Explain the significance of the Popol Vuh and Mayan calendar in understanding the Mesoamerican Civilizations.

Two items that were exchanged between Europeans and Native Americans during colonial times were language and religion.

The Columbian exchange is a term that refers to the exchange that took place between the native communities of America and the European groups that came to the American continent to colonize.

There is a great variety of elements that were exchanged in this process of the Columbian exchange. Some of them were religion and language.

In the case of religion, the colonies of Spain were the object of the evangelization of the Orthodox Christian Church. On the other hand, in North America, the British spread different forms of Christianity, especially Protestantism.

On the other hand, the language spread in the same way. In South America and the colonies of Spain, Spanish spread, while in North America English and French spread.

On the other hand, the Europeans obtained from the natives different elements such as precious metals, precious stones, medicinal plants, fruits and vegetables that did not exist in Europe and raw materials that they used in industrial processes.

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The African American Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s brought the struggle for equal rights, including fundamental rights like equal access to education, to the forefront of American consciousness.

The civil rights movement, which primarily occurred in the 1950s and 1960s, was an effort to secure justice and equality for African Americans. People like Malcolm X, the Little Rock Nine, Martin Luther King Jr., and many others led it.

Black Americans experienced both empowerment and vulnerability throughout the civil rights movement. Legislation to prohibit racial discrimination in employment and housing was made possible by the work of civil rights activists and numerous demonstrators of all races.

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Answer:

Andes

Explanation:

Andean highlands of Peru

During the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, three distinctive systems of slavery emerged in the American colonies. In the Chesapeake colonies of Maryland and Virginia, slavery was widely used.

Strict constructionist presidents vetoed bills that used federal monies to fund internal improvements like roads and canals because Federal engagement in internal reforms, they claimed, undermined republicanism by dangerously expanding federal power and disturbing the power structure between the federal government and the states.

Strict constructionism is a legal theory of judicial interpretation in the United States that confines or restricts such interpretation to the actual text of the law.

A strict constructionist thinks that the wording of the Constitution is unambiguous and that the words in the Constitution are literal. This concept is typically linked with the federal judiciary in instances involving constitutional issues.

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The reason why the strict constructionist presidents veto bills used federal monies to fund internal improvements like roads and canals is that they can use it as part of their political achievements.

The veto bills can be described as the power of the President  that is been given to him under he constitution so that he would be able to approve a bill as well as  joint resolution .

It should be noted that this help to prevent its enactment into law  and when they use this power to  fund internal improvements like roads and canals , it serves as part of their achievement in office.

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The reason why small states generally favor a unicameral legislature with each state having the same number of representatives in the U.S. Congress because it is  based on the contention that a true democracy shouldn't have two houses that each represent a different social class.

Large states argued that their greater populations deserved more of a voice, while small states worried that they would be neglected if representation was based on population. Each party would be represented in a balance of power under the bicameral system.

Therefore, It is simpler to achieve collaboration between the executive and legislative branches in a unicameral system. The cost of a unicameral system is lower. A unicameral system gives legislators more authority.

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They coordinated to pick the person who was the best political and spiritual fit.

While the majority of countries worldwide and in Europe are republics (have a head of state who is directly or indirectly elected), the European Union still has seven monarchies, whose heads of state (a monarch) inherit their positions and often hold them for life or until they abdicate.

The majority of monarchies in Europe are constitutional monarchies, which means that neither the monarch, who is either legally prohibited from doing so, nor the monarch, who does not make use of the political powers bestowed upon the office by convention, has any influence over the politics of the state.

Bishops were initially chosen by the local clergy with the blessing of the bishops in the area. The bishops who oversaw the election and carried out the ordination "put a freshly elected bishop in office and granted his authority."

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Answer:

D. There were repeated power struggles between kings and popes over who made the selection.

Explanation:

During the Middle Ages, the appointment of bishops was a source of tension between monarchs and popes. Kings and emperors often wanted to appoint bishops within their realms as a way to exert control over the Church and its wealth, while popes sought to assert their own authority over Church appointments. This led to a number of power struggles between monarchs and popes over the appointment of bishops, with each trying to assert their own authority. This struggle was known as the Investiture Controversy. Eventually, the Concordat of Worms was signed in 1122, which established the principle that the pope would have the right to appoint bishops, but the king or emperor would have the right to invest them with their lands and temporal rights.

So the answer is D. There were repeated power struggles between kings and popes over who made the selection.

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Answer:

It was adapted to be used by very small Christian congregations.

Explanation:

A culturally responsive activity could be identifying a cultural aspect of Africa, such as African rhythms and music to be described in a paragraph.

It corresponds to an educational activity whose focus is to make students research, identify and analyze determinant aspects of different types of culture in the world.

The culturally responsive activity aims to create in the student the development of ethics and respect for cultural diversity.

Therefore, assuming that for this activity the student develops his paragraph on African rhythms, he could write about capoeira, lundo and coco, and how African rhythms influenced the emergence of western rhythms, such as rock'n roll, reggae and samba.

