A student finds two green powders that look the same. He wants to figure out if the two powders are the same or different substances. Which of the following is
the best method to use?
I temperature of each powder
Mix the two green powders together and then test the properties.

Answer:

limonene molecule.

Explanation:

The balanced chemical equation between magnesium and hydrochloric acid  is Mg + 2 HCl[tex]\rightarrow[/tex] MgCl₂ + H₂

Chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction which is written in the form of symbols and chemical formulas.The reactants are present on the left hand side while the products are present on the right hand side.

A plus sign is present between reactants and products if they are more than one in any case and an arrow is present pointing towards the product side which indicates the direction of the reaction .There are coefficients present next to the chemical symbols and formulas .

The first chemical equation was put forth by Jean Beguin in 1615.By making use of chemical equations the direction of reaction ,state of reactants and products can be stated. In the chemical equations even the temperature to be maintained and catalyst can be mentioned.

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Metals reacts with hydrogen halides to produce metallic halides easily and the reaction evolves hydrogen gas. The balanced reaction of Mg and HCl is written as follows:

[tex]Mg (s) + 2HCl \rightarrow MgCl_{2} (aq)+ H_{2}(g)[/tex]

A balanced reaction is represented by a chemical equation, in which each elements are equal in number on both side of the reaction. Thus the coefficients of reactants must be in proper stoichiometric ratios.

Metals easily reacts with hydrogen halides such as HCl, HBr, HF etc to form their metal halides. This reaction evolves hydrogen gas. Metals are highly electropositive and they can donate electrons to the electronegative atoms such as Cl.

In the given reaction, there are 2 hydrogens and two chlorines in the product side. Thus We have to multiply HCl by 2. Thus, there will be equal number of hydrogens in both side and similar for Mg and chlorines.

Therefore, the balanced reaction is :[tex]Mg (s) + 2HCl \rightarrow MgCl_{2} (aq)+ H_{2}(g)[/tex]. and the whole number coefficients are 1,2,1,1.

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Democritus proposed the idea that atoms were unique to the substance they were found .

Model of Bohr (1913)

Niels Bohr made Rutherford's model better. He demonstrated, using mathematical concepts, that electrons reside in energy levels or shells surrounding the nucleus. Due to the discovery of subatomic particles, the Dalton model has evolved over time.

Astonishing scientific advancements in fields like contemporary chemistry and nuclear energy resulted from the finding that all matter is composed of microscopic particles, which was made possible by the atomic theory.

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The first step to find the mass of the 8 moles of NH₃ is to find the molar mass of NH₃. The molar mass of any compound is the mass of one mol of it. To calculate it, we have to look for the atomic masses of the elements that the molecule has.

N: 14.01 amu

H: 1.01 amu

Then the molar mass of NH₃ will be:

molar mass of NH₃ = 14.01 + 3 * 1.01

molar mass of NH₃ = 17.04 g/mol

Now that we know the molar mass of NH₃ (the mass of one mol of it) we can easily find the mass of 8 moles.

mass = 8 moles of NH₃ * 17.04 g/mol = 136.32 g

mass = 136.32 g

Answer: the mass in grams of 8 moles of ammonia is 136.32 g

The final temperature if the final pressure is 0.65 atm will be 585 K

It is given that

Initial Volume of sample = V1 = 6.5 L

Initial temperature = T1 = 298 K

Initial pressure = P1 = 0.51 atm

Final Volume = V2 = 9.9 L

Final temperature = T2 = ?

Final pressure = P2 = 0.65 atm

Gay-Lussac's law - The pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the. temperature when volume and amount of substance is constant. P1/T1 = P2/T2 Combined gas law P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2 Use the gas laws for pressure, volume and temperature calculations.

P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2

0.52 x 6.5/298 = 0.65 x 9.9/T2

0.011 = 6.435/T2

T2 = 585 K

Hence, final temperature if the final pressure is 0.65 atm will be 585 K

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It's important to know that gases don't have a defined volume as solids do because they don't have a definite shape.

