Answer:
Photosynthesis
Explanation:
Source: Energy Flow - Tropical Rainforest Biome Energy Flow Light energy from the sun is converted to chemical energy by plants through the process of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis produces oxygen for all organisms and a source of food for herbivores.
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ow would you distinguish between these two hypotheses after sequencing the same segment of dna in representatives of all ten species? if the level of genetic divergence differs for at least three of the five species pairs, then dispersal is the likely cause. if the level of genetic divergence for all five species pairs is similar, then vicariance is the likely cause. if the level of genetic divergence for all five species pairs is similar, then dispersal is the likely cause. if the level of genetic divergence differs for each of the five species pairs, then vicariance is the likely cause. if the level of genetic divergence differs for at least two of the five species pairs, then d
If the amount of genetic divergence between species in all five pairs of species is similar, then vicariance is the likely cause.
The two hypotheses include:
The ancestors of the species living currently on the island subsequently dispersed to the island from the mainland. This can be the cause of dispersal.
The island was part of the mainland. The rise in sea level made it cut off. In this way, the species on the island diverged from the ancestors who lived on the mainland. This is called vicariance.
Divergence refers to the evolutionary process that resulted in two different species, from a common ancestral species, that are way more similar in their structure and functions. It can be a result of adaptation as per their environment. The geographical distribution of organisms can occur in two ways: either dispersal or vicariance. Vicariance happens when the ancestral species undergoes some changes to adapt to the environment and results in diverging two different species. Whereas, dispersal happens when the ancestral species move to another geographical area and breed accordingly.
Therefore, we can now say that if the amount of genetic divergence in some species is similar, they are likely to undergo vicariance.
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during his experiments with pea plants, gregor mendel crossed plants that were heterozygous for two traits with one another in order to determine laws of inheritance. the punnett square shows the results of this cross
Dominance Law
According to the law of dominance, only the phenotypic trait that is dominant will be passed on to hybrid offspring. Recessive characteristics are those alleles that are suppressed, whereas dominant traits are those alleles that control the trait.
What does the second law in inheritance state?According to the law of independent assortment, during gamete development, a pair of characteristics segregates independently of another pair. Different qualities have an equal chance to occur together as the individual hereditary variables assort independently.
What does the third law of inheritance state?According to Mendel's law of dominance, only one form of a trait will manifest in the offspring of two parents who have distinct, opposing qualities. The sole phenotypic trait that the hybrid offspring will display is the dominant trait. The first law of inheritance is known as the law of dominance.
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What are the strengths of the trait approach?
Explanation:
Strengths of Trait Approach. The trait approach focuses on the leader and not on the followers or the situation. This approach is concerned with what traits leaders exhibit and who has these traits.
Locusts (grasshoppers in the family Acrididae) undergo cyclic population outbreaks. Of the mechanisms of density-dependent regulation shown in Figure 53.18 , choose the two that you think most apply to locust swarms, and explain why.
"Intrinsic factors," because locust hormone levels depend on population size, and "Competition for resources," because rising population density increases competition for food and other resources and lowers reproductive rates.
What are intrinsic factors?Among the intrinsic elements are a person's genetic, physiological, and pathological qualities; in other words, these are traits that are "intrinsic" to the person rather than being influenced by their environment.
What's an example of intrinsic?Several instances of intrinsic motivation include: taking part in a sport for enjoyment's sake rather than to compete for recognition. Learning a new language should be done for personal interest rather than professional need.
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In a short essay (about 100-150 words) focusing on energy transfer and transformation, discuss the advantages and disadvantages of hibernation.
The passage of energy from one place to another is known as energy transfer. When energy transforms, it goes from one type to another.
What are the advantages of Hibernation?The greatest strategy to reduce energy consumption in challenging circumstances, such as when the outside temperature is at or below 0 °C, is to hibernate.
What are the disadvantages of hibernation?Animals are found to incur expenditures during hibernation. Both the negative physiological side-effects of hibernation and the costs associated with being unable to respond to stimuli are included in these expenses.
What is hibernation?According to definition, hibernation is a state of torpor that is only experienced during the winter and is sustained for periods longer than 24 hours. A mammal's metabolism slows down during hibernation, allowing the body temperature to drop to a few degrees above ambient levels. The animal will actively produce heat when its body is too chilly to keep alive.
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They migrate out of blood vessels and into tissue spaces. this process is called?
They migrate out of blood vessels and into tissue spaces . This process is called diapedesis.
