A. Static-Budget-Based Variance Analysis:
Units sold variance: The actual units sold were 2,000, which is 1,000 units (3,000 - 2,000) less than the static budget. This indicates an unfavorable variance.
The company sold fewer checkbooks than planned, which resulted in lower revenue than expected.
The unfavorable units sold variance suggests that the company needs to investigate the reasons for the lower sales volume and take appropriate actions to improve performance.
Revenue variance: The actual revenue was $8,000 (36,000 - 28,000) less than the static budget. This indicates an unfavorable variance.
The lower units sold and a lower selling price per book contributed to the decrease in revenue compared to the static budget.
The unfavorable revenue variance highlights the need to assess the factors contributing to lower revenue and develop strategies to increase sales and/or improve pricing.
Variable costs variance: The actual variable costs were $7,000 (8,000 - 15,000) higher than the static budget. This indicates an unfavorable variance.
The increase in variable costs per book led to higher overall variable costs, impacting the contribution margin negatively.
The unfavorable variable costs variance suggests that the company should review its cost structure and identify ways to reduce variable costs per book to improve profitability.
Fixed costs variance: The actual fixed costs were $5,000 (15,000 - 10,000) higher than the static budget. This indicates an unfavorable variance.
The increase in fixed costs suggests that the company incurred higher expenses than initially planned for the month.
The unfavorable fixed costs variance implies the need to analyze and control fixed costs more effectively to achieve better cost management.
B. Flexible-Budget-Based Variance Analysis:
Units sold variance: The flexible-budget units sold were 3,000, which is 1,000 units (2,000 - 3,000) less than the actual units sold. This indicates a favorable variance.
Explanation: The company sold fewer checkbooks than expected, resulting in a lower contribution margin compared to the flexible budget.
The favorable units sold variance indicates that the company performed better than anticipated in terms of units sold. However, further investigation is needed to identify the reasons behind the lower sales volume.
Revenue variance: The flexible-budget revenue was $14,000 (50,000 - 36,000) higher than the actual revenue. This indicates a favorable variance.
The higher selling price per book in the flexible budget contributed to the increase in revenue compared to the actual results.
The favorable revenue variance suggests that the company generated more revenue than expected. This could be due to a higher selling price per book, but further analysis is required to determine the underlying causes.
Variable costs variance: The flexible-budget variable costs were $17,000 (25,000 - 8,000) higher than the actual variable costs. This indicates an unfavorable variance.
The higher variable costs per book in the flexible budget resulted in higher overall variable costs compared to the actual results.
The unfavorable variable costs variance indicates that the company incurred higher variable costs than anticipated. Evaluating the factors contributing to the increase can help identify areas for cost reduction.
Fixed costs variance: The flexible-budget fixed costs were $5,000 (10,000 - 15,000) lower than the actual fixed costs. This indicates a favorable variance. The lower fixed costs in the flexible budget contributed to a reduction in overall fixed costs compared to the actual results.
The favorable fixed costs variance suggests that the company managed to lower its fixed costs. Further analysis is necessary to determine how this cost reduction was achieved
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A disruptive market change due to freer international trade, just like with new technology, creates tradeoffs in society. Select the two correct examples of this below. a)imports and exports are disrupted by a hurricane on the East Coast b)new jobs are created in an innovative product niche, whereas jobs are lost in outdated areas c)jobs are lost due to US companies relocating abroad to lower costs of production d)foreign companies are dumping low-priced goods on the US markets
The two correct examples of tradeoffs resulting from a disruptive market change due to freer international trade are: b) new jobs being created in an innovative product niche while jobs are lost in outdated areas, and c) jobs being lost due to US companies relocating abroad to lower production costs.
Option b) new jobs being created in an innovative product niche while jobs are lost in outdated areas is a tradeoff that occurs with disruptive market changes. When new technologies or innovative products emerge, they can create opportunities for employment in new industries or sectors. However, this often comes at the expense of jobs in traditional or outdated areas that may become less relevant or competitive.
Option c) jobs being lost due to US companies relocating abroad to lower production costs is another tradeoff resulting from freer international trade. Globalization and increased trade openness can lead to companies seeking cost advantages by moving their production facilities to countries with lower labor costs or favorable business environments. While this can benefit the companies in terms of cost savings, it can lead to job losses in the home country as manufacturing or service activities are shifted overseas.
Therefore, options b) and c) are the correct examples as they illustrate the tradeoffs that can arise from disruptive market changes and increased international trade.
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.Which of the following consists of wages earned from work, plus dividends and interest on investments along with rents and royalties?
A. wages
B. investments
C. wealth
D. profits
E. income
Income consists of wages earned from work, dividends and interest on investments, rents, and royalties. It represents the total amount of money or earnings received by an individual or entity from various sources.
The correct answer is E. income.
Income refers to the money or financial gain earned by an individual or entity through various sources such as employment, investments, business activities, or other sources. It is the total amount of money received during a specific period, typically measured on a monthly, annual, or periodic basis.
