Chemistry =>Introduction to Chemistry => Scientific Method
A scientific method corresponds to a methodology to obtain new knowledge.
We must start from an idea, an assumption of how a compound or a process behaves, this is our hypothesis.
Following this, we must identify what can affect our process, what are the variables, and what will be the response variable, for this we carry out an experiment.
Once the experiments have been carried out, we must analyze the results, draw conclusions as to why the behavior occurs, and if our hypothesis is true or not.
It is useless for us to obtain new knowledge if we do not share it, We have to share the results, in this way other people can start from that knowledge to create another,
Therefore, the answer will be:
1. Make a hypothesis
2. Conduct an experiment
3. Analyze the experiment data
4. Communicate the results
a chemist has three different acid solutions. the first acid solution contains 25 % acid, the second contains 45 % and the third contains 85 % . he wants to use all three solutions to obtain a mixture of 95 liters containing 65 % acid, using 3 times as much of the 85 % solution as the 45 % solution. how many liters of each solution should be used?
First acid solution contains 19 liters of 25% acid, second acid contains 19 liters of 45% acid, and the third contains 57 liters of 45% acid.
Let us take x as the liters of 25% acid, y as the liters of 45% acid, and z as the liters of 85% acid.
From this we get an equation:
x + y + z = 95
0.25x + 0.45y + 0.85z = (0.65)95
By equating both the equation we have:
y + 3z = 190
y = 190 - 3z
It is given that z = 3y
Solve the system of equations using eliminating or substituting we get:
x + y + z = 95
x + y + 3y = 95
x + 4y = 95
x = 95- 4y
0.25( 95 - 4y ) + 0.45y + 0.85(3y) = (0.65) 95
23.75- y + 0.45y + 2.55y = 61.75
2y = 38
y = 19
x = 95 - 4y
= 95 -76
= 19
z = 3y
= 3× 19
= 57
Therefore the chemist needs 19 liters of 25% acid, 19 liters of 25% acid and, 57 liters of 85% acid.
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Question is located on the picture below
Which group in the Periodic Table contains elements that are all gases?
1. 11
2. 17
3. 12
4. 18
Answer:
d
Explanation:
the group's name is called noble gases. hence they are all gases.
can someone help me please !
The boiling point and freezing point of sulfur dioxide are -10℃ and -72.7℃ (at 1 atm), respectively. The triple point is -75℃ and 1.65 ×10-3 atm, and its critical point is at 157℃ and 78 atm. On the basis of this information, draw a rough sketch of the phase diagram of SO2.
What's phase diagram?
The phase diagram is a pressure vs temperature sketch. On the graph, the different physical states of any system at variable temperature and pressure are shown.
What's a Triple point?
A triple point is the point on a phase diagram where all three states of a system (solid, liquid, and gas) are in equilibrium.
What's a Critical point?
A critical point is that point on the phase diagram where the boundary between the liquid phase and gaseous phase vanishes away.
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Which is equal to 4 hectometers?
Answer:
There are 400 meters in a hectometer?
Explanation:
Answer:
there are 400 meters in a hectometer?
Explanation:
which is the correct answer?
The true statement about the reaction is that the reaction reaches equilibrium around 1.5 seconds.
What is a reversible reaction?We say that a reaction is reversible if the reaction can proceed both in the forward and the reverse directions. Let us recall that it is possible for a reversible reaction to attain a status of dynamic equilibrium. The status of dynamic equilibrium is the status where the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of reverse reaction.
If we look at the graph as we have it we would notice that there is such a point of dynamic equilibrium as we survey the system around 1.5 seconds.
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The true statement about the reaction is the reaction reaches equilibrium around 1.5 seconds. Thus option D is correct.
What is reversible reaction?Reversible reaction is defined as a reaction in which the transformation of both reactants and products into one another takes place simultaneously.
If a response may occur in both the forward and reverse directions, we say that it is reversible. Let's not forget that a reversible reaction can reach a state of dynamic equilibrium. The condition known as dynamic equilibrium occurs when the forward reaction rate and the backward reaction rate are equal.
If we were to examine the graph as it currently stands, we would see that the system reaches a point of dynamic equilibrium after 1.5 seconds of observation.
Thus, the true statement about the reaction is the reaction reaches equilibrium around 1.5 seconds. Thus option D is correct.
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What is the weighted average of a
nail in the sample data given?
Nail Size
3d
16d
Number of
Nails
24
176
Percent
Abundance
12
88
Mass of One
Nail (g)
3. 30
12. 25
Weighted
Average
[?]