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Indigenous peoples who spoke Algonquian, Iroquoian, and Siouan languages all planted “three sisters” crops. Even after they started farming, the Algonquians continued to rely on hunting and gathering for their food.

The "three sisters"—corn, beans, and squash—were known to all the tribes of the Northeast because of their complementing growth characteristics, nutritional worth, and ease of storage. Men would hunt and occasionally help in farming, while women would pick berries and till the cornfields. Indigenous Native Americans from the Northeast who lived close to rivers would fish for salmon and gather shellfish as well. The Iroquois people referred to corn, squash, and beans collectively as the sacred "three sisters."

The Iroquois believed that the three sisters crops could only flourish if they were planted closely together. Iroquois and Siouan created sophisticated pottery to store the excess food when there was an abundance of it. They also made baskets to help in farming.

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Concerned about the catholic minority in Mary land, Leonard Calvert orders the second lord Baltimore to make a law requiring Catholics to practice their faith quietly and privately.  Thus, option (a) is correct.

What is law?

The term “law” refers to a system of rules created by authorities and governments. The law's objective is to safeguard citizens against the abuses of others. The law exists on three levels: local, state, and national.

Between the years 1606 and 1647, Leonard Calvert defined himself. It was the single governor of the minority in Mary Land, and Leonard Calvert, King in the Law, was the one who gave Catholics the freedom to practice their faith quietly and secretly.

Therefore, option (a) is correct.

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Your question is incomplete, but most probably the full question was.

Answer:

Historically it appers that the sudnay being a day of whishep gose as far back as 115 ad there is no pacefic day that is mentioned

Because of its emphasis on the idea of building a community and on behaviours that, at least in theory, attempted to create that community, communism grew to resemble religion. It had the characteristics of "group building" just by mandating universal belief in one vision.

An example of the largest and the most violent Maoist formation in India is the Communist Party of India (Maoist).

Maoism, or Mao Zedong Thought, is a left-leaning political philosophy and variant of Marxism-Leninism that Mao Zedong devised in order to bring about a socialist revolution in the rural, pre-industrial society of the Republic of China, and later the People's Republic of China.

Mao Tse Tung created the communist ideology known as maoism. A combination of armed insurgency, widespread mobilisation, and strategic alliances is the doctrine used to seize State power. As further elements of their insurgency strategy, the Maoists also deploy propaganda and false information against State institutions.

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The way that fighting in multiple theatres affected Allied planning was that the Allies decided that the war in Europe had priority and so focused on it over the Pacific and other theatres.

The Second World War was fought in multiple theatres such as Africa, Europe, Asia, and Russia and there was therefore a need for an Allied presence in all of these areas.

Allied planning decided that the War in Europe was priority because the Germans were quite strong. As a result, they focused on Europe and then defeated the Germans while still fighting with less force in other theatres.

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Answer:

A. Broken down soldiers

Sorry for bad English, love from Vanuatu!

Explanation:

Answer:when absolute power is granted to a ruler

Explanation:

The two European figures that deliberately preserved many Roman laws in their territories were Urban II and Henry II.

Below you can read more about he roman Empire.

The Roman Empire was founded when Augustus Caesar proclaimed himself the first emperor of Rome in 31BC and came to an end with the fall of Constantinople in 1453CE.

At the time the empire was established, it included large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia, and was ruled by emperor.

Pope Urban II was known to have preserved Roman Laws and also he was popular for convening the Council of Clermont which served as the catalyst for the Crusades.

Henry II was King of England in the 12th century and he also helped in preserving Roman Laws. He was also famous for expanding  the Anglo-French domains and strengthened the royal administration.

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Answer: Urban II and Henry II

Explanation:

As Democratic-Republicans mostly want to ensure a strong government and central banking system with a national bank, they can disagree that the state is not suppose to tax the federal government.

The case of "McCulloch v. Maryland" was an important federal case in which the  Court decision defined the scope of the U.S. legislative power and how it relates to the powers of American state legislatures.

Here, the Supreme court held that  Federal Government had the right and power to set up a Federal bank and that states did not have the power to tax the Federal Government. In conclusion, the justice ruled in favor of the Federal Government and concluded that the power to tax involves the power to destroy.

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The two main causes of the division between the East and the West. Political disputes and theological disagreements joined together to cause The Great Schism. The question of whether or not unleavened bread may be used for the sacrament of communion was one of the numerous theological differences between the western (Roman) and eastern (Byzantine) branches of the church.

What distinguishes the Eastern from the Western schism?

The doctrinal and political divisions that had grown over the years between Eastern and Western Christianity culminated in the schism. The formal separation that took place in 1054 was preceded by a series of ecclesiastical conflicts and doctrinal disagreements between the Greek East and Latin West.

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The option that is not a new or Second Wave immigrant characteristic is unskilled & uneducated.

The purpose why some of the immigrants do migrate is ti find a better life for themselves as well as their children, it should be noted that the immigrants are the set of people that moves from one region to the another so tat they can seek for better opportunities that can change their lives as well as their career.

