Axons that have undergone myelination are completely covered. Mammalian PNS axons range in size from 0.1 to 20 micrometres, with unmyelinated axons being less than 2 micrometres and myelinated axons being more than 1-2 micrometres. Nearly all axons in the CNS with diameters larger than 0.2 m are myelinated.
What is Axons?Axons, also known as nerve fibres, are the parts of a nerve cell (also known as a neuron) that carry nerve impulses away from the cell body.A neuron normally has one axon, which links it to other neurons, muscle cells, or gland cells.Some axons can be very long, extending, for instance, from the spinal cord to the tip of a toe.The majority of vertebrate axons are encased in myelin sheaths, which accelerates impulse transmission; some big axons may move at up to 90 metres (300 feet) per second.To know more about axons ,refer to the following link:
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Given what you know about the human body, what do you think could account for the high percentage of oxygen (65.0%)?
The human body breathes in oxygen constantly, and oxygen in the blood and tissues makeup a large percentage of body mass.
Why does the human body have such a high proportion of carbon?Carbon is the major one. Without carbon, life on earth would not be conceivable. Almost everything in your body, including carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, DNA, and muscle tissue, is primarily made of carbon. The electron arrangement of each individual atom in carbon is what makes it such a unique element.
Oxygen is the most common element in the human body , comprising approx 65% of body mass. Most of the Oxygen present in found in the form of water.
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Which form of energy is an input for photosynthesis?
A. Light energy
B. Mechanical energy
C. Electrical energy
D. Nuclear energy
Answer:
A. Light Energy
Explanation:
Light energy is a type of wavelength that excites the electron that is in the chlorophyll of photosystems that is required for the formation of energy.
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One hormone molecule can stimulate the synthesis of hundreds of enzyme molecules. what is this known as?
One hormone molecule can stimulate the synthesis of hundreds of enzyme molecules. This known as Signal amplification.
Endocrine signalling involves the secretion of signalling molecules (hormones) by specialised endocrine cells, which are then transported through the bloodstream to act on target cells in distal body regions.Through their binding to particular hormone receptors, hormones cause changes in target cells. In this approach, hormones affect just those cells that have the required receptors, even though they circulate throughout the body and come into touch with a variety of cell types.The signal produced when the probe molecule hybridises to the target nucleic acid sequence is increased or amplified through signal amplification. Specific detection, dynamic range, usability, and reproducibility are benefits of signal amplification techniques.To learn more about Signal amplification.
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Detritivores are consumers that obtain their energy from detritus. How many joules of energy are potentially available to detritivores in the ecosystem represented in Figure 55.11 ?
Theorotically, the energy available to detritivores at a steady state according to the image shown is 11110J.
A heterotrophic creature known as a detritivore gets its sustenance by consuming detritus. Detritus refers to the organic debris including dead plant and animal stuff. Coprophagy is a feeding strategy used by detritivores that involves ingesting feces in order to get food. Detritivores include invertebrate insects such as flies, beetles, butterflies and mites as well as soil-dwelling woodlice, earthworms and millipedes along with mollusks such as snails and slugs.
Although the words "detritivore" and "decomposer" are sometimes used interchangeably, they have different meanings. Detritivores are essentially a subgroup of decomposers. Real decomposers, such as fungi, bacteria, or protists, adopt saprotrophic feeding, in which they receive nutrients by extracellular digestion instead of oral ingestion. This is in contrast to detritivores.
Detritivores and decomposers break down all of the dead and decaying matter in the ecosystem. As a result, they considerably contribute to the cycling of nutrients and are an essential part of the majority of biogeochemical cycles, including the nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon cycles.
Detritivores are present at all trophic levels in an ecosystem because they consume materials produced by primary producers as well as by herbivores and carnivores. Detritivores are an essential part of the ecosystem energy cycle because they typically take energy from secondary consumers in addition to eating energy from other species.
The total net energy generation shown in the figure is 10000 + 1000 + 100 + 10 = 11110J.
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When information was not available for a plant the, herbalist?
Herbalists are those who gather or trade in herbs, particularly those used medicinally. Herbalists look for the underlying cause of sickness.
Based on the signs or diseases a patient explains during the consultation, practitioners will select herbs. Additionally, Herbalists will conduct a clinical examination, looking at specific body parts, and write a unique prescription. Herbalists can provide secondary or primary healthcare, and they typically start by diagnosing the patient based on their medical background. This past contains elements like eating preferences and way of life. With the patient's cooperation, the herbalist would typically develop a herbal strategy to treat the issue after identifying it. This herbal therapy could include a particular form of complementary medicine, like Ayurvedic medicine.