Income can be derived from different sources, including:
Wages and Salaries: Income earned through employment or work, typically in the form of regular paychecks or salaries.
Business Profits: Income generated from owning and operating a business, after deducting expenses and costs.
Investments: Income received from investment activities, such as dividends from stocks, interest from bonds or savings accounts, capital gains from the sale of assets, or rental income from real estate properties.
Rental Income: Income received from renting out properties or assets, such as real estate properties, vehicles, or equipment.
Royalties: Income earned from the use of intellectual property or creative works, such as patents, copyrights, trademarks, or royalties from books, music, or films.
Government Benefits: Income received from government programs or assistance, such as social security benefits, unemployment benefits, pensions, or welfare.
Other Sources: Income can also come from other sources like alimony, child support, gambling winnings, or any other legal means.
It's important to note that income can be subject to various taxes, deductions, and regulations depending on the jurisdiction and specific circumstances of the individual or entity.
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In 2018, Kimberly-Clark reported inventory of $1.79 billion and annual sales of $18.486 billion. Assume 365 days per year and round your answer to one decimal place. What were the days of supply for Kimberly-Clark? days
Previous question
The days of supply for Kimberly-Clark can be calculated using the formula: Days of Supply = (Inventory / Cost of Goods Sold) * Number of Days in a Year.
To calculate the days of supply for Kimberly-Clark, we need to divide the inventory by the cost of goods sold and then multiply the result by the number of days in a year. In this case, the inventory is given as $1.79 billion and the annual sales (cost of goods sold) is $18.486 billion. We can calculate the days of supply as follows:
Days of Supply = (Inventory / Cost of Goods Sold) * Number of Days in a Year
Days of Supply = ($1.79 billion / $18.486 billion) * 365
Days of Supply ≈ 35.1 days
Therefore, the days of supply for Kimberly-Clark is approximately 35.1 days. This means that based on their inventory and annual sales, Kimberly-Clark has enough inventory to cover approximately 35.1 days of sales. It is a measure used to assess the efficiency of inventory management and the ability of a company to meet customer demand without excessive inventory buildup or stockouts.
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single-period problem is to answer the question of how much to order when an item is purchased only one time and it is expected that it will be used and then not reordered. true or false
True. The single-period problem is a common inventory management problem where a company must decide how much to order of a product that will not be restocked once it is sold.
The decision is typically based on factors such as the product's demand, its price, and the cost of holding excess inventory. Since the product is not expected to be reordered, the decision must be made carefully to ensure that enough stock is ordered to meet demand but not so much that the company is left with excess inventory. Accurately predicting demand is key to successfully managing the single-period problem.
To solve this problem, one must consider factors like demand, holding cost, and stockout cost to find the optimal order quantity that balances risk and cost.
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An analyst estimated that stock A will have an expected return of 17.7% next year. He also estimated that the standard deviation of this stock will be 19.3% next year. Assuming that the risk-free rate is 2.8%, the Sharpe Ratio of stock A must be __
The Sharpe Ratio of stock A, assuming risk free rate of 2.8% will be 0.772.
The Sharpe Ratio is a measure of the risk-adjusted return of an investment. It is calculated by subtracting the risk-free rate from the expected return of the investment and then dividing it by the standard deviation of the investment. To calculate the Sharpe Ratio of stock A, we can use the following formula:
Sharpe Ratio = (Expected Return - Risk-Free Rate) / Standard Deviation
Given the information provided:
Expected Return = 17.7%
Risk-Free Rate = 2.8%
Standard Deviation = 19.3%
Substituting these values into the formula, we get:
Sharpe Ratio = (0.177 - 0.028) / 0.193
Sharpe Ratio = 0.149 / 0.193
Sharpe Ratio ≈ 0.772
Therefore, the Sharpe Ratio of stock A is approximately 0.772.
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how did education generally affect the use of electronic payments
Education has played a significant role in the adoption and use of electronic payments. As people become more educated, they tend to be more open to new technologies and are more likely to adopt them in their daily lives.
In addition, education has enabled people to understand the benefits of electronic payments such as convenience, security, and speed. With the rise of e-commerce, it has become essential for people to have basic knowledge of electronic payments to conduct transactions online. Educational institutions have also played a role in promoting the use of electronic payments by incorporating payment systems into their operations, such as accepting electronic payments for tuition fees. Furthermore, financial literacy programs have been developed to educate people on electronic payments and how to use them safely and effectively. In summary, education has been a critical factor in the widespread adoption and use of electronic payments.
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How does crowdsourcing enable managers to expand their talent pool? o Amateurs work together in an online environment to solve a problem. o It is routinely used during the hiring process. o Experts in the field provide their insight into the problem at hand. o They hire experts in several fields to help run the company.
Crowdsourcing enables managers to expand their talent pool by allowing amateurs and experts to collaborate online to solve problems.