Also, gas partcles are not tied together because their intermolecular forces are weak, this enables them to travel away one from another.

Therefore, the answer is A.

Based on the mole ratio of the reactants, 2 cakes can be made.

Limiting reactants are the reactants in a chemical reaction that are used up in a reaction.

Limiting reactants are the reactants upon which the reaction depends. Once the limiting reactant is used up, the reaction will stop.

Hence, the amount of product that can be formed from a reaction depends on the limiting reactant.

The limiting reactant of a reaction is obtained from the mole ratio of the reactants in the reaction.

Considering the equation of the reaction of the baking of cake:

2 cups flour + 1 stick butter + 4 eggs + 2 cups sugar + 1 cup milk + 2 tsp. baking powder = 1 cake

The amount of reactants present:

The amount of the reactants available is twice their mole ratio, hence two cakes can be made.

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Answer:

No, the student did not balance the equation correctly

The balanced equation of reaction is:

Explanation:

The law of conservation of mass states that:

What this simply means in relation to chemical equations is that, there must be the same number of moles of atoms of each element on either side of the reaction

Looking at the equation given by the student, we can clearly see that the correct form of the molecules is not written although we have an equal number of moles shown

Thus, we have the balanced equation of reaction as follows:

From the above, we can see the balanced equation of reaction

Organism – Squid

Number of chromosomes after meiosis: 26

Number of chromosomes in the body cells: 52

Number of chromosomes in gametes: 26

Number of chromosomes after mitosis: 52

Organism – Sunflower

Number of chromosomes after meiosis: 19

Number of chromosomes in the body cells: 38

Number of chromosomes in gametes: 19

Number of chromosomes after mitosis: 38

Organism – Pea plant

Number of chromosomes after meiosis: 7

Number of chromosomes in the body cells: 14

Number of chromosomes in gametes: 7

Number of chromosomes after mitosis: 14

Organism – Cow

Number of chromosomes after meiosis: 30

Number of chromosomes in the body cells: 60

Number of chromosomes in gametes: 30

Number of chromosomes after mitosis: 60

Chromosome are made up of genetic material called DNA and it looks like a thread. It is present in the inside of nucleus of a cell.

During meiosis number of chromosomes would be reduced to half whereas in mitosis number of chromosomes remains the same.

The number of chromosomes in body cells is the chromosomal number of an organism and in gametes it would be reduced to half.

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ANSWER

EXPLANATION

Krypton is an example of a noble gas. Noble gases are not reactive because their octet state has been completely filled. Krypton belongs to group 0 or 18.

Since the octet state is completely filled, then the number of electrons at the outermost shell is 8

Therefore, the valence electrons of Krypton is 8

The electronic configuration of the valence electron is written below as

The stronger the acid the easier the H+ ions dissociate in solution of the following statements is true.

The correct option is A.

Because it almost entirely dissociates, HCl is a powerful acid. A weak acid, such as acetic acid (CH₃COOH), on the other hand, does not dissociate easily in water because numerous H+ ions are still locked up inside the molecule. In conclusion, more free H+ ions are liberated into solution with stronger acids.

Strong acids (and bases) are completely dissociated into ions, which is the cause of this. In comparison to weak acids (and bases) of comparable concentrations, they therefore supply more ions for conductivity. An illustration is the complete ionization of a 0.1 M hydrochloric acid solution.

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The complete question is -

Which of the following statements is true?

A-The stronger the acid the easier the H+ ions dissociate in solution.

B-The weaker the acid the easier the H+ ions dissociate in solution.

C-The stronger the base the easier the H+ ions dissociate in solution.

D-The weaker the base the easier the H+ ions dissociate in solution.

The volume of the base, LiOH required to reach the halfway point will be 170.6 mL.