The complete question is :
Herbalist usually treats the illness with medicinal plants. When information was not available for a plant the herbalist works and researches on the plant to find further information about the plant. What is a role of herbalist here?
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This diagram represents levels of organization within a multicellular
organism. The level represented by X is a
Organism
X
Organelle
Water
Hydrogen)
The smallest unit is the cell; tissues are made up of groups of similar cells; organs are composed of groups of various tissues; organ systems are composed of groups of organs, and multicellular organisms are made up of these components.
Cells, tissues, and organs are lower levels of organization in multicellular organisms. Organ systems and creatures come next after these. Since unicellular creatures only have one cell and no further tissue or levels, these levels are absent in them.
What constitutes a multicellular organism's primary level of organization?Atoms, molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and the human organism are the main levels of organization in the body, going from the simplest to the most complex.
Multicellular organisms need levels of organization because their cells are divided into groups that perform functions like respiration, reproduction, digestion, cardiovascular function, and other metabolism functions.
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How many seconds are in half an hour?
Answer:
1800
Explanation:
60*30=1800
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During serum protein electrophoresis, antibodies primary migrate in the ________________ fraction.
During serum protein electrophoresis, antibodies primarily migrate in the alpha fraction.
What is serum protein electrophoresis?Patients with multiple myeloma as well as other serum protein problems are recognized by serum protein electrophoresis. Proteins are divided during electrophoresis according to their physical characteristics, and the subsets of these proteins are then utilized to interpret the results. In reaction to acute inflammation, cancer, trauma, necrosis, infarction, burns, and chemical damage, plasma protein levels alter in a generally predictable manner.
Monoclonal gammopathy is indicated by a homogenous spike-like peak in a concentrated area of the gamma-globulin zone. Multiple myeloma, Waldenström's macroglobulinemia, solitary plasmacytoma, smoldering multiple myeloma, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, plasma cell leukemia, heavy chain disease, and amyloidosis are all examples of monoclonal gammopathies, which are linked to clonal processes that are malignant or potentially malignant.
Therefore, during protein electrophoresis, antibodies primarily migrate in the alpha fraction.
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In a DNA double helix, a region along one DNA strand has this sequence of nitrogenous bases: 5'-TAGGCCT-3'. Copy this sequence, and write down its complementary strand, clearly indicating the 5^{\prime} and 3' ends of the complementary strand.
The complementary strand of the DNA sequence given above is as follows: 3'-ATCCGGA-5'.
How is DNA complementary strand formed?DNA is a double-stranded molecule that runs in 3'-5' direction on one strand and 5'-3' direction on the other strand.
DNA molecule must be replicated i.e. making of duplicate copy prior to cell division.
One strand of the DNA molecule is used to synthesize a new strand. Since the DNA molecule is made up of monomers called nucleotides, which are four in number, the following pairing applies:
Adenine pairs ThymineGuanine pairs CytosineTherefore, the complementary/opposite strand of the DNA sequence given above is as follows: 3'-ATCCGGA-5'.
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Prokaryotes do not have what?
are organisms whose cells lack a nucleus and other organelles.
Answer: nucleus membrane-bound organelles
Explanation:
they lack a nucleus, mitochondria, and other advanced cell structures.
The FitnessGram PACER Test is a multistage aerobic capacity test that progressively gets more difficult as it continues.
The test is used to measure a student's aerobic capacity as part of the FitnessGram assessment. Students run back and forth as many times as they can, each lap signaled by a beep sound. The test get progressively faster as it continues until the student reaches their max lap score.
The PACER Test score is combined in the FitnessGram software with scores for muscular strength, endurance, flexibility and body composition to determine whether a student is in the Healthy Fitness Zone™ or the Needs Improvement Zone™.
Long-term energy storage
O lipids
O protein
O carbohydrates
O nucleic acids
How is the action of epinephrine on blood flow to muscles in the fight-orflight response similar to the action of the plant hormone auxin in apical dominance (see Concept 39.2)?
The correct answer is The two hormones have opposing actions on various target tissues. Epinephrine increases blood flow to skeletal muscles and decreases blood flow to smooth muscles in the digestive system during the flight or flight reaction. Auxin encourages the growth of apical buds while inhibiting the growth of lateral buds in order to achieve apical dominance.