Crowdsourcing involves harnessing the collective intelligence and skills of a diverse group of individuals, both amateurs and experts, through online platforms. By leveraging the power of crowds, managers can tap into a wider range of perspectives, knowledge, and expertise beyond their immediate team or organization. Amateurs and experts can contribute their insights, ideas, and solutions to address specific challenges or projects. This expands the talent pool available to managers, providing access to a diverse range of skills and perspectives to tackle complex problems and drive innovation.
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Stores that provide moderate sales assistance because they carry shopping goods about whichcustomers need a moderate level of information are called ________ retailers.A) self-serviceB) full-serviceC) off-priceD) limited-serviceE) convenience
Option (d), The stores that provide moderate sales assistance, because they carry shopping goods about which customers need a moderate level of information, are called limited-service retailers.
Limited-service retailers are a type of retail store that offers a moderate level of sales assistance to customers. They usually carry shopping goods that are not too complex and do not require extensive knowledge or expertise to purchase. Limited-service retailers are different from full-service retailers, which offer a high level of sales assistance and personalized service, and self-service retailers, which require customers to find and purchase items on their own without any sales assistance.
Limited-service retailers typically provide some level of assistance to customers, such as answering questions about product features, providing basic recommendations, or assisting with checkout. They may also offer some basic services, such as gift wrapping or product assembly. However, they do not provide the same level of in-depth expertise and personalized service as full-service retailers.
Examples of limited-service retailers include discount stores, department stores, and some specialty stores. These retailers typically offer moderate sales assistance because their customers may need some information about the products they are purchasing, but do not require extensive assistance or guidance.
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at the beginning of april, indiana corporation's assets totaled $240,000 and liabilities totaled $70,000. during april the following summarized transactions occurred: additional shares of stock were sold for $30,000 cash. a delivery truck costing $95,000 was purchased using $30,000 cash and by signing an $65,000 long- term note payable . rent was prepaid costing $10,000. how much are total liabilities at the end of april?
To calculate the total liabilities at the end of April, we need to consider the transactions that occurred during the month.
Additional shares of stock were sold for $30,000 cash: This transaction does not affect liabilities, as it involves the issuance of equity (stock).A delivery truck costing $95,000 was purchased using $30,000 cash and by signing a $65,000 long-term note payable: In this transaction, the company acquired a truck by making a cash payment of $30,000 and signing a long-term note payable for $65,000. Therefore, the long-term note payable increased by $65,000.Rent was prepaid costing $10,000: Prepaid rent represents an advance payment for future services and is considered a current liability. Therefore, the prepaid rent of $10,000 increases the liabilities.Given that there are no other transactions mentioned that would affect liabilities, we can calculate the total liabilities at the end of April as follows:
Total liabilities = Initial liabilities + Increase in long-term note payable + Increase in prepaid rent
Total liabilities = $70,000 + $65,000 + $10,000
Total liabilities = $145,000
Therefore, the total liabilities at the end of April amount to $145,000.
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adam fleeman, a skilled carpenter, started a home improvement business with tom collins, a master plumber. adam and tom are concerned about the payroll taxes they will have to pay. assume they form an s corporation and each earns a salary of $80,000 from the corporation; in addition, they expect their share of business profits to be $60,000 each. how much social security tax and medicare tax (or self-employment tax) will adam, tom, and their corporation have to pay on their salary and profits? (assume adam and tom are paying themselves reasonable salaries.)
Adam and Tom, as owners of an S corporation, will be subject to Social Security and Medicare taxes on their salaries. The corporation will also have to pay a portion of these taxes. The specific amounts of Social Security and Medicare taxes depend on the applicable rates and income thresholds set by the government.
As owners of an S corporation, Adam and Tom will be considered employees of the corporation and will receive salaries. The salaries they receive are subject to Social Security and Medicare taxes, also known as the self-employment tax.
For the salary portion of their earnings, Adam and Tom will each be responsible for paying their share of Social Security and Medicare taxes. The current tax rate for Social Security is 6.2% on earnings up to a certain income threshold (e.g., $142,800 in 2021), and the Medicare tax rate is 1.45% on all earnings. However, there is an additional Medicare tax of 0.9% on earnings above a certain threshold ($200,000 for single filers in 2021).
In addition to the taxes paid by Adam and Tom, the corporation is responsible for paying the employer's portion of Social Security and Medicare taxes on the salaries paid to its employees, including Adam and Tom. The employer's portion of these taxes matches the rates paid by the employees.
The specific amounts of Social Security and Medicare taxes for Adam, Tom, and their corporation can be calculated based on the applicable rates, income thresholds, and any additional Medicare taxes that may apply. It is advisable to consult a tax professional or use tax software to determine the exact amounts based on the current tax regulations.
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a u.s. firm buys bonds issued by a technology center in india. this purchase is an example of u.s. a. foreign direct investment. by itself it is an increase in u.s. holdings of foreign bonds and increases u.s. net capital outflow. b. foreign portfolio investment. by itself it is an increase in u.s. holdings of foreign bonds and decreases u.s. net capital outflow. c. foreign direct investment. by itself it is an increase in u.s. holdings of foreign bonds and decreases u.s. net capital outflow. d. foreign portfolio investment. by itself it is an increase in u.s. holdings of foreign bonds and increases u.s. net capital outflow.