Hint: The percent abundance takes into account
the relative number of each type of nail.
Weighted Average
Enter
The weighted average of the nail size in the sample data is 0.0571 d.
To calculate the weighted average of the nail sizes in the given data, we need to first calculate the total mass of all the nails in the sample. We can do this by multiplying the number of nails of each size by the mass of one nail of that size and then adding up the results:
Total mass = (24 nails of size 3d) x (3.30 g/nail) + (176 nails of size 16d) x (12.25 g/nail)
Total mass = 79.20 g + 2156.00 g
Total mass = 2235.20 g
Next, we can calculate the weight fraction of each nail size by dividing the mass of nails of each size by the total mass:
Weight fraction of 3d nails = (24 nails) x (3.30 g/nail) / 2235.20 g = 0.000360
Weight fraction of 16d nails = (176 nails) x (12.25 g/nail) / 2235.20 g = 0.007901
Finally, we can calculate the weighted average of the nail sizes by multiplying each weight fraction by the corresponding nail size and then adding up the results:
Weighted average = (0.000360 x 3d) + (0.007901 x 16d) = 0.0571 d
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potassium iodide reacts with lead (ii) nitrate to form lead (ii) iodide and potassium nitrate. what are the reactants? what are the products?
The reactant will be potassium iodide and lead (ii) nitrate. The products will be lead (ii) iodide and potassium nitrate.
In the field of chemistry, reactants can be described as starting materials that react together in order to form a product. The reactants are the starting material whereas the products are the ending material.
In the case above, potassium iodide and lead (ii) nitrate are the reacting materials as they are the starting materials. On the other hand, lead (ii) iodide and potassium nitrate are the ending products of this reaction.
While writing a chemical equation, the reactants are written on the left-hand side, before an arrow. On the other hand, the products are written on the right-hand side after the arrow.
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suppose you perform a titration of an unknown weak acid solution. you start with 4.00 ml of the weak acid and find that it takes 18.3 ml of 0.0500 m naoh to reach the equivalence point. what is the concentration of the unknown weak acid solution? enter your answer to three significant figures in units of m.
The concentration of the unknown weak acid solution is 0.228 M.
How to Calculate the of concentration?Acid dissociation constant, K a K text a Ka, and weak acids. Acids that don't entirely dissociate in solution are referred to as weak acids. In other words, any acid that is not a strong acid qualifies as a weak acid. The amount of dissociation determines how strong an acid is; the more dissociation, the stronger the acid.
Equivalent point:
Since the volume is 4.00 mL of the weak acid, and it takes 18.3 mL of 0.0500 M NaOH to reach the equivalence point.
We know that
In the equivalence point, [H⁺] = [OH⁻].
here the given formula C₁V₁=C₂V₂ is used
Here
C₁ = 0.0500 M
V₁ = 18.3 mL
C₂ = ?
V₂ = 4.00 mL
So, the C₂ is
0.0500 M * 18.3mL = C₂ * 4.00 mL
C₂ = 0.228M
The concentration of the unknown weak acid solution is 0.228 M
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when monosaccharides are bonded together a. polysaccharides are formed by combining many monosaccharides. b. oligosaccharides are formed by combining a few monosaccharides. c. all of these d. one h2o molecule is lost for each new link formed.
When monosaccharides are bonded together c) all of these are correct.
Monosaccharides can be described as sugars from which all other complex forms of sugars are formed. Monosaccharides are the simplest form of sugars the combination of which leads to the formation of disaccharides, polysaccharides and oligosaccharides.
When the monosaccharides join in order to form complex sugar molecules, a single molecule of water is lost by each new link or joining of molecules that occur.
As monosaccharides are simplest of sugars, they are more easily absorbed as compared to other types of sugars.
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In carrying out the first standardization in this experiment, a student used 0.5793 g of potassium hydrogen phthalate (khp) and 24.55 ml of a naoh solution are needed to reach the equivalence point. what is the concentration (in mol/l) of the student's naoh solution? include only the numerical answer (no units).