The balanced chemical equation for this reaction will be:

HCOOH +LiOH → HCOOHLi + [tex]H_{2}O[/tex]

It can be observed that,

The mole ratio of HCOOH ([tex]n_{a}[/tex], acid) = 1

The mole ratio of LiOH ([tex]n_{b}[/tex], base) = 1

Volume of acid, HCOOH ([tex]V_{a}[/tex] = 64.0 mL

Molarity of acid, HCOOH ([tex]M_{a}[/tex]) = 0.4 M

Molarity of base, LiOH ([tex]M_{b}[/tex]) = 0.150 M

The volume of a base can be determined by the formula:

Ma×Va / Mb ×Vb = nA / nB.....(i)

Now, put the given data in above formula:

(0.4 × 64) / (0.150 × [tex]V_{b}[/tex]) = 1

25.6 / (0.150 × [tex]V_{b}[/tex]) = 1

By solving it:

0.150 × [tex]V_{b}[/tex] = 25.6

[tex]V_{b}[/tex] = 25.6 / 0.150

[tex]V_{b}[/tex] = 170.6 mL

Therefore, the volume of the LiOH required to reach the halfway point will be 170.6 mL.

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Answer:

Iron 24.03%

Carbon 30.90%

Hydrogen 3.86%

Oxygen 41.20 %

Explanation:

Here, we want to get the percentage composition of the given compound

What this means is that we want to get the percentage composition of each of the elements present in the compound

Firstly, we calculate the molar mass of the given compound

We can calculate the molar mass by adding the atomic masses of the elements and their multiplicities

Mathematically, we have that as:

Now, let us get the percentage compositions

For Iron, we have:

For Carbon, we have:

For Hydrogen, we have:

For Oxygen, we have:

During the electrolysis of the molten lithium chloride, the Lithium ions (Li⁺) at the cathode undergoes reduction, and the electron configuration of lithium becomes 1s²2s¹.

Electrolysis can be described as the process in which the electric current is passed through the chemical compound to break them.  In this process, the atoms and ions are interchanged by the addition or removal of electrons.

The ions are allowed to move freely in this process. When an ionic compound is melted or dissolved in water then ions are produced which can move freely.

During the electrolysis of molten lithium chloride, the lithium ions reach the cathode and accept the electrons while chloride ions reach at anode and loss electrons to become chlorine gas.

At anode :  2 Cl⁻ →    Cl₂ + 2e⁻

At cathode:   2 Li⁺   +   2e⁻  →  Li

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The theoretical yield, in grams, of CO₂ is 93.97g having molar mass 44g

What is molar mass ?

The "counting unit" used by chemists to describe the quantity of atoms, ions, molecules, or formula units in a specific chemical sample is called a mole. The mole is comparable to other counting units you have employed in the past, such as pair (2), dozen (12), and gross (144). Avogadro's number (6.022 x 1023) of molecules (or formula units) make up one mole of a substance (ionic compound). The mass of 1 mole of a chemical is indicated by its molar mass. It provides you with the amount of grammes per mole of a substance, to put it another way. Therefore, grams/mole are the units for molar mass.

2C2H2 + 5O2=====> 4CO2+2H2O

Molar Mass of C2H2 = 2*12+2*2 = 28g = 1 mol

2 mol of C2H2 = 28*2 = 56g

Molar Mass of  CO2 = 12+2*16 = 44g = 1 mol

4 mol of CO2 = 4*44 = 176g

56g of C2H2 gives 176g of CO2

29.9g of C2H2 gives 176*29.9/56g of CO2

                                   = 93.97g of CO2

The theoretical yield, in grams, of CO₂ is 93.97g having molar mass 44g

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The theoretical yield of the gold is 0985 g

Recall that the yield is defined as the mass of the product that is obtained in the reaction. Let us recall that a chemical reaction must involve the interaction of the reactants so as to obtain in a given amount, the products of the particular reaction that is in question.