What occurs during diapedesisi?Diapedesis is a process involved in the innate immune response, is the extraversion of leukocytes from blood arteries to areas of tissue injury, infection or inflammation . Leukocytes and vascular endothelial cells both have a large number of receptor molecules that regulate this intricate process spatiotemporally.
Dipedesis is the process in which white blood cells come out of the blood vessels into the surrounding area in case of injuries.
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the reaction allows us to amplify tiny amounts of dna, creating a powerful tool for diagnosis, forensics, and microbial investigation
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the chemical reaction that allows us to amplify tiny amounts of DNA, creating a powerful tool for diagnosis, forensics, and microbial investigation.
What is the Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?The Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a chemical reaction used in molecular biology laboratories to amplify a given nucleotide DNA sequence having less than 1300 base pairs of length.
In conclusion, Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the chemical reaction that allows us to amplify tiny amounts of DNA, creating a powerful tool for diagnosis, forensics, and microbial investigation.
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match each blood type with the correct description of the surface antigens and antibodies for that blood type.
Blood group antigens are either proteins or carbohydrates that are linked to different parts of the membrane of the red blood cell
O+: anti-A antibodies, anti-B antibodies, Rh antigen D.
AB+: ABO antigen A, ABO antigen B, Rh antigen D
A-: ABO antigen A, anti-B antibodies
B+: ABO antigen B, anti-A antibodies, Rh antigen D
O-: anti-A antibodies, and anti-B antibodies
AB-: ABO antigen A, ABO antigen B
A+: ABO antigen A, anti-B antibodies, Rh antigen D
B-: ABO antigen B, anti-A antibodies
The kind of enzymes a person has and, consequently, the kind of sugar antigens that end up on their red blood cells, are determined by their DNA. The Rh blood group's antigens, on the other hand, are proteins. The instructions for generating the protein antigens are stored in a person's DNA.
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Which of the following statements is TRUE?
The energy of the waves is the same at the gamma rays and at the microwaves
The volume of the waves is higher in the middle than at the ends.
The radiation becomes more visible at the ends.
The wavelength decreases as you move from radio waves to gamma rays.
The true statement among the following options are- The wavelength decreases as you move from waves to gamma rays.
Electromagnetic spetrum has a range of all the types of electromagnetic radiations. It consists of gamma rays, x rays, uv rays, visible rays, infrared rays, microwaves rays, and radio waves.
The wavelength decreases as one moves from radio waves to gamma rays with radio waves having longest wavelength and gamma waves having lowest wavelength.
The frequency on the other hand decreases as we go from gamma rays to radio waves with gamma rays having highest frequency and radio waves having lowest frequency. Same pattern can be seen with the amount of energy per photons.
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Seven years later, you come back to the beach. this time you can find no starfish with 6 legs. (d) given the most recent allele frequencies you know, is this what you would expect?
There is no six-legged starfish in existence. Fixation may be to blame. Fixation is a condition in which there is only one allele in the population and the other allele is extinct.
Given that in total 26 starfish are normal and 1 has 6 legs.
Genotypic frequency of 6 legs is 1/27 =0.037.
Genotypic frequency is always 1 and is given by p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1.
Allelic frequency = p + q = 1
So, frequency of p = 1-0.19 = 0.81
After 2 years, the Chi-square value:
Observed Expected O-E (O-E)2 (O-E)2/E
5 leg: 0.81 0.6 0.16 0.0256 0.039385
6 leg: 0.19 0.35 -0.16 0.0256 0.073143
0.112527
So Chi-square value is 0.112527.
Genotypic frequency of 6 legs is 4/31 =0.129
q2 = 0.129q = 0.35P = 1 - 0.35
P = 0.65
So new allelic frequency for 6 legs is 0.35.
New allelic frequency for 5 legs is 0.65.
This random change of allelic frequency is called as genetic drift.
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Question correction:
On your Spring Break in Mexico, you take a break to count the starfish in a tidal pool. You notice that there is a rare recessive trait that causes the starfish to have 6 legs instead of 5. Of the 27 starfish you can find, only 1 has 6 legs. What are the allele frequencies for this population? Two years later, you return to the same beach and count the starfish again. This time you find 4 starfish out of 31 that have 6 legs. Are the genotype frequencies the same as two years earlier? Test using Chi square. If it is not, calculate the new allele frequencies. Given that the current mutation rate is O and that there is no natural selection acting on these starfish, what is this random change in allele frequency called?)