It should be noted that the  new or Second Wave immigrant can be seen as those immigrants that are ready to work weather with their skills so that they can better their live and have access to more civil life that is much more better that where they were coming from, which do help them to focus on their work.

Therefore, the first option is correct.

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The Supreme Court determined in Dred Scott v. Sandford  that all Americans of African heritage, whether free or slave, were not citizens of the United States and could not file lawsuits in federal court.

The Court further determined that Congress lacked the authority to outlaw slavery in American territory. Finally, the Court ruled that because slaves were considered to be property, the Fifth Amendment guaranteed the rights of slaveowners constitutional protection.

The debate started in 1833 when Dred Scott, a slave, was bought by Dr. John Emerson, an army surgeon, and then sent to a post in the Wisconsin Territory. As a result of the Missouri Compromise, slavery was outlawed in the region. The following four years Scott resided there while working for hire during the protracted periods while Emerson was abroad.

Scott and his family relocated to Louisiana in 1840 before following Emerson to St. Louis. Eliza Irene Sanford, Emerson's wife, received the Scott family upon his death in 1843. The Scotts tried to buy their freedom from Sanford in 1846 after years of toiling and saving, but she refused.

Dred Scott then filed a lawsuit against Sanford in a state court, asserting his legal freedom as a result of having lived with his family in a region where slavery was illegal. The state court eventually ruled Scott free in 1850.

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President Jefferson responded to the situation by ordering his secretary of state not to deliver Marbury's commission, blocking Marbury from becoming a judge.

Marbury v. Madison which is arguably the most important case in Supreme Court history, was the first U.S. Supreme Court case which applied the principle of judicial review. Thus, the facts surrounding Marbury were complicated.

In the election of 1800, the newly organized Democratic-Republican party of Thomas Jefferson is said to defeat the Federalist party of John Adams.  Then, the Marbury's commission was not delivered. So when President Jefferson assumed office March 5, 1801, he ordered James Madison, his Secretary of State, not to deliver them.

Hence, option C is correct.

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The 19th century was a revolutionary period in European the past and a time of great change in all spheres of life

Throughout the 19th century, England was a Christian country. The only material non-Christian faith was Judaism: the integer of Jews in Britain rose from 60,000 in 1880 to 300,000 by 1914, as an upshot of migrants running away from persecution in Russia and eastern Europe. The 19th century saw the stand up of Biblical criticism, a new grasp of religious diversity in other continents, and above all the growth of science. This led many Christians to highlight brotherhood, to see miracles as myths, and to emphasize a good approach with religion as a lifestyle rather than revealed truth. the early 19th century in a time known as the Second Great Awakening. Marked by a wave of enthusiastic religious revivals.

So we can conclude that Religious identity refers to how individuals develop their personal sense of religious and/or spiritual identity over the 19th century, the course of their lifetimes

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At its most basic, double-consciousness means having two identities that are frequently at odds with one another. The concept of dual consciousness is theoretical in neuroscience.

When a person has dual consciousness, they simultaneously possess two sets of beliefs that are incompatible with one another. For instance, the working class may hold a set of values learned in the job in opposition to a set of ideas received from the educational system.

Du Boise introduces three components to the notion of double consciousness in this succinct but important paragraph: the veil, twoness, and second sight.

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Answer:

When prometheus lived among the humans, he experienced what poverty was like. The gods lived in luxury while the humans were starving in cold caves. Because of his kind heart, he gifted humans the secret of fire for food and warmth.  

Explanation:

Paleolithic humans may not have "created" architecture, according to architectural anthropologists; rather, they were the first to gradually define and shape their surrounds to construct places that would help them better comprehend the world and their place in it.

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Answer:

stay neutral, not taking sides.

Explanation:

In the beginning, the United States wanted nothing to  do with European conflicts.

The murder of Prince Franz Ferdinand started WWI. United States stayed out of it -- declaring it to be a European Problem..

The straw that broke the camel's back came in the form of Germany's determined efforts to use submarines to sink passenger ships. In 1915 the Arabic and the Lusitania were both sunk, and that enraged Wilson, it was not enough to push him to war. But it was enough to use later, when Germany issued a private note urging Mexico to declare war on The United States to get their (Mexico's) land back.

After being disenfranchised in the South, Black Americans found a new place in public life in the cities of the North and West, ushering in a new era of increasing political activism. This activism directly benefited the civil rights movement.

This rural-to-urban migration was more than just a geographical shift. It meant a dramatic shift in occupation and way of life, a shift that has been the subject of generations of social research and policy. It also meant significant changes in the political economy. Farm-belt power, like farm people, was drained into cities.

The death of a rural resident has an impact on the level of output and development of rural areas.

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In the "The Caddo Chiefdoms of Texas" talks about the trade network of the Caddo.  the groups that were not traded with was the guns

This was the period that was in the Mississippian era. That is, it was the period that had to do with the ceremonial happenings that took place in the Caddo society as well as what the people would trade in at the time.

The people were in  the Missippi region and they would trade in Buffalo hides, in Pottery as well as other items that were considered as exotic items at the period of time.

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