation, and prediction of a phenomenon. By describing how the variables involved impact one another rather than just relying on observation during this one experiment, theories in research provide justification for study findings. By connecting the findings to earlier research's hypotheses, it also helps to validate the results.
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Someone who has a low score on both femininity and masculinity would be considered ______.
'Someone who has a low score on both femininity and masculinity would be considered undifferentiated
A set of qualities, actions, and roles referred to as masculinity are those that are typical of males and boys. It is possible to conceptualise masculinity as a social construction[1]; however, there is evidence that some behaviours associated with masculinity are influenced by both biological and cultural factors.The degree to which masculinity is influenced by biology or society is up for debate. Male characteristics and roles are viewed as typical, suitable, and expected of boys and men. Various civilizations, subcultures, ethnic groupings, and historical eras have different expectations of what it means to be a man or to be a manly person.
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What did the members say to each other when they saw each other in the streets in bronze bow?
They were saying that he would become one of those tax collectors who takes some of the Jews' money for himself in bronze bow. Joel has been captured by the Romans and is being imprisoned in the fortress; he will be sold as a slave on the galleys. Rosh refuses to assist Daniel in saving Joel.
Daniel and the boys assemble in the watchtower to deliberate their strategy; Daniel is chosen as the group's leader. When Nathan brings a scythe into the smithy, Daniel runs into him. Daniel recruits Nathan, Joel, and Joel's buddy Kemuel to form a new band of warriors to resist the Romans; the bronze bow becomes their password.
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Opinion is generally a valid defense in a defamation lawsuit because it cannot be proven to be. true or false.
It is true that opinion is generally a valid defense in a defamation lawsuit because it cannot be proven to be.
What is defamation lawsuit?Damages are brought on as a result of a true defamation action when it occurs. In California and other states, the damages are recoverable through a civil action. Typically, a false publishing about the subject without that subject's consent constitutes defamation. It should be noted that merely hurting someone's feelings does not qualify as defamation; instead, there must be a reputational cost associated with the false claims. A plaintiff must demonstrate that the defendant made a false and defamatory remark about them that was shared with a third party in order to win a defamation claim. So, an email sent to the plaintiff's coworker that contained a false and disagreeable statement may be libelous.Learn more about defamation lawsuit here:
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