Seven years later, you come back to the beach. This time you can find no starfish with 6 legs. Given the most recent allele frequencies you know, is this what you would expect? (What is the complete loss of a allele called?)
how does an electromagnet help in our daily life
An increase in the capacity or affinity of the transport protein would increase the amount of free hormone and its effect on the tissue. True or false
False. An increase in the capacity or affinity of the transport protein would reduce the amount of free hormone and its effect on the tissue.
Hormones that are attached to proteins are in an equilibrium state, whereas unbound hormones are concentrated less. Free hormones in serum leave the bloodstream to operate on tissues, whereas bound hormones separate from their binding protein.
Transport proteins defend against spikes in hormone output and aid in spreading hormones uniformly to all of the cells in large organs like the liver.
Hence, false is the correct answer because of the transport protein's attachment to other hormones, an increase in its capacity or affinities will result in a decrease in the amount of free hormone rather than an increase.
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After digestion and absorption, food provides an available source of energy to tissues if it is converted into:________
After digestion and absorption, food provides an available source of energy to tissues if it is converted into Glucose.
What is the main basis of energy for the body?
Glucose, or blood sugar, is the main basis of energy for your body's cells, tissues, and organs. Glucose can be used directly or stored in the liver and muscles for later use
Why is glucose the primary energy source?
The body breaks down most carbohydrates from the foodstuffs we eat and converts them to a variety of sugar called glucose. Glucose is the main origin of fuel for our cells. When the body doesn't require to use the glucose for energy, it stores it in the liver and forces.
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Given that a typical excretory system selectively absorbs and secretes materials, what function does filtration serve?
The function does filtration serve is
The nephron is the kidney's functional unit. Millions of nephrons make up each kidney, and they all contribute significantly to the filtration and purification of blood. The nephron is split into the glomerulus and renal tubule, which work together to remove extra waste from the body.
Although the proximal tubules of both types of nephrons are capable of absorbing nutrients, only juxtamedullary nephrons have Henle loops that go deep inside the renal medulla. Therefore, the only kidneys that can produce urine that is more concentrated than the blood are those that have juxtamedullary nephrons.The structural and operational unit of the kidney is the nephron. It filters the blood and reabsorbs the vital nutrients to control the levels of water and minerals like sodium.To know more about Nephron visit:
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Pls help (7th grade science)
Answer:
D. Iterative testing
Explanation:
Iterative testing is when you make small changes/ updates to a product based on insights from PREVIOUS test results and user feedback.
So example- Your figuring out if plants grow faster with scheduled watering/feeding times or random watering/feedings. You did the first test run, which was test A. Now your on test B a week later to make sure your results were accurate. You try a different schedule for the feedings (so different times of the day then in test A) but you also have to consider the times you used in test A so you don't just repeat the same thing over again.
I hope that wasn't too wordy, sorry if it was.
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Microorganisms that catabolize sugars into ethanol and hydrogen gas would most likely be categorized as?
Microorganisms that catabolize sugars into ethanol and hydrogen gas would most likely be categorized as heterolactic fermenters.
What is fermentation?Fermentation is any of many anaerobic biochemical reactions in which an enzymes produced by a microorganism catalyses the conversion of one substance into another.
Fermentation especially involves the conversion (using yeast) of sugars to alcohol or acetic acid with the evolution of carbon dioxide.
However, fermentation can either be homolactic or heterolactic. The conversion of one glucose molecule into two lactic acid molecules is homolactic fermentation while the conversion of one glucose molecule into lactic acid, carbon dioxide, and ethanol is known as heterolactic fermentation.
Therefore, it can be said that microorganisms that catabolize sugars into ethanol and hydrogen gas would most likely be categorized as heterolactic fermenters.
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What determines whether the net diffusion of O₂ and CO₂ is into or out of the capillaries in the tissues and near the alveoli? Explain.
The respiratory system's main job is to absorb oxygen and expel carbon dioxide.
Alveoli in the lungs receive oxygen that was inhaled. Simple diffusion is used to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide through partial pressure gradients. To provide the red blood cells with oxygen, the alveolar PO₂ must be higher than the PO₂ in the alveolar capillaries. In order to remove CO₂ from respiring cells, the PCO₂ in the systemic capillaries must be lower than the PCO₂ of the tissues. Each location has an opposing gradient that releases O₂ into the tissues while clearing CO₂ from the lung capillaries.Learn more about the respiratory system with the help of the given link:
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WHAT IF? Suppose you are studying two bird species that live in a forest and are not known to interbreed. One species feeds and mates in the treetops and the other on the ground. But in captivity, the birds can interbreed and produce viable, fertile offspring. What type of reproductive barrier most likely keeps these species separate in nature? Explain.