Now;

Number of moles of the gold (III) oxide  = 1.1134 g/442 g/mol = 2.5 * 10^-3 moles

We can get the number of moles of the hydrogen from the ideal gas equation;

PV = nRT

n = PV/RT

n = 1.000 atm  * 20.0 L/0.082 atm LK-1mol-1 *  800K

n = 0.3 moles

Given that the mole ratio of the reaction is 1 mole of the oxide to three moles of hydrogen;

1 mole of gold (III) oxide reacts with 3 moles of hydrogen

2.5 * 10^-3 moles of gold (III) oxide reacts with 2.5 * 10^-3 moles *  3 moles /1 mole

= 7.5 * 10^-3 mole of hydrogen

Hence the hydrogen is present in excess.

The theoretical yield =

1 mole of the oxide produced 2 moles of the gold

2.5 * 10^-3 moles of the oxide produced 2.5 * 10^-3 moles * 2 moles/1 mole

= 5 * 10^-3 moles of gold

Theoretical yield = 5 * 10^-3 moles of gold * 197 g/mol

= 0985 g

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The molar mass of oxygen gas (O2) is 32.00 g/mol.

The molar mass of C3H8 is 44.1 g/mol.

This kind of reaction is a combustion:

C3H8 + 5O2 → 3CO2 + 4H2O (In a combustion we obtain CO2 and H2O. Don't forget to balance this equation)

Procedure:

Let's use stoichiometry to solve this

44.1 g C3H8 --------- 5 x 32.00 g O2

0.025 g C3H8 --------- X

X = 0.091 g O2

Answer: mass of O2 required = 0.091 g

Answer:

2. Pressure

4. Number of particles.

Explanation:

If we drop a boiled egg into a container with a smaller mouth than the egg, we can note a change in the pressure inside the container, because initially, we have the atmospheric pressure inside the container but the egg will impose a different pressure inside; and the number of particles will be affected too because we suppose that the container is exchanging particles with the ambient so we wouldn't have an exact amount of particles in the container because of this exchange dynamic, so if the egg is covering the mouth of the container, the number of particles would be constant.

The answers would be 2. Pressure and 4. Number of particles.

Answer:

NaOH

Explanation:

Sodium hydroxide is a proton acceptor. Metal hydroxides are almost always bases. H₂O is water and is neutral. Sodium is a positively charged metallic ion. Hydroxide is a negatively charged ion.

Answer:

m = 506 grams of fluorine

Explanation:

Given:

M = 19·10⁻³ kg / mol - molar mass of fluorine

V = 543.2 mL = 543.2·10⁻³ m³

p = 123456 Pa

t = 29.8°C

_____________________

m - ?

Temperature in degrees Kelvin:

T = 273.15 + t = 273.15 + 29.8 =  302.95 K

Clapeyron-Mendeleev law:

p·V = (m/M)·R·T

Mass of fluorine:

m = p·V·M / (R·T)

m = 123456·543.2·10⁻³·19·10⁻³ / (8,31·302.95) ≈ 0.506 kg  

or m = 506 g

4.95 is the number of molecules in 500m cube of Oxygen at room temperature and pressure

we have got data

pressure=1atm

temperature=298 k

volume=500 m^3

gas constant, R=8.31

now, by applying ideal gas equation

PV=nRT

1×500=n×8.31×298

n=2476.38/500

n=4.95

It is the lowest part of the material and has chemical elemental properties. Atoms do not independently exist; rather, they combine to form ions and molecules, which then combine to form the material that we can see, feel, and touch.

Molecules are made up of one or more atoms connected by covalent (chemical) connections. Atoms can be visualized as circles with a nucleus in the center (made up of protons and neutrons) and one or more concentric circles around it that indicate the "shells" or "levels" in which the electrons surrounding the atom's nucleus are located, as well as markings that identify the electron. each level

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The strength is a measure of the degree of ionization of a substance in an aqueous solution.