In carrying out the first standardization in this experiment, a student used 0.5793 g of potassium hydrogen phthalate (khp) and 24.55 ml of a NaOH solution are needed to reach the equivalence point then the concentration of student NaOH solution is 0.02455 L
Standardization is the process in which determining the exact concentration of molarity of the solution and here given data is
Mass of potassium hydrogen phthalate (C₈H₅KO₄) = 0.5793 g
Molar mass of potassium hydrogen phthalate (C₈H₅KO₄) = 204.22g/mol
The number of mole of potassium hydrogen phthalate present then,
Number of moles = mass/molar mass
Number of moles = 0.5793 g/204.22g/mol = 0.002836 mole
Volume of NaOH present = 24.55 ml
1 ml = 0.001 L then, 24.55 ml = 24.55 ml×0.001 L = 0.02455 L
The concentration (in mol/l) of the student's naoh solution is 0.02455 L
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What is the conjugate base of H2BO3- (I am confused because one has - and +. I dont understand which one the answer would be)
The conjugate base of a compound is what this compound will be after donating a H⁺.
The comopund in question is H₂BO₃⁻. After it loses 1 H⁺, it will have one less H atom and its charge decrease by one. Its charge is only with a "-" sign, which means its chargeis 1-. After decreasing by one, the charge becomes 2-.
So, the conjugate base will be HBO₃²⁻
what is stripped from each water molecule
Answer:
HS is stripped from each O.
a mineral compound is composed of mn and o. if 77% of the mass of the mineral compound is due to manganese, what is the empirical formula of the mineral compound?
Answer:
MnO
Explanation:
See the attachwed worksheet
Simple expriment with Candle that Show the necessary of air far t burining Cansiser how the Scientific method in this Simple experment with air for buring under to d/F Conditions Applies in this necessary
Answer:
use a tumbler to cover a candle that is burning, after a few minutes it turns off automatically without any external forces due to the absence of oxygen
Explanation:
The enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of atp as hydrogen ions flow down their concentration gradient is called.
The enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of ATP as hydrogen ions flow down their concentration gradient is called ATP synthase.
What is ATP synthase?In the inner mitochondriаl membrаne, hydrogen ions hаve just one chаnnel аvаilаble: а membrаne-spаnning protein known аs АTP synthаse. Conceptuаlly, АTP synthаse is а lot like а turbine in а hydroelectric power plаnt. Insteаd of being turned by wаter, it’s turned by the flow of hydrogen ions moving down their electrochemicаl grаdient. Аs АTP synthаse turns, it cаtаlyzes the аddition of а phosphаte to АDP, cаpturing energy from the proton grаdient аs АTP.
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IN THE FIRSTSTAGE OF CHOLERA, THE BACTERIUM FINDS A HOST CELL IN THE SMALL INTESTINE. THE BACTERIUM THEN RELEASES TOXIC PROTEINS CALLED TOXINS NEAR THE HOST CELL. THROUGH WHICH PROCESS COULD A LARGE MOLECULE SUCH AS A PROTEIN LEAVE THE CHOLERA CELL?
A process through which a large molecule such as a protein could leave the cholera cell is generally referred to as: c) exocytosis.
What is cholera?Cholera can be defined as a type of disease which is typically caused by a bacteria that is referred to as Vibrio cholerae. Also, cholera gets into the body of a living organism through an ingestion of contaminated food or water.
What is exocytosis?Exocytosis simply refers to a process which typically involves a cell releasing a large amount of a material (bulk transport) outside of the cell, especially through the use of vesicles.
This ultimately implies that, exocytosis can be defined as a biological process in which living organisms release (expel) large amount of unwanted material by using the vesicles.
Additionally, exocytosis is a biological process that is initiated by the Golgi apparatus and it can be used to expel a large molecule such as protein from cholera cells.
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Complete Question:
In the first stage of cholera, the bacterium finds a host cell in the small intestine. The bacterium then releases toxic proteins called toxins near the host cell. Through which process could a large molecule such as a protein leave the cholera cell?
a) osmosis
b) diffusion
c) exocytosis
d) endocytosis
how much volume in ml will you need to take from 2.7 m concentrated stock solution if you would like to prepare a diluted 0.8 solution with 100 ml? report and round your answer to a whole integer.
To make a 100 ml solution of 0.8 m from a 2.7 m concentrated stock solution we have to take a volume of: 30 ml of the concentrated solution
To solve this problem, the formula and the procedure that we have to use is:
c1 * v1 = c2 * v2
Where:
c1= concentration of the concentrated solutionv1 = volume of the concentrated solutionc2 = concentration of the diluted solutionv2 = volume of the diluted solutionInformation about the problem:
c1 = 2.7 mv1=?c2 = 0.8 mv2=100 mlApplying the dissolution of concentrations formula and clearing the volume of the concentrated solution (v1) we get:
c1 * v1 = c2 * v2
v1 = (c2 * v2)/ c1
v1 = (0.8 m * 100 ml)/ 2.7 m
v1= 29.6 ml
By rounding the volume to a whole integer value we have:
v1= 30 ml
What is a solution?In chemistry a solution is known as a homogeneous mixture of two or more components called:
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How can photochemical smog impact the environment? PLS HURRY ASAP
It can increase the number of insects in the area.