The Prezygotic barrier is a type of reproductive barrier that keeps these species separate in nature.
What is Prezygotic barrier?Prezygotic barriers is a type of barrier that prevent members of different species from mating with each other in order to produce a zygote which is a single-celled embryo. For example, two species prefer different habitats which leads no encounter with one another. This is type of isolation is called habitat isolation. In this barrier, the species are unable to mate with each other and no new species are produced.
So we can conclude that the Prezygotic barrier is a type of reproductive barrier that keeps these species separate in nature.
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A population of sharks lives in the atlantic ocean. over the last 50 years, the size of the shark population increased. what best explains the increase in the size of the shark population?
More sharks were born than died.
The term "population" usually refers to the total number of people living in a certain area, such as a city or town, region, nation, continent, or the entire planet. Governments frequently use censuses, a procedure for gathering, analyzing, compiling, and releasing statistics on a population, to determine the number of the resident people under their jurisdiction. A population is frequently referred to as a group of organisms in genetics where any two individuals can mate with each other. A breeding group known as a gamodeme is one that may routinely exchange gametes to create children who are typically viable.
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The _____ plays a key role in the stress response because it is the chief region of the brain responsible for integration of sympathetic and parasympathetic activities.
The hypothalamus plays a key role in the stress response because it is the chief region of the brain responsible for integration of sympathetic and parasympathetic activities.
What are sympathetic and parasympathetic activities?The sympathetic activities are those activities that are controlled by the sympathetic nervous system while the parasympathetic activities are also those activities that are controlled the the parasympathetic nervous system.
Some sympathetic activities include the following:acceleration of heart rate,widens bronchial passages, decrease motility (movement) of the large intestine, constrict blood vessels in decreased blood pressureincreases in corticotropin and cortisol secretion in stress responses.The hypothalamus is the coordinating center of the body that unifies the activities of both the sympathetic and parasympathetic activities.
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asm 104 some alleles are dominant, others are recessive. from looking at pea plants you notice the following relationship between genotype and phenotype (the phenotype is the physical appearance of the organism): w w -> white v v -> violet w v -> violet v w -> violet is the white allele dominant?
The relationship between genotype and phenotype white v v
Which allele is the dominant allele in pea manufacturers?
A pea plant is heterozygous for both grain shape and seed color. S is the allele for the dominant, globular shape characteristic; s is the allele for the recessive, dented shape factor.
What is the distinction between phenotype genotype and allele?
The alleles an person has at a locus are called a genotype. The genotype of an organism is often described using letters. The visible manifestation of the genotype is called an organism's phenotype. Alleles are not formed equal.
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What reults would you see if you decolorized with water instead of the acetone.alcohol soultion for either gram postive or gram negative cell?
In the Gram staining procedure, acetone/alcohol is used for the purpose of color differentiation. In the presence of acetone/alcohol peptidoglycan molecules get shrunk in the cell wall for holding the crystal violet iodine tightly.
There might be no differentiation in Gram-advantageous or Gram-positive cells if they're decolorized with water instead of the acetone/alcohol answer. Peptidoglycan molecules do not shrink inside the aqueous surroundings.
Decolorizing will bring about an misguided end end result wherein gram-incredible cells might also stain red to purple indicating a gram-terrible cease result, and below-decolorizing will bring about a defective end result in which gram-terrible cells may additionally additionally appear blue to pink indicating a gram-splendid end result.
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What cell stage is
this and describe it
Answer:
Interphase
Explanation:
This may be wrong and sorry about that. But I think Interphase since it's all bundled up together and that seems to be the only part showing on the photo.
Comparing the two histograms you drew, do you find support for the researchers' hypothesis? Explain.
Histograms are graphs that show how your continuous data is distributed.
Because they may disclose characteristics about your sample data that summary statistics cannot, they are excellent exploratory tools.
What is histogram analysis explain with example?A graph called a histogram uses rectangles to represent the frequency of numerical values. The height of a rectangle (the vertical axis) symbolises the frequency of a variable's distribution (the amount, or how often that variable appears).
Examine the histogram to see if it displays a normal distribution. Your histogram would have a form after all of the frequencies have been displayed on it. If the pattern resembles a bell curve, then the frequencies are evenly distributed. A peak would appear on the histogram.