Some substances are strong and they dissociate completely (this is the case of hydrochloric acid, HCl, in water), some are weak and they do not dissociate completely (like acetic acid, CH3COOH).

The concentration is a measure of the amount of the substance in a solution and it is usually explessed in moles or percentage. It is a ratio of the substance to the solvent. A concentrated solution is a solution with a high percentage of the substance (solute) in the solution, and a dilute one is a solution with a low percentage of solute.

Firstly we will determine the average or the mean of the objects density:

Now we will calculate the deviation. The deviation is how much is trial is different from the average. We take the absolute value so the answers can be positive:

We will determine the average of the deviation:

To determine the percent deviation we:

Answer: The percent deviation from the mean is 3.24%,

2H2(g) +O2(g) → 2H2O(g)

Mass = 5 g : :

Moles = 4.96 : : 4.96

1.1 number of moles for hydrogen :

moles = mass /Molecular mass

= 5g/1,00784

=4.96 moles

1.2 Determine molar ratio in oder to get the moles for product 2H2O

we see that :

2 moles of Hydrogen produces: 2 moles of water

so, 4.96 moles of hydrogen will produce : x = 4.96*2 /2 = 4.96

This means that moles for water = 4.96

n = 4.96moles

Molecules of H2O = 4.96 mol * 6.022×10^23molecules/1mol

=2.99x10^24 molecules

Ions can travel directly from the cytoplasm of one animal cell to the cytoplasm of an adjacent cell through  gap junctions.

Cytoplasm is the gelatinous liquid that fills the inside of a cell.

The cytoplasm is composed of water, salts, and various organic molecules. Some intracellular organelles, such the nucleus and mitochondria, are enclosed by membranes that separate them from the cytoplasm.

The cytoplasm has the following functions :

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The number of grams of calcium fluoride in 1.5 moles of calcium fluoride is 88.5grams.

The mass of a substance or compound can be calculated by multiplying the number of moles of the substance by its molar mass as follows:

mass = no of moles × molar mass

According to this question, there are 1.5 moles of calcium fluoride (CaF). The molar mass of calcium fluoride can be calculated as follows:

CaF = 40g/mol + 19g/mol = 59g/mol

mass = 59g/mol × 1.5mol

mass = 88.5grams.

Therefore, 88.5grams of calcium fluoride is present in 1.5 moles of the compound.

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The statement the chemical makeup of the universe has changed dramatically provides evidence that supports the Big Bang Theory (Option D).

The Big Bang Theory is a widely accepted theory in physics that states all the universe began with a huge explosion and form then matters expanded in space at the same time that it is cooling.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that the Big Bang Theory states that the chemical composition of the universe associated with hydrogen and helium modified since this explosion.

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Answer:

d

Explanation:

The pH of the solution is calculated as 7.2.

Let us recall that we can make us of the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation

to obtain the pH of the solution if we would follow the steps that have been itemized below.

Number of moles of the acid = 500/1000 L * 0.20 M = 0.1 moles

Number of moles of salt =  500/1000 L * 0.1 M = 0.05 moles

Total volume of the solution = 500 mL + 500 mL = 1000 mL or 1L

Now;

Molarity of the acid = 0.1 moles/1 L = 0.1 mol L-1

Molarity of the salt = 0.05 moles/1 L = 0.05 molL-1

Then we apply the equation;

pH = pKa + log[(A-)/(HA)]

pKa = - log (Ka) = - log(3.2 × 10^–8) = 7.5

Thus we have;

pH = 7.5 + log (0.05/0.1)

pH = 7.5 - 0.3

pH = 7.2

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Except for NACLE, the is made up of ionic compounds. Carbon disulfide bonds are not ionic due to their weak and trivial polarity. Carbon disulfide bonds are covalent due to the small difference in electronegativities of carbon and sulfur.

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Because tri means 3, there are 3 silicon atoms, and tetra means 4, so there will be 4 nitrogen atoms, the answer is: