Addition of sodium carbonate is a way to soften water by removing calcium ions
How calcium ions are removed?Water can be softened by the addition of lime to precipitate the calcium as carbonate. Sodium carbonate is also added to remove the remaining calcium salts and to make the water soft.
So we can conclude that addition of lime or sodium carbonate is a way to soften water by removing calcium ions.
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A process based on ksp experiment to soften the water by removing calcium ions is by ion exchange resin process in which the calcium ion is substituted by a sodium ion.
What is removing calcium ions from water?The water containing a large number of calcium ions is called hard water.
Hard water is not suitable to use.
To remove calcium ion or soften the water, there are various methods are used.
They are ion exchange resin, distillation, and sodium hydroxide.
Thus, a process based on ksp experiment to soften the water by removing calcium ions is by ion exchange resin process in which the calcium ion is substituted by a sodium ion.
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Given that delta.g for the reaction below is –957.9 kj, what is delta.gf of h2o? 4nh3(g) 5o2(g) right arrow. 4no(g) 6h2o(g) delta.gf,nh3 = -16.66 kj/mol delta.gf,no = 86.71 kj/mol –228.6 kj/mol –206.4 kj/mol 46.7 kj/mol 90.7 kj/mol
The valur of energy of formation ΔGf of H₂O is -228.6 kJ/mol.
How we calculate ΔG ?ΔG of any reaction will be calculated as:
ΔG = Sum of ΔG of products - Sum of ΔG of reactants
Given chemical reaction is:
4NH₃(g) + 5O₂(g) → 4NO(g) + 6H₂O(g)
For this reaction, ΔG will be calculated as:
ΔG = [ΔGf 4(NO) + ΔGf 6(H₂O)] - [ΔGf 4(NH₃) + ΔGf 5(O₂)]
Given that:
ΔG = -957.9 kJ
ΔGf of NH₃ = -16.66 kJ/mol
ΔGf of NO = 86.71 kJ/mol
ΔGf of O₂ = 0 (because it is present in elemental form)
ΔGf of H₂O = let x (to find)
On putting all these values on the above equation, we get
-957.9 = [4(86.71) + 6(x)] - [4(-16.66) + 5(0)]
-957.9 = 346.84 + 6x + 66.64
6x = -957.9 - 346.84 - 66.64
6x = -1,371.38
x = -228.56 = -228.6 kJ/mol
Hence, correct option is (1) i.e. -228.6 kJ/mol.
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Answer:
A) -228.6 kJ/mol
Explanation:
EDGE 2022
Determine the product(s) formed when cyclohexene is treated with the following reagents
Explanation:
Big C carbon surrounded by He helium
Br2(g) cl2(g)⇌2brcl(g) δh∘f for brcl(g) is 14. 6 kj/mol. Δs∘f for brcl(g) is 240. 0 j/mol
The Change in Gibb's free energy, ΔG for the reaction at 298K is; -56.92KJ.
Gibb's free energy of reactionsIt follows from the Gibb's free energy formula as expressed in terms of Enthalpy and Entropy that;
ΔG = ΔH - TΔSOn this note, it follows that;
ΔG = 14.6 - (298× 0.24)Hence, the Gibb's free energy for the reaction is;
ΔG = 14.6 - 71.52ΔG = -56.92KJRemarks: The question requires that we determine the Gibb's free energy for the reaction at 298K.
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The Gibbs free energy for the reaction Br²(g) Cl²(g)⇌2BrCl(g) is -56.92 KJ.
What is Gibbs Free energy?It's the total work done in a closed thermodynamic system.
By the formula of Gibbs free energy
[tex]\rm \Delta G = \Delta H - T \Delta S[/tex]
The H is 14.6 KJ/mol
The change in temperature is 0.24
Putting the values in the equation
[tex]\Delta G = 14.6 - (298 \times 0.24)\\\\ \Delta G = 14.6 - 71.52\\\\ \Delta G = -56.92KJ[/tex]
Thus, the Gibbs free energy for the reaction is -56.92 KJ
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If 25 milliliter of 0. 80 m hcl is used to completely neutralize 40. Milliliters of naoh solution, what is the molarity of the base?
If 25 milliliter of 0. 80M HCl is used to completely neutralize 40. milliliters of NaOH solution, the molarity of the base is 0.5M.
How to calculate molarity?The molarity of a solution can be calculated using the following expression:
M1V1 = M2V2
Where;
M1 = molarity of acidM2 = molarity of baseV1 = volume of acidV2 = volume of base25 × 0.80 = 40 × M2
20 = 40M2
M2 = 20/40
M2 = 0.5M
Therefore, if 25 milliliter of 0. 80M HCl is used to completely neutralize 40. milliliters of NaOH solution, the molarity of the base is 0.5M.
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The use of evaporation and condensation to separate the partsof a mixture is called _____
Answer: Evaporation Condensation is used to seperate the parts of a mixture
Explanation: This is because it is the first order of the distilation process
The use of evaporation and condensation to separate the parts of a mixture is called distillation.
What is distillation?
Separating salt water to produce pure water and salt is an example of a simple distillation mixture.
The water begins to evaporate during the distillation process, and the vapor cools down to form pure water.
A second container is used to collect the pure water.
Thus, the use of evaporation and condensation to separate the parts of a mixture is called distillation.
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Draw the structure of the major nitration product from the reaction of nitric acid with 1,3‑dimethylbenzene. Show all formal charges
The 2,4 and 5 positions are accessible for nitration of 1,3‑dimethylbenzene. The final product is shown in the image attached.
What is nitration?Nitration is a type of reaction in which the nitro group (-NO2) is introduced to an aromatic ring. We have to note that in the compound 1,3‑dimethylbenzene, the 2,4 and 5 positions are accessible for nitration as shown.
Hence, the nitration of 1,3‑dimethylbenzene occurs as shown in the image attached with the compound shown being the major product.
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The structure of the major nitration product from the reaction of nitric acid with 1,3‑dimethylbenzene is shown in attached image.
What is nitration?Nitration is a process in which addition of nitro group (-NO₂) is taking place on the substrate molecule.
In the given question 1,3‑dimethylbenzene is the susbtarte in which nitration will be done in the presence of sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄) and nitric acid (HNO₃). Methyl groups which are present in the substrate molecule will behave as an ortho para directing groups as they are electron donating groups. So the major product obtained in the reaction is shown below in image.
Hence the structure of major nitration product is shown below in image.
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The reaction between alcohols and carboxylic acids is called
Explanation:
When a carboxylic acid is treated with an alcohol and an acid catalyst, an ester is formed (along with water). This reaction is called the Fischer esterification.
The reaction between alcohols and carboxylic acids is called Fischer esterification.
What is Fischer esterification?Fischer Esterification is an organic reaction that produces an ester by converting carboxylic acids in the presence of excess alcohol and a strong acid catalyst.
This ester is created in the presence of water.
Thus, the reaction between alcohols and carboxylic acids is called Fischer esterification.
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When a 21.1 mL sample of a 0.321 M aqueous hydrofluoric acid solution is titrated with a 0.309 M aqueous barium hydroxide solution, what is the pH at the midpoint in the titration?
Answer:
formula of concentration ion.
At what number carbon does the phosphate group connect to the sugar?.
The phosphate group attached to the 5' carbon of the sugar on one nucleotide forms an ester bond with the free hydroxyl on the 3' carbon of the next nucleotide.
A 60-g sample of radioactive isotope is measured after two half-lives have passed. What pair of percentages describes the sample after two half-lives?.
Answer:
25% is left 15 gm
Explanation:
(1/2)^2 = 25%
Answer:
b. 25% unchanged and 75% stable
Explanation:
got it right on edge
Periodic Table: Why are group 1A elements called alkali metals?
Answer:
Explanation:
The elements in Group I of the periodic table are called alkali metals. They are called alkali metals because they react with water to form alkali solutions. These metals are very reactive; hence they have to be stored under oil to protect them from corrosion by air and waterwaterwater
The group 1A elements, called alkali metals because they form alkalies on reacting with water. Alkalies are strong bases.
What are the alkali metals?They are the metals that are soft, lustrous, and have a low melting point. Air and moisture react readily with alkali metals.
Special precautions must be taken when using and storing these metals due to their reactivity.
The seven alkali metals are lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), and francium (Fr).
Thus, the group 1A elements, called alkali metals because they form alkalies on reacting with water. Alkalies are strong bases.
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is the soda ginger ale(canada dry) a weak acid or a strong acid? why
Answer:
Ginger ale is a strong acid
Explanation:
This is because of the high amounts of carbonic acid that it contains, putting it below the 4.6 Ph threshold.
Which of the following statements is true?
1. The molar mass of Oz is 48 g/mol
2. A 100-gram sample contains at least 2 moles of Oz
3. 48 grams of O3 contains 6. 02 x 1023 molecules of Oz
The molar mass of Oz is 48 g/mol is true.
What is the molar mass of a substance?Molar mass of a substance is the mass of 1 mole of that substance or it is the number of grams per mole of a substance. The units for molar mass is grams/mole.
Therefore,The molar mass of Oz is 48 g/mol is correct because ozone have three oxygen and the molar mass of one oxygen is 16g/mol.
Ozone= 16×3
Ozone=48g/mol.
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Which of the following statements about minerals and ores is true?
Answer:
please give a photo I can't now to help u
Answer:
they have a crystalline structure is the correct answer <3
Explanation:
What does it mean a solution is a weak base"? What about a "Strong base"? Give logical pH values for each
Answer:
A weak base is a base that, upon dissolution in water, does not dissociate completely, so that the resulting aqueous solution contains only a small proportion of hydroxide ions. PH 7-10
A strong base is a base that is completely dissociated in an aqueous solution. a PH of about 12-14
Calculate the volume of 1.5 M nitric acid required to neutralize 30.0 mL of 7.0 M sodium
hydroxide.
HNO3 (aq) + NaOH (aq) → H2O (l) + NaNO3 (aq)
Answer:
0.14 liters nitric acid
Explanation:
Molarity = moles / liter
7.0 M = x / 0.03 L
= 0.21 moles NaOH
0.21 moles NaOH x ( 1 mole HNO3 / 1 mole NaOH) = 0.21 moles HNO3
Molarity = moles / liter
1.5 M = 0.21 moles / x
x = 0.21 moles / 1.5 M
x = 0.14 Liters HNO3
Answer:
[tex]140mL[/tex]
Explanation:
[tex]M_1V_1=M_2V_2[/tex]
[tex]M_1=1.5M[/tex] molarity of nitric acid
[tex]V_1=?[/tex] volume of nitric acid
[tex]M_2=7.0M[/tex] molarity of sodium hydroxide
[tex]V_2=30.0mL[/tex] volume of sodium hydroxide
[tex](1.5M)(V_1)=(7.0M)(30.0mL)[/tex]
[tex]V_1 =\frac{(7.0M)(30.0mL)}{1.5M}=140mL[/tex]
Hope this helps whoever needs it :)
Have a good day!!!
HELLO MAY I GET HELP AGAIN?
Answer:
( c ) sunlight.
Explanation:
the leaves are closer to the sunlight they require.
A chemistry teacher adds 50. 0 mL of 1. 50 M H2SO4 solution to 200 mL of water. What is the concentration of the final solution? Use M subscript i V subscript i equals M subscript f V subscript f. 0. 300 M 0. 375 M 6. 00 M 7. 50 M.
The concentration of the final solution after mixing water into the H₂SO₄ is 0.375 M.
How do we calculate the concentration?Concentration in terms of molarity will be calculated by using the below formula as:
M₁V₁ = M₂V₂, where
M₁ = molarity of H₂SO₄ = 1.50 M
V₁ = volume of H₂SO₄ = 50 mL
M₂ = molarity of water = ?
V₂ = volume of water = 200 mL
On putting all values on the above equation, we get
M₂ = (1.50)(50) / (200) = 0.375 M
Hence option (2) is correct.
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I have my last 3 electrons on the third energy level.
Answer:
an energy level represents the three dimensional space surrounding nucleus where electrons are most likely to be.
Explanation:
What is the difference between sulphur and sulphur molecules
Explain ferromagnetism. Include what is happening to the electron in the atoms
In Ferromagnetism, materials are changed into permanent magnets.
What is Ferromagnetism?Ferromagnetism is a process in which specific materials are turned into permanent magnets. The spins of electrons are shifted and electrons become more aligned and sequence with the direction of the field.
So we can conclude that in Ferromagnetism, materials are changed into permanent magnets.
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Mercury(ii) oxide (hgo) decomposes to form mercury (hg) and oxygen (o2). the balanced chemical equation is shown below. 2hgo right arrow. 2hg o2 the molar mass of o2 is 32.00 g/mol. how many moles of hgo are needed to produce 250.0 g of o2? 3.906 moles 7.813 moles 15.63 moles 73.87 moles
Decomposition reaction results in the formation of the products by splitting the reactants. Moles of mercury(ii) oxide needed are 15.63 moles.
What are moles?Moles are the ratio of mass and the molar mass of the compound or the molecule.
Moles of oxygen are calculated as:
[tex]\begin{aligned}\rm n &= \rm \dfrac {mass}{molar\; mass}\\\\&= \dfrac{250}{32}\\\\&= 7.8125 \;\rm moles\end{aligned}[/tex]
The balanced chemical reaction can be shown as,
[tex]\rm 2HgO \rightarrow 2Hg + O_{2}[/tex]
From the reaction, it can be said that 1 mole of oxygen requires 2 moles of mercury oxide.
Moles of mercury oxide are calculated as:
[tex]\begin{aligned} \rm n HgO& = (7.8125 \;\rm moles \; O_{2}) \times (\dfrac{2 \;\rm moles\; HgO}{1 \;\rm mole \; O_{2}})\\\\\rm n HgO &= 15.625 \;\rm moles \end{aligned}[/tex]
Therefore, option C. 15.63 moles of mercury (II) oxide is needed.
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Which location represents a period on a periodic table?.
How many grams of nicl2∙6h2o will be used to prepare a 0. 0350 m, 500. 0 ml of nicl2 solution?
The mass of NiCl₂•6HO₂ needed to prepare a 0.035 M 500 mL solution of NiCl₂•6HO₂ is 4.165 g
What is molarity?This is defined as the mole of solute per unit litre of solution. Mathematically, it can be expressed as:
Molarity = mole / Volume
How to determine the mole of NiCl₂•6HO₂Molarity = 0.035 MVolume = 500 mL = 500 / 1000 = 0.5 L Mole of NiCl₂•6HO₂ =?Mole = Molarity × Volume
Mole of NiCl₂•6HO₂ = 0.035 × 0.5
Mole of NiCl₂•6HO₂ = 0.0175 mole
How to determine the mass of NiCl₂•6HO₂Mole of NiCl₂•6HO₂ = 0.0175 moleMolar mass of NiCl₂•6HO₂ = 238 g/mol Mass of NiCl₂•6HO₂ =?Mass = mole × molar mass
Mass of NiCl₂•6HO₂ = 0.0175 × 238
Mass of NiCl₂•6HO₂ = 4.165 g
Thus, 4.165 g of NiCl₂•6HO₂ is needed to prepare the solution
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The grams of NiCl₂.6H₂O will be used to prepare a 0.0350M, 500ml of NiCl₂ solution is 2.268 grams.
How do we calculate grams from moles?Mass in grams of any substance will be calculated by using moles as:
n = W/M, where
W = given mass
M = molar mass
Moles from molarity will be calculated by using the below formula:
M = n/V, where
M = molarity of NiCl₂ solution = 0.0350M
V = volume of solution = 500mL = 0.5L
On putting values, we get
n = (0.035)(0.5) = 0.0175 mol
Now we convert these moles into grams by using the first formula as:
W = (0.0175mol)(129.6g/mol) = 2.268g
Hence required mass of NiCl₂.6H₂O is 2.268g.
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Green gram defination
For grade 7
a leguminous plant, Phaseolus aureus, whose seeds are used as food in India.
Answer:
Green Gram is a small round edible green bean which is also known as moong ki daal in the subcontinent.
Explanation:
The green gram bean which is also known as the mung, maash or moong, is a plant species in the legume family. The green gram bean is mainly cultivated in East, Southeast and South Asia. It is used as an ingredient in both savoury and sweet dishes.
During Taylor's experiment, which piece of data would be qualitative?
mass of the cars
degree of the ramp incline
time in seconds
none are qualitative
From the available options with respect to Taylor's experiment, none of the data is qualitative.
Qualitative dataThese are data that cannot be measured using any instrument or assigned a numerical value.
Qualitative data are observable data based on perception.
This is unlike quantitative data that can be measured using relevant instruments and assigned numeric figures.
Mass can be measured in grams using a weighing balance, angle of inclination can be measured using relevant instruments, and time can be measured using a stopwatch.
Thus, none of the options is qualitative.
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Answer:
None are Qualitative
Explanation: I took the test and got a 100%
Which equation shows conservation of both mass and charge?
(1) Cl2 + Br→ Cl- + Br,
(2) Cu + 2 Agt → Cu2+ + Ag
(3) Zn + Cr3+ → Zn2+ + Cr
(4) Ni + Pb2+ → Ni2+ + Pb
The equation that shows conservation of both mass and charge is:
(4) Ni + Pb²⁺ → Ni²⁺ + Pb
What do conservation of mass and conservation of charge stand for?Conservation of mass: there is the same mass, i.e. same number of atoms, in the reactants and in the products.Conservation of charge: there is the same electrical charge in the reactants and in the products.Which equation shows conservation of both mass and charge?
(1) Cl₂ + Br → Cl⁻ + Br
No, the equation does not show conservation of mass nor charge.
(2) Cu + 2 Ag⁺ → Cu²⁺ + Ag
No, the equation does not show conservation of mass.
(3) Zn + Cr³⁺ → Zn²⁺ + Cr
No, the equation does not show conservation of charge.
(4) Ni + Pb²⁺ → Ni²⁺ + Pb
Yes, the equation show conservation of mass and charge.
The equation that shows conservation of both mass and charge is:
(4) Ni + Pb²⁺ → Ni²⁺ + Pb
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ASAP HELP
The troposphere revives most of its heat energy from the blank
The volume of a certain gas is 29.3 liters at STP. what would the volume of the same gas at 1.39 atmospheres and -23.0℃?
A. 23 L
B. 37.3 L
C. 19.3 L
D. 22.4 L
Option C) 19.3L is the correct answer.
Hence, the final volume of the gas at the standard atmospheres and temperature is 19.3L.
Given the data in the question;
Initial volume of gas; [tex]V_1 = 29.3L[/tex]At Standard temperature and pressure( STP)
Initial temperature; [tex]T_1 = 273.15K[/tex]Initial pressure; [tex]P_1 = 1.00atm[/tex]Then
Final pressure; [tex]P_2 = 1.39atm[/tex]Final temperature; [tex]T_2 = -23.0^0C = 250.15K[/tex]Final Volume; [tex]V_2 = \ ?[/tex]
Combined gas lawCombined gas law combines both Boyle's Law, Charles's Law, and Gay-Lussac's Law. It states that the ratio of the product of volume and pressure and the absolute temperature of a gas is equal to a constant.
It is expressed as;
[tex]\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1} = \frac{P_2V_2}{T_2}[/tex]
To determine the new volume of the gas, we substitute our values into the expression above.
[tex]\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1} = \frac{P_2V_2}{T_2}\\\\P_1V_1T_2 = P_2V_2T_1\\\\1.00atm * 29.3L * 250.15K = 1.39atm * V_2 * 273.15K\\\\7329.395atm.L.K = 379.6785atm.K * V_2\\\\V_2 = \frac{7329.395atm.L.K}{379.6785atm.K} \\\\V_2 = 19.3L[/tex]
Option C) 19.3L is the correct answer.
Hence, the final volume of the gas at the standard atmospheres and temperature is
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Why are flood plains desirable farm land in spite of the fact that they are prone to flooding?.
Flood plains are desirable farm land in spite of the fact that they are prone to flooding because of its high fertility.
Why are floodplains desirable farm land?Floodplains are very fertile agricultural areas because the floods carry nutrient-rich silt and sediment and deposited it that plains. Floodplains are flat which make easier farming.
So we can conclude that flood plains are desirable farm land because of its high fertility.
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