Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is important in many metabolic reactions in the body, including the synthesis of collagen and prevention of scurvy. Given that themass percent composition of ascorbic acid is 40.9% C, 4.58% H, and 54.5% O, determine the empirical formula of ascorbic acid. Show all your work

Democritus proposed the idea that atoms were unique to the substance they were found .

Model of Bohr (1913)

Niels Bohr made Rutherford's model better. He demonstrated, using mathematical concepts, that electrons reside in energy levels or shells surrounding the nucleus. Due to the discovery of subatomic particles, the Dalton model has evolved over time.

Astonishing scientific advancements in fields like contemporary chemistry and nuclear energy resulted from the finding that all matter is composed of microscopic particles, which was made possible by the atomic theory.

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The vapor pressure lowering of water in this solution is 1165 torr.

What is vapor pressure?
The pressure that a vapour exerts on its condensed phases in a closed system at a specific temperature is known as the vapour pressure or equilibrium vapour pressure. An indicator of a liquid's evaporation rate is the equilibrium vapour pressure. It has to do with how easily liquid-borne particles tend to elude detection (or solid). Volatile is a term used to describe a chemical that, at room temperature, has a high vapour pressure. Vapor pressure is the force that a vapour cloud exerts over a liquid surface. The kinetic energy of a liquid's molecules increases along with the temperature. The number of molecules vaporising also rises as a function of the molecules' rising kinetic energy, which raises the vapour pressure.

the vapor pressure of water and the mixture is 355 torr and 760 torrs. Therefore, the value of vapor pressure of oxygen would be,

Ptotal=PO2+PH2O

760=PO2+355

760−355=PO2

405=PO2

So, at the temperature, the vapor pressure of  Ethylene is 405 torr.

When volume reduces to 50ml, the pressure of the oxygen would be,

P1V1=P2V2

where P1 and P2 are the pressure and V1 and V2 are the volumes.

P1V1=P2V2

P1V1/V2=P2

405×100 / 50=P2

810=P2

So, when the volume is 50ml the vapor pressure of the oxygen is 810 torr.

Now the total pressure of water-saturated oxygen at 50 ml volume is,

Ptotal=PO2+PH2O

Ptotal=810+355

Ptotal=1165

So, the total vapor pressure is 1165 torr.
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Answer:

NaOH

Explanation:

Sodium hydroxide is a proton acceptor. Metal hydroxides are almost always bases. H₂O is water and is neutral. Sodium is a positively charged metallic ion. Hydroxide is a negatively charged ion.

Step 1

The reaction involved:

2 KClO3 => 2 KCl + 3 O2 (completed and balanced)

------------

Step 2

Data provided:

Mass of KClO3 = 163.27 g

---

Data needed:

The molar mass of:

KClO3) 122.6 g/mol

O2) 32.00 g/mol

-------------

Step 3

Procedure:

By stoichiometry,

2 KClO3 => 2 KCl + 3 O2

2 x 122.6 g KClO3 ------ 3 x 32.00 g O2

163.27 g KClO3 ------ X

X = 163.27 g KClO3 x 3 x 32.00 g O2/2 x 122.6 g KClO3

X = 63.92 g

Answer: 63.95 g (the nearest value)

Organism – Squid

Number of chromosomes after meiosis: 26

Number of chromosomes in the body cells: 52

Number of chromosomes in gametes: 26

Number of chromosomes after mitosis: 52

Organism – Sunflower

Number of chromosomes after meiosis: 19

Number of chromosomes in the body cells: 38

Number of chromosomes in gametes: 19

Number of chromosomes after mitosis: 38

Organism – Pea plant

Number of chromosomes after meiosis: 7

Number of chromosomes in the body cells: 14

Number of chromosomes in gametes: 7

Number of chromosomes after mitosis: 14

Organism – Cow

Number of chromosomes after meiosis: 30

Number of chromosomes in the body cells: 60

Number of chromosomes in gametes: 30

Number of chromosomes after mitosis: 60

Chromosome are made up of genetic material called DNA and it looks like a thread. It is present in the inside of nucleus of a cell.

During meiosis number of chromosomes would be reduced to half whereas in mitosis number of chromosomes remains the same.

The number of chromosomes in body cells is the chromosomal number of an organism and in gametes it would be reduced to half.

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The stronger the acid the easier the H+ ions dissociate in solution of the following statements is true.

The correct option is A.