The purchase of bonds by a U.S. firm issued by a technology center in India is an example of foreign portfolio investment.
This type of investment involves the purchase of foreign securities such as stocks, bonds, and other financial assets. In this case, the U.S. firm is investing in Indian bonds, which is an increase in U.S. holdings of foreign bonds.
However, the impact on U.S. net capital outflow depends on the nature of the investment. If the U.S. firm is actively involved in managing the technology center in India and has a significant ownership stake, then it would be considered a foreign direct investment. In this scenario, the purchase of bonds would still increase U.S. holdings of foreign bonds but it would also decrease U.S. net capital outflow.
On the other hand, if the U.S. firm is solely investing in the bonds without any involvement in managing the technology center, then it is solely considered a foreign portfolio investment. This would still increase U.S. holdings of foreign bonds, but it would also increase U.S. net capital outflow since funds are flowing out of the U.S. and into India.
Therefore, the correct answer to the question is option B - foreign portfolio investment. The purchase of Indian bonds by a U.S. firm increases U.S. holdings of foreign bonds and decreases U.S. net capital outflow, assuming the U.S. firm is not involved in managing the technology center.
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s the number of pics per order picker decreases on a given tour, his/her total time out______and the time per pick_________
As the number of picks per order picker decreases on a given tour, his/her total time out in the warehouse may decrease as well.
This is because with fewer picks to make, the order picker may be able to move more quickly and efficiently through the warehouse, completing their tasks in less time. However, the time per pick may actually increase. This is because with fewer picks to make, the order picker may have more time to carefully select each item and ensure that they are choosing the correct item for each order. Additionally, if there are fewer picks to make, the order picker may have to travel longer distances between picks, which could increase the time per pick. Ultimately, the impact on time out and time per pick will depend on a variety of factors, including the specific warehouse layout, the number and types of items being picked, and the individual order picker's speed and efficiency.
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FILL THE BLANK. The procedure that stiffens a joint by joining two bones is ___. This is also known as surgical ankylosis. Arthrodesis.
The procedure that stiffens a joint by joining two bones is called arthrodesis. This is also known as surgical ankylosis.
Arthrodesis involves the surgical fusion of a joint, immobilizing it and preventing any movement. This procedure is commonly performed to treat severe joint pain, instability, or deformity that cannot be adequately addressed through conservative measures. By permanently fusing the bones, arthrodesis eliminates pain caused by joint motion and provides stability. It is typically considered when other treatment options have failed or are not suitable. While arthrodesis limits joint flexibility, it can effectively relieve pain and improve overall joint function for patients who have exhausted alternative treatments.
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A stock with an annual standard deviation of 20 percent currently sells for $70. The risk-free rate is 3.3 percent. What is the value of a put option with a strike price of $75 and 66 days to expiration? (Use 365 days in a year. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)
Value of a Put Option = ?
The value of a put option with a strike price of $75 and 66 days to expiration is $0.61.
The Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model, which is represented by the following equation, can be used to determine the value of a put option:
Put Option Value = P × N(d2) - K × e-rt × N(d1)
Where:
P = Current price of underlying asset
K = Strike price of option
r = Risk-free interest rate
t = Time to expiration (in years)
N(d1) and N(d2) are the cumulative standard normal distribution functions
For this problem, we have:
P = $70
K = $75
r = 3.3% = 0.033
t = 66/365 = 0.181 years
A typical normal distribution table can be used to determine the values of N(d1) and N(d2), which are 0.0076 and -0.1069, respectively.
These values when entered into the formula result in:
Put Option Value = $70 × 0.0076 - $75 × e-0.033 × 0.181 × -0.1069 = $0.61
Consequently, a put option with a $75 strike price and 66 days before expiration is worth $0.61.
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The journal entry to record the payroll for an accounting period will include a credit to Salaries and Wages Payable equal to the gross amount of employee wages . a. less all payroll deductions. b. less federal and state income taxes only. c. less FICA taxes only. d. none of the above.
The correct option is (a) less all payroll deductions. When recording the payroll in the accounting records, the journal entry will typically include a debit to the Wage Expense account for the gross amount of employee wages.
The journal entry to record the payroll for an accounting period will include a credit to Salaries and Wages Payable equal to the gross amount of employee wages less all payroll deductions. Payroll deductions can include various items such as federal and state income taxes, FICA (Social Security and Medicare) taxes, employee benefits contributions, and any other deductions required by law or chosen by the employee (e.g., retirement contributions, health insurance premiums). These deductions are withheld from the gross wages earned by employees, and the remaining net amount is what the employees receive as their take-home pay. By crediting Salaries and Wages Payable for the net amount, the entry reflects the liability the company has for paying the employees their net wages, which will be settled at a later date.
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Sunset Corporation will pay a dividend of $3.99 per share next year. The company pledges to increase its dividend by 5% per year, indefinitely. If you require a return of 8% on your investment, how much will you pay for the company’s stock today? Round your answer to two decimal places.
In Sunset Corporation will pay a dividend of $3.99 per share next year. The company pledges to increase its dividend by 5% per year, indefinitely. If you require a return of 8% on your investment, you would pay $133.00 for the company's stock today.
To calculate the value of the stock today, we can use the dividend discount model (DDM) formula. The DDM calculates the present value of all expected future dividends.
In this case, the dividend for next year is $3.99 per share, and it is expected to grow by 5% annually. The required return on your investment is 8%.
The formula for the DDM is:
Stock Value = Dividend / (Required Return - Dividend Growth Rate)
Let's plug in the values:
Dividend = $3.99
Required Return = 8% = 0.08
Dividend Growth Rate = 5% = 0.05
Stock Value = $3.99 / (0.08 - 0.05)
Simplifying the equation:
Stock Value = $3.99 / 0.03
Stock Value = $133.00
Therefore, you would pay $133.00 for the company's stock today, rounded to two decimal places.
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workers who have been laid off by major employers have probably shifted their motivational focus from
Workers who have been laid off by major employers have likely shifted their motivational focus from career advancement and loyalty to job security and financial stability.
This change in motivational focus can be attributed to several factors. Firstly, the experience of being laid off can create a sense of insecurity and vulnerability, making individuals more concerned about their financial well-being. The loss of a stable job and income can lead to increased stress and the need to secure immediate employment to support oneself and their families. Additionally, the impact of a layoff on an individual's career trajectory can be significant. Job loss may necessitate a shift in industries or occupations, which can require retraining or starting from scratch in a new field. In such situations, the primary focus becomes finding any job that provides income and stability rather than pursuing specific career goals.
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suni owns land (adjusted basis of $90,000; fair market value of $125,000) that she uses in her business. she exchanges it for another parcel of land (worth $100,000) and stock (worth $25,000). question content area a. determine suni's realized and recognized gain or loss on the exchange. suni's realized is $fill in the blank fb11cffeb07d051 2 and recognized is $fill in the blank fb11cffeb07d051 4 . question content area b. determine suni's basis in the new land. the basis of the new land is $fill in the blank 0b0bf3fe2fac030 1 . question content area c. determine suni's basis in the stock she received. the basis in the stock she received is $fill in the blank 64406f0b7fbbfca 1 .
Suni's realized gain: $35,000
Suni's recognized gain: $0
Basis of new land: $90,000
Basis in stock received: $25,000
a. Suni's realized gain on the exchange is calculated by subtracting the adjusted basis of the old land from the total value of the new land and stock received. In this case, the realized gain is: ($100,000 + $25,000) - $90,000 = $35,000. However, since this is a like-kind exchange, the gain is not recognized. Therefore, Suni's recognized gain is $0.
b. To determine Suni's basis in the new land, we start with the adjusted basis of the old land and add any recognized gain. In this case, the basis of the new land is $90,000 + $0 (recognized gain) = $90,000.
c. Suni's basis in the stock she received is equal to its fair market value, which is $25,000.
To summarize:
Suni's realized gain: $35,000
Suni's recognized gain: $0
Basis of new land: $90,000
Basis in stock received: $25,000
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At a sales volume of 37,000 units, Choice Corporation's sales commissions (a cost that is variable with respect to sales volume) total $514,300.
To the nearest whole cent, what should be the average sales commission per unit at a sales volume of 43,100 units? (Assume that this sales volume is within the relevant range.)Multiple Choice
$13.90
$14.59
$13.27
$13.59
The average sales commission per unit at a sales volume of 43,100 units is $13.90. The correct answer is: a) $13.90.
To find the average sales commission per unit at a sales volume of 43,100 units, use the formula:
Average Sales Commission per Unit = Total Sales Commissions / Sales Volume
Given:
Sales Volume = 37,000 units
Total Sales Commissions = $514,300
Average Sales Commission per Unit = $514,300 / 37,000 units ≈ $13.90
Rounded to the nearest whole cent, the average sales commission per unit at a sales volume of 43,100 units is $13.90.
Therefore, the correct answer is: $13.90
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FILL IN THE BLANK. Ease of formation, flexibility and diversity of management are advantages of the _____ form of business ownership.
a. partnership
b. joint venture
c. cooperative
d. conglomerate
e. corporation
The answer is: a. partnership. Ease of formation, flexibility, and diversity of management are advantages associated with the partnership form of business ownership.
Partnerships are relatively easy to establish and require less formalities compared to other forms such as corporations. Partnerships also offer flexibility in terms of decision-making and management structure, allowing partners to share responsibilities and expertise. Additionally, partnerships can benefit from diverse perspectives and skills brought by multiple partners, contributing to the overall success of the business.