The adrenal glands and adrenergic neurons produce epinephrine, a hormone and neurotransmitter that is generally referred to as adrenaline. Two hormones generated by the adrenal medulla—epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine—start the body's fight-or-flight response (norepinephrine).
The airways open up as a result of the adrenaline reaction, giving the muscles the oxygen they require to fight or flee danger. Auxin, on the other hand, induces apical dominance, which is when a shoot's suppresses the growth of lateral buds to enable vertical growth.
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What are two common anti-patterns during program increment (pi) planning? (choose two.)
The two common anti-patterns during program increment (pi) planning are:
pressuring teams to overcommit, a detailed plan becomes the goal rather than alignment.Thus, this is important as teams focus on one iteration at a time, before trying to make a solid plan for iteration one and then going back for a deep dive in iteration two, etc.
What is Program Increment Planning?This refers to the track laying for a train to ensure that all the train cars go in the same direction
Hence, we can see the two common anti-patterns during program increment (pi) planning are:
pressuring teams to overcommit, a detailed plan becomes the goal rather than alignment.Thus, this is important as teams focus on one iteration at a time, before trying to make a solid plan for iteration one and then going back for a deep dive in iteration two, etc.
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Which part of the human brain distinguishes it from the brain of other animals? midbrain hindbrain forebrai
The part of the human brain that distinguishes it from the brain of other animals is forebrain.
Brain is the largest and he most complex organ of the vertebrates, especially humans. It is protected by the skull on the outer side. The brain is divided into two parts: the right hemisphere and the left hemisphere. The brain has three parts: the forebrain, the midbrain and the hindbrain.
The forebrain is the most complex part of human brain. It consists of cerebral cortex that especially separates it from all the other organisms. The cerebral cortex controls the intelligence, thinking ability and language.
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Which additional muscles are involved in increasing the size of the thoracic cage during forced inspiration after heavy exercise?
During inspiration the diaphragm and the external intercostal muscles tighten, causing an expansion in the thoracic cavity volume. The squeeze of the diaphragm accounts for approximately 75% of the air conditioning during normal breathing.
Which muscles are utilized when inspiration is forced?
The primary inspiratory muscles are the diaphragm and exterior intercostals.
What muscles promote the thoracic cage?
The External Intercostal Muscles Develop the Thoracic Cage by Elevating and Extending the Sternum. The external intercostal muscles develop on the inferior surfaces of the proximal parts of the ribs and insert into the best and distal parts of the next lower rib.
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The three domains you learned about in Concept 1.2 can be represented in the tree of life as the three main branches, with three sub branches on the eukaryotic branch being the kingdoms Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia. What if fungi and animals are more closely related to each other than either of these kingdoms is to plants-as recent evidence strongly suggests? Draw a simple branching pattern that symbolizes the proposed relationship between these three eukaryotic kingdoms.
Fungi are more like animals because they have heterotrophs as opposed to Autotrophs , like plants , that make their own food.
What is the relationship between fungi and animals ?Fungi have evolved mutualism with numerous insect. Arthopods depends on the fungs for protection from predators and pathogens.
Animal and plant interactions with fungi
In terms of their place in the food chain, fungi and mammals are most similar. Animals and fungi do not generate food like plants do. Therefore, outside food sources provide a source of energy for both mammals and fungus.
In addition, research published in 1998 by experts suggests that fungus descended from mammals 9 million years after plants. This implies a closer relationship between fungi and plants.
Chitin, a substance also present in fungi and animals, is absent from plants. Chitin makes up the cell walls of fungi as a structural element.
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are viruses and bacteria single celled organisms?
Answer:
Viruses are not cellular organisms they are more like groups of genetic materials and proteins, this is unlike bacteria which are single-celled microbes that do not contain a nucleus.
Which of the following statements about environmental changes is true?
OPTIONS
Environmental changes always happen very quickly.
Environmental changes cause instant changes in different species.
Environmental changes cause genetic mutations.
Environmental changes can make a genetic mutation more desirable.
The statement indicating that 'environmental changes may likely cause different genetic mutations' is likely true about environmental changes (Option 3 is correct).
What is the relationship between environmental changes and mutations?The association between environmental changes and genetic mutations is due that environmental factors such as excessive temperature or light conditions, for example, may cause stress on the organism, and therefore they are triggers of genetic mutations.