Because it almost entirely dissociates, HCl is a powerful acid. A weak acid, such as acetic acid (CH₃COOH), on the other hand, does not dissociate easily in water because numerous H+ ions are still locked up inside the molecule. In conclusion, more free H+ ions are liberated into solution with stronger acids.

Strong acids (and bases) are completely dissociated into ions, which is the cause of this. In comparison to weak acids (and bases) of comparable concentrations, they therefore supply more ions for conductivity. An illustration is the complete ionization of a 0.1 M hydrochloric acid solution.

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The complete question is -

Which of the following statements is true?

A-The stronger the acid the easier the H+ ions dissociate in solution.

B-The weaker the acid the easier the H+ ions dissociate in solution.

C-The stronger the base the easier the H+ ions dissociate in solution.

D-The weaker the base the easier the H+ ions dissociate in solution.

Answer:

No, the student did not balance the equation correctly

The balanced equation of reaction is:

Explanation:

The law of conservation of mass states that:

What this simply means in relation to chemical equations is that, there must be the same number of moles of atoms of each element on either side of the reaction

Looking at the equation given by the student, we can clearly see that the correct form of the molecules is not written although we have an equal number of moles shown

Thus, we have the balanced equation of reaction as follows:

From the above, we can see the balanced equation of reaction

Ions can travel directly from the cytoplasm of one animal cell to the cytoplasm of an adjacent cell through  gap junctions.

Cytoplasm is the gelatinous liquid that fills the inside of a cell.

The cytoplasm is composed of water, salts, and various organic molecules. Some intracellular organelles, such the nucleus and mitochondria, are enclosed by membranes that separate them from the cytoplasm.

The cytoplasm has the following functions :

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Answer: The answer for 28 A is [tex][He]2s^2 2p^2[/tex]

28 B is [tex]1s^2 2s^2 2p^1[/tex]

Answer:

I do not know how to answer this question. Is it even a question?

Explanation:

Answer:

C.

Explanation:

The correct way to write the diagram of an ionic compound is:

- Use brackets by writing inside them, the symbol of each element separately.

- Draw the symbol and the number o the charge of each one, negative (-) add positive +()., in this case it is +1 for Mg (because Mg lost an electron) and -1 for O (because O won an elec).

ANSWER

Definition of an acid; is a substance that produced hydrogen ions (H+) as the only positive ion when dissolved in water or in an aqueous solution. it increases the concentration of hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution.

Definition of the base; are hydroxide compounds that give hydroxide ion (OH-) on dissociation in water. it increases the concentration of hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution.

Why do we use the definition: it helps us to understand the acid-base properties of substances in an aqueous medium. neutralization, hydrolysis, and strength of acids and bases

EXPLANATION:

Arrhenius defined acid and base in the following way

According to Arrhenius, he defined an acid as a substance that produced hydrogen ions (H+) as the only positive ion when dissolved in water or in an aqueous solution. it increases the concentration of hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution.

Bases are hydroxide compounds that give hydroxide ion (OH-) on dissociation in water. it increases the concentration of hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution.

Arrhenius's definition of acid and base is still in use because it helps us to understand the acid-base properties of substances in an aqueous medium. neutralization, hydrolysis, and strength of acids and bases

To convert the given number to regular notation, we have to move the decimal dot as many times as indicated by the exponent of 10. In this case, that exponent is -4, so we have to move the decimal dot 4 times to the left:

It means that the answer is 0.000875.

The theoretical yield of the gold is 0985 g

Recall that the yield is defined as the mass of the product that is obtained in the reaction. Let us recall that a chemical reaction must involve the interaction of the reactants so as to obtain in a given amount, the products of the particular reaction that is in question.

Now;

Number of moles of the gold (III) oxide  = 1.1134 g/442 g/mol = 2.5 * 10^-3 moles

We can get the number of moles of the hydrogen from the ideal gas equation;

PV = nRT

n = PV/RT

n = 1.000 atm  * 20.0 L/0.082 atm LK-1mol-1 *  800K

n = 0.3 moles

Given that the mole ratio of the reaction is 1 mole of the oxide to three moles of hydrogen;

1 mole of gold (III) oxide reacts with 3 moles of hydrogen

2.5 * 10^-3 moles of gold (III) oxide reacts with 2.5 * 10^-3 moles *  3 moles /1 mole

= 7.5 * 10^-3 mole of hydrogen

Hence the hydrogen is present in excess.