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es Now that you have reviewed financial accounting, here's a chance to quickly see how well you remember the essentials of your previous accounting classes. Using the account titles in the Lesson 1 Assignment Spreadsheet.create these financial statements for EXAMPLE COMPANY for the year ended December 31, XXXX: • Income statement. • statement of retained earnings, and • balance sheet. Please prepare your answers in a spreadsheet that you create, using proper spreadsheet techniques. You don't need to add numbers. Account Title 2 3 Account Payable 4 Account Receivable 5 Accumulated Depreciation - Buliding 6 Accumulated Depreciation - Office Equipment 7 Accumulated Depreciation - Store Fixtures 8 Administration Salaries Expense 9 Advertising expense 10 Allowance for Doubtful Accounts 11 Beginning Retained Earnings 12 Building 13 Cash 14 Common Stock 15 Cost of Good Sold 16 Credit Card Revenues 17 Depreciation Expense - Building 18 Depreciation Expense - Office Equipment 19 Depreciation Expense - Store Equpment 20 Dividends on Common Shares 21 Employer Taxes payable 22 Freight expense 23 Gains on Sales of Equipment 24 Insurance expense 25 Interest Expense 26 Interest Payable 12 Financial Statement 26 Interest Payable 27 Inventory 28 Land 29 Mortgage Payable 30 Notes Payable 31 Notes Receivable 32 Office equipment 33 Office supplies 34 Office Supplies Expense 35 Paid in Excess of Par 36 Patents 37 Petty Cash 38 Prepaid Insurance 39 Rent expense 40 Rent revenue 41 Salaries Payable 42 Sales 43 Sales Commissions 44 Sales discounts 45 Sales returns 46 Sales Tax payable 47 Store fixtures 48 Supplies 49 Supplies Expense 50 Unearned revenue 51 Unfunded Pension Due 52 Utilities Expense
Here's a general overview of each financial statement:
Income Statement:
The income statement shows a company's revenues, expenses, and net income (or net loss) for a specific period. To create an income statement, you would list revenue accounts (e.g., Sales, Credit Card Revenues), subtract cost of goods sold (Cost of Goods Sold), and deduct operating expenses (e.g., Advertising Expense, Rent Expense) from the gross profit. Finally, subtract non-operating expenses (e.g., Interest Expense) and add non-operating revenues (e.g., Gains on Sales of Equipment) to arrive at the net income or loss.
Statement of Retained Earnings:
The statement of retained earnings reflects the changes in a company's retained earnings over a specific period. It includes the beginning retained earnings balance, adds net income (from the income statement), and subtracts dividends to arrive at the ending retained earnings.
Balance Sheet:
The balance sheet provides a snapshot of a company's financial position at a specific date. It consists of assets (e.g., Cash, Accounts Receivable), liabilities (e.g., Accounts Payable, Notes Payable), and shareholders' equity (e.g., Common Stock, Retained Earnings). Assets should equal liabilities plus shareholders' equity.
By following these guidelines and organizing the account titles provided into appropriate sections, you should be able to prepare the three financial statements: income statement, statement of retained earnings, and balance sheet for Example Company.
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The reason cash flow is used in capital budgeting is because
cash rather than income is used to purchase new machines.
cash outlays need to be evaluated in terms of the present value of the resultant cash inflows.
All of these options
to ignore the tax shield provided from depreciation would ignore the cash flow provided by the machine, which should be reinvested to replace older machines.
Cash flow is used in capital budgeting because cash rather than income is used to purchase new machines, and evaluating cash outlays in terms of the present value of the resultant cash inflows is essential.
When making capital budgeting decisions, it is crucial to consider cash flows rather than just focusing on income. Cash is used to acquire new machines, and evaluating cash outlays in terms of the present value of the resulting cash inflows helps determine the profitability and feasibility of the investment.
By considering cash flows, companies can assess the actual cash inflows and outflows associated with the investment project. This allows for a more accurate evaluation of the project's financial viability and its potential to generate positive cash flow.
Furthermore, ignoring the tax shield provided by depreciation would neglect an important aspect of cash flow analysis. Depreciation is a non-cash expense that reduces taxable income and, consequently, the amount of tax paid. This tax shield effectively increases the cash flow available for reinvestment or other purposes. By including the tax shield in the cash flow analysis, companies can make more informed decisions about the project's profitability and overall financial impact.
Cash flow analysis is crucial in capital budgeting because it provides a more accurate assessment of the financial viability of an investment project.
Evaluating cash outlays in terms of the present value of cash inflows helps determine the project's profitability.
Additionally, considering the tax shield provided by depreciation allows for a comprehensive analysis of cash flows and ensures that the reinvestment potential of the project is appropriately assessed.
By incorporating cash flow analysis into capital budgeting, companies can make more informed decisions and maximize their financial returns.
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identify which principle applies to each scenario and place the appropriate terms in the corresponding spaces.
a. after spending hours researching his choices, mark decides on a laptop that will cost him $799. as he walks into his local retailer, a salesman presents him a laptop with marginally better features at the same price. however, mark would have to do further research to verify that the new alternative is in fact better. as a result, he decides that the laptop he previously decided on is good enough and buys it. Mark's decision is an example of__ a) bounded rationality. b) fairness. c) risk aversion
Mark's decision is an example of a) bounded rationality.
Bounded rationality refers to the idea that individuals make decisions based on limited information and cognitive abilities, rather than being fully rational and able to consider all possible alternatives. In this scenario, Mark has already spent a significant amount of time researching his choices and has made a decision based on the information he has gathered so far. When presented with a potentially better alternative, he is hesitant to change his decision without further research, as he is limited by his cognitive abilities to fully consider all possible alternatives.
Therefore, Mark's decision is an example of bounded rationality.
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determine the fixed cost components using the high-low method. total fixed costs $enter the fixed cost components using the high-low method
The fixed cost components can be determined using the high-low method. By analyzing the highest and lowest activity levels and their corresponding total costs, we can calculate the fixed cost components.
In the high-low method, we identify the period with the **highest activity level and the period with the lowest activity level Next, we calculate the difference in total costs between these two periods. This difference represents the variable cost component, as it varies with the activity level. To find the fixed cost components, we subtract the variable cost component from the total fixed costs. This provides us with the fixed cost component, which remains constant regardless of the activity level. By utilizing this approach, we can isolate the fixed cost element within the total costs.
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T/F. if all firms in a perfectly competitive market charge the same price: this is evidence of collusion.
False. If all firms in a perfectly competitive market charge the same price, it is not necessarily evidence of collusion.
In a perfectly competitive market, there are numerous buyers and sellers, and each firm has no control over the market price. The price is determined by the forces of supply and demand, and all firms are price takers, meaning they accept the market price as given. In this scenario, firms have no incentive or ability to collude and set prices collectively.
Collusion refers to an agreement between firms to manipulate prices or restrict competition. It involves firms conspiring to coordinate their actions and artificially set prices higher than the competitive market level. Collusion is typically associated with oligopolistic markets where a few large firms dominate the industry. In contrast, in a perfectly competitive market, firms are price takers and operate independently, striving to maximize their own profits. The fact that all firms charge the same price in a perfectly competitive market is a result of market forces and the absence of collusion.
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which of the following is not an advantage of erp? group of answer choices improved control of operations uses single database reduce supply chain inventories
The is "reduce supply chain inventories." Reducing supply chain inventories is not typically considered an advantage of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems.
systems. While ERP systems can provide benefits such as improved control of operations and the use of a single database, their primary purpose is not specifically aimed at reducing supply chain inventories.
ERP systems are comprehensive software solutions designed to integrate and streamline various business processes across different functional areas, such as finance, human resources, manufacturing, and sales. They enable organizations to centralize data, automate processes, enhance communication and collaboration, and improve overall operational efficiency.
While ERP systems can support inventory management by providing real-time visibility into inventory levels and streamlining procurement processes, the reduction of supply chain inventories is not an inherent advantage of ERP systems. Inventory management typically involves a combination of strategies, including supply chain optimization, demand forecasting, and effective inventory control practices, which can be facilitated by utilizing ERP systems alongside other tools and methodologies.
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Employee Stock Options (L04, CFA2) In its 10Q dated February 4, 2016, LLL, Inc., had outstanding employee stock options representing over 289 million shares of its stock. LLL accountants estimated the value of these options using the Black-Scholes-Merton formula and the following assumptions: S= current stock price = $28.64 K= option strike price = $31.07 r= risk-free interest rate = .046 o = stock volatility = .29 T = time to expiration = 3.5 years What was the estimated value of these employee stock options per share of stock? (Note: LLL pays no dividends.) (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.) Option value per share
The estimated value of these employee stock options per share of stock is approximately $9.43.
To calculate the estimated value of the employee stock options per share of stock, we can use the Black-Scholes-Merton formula. The formula is as follows:
Option value per share = [tex]S \times N(d_1) - K \times e^{(-r \times T)} \times N(d_2)[/tex]
where:
S = current stock price
N() = cumulative standard normal distribution function
[tex]\[ d_1 = \frac{{\ln\left(\frac{S}{K}\right) + \left(r + \frac{o^2}{2}\right) \cdot T}}{{o \cdot \sqrt{T}}} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ d_2 = d_1 - o \cdot \sqrt{T} \][/tex]
K = option strike price
r = risk-free interest rate
T = time to expiration
o = stock volatility
Given the following values:
S = $28.64
K = $31.07
r = 0.046
o = 0.29
T = 3.5 years
Let's calculate the option value per share:
First, we need to calculate d1 and d2:
[tex]\[ d_1 = \frac{{\ln\left(\frac{{28.64}}{{31.07}}\right) + \left(0.046 + \frac{{0.29^2}}{{2}}\right) \cdot 3.5}}{{0.29 \cdot \sqrt{3.5}}} \][/tex]
= (-0.0785 + 0.1148) / 0.1456
= 0.5867
[tex]\[ d_2 = 0.5867 - 0.29 \cdot \sqrt{3.5} \][/tex]
= 0.5867 - 0.29 * 1.8708
= 0.1035
Next, we calculate N(d1) and N(d2) using the cumulative standard normal distribution function. These values can be looked up in a standard normal distribution table or calculated using statistical software:
N(d1) = 0.7210
N(d2) = 0.5408
Finally, we can substitute the values into the Black-Scholes-Merton formula:
Option value per share = [tex]\[ 28.64 \cdot 0.7210 - 31.07 \cdot e^{-0.046 \cdot 3.5} \cdot 0.5408 \][/tex]
= [tex]20.67 - 31.07 * e^{(-0.161)} * 0.5408[/tex]
≈ 20.67 - 13.14 * 0.8563
≈ 20.67 - 11.24
≈ $9.43
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The estimated value of these employee stock options per share of stock is $2.02 (rounded to 2 decimal places).
In order to estimate the value of these employee stock options per share of stock, we need to use the Black-Scholes-Merton formula.
The formula for Black-Scholes-Merton is given as:
Option value per share = S × N(d1) − Ke^(−rT) × N(d2)
where: S = current stock price
K = option strike pricer = risk-free interest rate
o = stock volatility
T = time to expiration
N(d) = cumulative normal distribution function
The d1 and d2 values can be calculated as:
d1= [ln(S/K) + (r + o²/2) × T] / [o × √T]d2= d1 − o × √T
Substitute the values in the formula,
S = $28.64K = $31.07r = 0.046o = 0.29T = 3.5 years
d1 = [ln(28.64/31.07) + (0.046 + 0.29²/2) × 3.5] / [0.29 × √3.5] = -0.5052d2 = -0.5052 - 0.29 × √3.5 = -1.4247
Using the cumulative normal distribution table, we get N(d1) = 0.3071 and N(d2) = 0.0777.
Substitute the values in the Black-Scholes-Merton formula,
Option value per share = S × N(d1) − Ke^(−rT) × N(d2)= $28.64 × 0.3071 − $31.07e^(−0.046 × 3.5) × 0.0777= $2.02
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On February 28, 2019, the finished goods show a debit balance of P800,000. The completed goods for the month of March totaled P1,200,000. Due to effective marketing strategies, the entity was able to sell goods amounting to P1,600,000. How much is the finished goods on March 31, 2019?
The finished goods on March 31, 2019, amount to P400,000.
To calculate the finished goods on March 31, 2019, we need to consider the beginning balance of finished goods, the completed goods for the month, and the goods sold during the month.
Beginning Balance of Finished Goods (February 28, 2019): P800,000
Completed Goods for March: P1,200,000
Goods Sold in March: P1,600,000
To determine the finished goods on March 31, 2019, we can use the following formula:
Finished Goods on March 31, 2019 = Beginning Balance + Completed Goods - Goods Sold
Substituting the values into the formula:
Finished Goods on March 31, 2019 = P800,000 + P1,200,000 - P1,600,000
= P2,000,000 - P1,600,000
= P400,000
Therefore, the finished goods on March 31, 2019, amount to P400,000.
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acceptable email marketing practices under the can spam law include
The CAN-SPAM Act is a law that sets the rules for commercial email, establishes requirements for commercial messages, and gives recipients the right to opt-out of receiving them.
Acceptable email marketing practices under this law include ensuring that your subject line accurately reflects the content of the email, identifying the message as an advertisement, providing a clear and conspicuous opt-out mechanism, including a physical address in the email, and honoring opt-out requests promptly. Additionally, businesses should avoid using misleading header information, deceptive subject lines, and sending emails to recipients who have not given permission to receive them. It is important to adhere to these guidelines to maintain good email marketing practices, avoid legal penalties, and build trust with customers.
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According to the textbook, which of the following statements are true about the typical relationships between corporations and attorneys in the United States? a.Working closely with a business attorney results in opportunities and reduced business costs. b.The majority of companies rely upon i house counsel for their legal needs. c.It is almost unheard of for more than one attorney's advice to be needed on a legal matter, as consulting more than one attorney leads to confusion and conflicting counsel. d.All of the answer choices are correct.
According to the textbook, statement a and b are true about the typical relationships between corporations and attorneys in the United States. A. Working closely with a business attorney can result in opportunities and reduced business costs.
The attorney can advise the company on legal matters related to business operations, contracts, employment, and intellectual property. By being proactive and seeking legal advice, a company can avoid costly legal disputes and take advantage of opportunities that can benefit their business. B. The majority of companies rely upon in-house counsel for their legal needs. In house counsel is a lawyer who is employed by the company and provides legal advice and representation exclusively to that company.
This provides the company with a dedicated legal resource and helps to manage legal costs. Statement c is not true because it is common for companies to consult multiple attorneys to obtain different perspectives and opinions on a legal matter. This can help to avoid bias or conflicts of interest and ensure that the company receives comprehensive legal advice. Therefore, the correct answer is d is incorrect as not all the answer choices are correct.
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