Mutations are the consequence of the alteration in the genetic material that forms the genome of the cells (either gametic germinal cells or somatic cells) of an organism and these changes depend on the homeostatic control (state of internal equilibrium) in which the organism lives.
In conclusion, the statement indicating that 'environmental changes may likely cause different genetic mutations' is likely true about environmental changes (Option 3 is correct).
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The cellular structure involved in controlling the concentration of solutes within the cell is the.
The cellular structure involved in controlling the concentration of solutes within the cell is the cell membrane.
In the field of science, the cell membrane can be described as an organelle that is a selectively permeable membrane through which selective substances move in and out of a cell.
The cell membrane acts as a barrier as to which molecule will move across a cell. In this way, the concentration of solutes, as well as solvents, is controlled inside a cell by the cell membrane.
Carious transport methods, such as active transport, diffusion, and facilitated diffusion, are used for the transportation of solutes inside a cell. The cell membrane maintains a favorable environment for a cell by controlling the concentration of solutes that are to be present inside the cell.
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in the 1930s researchers found that after lesioning the amygdala on borth sides of the brain in monkeys, the monkeys no longer
The researchers in the 1930s discovered that when a certain region of a monkey's brain was destroyed, the animal lost its fearfulness. They approached snakes, starting playing with their hissing tongues and swinging them around like sticks. The amygdala is typically believed to be the central component of a brain system for processing scary and the frightful stimuli.
Including threat recognition and activation of appropriate fear-related responses in response to dangerous or threatening stimuli . Alternately from the irritative lesions of temporal lobe epilepsy, destructive lesions such amygdala ablation have an impact. The amygdala damage results in tameness in animals.
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HELP! Due yesterday;-;
The experiment shows that the brand of the energy drink is the independent variable.
What is independent variable?The independent variable is the variable that is changed during the experiment. This is the variable that is manipulated in the course of the study and it results to changes in the independent variable.
The independent variable is the variable that is being manipulated while the dependent variable is the variable that changes as we change the independent variable. We shall now look critically at the experiment to see the variables involved in the procedure.
1) Considering the experiment, the independent variable is the brand of the energy drink
2) The dependent variable here is the number of packages delivered.
3) The possible constant is the weight and size of the packages
4) Water was given to the workers to compare its effect against the energy drink
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What is the raised groove formed on the dorsal side of the two-layered embryonic disc?
Primary streak is the raised groove formed on the dorsal side of the two-layered embryonic disc.
Primary streak is fashioned on the dorsal facet of embryonic disc around fifteenth day of life and is answerable for the formation of notochord and the 1/3 germ layer namely mesoderm. The notochord is shaped through the addition of cells to its caudal cease because the primitive streak degenerates.
The germ layers expand early in embryonic existence, thru the device of gastrulation. for the duration of gastrulation, a hollow cluster of cells called a blastula reorganizes into number one germ layers: an internal layer, called endoderm, and an outer layer, called ectoderm.
The chorion is a membrane enclosing the chorionic hollow space and paperwork from trophoblast cells and extraembryonic somatic mesoderm. The connecting stalk connects the embryo and yolk sac to the chorion and suspends them inside the chorionic sac.
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Mature bone cells that maintain and monitor protein and mineral content of surround matrix are called:________
Mature bone cells that maintain and monitor the protein and mineral content of the surrounding matrix are called osteocytes.
Osteocytes are mature bone cells, differentiated from osteoblasts which are responsible for keeping the bone matrix. they may synthesize and resorb ruin down the matrix to keep homeostasis. Osteocytes hold bone tissue.
Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells that can be of mesenchymal starting. They synthesize bone matrix and convey a surrounding that promotes bone mineralization. Osteocytes are osteoblasts that must emerge as entrapped in bone. Osteocytes help synthesize and replace wished factors of the matrix via the usage of signaling osteoclasts and osteoblasts to resorb and form new bone.
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During leaf development, the meristem tissue divides __, producing one daughter cell that is just like the mother and another cell that differentiates into guard cell precursors.
Answer: Asymmetrically
Replacement of dead tissue cells with connective tissue cells is a process called?
Regeneration is a sort of healing when new growth entirely transforms injured tissue sections back to their pre-damage state.
What is regeneration of connective tissue cells?After being destroyed, cells and tissues can be repaired via connective tissue or by parenchymal regeneration and replaced with healthy cells. Granulation tissue development is the first step in connective tissue repair.