The theoretical yield =

1 mole of the oxide produced 2 moles of the gold

2.5 * 10^-3 moles of the oxide produced 2.5 * 10^-3 moles * 2 moles/1 mole

= 5 * 10^-3 moles of gold

Theoretical yield = 5 * 10^-3 moles of gold * 197 g/mol

= 0985 g

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The volume of the base, LiOH required to reach the halfway point will be 170.6 mL.

The balanced chemical equation for this reaction will be:

HCOOH +LiOH → HCOOHLi + [tex]H_{2}O[/tex]

It can be observed that,

The mole ratio of HCOOH ([tex]n_{a}[/tex], acid) = 1

The mole ratio of LiOH ([tex]n_{b}[/tex], base) = 1

Volume of acid, HCOOH ([tex]V_{a}[/tex] = 64.0 mL

Molarity of acid, HCOOH ([tex]M_{a}[/tex]) = 0.4 M

Molarity of base, LiOH ([tex]M_{b}[/tex]) = 0.150 M

The volume of a base can be determined by the formula:

Ma×Va / Mb ×Vb = nA / nB.....(i)

Now, put the given data in above formula:

(0.4 × 64) / (0.150 × [tex]V_{b}[/tex]) = 1

25.6 / (0.150 × [tex]V_{b}[/tex]) = 1

By solving it:

0.150 × [tex]V_{b}[/tex] = 25.6

[tex]V_{b}[/tex] = 25.6 / 0.150

[tex]V_{b}[/tex] = 170.6 mL

Therefore, the volume of the LiOH required to reach the halfway point will be 170.6 mL.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Here, we want to sum the given values, then give an answer to the correct significant figures

The correct significant figure for addition operation is the significant figure of the number that has the lowest count of values after the decimal places

Looking at the values, the number with the lowest significant figure after the decimal value is 121.3

Thus, our answer will have a value with 1 significant figure after the decimal place

We have it that:

Answer

The process that is NOT reversible is Burning butane in a candle lighter

Explanation

All other processes can be reversed

2H2(g) +O2(g) → 2H2O(g)

Mass = 5 g : :

Moles = 4.96 : : 4.96

1.1 number of moles for hydrogen :

moles = mass /Molecular mass

= 5g/1,00784

=4.96 moles

1.2 Determine molar ratio in oder to get the moles for product 2H2O

we see that :

2 moles of Hydrogen produces: 2 moles of water

so, 4.96 moles of hydrogen will produce : x = 4.96*2 /2 = 4.96

This means that moles for water = 4.96

n = 4.96moles

Molecules of H2O = 4.96 mol * 6.022×10^23molecules/1mol

=2.99x10^24 molecules

A skeletal chemical equation is a representation of a chemical reaction using chemical formulae of reactants and products.

Sulfur = S

Oxygen = O

Sulfur dioxide = SO2

The skeleton equation is:

Here the skeleton equation = balanced equation.

The forensic scientist best categorize this blood stain by impact. Thus option B is correct.

Forensic science is defined as the application of science to criminal and civil laws, with a focus on the criminal side during a criminal investigation as defined by the legal requirements of admissible evidence and criminal procedure.

There are various laws and principles of forensic science.

Thus, the forensic scientist best categorize this blood stain by impact. Thus option B is correct.

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The number of atoms of fluorine present in 3.71 moles of nitrogen trifluoride, NF₃ is 6.7×10²⁴ atoms

We'll begin by obtaining the number of moles of fluorine in 3.71 moles of nitrogen trifluoride NF₃. This can be obtained as follow:

1 mole of nitrogen trifluoride, NF₃ contains 3 moles of F

Therefore,

3.71 moles of nitrogen trifluoride, NF₃ will contain = 3.71 × 3 = 11.13 moles of F

Finall, we shall determine the number of atoms of fluorine pressnt in the compound as follow:

From Avogadro's hypothesis,

1 mole of fluorine = 6.02×10²³ atoms

Therefore,

11.13 moles of fluorine = (11.13 moles × 6.02×10²³ atoms) / 1 mole

11.13 moles of fluorine = 6.7×10²⁴ atoms

Thus, from the calculations made above, we can conclude that the number of atoms of fluorine present is 6.7×10²⁴ atoms

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The strength is a measure of the degree of ionization of a substance in an aqueous solution.

Some substances are strong and they dissociate completely (this is the case of hydrochloric acid, HCl, in water), some are weak and they do not dissociate completely (like acetic acid, CH3COOH).