It can reduce the amount of plastic in the ocean.
It can increase tree and plant growth in a city.
It can decrease the crop yield in a region
Photochemical smog effects largely the growth of plants by interfering in nitrogen cycle and by causing atmospheric pollution.Thus option D is correct.
What is photochemical smog?Photochemical smog is a brown haze in the atmosphere formed by the burning of fuels and from naturally released pollutants when exposed to UV radiation undergo a series of hydrocarbon reactions to produce photochemical smog.
The main composition of photochemical smog is oxides of nitrogen and it further undergo further reaction with hydrocarbons entered into he atmosphere by burning fuels produce secondary pollutants.
These secondary pollutants again creates air pollution and serious other issues such as reduction in plant growth because they interfere the atmospheric nitrogen cycle which is essential for crop yield.
Hence, photochemical smog can decrease the crop yield in a region and option D is correct.
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If we weighed a cup of water and a spoonful of pepper separately and then stirred the pepper into the water and weighed the mixture, how do you think the weights would compare? Why? What if we did the same with sugar?
Answer:
it would be the same weight but it's ith sugar I think it would way more
atmospheric pressure at sea level is equal to a column of 760 mm hg. oxygen makes up 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume. the partial pressure of oxygen (po2) in such conditions is .
The partial pressure of oxygen in such conditions is equal to 160 mm Hg.
As the percentage of oxygen in the air is 21 percent, the mole fraction of oxygen in the air can be calculated as follows;
mole fraction of oxygen in air = 21 ÷ 100 = 0.21
Now we can determine the partial pressure of oxygen by using the equation given by Raoult's law as follows;
partial pressure of oxygen = total pressure of air × mole fraction of oxygen
As the atmospheric pressure at sea level is stated to be 760 mm hg and the calculated value of the mole fraction of oxygen is 0.21, substituting these values in the equation as follows;
partial pressure of oxygen = 760 mm hg × 0.21
partial pressure of oxygen = 160 mm hg
Therefore, the partial pressure of oxygen is calculated to be 160 mm hg.
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A compound conducts electricity in the solid state and does not dissolve in water. It isshiny and malleable. What type of bonding does it likely have?b. Ionicc. metallica.Covalent
Metallic solids,
the atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties. All exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability.
Answer: c. metallic
two compounds might have spots with the same rf value in a chromatography experiment and not be identical compounds. which proposed chromatography experiment could best help determine whether the compounds are identical? select one: repeat the original experiment with a different solvent system repeat the original experiment with the development chamber jar open repeat the original experiment with larger spots of each compound repeat the original experiment with a mixture of the compounds in a single spot
The chromatography experiment which would best decide whether the compounds are identical or not is to Repeat the original experiment once more with various solvent systems;
If two things have the same Rf value, they are probably the same compound, but not always. They are definitely distinct compounds if their Rf values differ.
Compounds with a low polarity have higher Rf values than compounds with higher polarity. Compounds' absorptivity typically rises in tandem with their polarity—that is, the more polar a compound is, the more strongly it binds to the adsorbent. Solvents' eluting power increases with polarity. In diverse solvents, different compounds with identical Rf values might behave differently.
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copper(ii) ions appear blue in aqueous solution. this is the transmitted color. the wavelengths of light that are not absorbed give rise to the perceived or transmitted color of a substance. based on the principle of complementary colors, which colors and wavelengths would you expect to be the most strongly absorbed by cu 2 ions?
Based on the Principle of Complementary Colors , the colors and wavelengths expected to be the most strongly absorbed by cu 2+ ions are :-
Orange : 600–640 nm
Blue : 450–480 nm
Violet :400–450 nm
Green : 450–560 nm
Red : 640–700 nm
Yellow : 560–600 nm
Complementary color are pairs of colors which, while blended or mixed, cancel every different out (lose hue) via generating a grayscale color like white or black. whilst located next to every other, they devise the most powerful contrast for those colours. Complementary colours may also be known as "opposite colorings".