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If a factor is dynamic, what does that mean?
Answer:
In econometrics, a dynamic factor (also known as a diffusion index) is a series which measures the co-movement of many time series. It is used in certain macroeconomic models.
Explanation:
Answer:
a series which measures the co-movement of many time series
Explanation:
In econometrics, a dynamic factor (also known as a diffusion index) is a series which measures the co-movement of many time series. It is used in certain macroeconomic models.
Are proteins or rna molecules that act as catalysts to speed up reactions in living organisms.
Enzymes are proteins or RNA molecules that act as catalysts to speed up reactions in living organisms. Vinblastine is used to treat non-lymphoma Hodgkin's (types of cancer that start in a type of white blood cell that normally fights infection), Hodgkin's lymphoma (Hodgkin's disease), and testicular cancer in combination with other chemotherapy drugs.
It's possible to experience Enzymes injection site pain or redness, nausea, vomiting, constipation, fatigue, and appetite loss. Severe nausea and vomiting are possible. Your doctor may occasionally recommend medicine to treat or prevent nausea and vomiting. A little perennial plant that is indigenous to the island of popularly known as Vinblastine periwinkle.
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Which of the following organisms is incorrectly paired with its trophic level? a. cyanobacterium-primary producer b. grasshopper-primary consumer c. zooplankton-primary producer d. fungus-detritivore
The zooplankton-primary producer is incorrectly paired with its trophic level.
Phytoplanktons are the main food producers in an aquatic food chain. They are tiny, autotrophic organisms that live in practically all of the world's oceans and freshwater bodies of water. They constitute the bottom trophic level. The phytoplanktons are consumed by zooplankton. They are second-trophic level organisms and primary consumers.
Zooplankton is a category of heterotrophic plankton that includes everything from tiny creatures to giant animals like jellyfish. Large bodies of water, such as oceans and freshwater systems, contain zooplankton. The most significant types of zooplankton are radiolarians, foraminiferans, dinoflagellates, cnidarians, crustaceans, chordates, and mollusks. Zooplankton is drifting, ecologically significant organisms that represent a crucial link in the food chain.
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How might associative learning explain why different species of distasteful or stinging insects have similar colors?
Natural selection would promote colour pattern convergence because a predator learning to identify a pattern with a sting or terrible taste would avoid all other individuals with that colour pattern, independent of species.
What is the definition of associative learning in animal behaviour?In animal behaviour, associative learning refers to any learning process in which a new response gets linked with a specific stimuli. Except for simple habituation, the phrase has been used to characterise essentially all learning in its widest sense.
A learnt behaviour would be sneezing. Only after conscious thinking do all acts occur. Practice and repetition result in innate behaviour. Both acquired and instinctual behaviours are examples of observable behaviours.
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Luis is studying for a quiz on neurotransmission. he wrote in his notes that neurotransmitters are typically stored in _____ in the _____ neuron.
Luis is studying for a quiz on neurotransmission. he wrote in his notes that neurotransmitters are typically stored in vesicles in the presynaptic neuron.
What neurotransmission means?The process of neurotransmission occurs when signalling molecules, known as neurotransmitters, are released from a neuron's axon terminal and bind to and interact with receptors on the dendrites of a nearby neuron .
What is presynaptic vesicle release?Small, electron-lucent vesicles called synaptic vesicles, also known as neurotransmitter vesicles, are grouped at presynaptic terminals. They hold neurotransmitters and exocytose, which is stimulated by calcium, releases them. SVs are produced locally at the terminals following exocytosis.
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PLEASE HURRY! THANKS!
Although Arroyo does not mention the term "watershed", it is discussed in the unit as being closely related to and impacted by drought and floods. Please discuss how the watershed relates to drought and heat. How might Arroyo have integrated the term watershed into her talk?
Marine science
Although Arroyo does not mention the term "watershed", it is discussed in the unit as being closely related to and impacted by drought and floods. The watershed relates to drought and heat through the water cycle that is upon heating the water rises in the atmosphere in the form of water vapors and upon cooling condenses in the form of rainfall and comes down but during drought low water level in water bodies affect the water flow and quality of water.
Arroyo might have integrated the term watershed by saying that the Rockefeller Foundation is assisting farmers in constructing hillside decks to preserve water and they will also provide insurance when droughts occur.
A watershed is a region of land that frees water into a specific waterbody. Watersheds direct rainfall into creeks and rivers. These shorter bodies of water course into larger ones, such as lakes and oceans.
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