The concentration is a measure of the amount of the substance in a solution and it is usually explessed in moles or percentage. It is a ratio of the substance to the solvent. A concentrated solution is a solution with a high percentage of the substance (solute) in the solution, and a dilute one is a solution with a low percentage of solute.

The theoretical yield, in grams, of CO₂ is 93.97g having molar mass 44g

What is molar mass ?

The "counting unit" used by chemists to describe the quantity of atoms, ions, molecules, or formula units in a specific chemical sample is called a mole. The mole is comparable to other counting units you have employed in the past, such as pair (2), dozen (12), and gross (144). Avogadro's number (6.022 x 1023) of molecules (or formula units) make up one mole of a substance (ionic compound). The mass of 1 mole of a chemical is indicated by its molar mass. It provides you with the amount of grammes per mole of a substance, to put it another way. Therefore, grams/mole are the units for molar mass.

2C2H2 + 5O2=====> 4CO2+2H2O

Molar Mass of C2H2 = 2*12+2*2 = 28g = 1 mol

2 mol of C2H2 = 28*2 = 56g

Molar Mass of  CO2 = 12+2*16 = 44g = 1 mol

4 mol of CO2 = 4*44 = 176g

56g of C2H2 gives 176g of CO2

29.9g of C2H2 gives 176*29.9/56g of CO2

                                   = 93.97g of CO2

The theoretical yield, in grams, of CO₂ is 93.97g having molar mass 44g

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Since Jade tried to throw the horseshoe with the same amount of force, the likely distances that Jade measured would be 11 in., 12 in., 13 in. The last option.

The distance that the horseshoe thrown by Jade travels is a measure of the amount of force that she applies. The more the force, the longer the distance.

However, Jade tried to ensure that the same amount of force is used the 3 times she threw the horseshoe. The consequence is that the distance of the horseshoe from the stake will not vary much in all the 3 throws.

If the distances vary significantly, it means the amount of force used by Jade also differs significantly.

Thus, the only distances that could be a reflection of the relatively constant force used by Jade to throw the horseshoe are 11 in., 12 in., 13 in.

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How many molecules of carbon dioxide, CO₂, comprise 1.22 moles?

According to Avogadro's Number we have 6.02 * 10^23 molecules in one mol of molecules. So:

1 mol of CO₂ = 6.02 * 10^23 molecules of CO₂

Then:

1.22 moles of CO₂ * 6.02 * 10^23 molecules of CO₂ / 1 mol of CO₂ = 7.34 * 10^23 molecules of CO₂

There are 7.34 * 10^23 molecules of CO₂ in 1.22 moles of it

If phosphorus-33 have an half-life of 25 days the amount of phosphorus-33 that will remain after 150 days is 0.042 oz.

Half-life is the time taken for half the sample of a radioactive substance to decay.

To calculate the amount of phosphorus-33 that will remain after 150 days, we use the formula below.

Formula:

Where:

From the question,

Given:

Substitute these values into equation 1

Hence the amount of phosphorus-33 that will remain after 150 days is 0.042 oz.

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Based on the mole ratio of the reactants, 2 cakes can be made.

Limiting reactants are the reactants in a chemical reaction that are used up in a reaction.

Limiting reactants are the reactants upon which the reaction depends. Once the limiting reactant is used up, the reaction will stop.

Hence, the amount of product that can be formed from a reaction depends on the limiting reactant.

The limiting reactant of a reaction is obtained from the mole ratio of the reactants in the reaction.

Considering the equation of the reaction of the baking of cake:

2 cups flour + 1 stick butter + 4 eggs + 2 cups sugar + 1 cup milk + 2 tsp. baking powder = 1 cake

The amount of reactants present:

The amount of the reactants available is twice their mole ratio, hence two cakes can be made.

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Explanation:

endothermic because absorbing

energy

H2O is absorbing heat to release hydrogen and oxygen gas. any reaction that requires energy from outside is endothermic.

Answer:

Iron 24.03%

Carbon 30.90%

Hydrogen 3.86%

Oxygen 41.20 %

Explanation:

Here, we want to get the percentage composition of the given compound

What this means is that we want to get the percentage composition of each of the elements present in the compound

Firstly, we calculate the molar mass of the given compound

We can calculate the molar mass by adding the atomic masses of the elements and their multiplicities

Mathematically, we have that as:

Now, let us get the percentage compositions

For Iron, we have:

For Carbon, we have:

For Hydrogen, we have:

For Oxygen, we have:

what is the molar mass of anhydrous solid, mol?