Regeneration is a natural process that occurs in both plants and animals to replace or bring back to full function cells, tissues, organs, and even complete body parts.
The most sensible and efficient treatment for both the primary degenerative effects (secondary ligament damage) and their underlying cause (ligament damage).
Therefore, regeneration is a process in which replacement of dead tissue cells with connective tissue cells.
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compare and contrast cells,organs,organ system,organelles and atoms.
Living things follow a hierarchy from little to large and are highly structured and organized from atoms to organs system.
The lowest and most basic unit of matter is the atom. It consists of an electron-surrounded nucleus. Moles are made of atoms. . Numerous biologically significant molecules are macromolecules, which are huge molecules created typically by joining monomers, or smaller building blocks. The macromolecule deoxyribonucleic acid is an illustration (DNA).
Organelles are collections of macromolecules seen in some cells that are encased in membranes. Organelles are tiny organelles that carry out specific tasks within cells. All living things are composed of cells, and cells join to form tissues, which are collections of cells with a common function. Organs are groups of tissues arranged in a specific way tissues grouped together based on a common function. An organ system is a higher level of organization that consists of functionally related organs.
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. Based on indexes such as Shannon diversity, is a community of higher species richness always more diverse than a community of lower species richness? Explain.
Not necessarily if only one or a small number of species dominate the community with many species.
How is a species defined?A group of creatures that can breed with one another in nature and create healthy offspring is referred to as a biological species. A species is an organism's fundamental unit of classification, taxonomic rank, and biodiversity.
What are a species' five defining traits?Species characteristics:
Species members resemble one another more closely than do members of any other species.They have comparable morphological characteristics.To create fertile offspring, they interbreed with other members of their own group.Under normal conditions.They come from the same gene pool.To know more about Species visit:
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Suppose you are studying a cell's response to a particular hormone. You observe that the cell produces the same response to the hormone whether or not the cell is treated with a chemical that blocks transcription. What can you surmise about the hormone and its receptor?
We can surmise about the hormone and its receptor that It possesses a cell-surface receptor and is water soluble. These receptors can produce visible changes in cells without hormone-dependent gene transcription, in contrast to those of lipid-soluble hormones.
The sensitivity of a cell to a hormone and the cellular response that results depend on the number of receptors that react to that hormone. Additionally, the quantity of hormone receptors that activate cells might alter throughout time, increasing or decreasing the sensitivity of the cells.Because it has the hormone's receptors, a target cell reacts to the hormone. In other words, a cell is a target cell for a hormone if it has functional receptors for that hormone, and a cell cannot be directly influenced by a hormone if it does not have a functioning receptor.To know more about receptors visit:
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An organism’s niche is determined by its. Which is its physical environment
Answer: An organism’s niche is determined by its , which is it’s physical environment called Habitat.
Explanation: A niche is a part a species perform in the ecosystem. In other words, a niche is how an organism “makes a living.” A niche will add the organism's capacity in the flow of energy within the ecosystem. This includes how the organism generates its energy.
The habitat is the natural area where a species lives. Many circumstances are used to represent a habitat. The common amount of sunlight collected each day, the range of annual warmth, and average yearly rainfall can all represent a habitat.
An organism’s niche is determined by its. Which is its physical environment by its habitat.
What is a habitat?The living area of an organism with easy access to food, water, and shelter is known as the habitat of the organism. Here all the suitable abiotic and biotic conditions meet the requirements of the organism. The animal reproduces only in there natural habitat as it gets suitable mates in the area.
There are four types of habitats freshwater, marine, and coastal habitat. Rivers, lakes, streams, and ponds are a few examples of freshwater habitats. Seas and oceans are the largest marine habitats whereas the area where the coastal line meets the land is the coastal habitat.
Therefore, every organism, animal, and plant has a specific habitat.
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The hormone that causes the ovaries and testes to greatly increase their production of estradiol and testosterone is?
Gonadotropin releasing hormone is the hormone that causes the ovaries and testes to greatly increase their production of estradiol and testerone
What hormone causes females to go through puberty?The adrenal glands, ovaries, and adipose tissue all produce the female sex hormone estrogen, which is principally responsible for puberty-related breast development and the enlargement of the uterine lining throughout the menstrual cycle.
Gonadotropin releasing hormone causes the pituitary gland in the brain to make and secrete the hormone luetinizing hormones and follicles .
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