The RGB coloration version, invented inside the 19th century and absolutely advanced inside the twentieth century, uses combos of pink, inexperienced, and blue mild towards a black heritage to make the colours visible on a computer monitor or television display. Within the RGB version, the primary colors are purple, green, and blue. The complementary number one–secondary combinations are crimson–cyan, inexperienced–magenta, and blue–yellow. Inside the RGB colour version, the mild of complementary shades, consisting of pink and cyan, combined at full depth, will make white mild, for the reason that complementary hues comprise mild with the whole variety of the spectrum. If the light isn't always completely severe, the resulting mild will be gray.
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CAN someone please help me !!!!!!!!
The balloon and the comb definitely have the same electrical charge. Option 2.
Like charges repelAccording to the law of attraction in physics, like charges repel while unlike charges attract.
Going by this law:
positive and positive will repelnegative and negative will repelpositive and negative will attract.In other words, if 2 objects that have the same charges are brought close to each other, there will be a repulsion. If the 2 objects are of different charges, there will be an attractive force between them.
The students observed that the comb repelled the balloon. The implication is that the comb and the balloon are of the same charge.
This is logical considering the fact that both objects were rubbed against hair. They got their charges during the process of rubbing. An electrostatic force is generated that moves electrons from the hair to the two objects.
Thus, both the balloon and the comb are negatively charged and will, therefore, repel each other.
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how do we know the amount of electrons that an element has?
I need help
Answer:
The easiest way to find the number of neutrons, protons, or electrons is to look at the element's atomic number on the periodic table, that number is equal to the number of protons. Which is equal to the number of electrons unless there's an ion superscript listed after the element.
Explanation:
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here are three isotopes of silicon: si-28, si-29, and si-30, with relative abundances of 92.23%, 4.67%, and 3.1%, respectively. determine the atomic mass of silicon.
The atomic mass of silicon is calculated to be 28.1087 amu if the three isotopes have relative abundances of 92.23%, 4.67%, and 3.1%, respectively.
The atomic mass of an element can be determined by first changing the percentage abundance of each isotope into decimal form, then multiplying this value by the atomic mass of that isotope. Then the resultant value of each isotope is added together to get the atomic mass of the element.
As the mass of the three isotopes of silicon is 28 amu, 29 amu, and 30 amu with relative abundances of 92.23%, 4.67%, and 3.1%, respectively, we can calculate the atomic mass of silicon as follows;
si-28 = 92.23% = 92.23/100 = 0.9223
si-29 = 4.67% = 4.67/100 = 0.0467
si-30 = 3.1% = 3.1/100 = 0.031
Now multiplying these values by the atomic mass;
si-28 = 0.9223 × 28 = 25.8244
si-29 = 0.0467 × 29 = 1.3543
si-30 = 0.031 × 30 = 0.93
Now adding these values together;
atomic mass of silicon = 25.8244 + 1.3543 + 0.93
atomic mass of silicon = 28.1087 amu
Therefore; the atomic mass of silicon is calculated to be 28.1087 amu.
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what is the ph of the soil in your backyard?
currently, the heaviest alkaline earth metal is radium (atomic number 88). if we ever discover/synthesis them, what will be the atomic numbers of the next two alkaline earth metals?
Atomic number. should be 120.
due to.... a/q
Alkaline earth metals are part of the eighth group and are known to exist in two groups.
Consequently, the element's atomic number will be 120.
What is meant by atomic number?The quantity of protons in an atom's nucleus is known as the atomic number. An element's identity is determined by its proton count (i.e., an element with 6 protons is a carbon atom, no matter how many neutrons may be present).
A chemical element's atomic number is its position in the periodic system, which places the elements in ascending order of the number of protons in their nuclei. As a result, the atomic number is also determined by the number of protons, which is always equal to the number of electrons in a neutral atom.
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Write about one example of a positive feedback in the human body. Name what the stimulus is and how the response impacts this stimulus. Someone please help me with this assignment
An example of positive feedback in the human body may be the increased production of a hormone in response to the products of the same hormone, a stimulus is a reaction produced as a consequence of a change in the environment, while a response impacts the stimulus to maintain homeostasis.
What is positive feedback?The expression positive feedback is used in biology to explain the output of a process that may feed the input of the same biological process, such as occurs when a hormone is synthesized depending on the concentration of its hormonal product.
Moreover, a stimulus is a change in conditions that surround an organism and it leads to a concomitant response to maintain the state of equilibrium which is referred to as homeostasis.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that homeostasis and stimulus are interrelated, which positive feedback is a response as the output of the same process.
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