2)
Molarity is defined as the
A)
moles of solute per liter of solution
B)
moles of solute per kilogram of solvent
volume of a solvent
C)
D)
mass of a solution
Answer:
A.moles of solute per liter of solution
Explanation:
the total number of moles of substances present; mass percentage, the ratio of the mass of the solute to the mass of the solution times 100; parts per thousand (ppt), grams.
:-befrank
how grignard reagent is dependent upon the nature of R?
Explanation:
Haloalkanes and other compounds with the halogen atom bonded to either sp3-hybridized or sp2-hybridized carbon atoms (aryl and vinyl halides) react with magnesium metal to yield organomagnesium halides called Grignard reagents. Grignard reagents are usually prepared in diethyl ether (CH3CH2O─CH2CH3). An ether solvent is essential for the reaction. The French chemist Victor Grignard discovered this reaction in 1900, and it has been studied and used extensively ever since.
Grignard reagents form easily from 1°, 2°, and 3° alkyl halides, although their reactivities differ. Aryl and vinyl halides react somewhat more slowly, and the cyclic ether tetrahydrofuran (THF) is required to prepare Grignard reagents of these compounds. The higher boiling point of the cyclic ether provides more vigorous reaction conditions, but the rate of the reaction also increases because THF solvates the Grignard reagent better than diethyl ether.
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Molecular model of a complex of methyl-magnesium chloride, a Grignard reagent, in which two molecules of tetrahydrofuran, THF, are bound to magnesium. The model is based on the crystal structure.
The order of reactivity of the halogens in haloalkanes is I > Br > CI > > F. Organofluorides are so unreactive that they are never used to prepare Grignard reagents. Organohalogen compounds containing bromine and chlorine are readily available, and are commonly used to prepare Grignard reagents. Grignard reagents are used synthetically to form new carbon–carbon bonds. A Grignard reagent has a very polar carbon–magnesium bond in which the carbon atom has a partial negative charge and the metal a partial positive charge.
The polarity of the carbon–magnesium bond is opposite that of the carbon–halogen bond of haloalkanes. Because the carbon atom in a Grignard reagent has a partial negative charge, it resembles a carbanion, and it reacts with electrophilic centers such as the carbonyl carbon atom of aldehydes, ketones, and esters. We will discuss this chemistry extensively in later chapters.
Grignard reagents react rapidly with acidic hydrogen atoms in molecules such as alcohols and water. When a Grignard reagent reacts with water, a proton replaces the halogen, and the product is an alkane. The Grignard reagent therefore provides a pathway for converting a haloalkane to an alkane in two steps.
1. A sample of air has a volume of 140.0 mL at 273 K. To what temperature must the
gas be lowered to reduce its volume to 50.0 mL, at a constant pressure?
Explanation:
The question had been answered above
two protons are placed 1 mm apart. separately two electrons are placed 1 cm apart. which pair will have greater force between them
Answer:
The protons
Explanation:
The force of attraction/repulsion is indirectly proportional to the square of the distance between...the protons are much closer together and will have a stronger force.
F = k q1q2 / r^2
What is a bifurcation?
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A division into two branchesAny place where one thing divides into two.[tex]\rule{70mm}{2.2pt}[/tex][tex]\sf{\:мѕнαcкεя\: ♪...}[/tex]
1. How is the genome like a stack of papers?
Answer:
Except for mature red blood cells, all human cells contain a complete genome. DNA in the human genome is arranged into 24 distinct chromosomes—physically separate molecules that range in length from about 50 mil- lion to 250 million base pairs.
Answer:
As represented by this huge stack of paper, the human genome contains more than three billion nucleotides or DNA "letters.".
Explanation:
.
Which statement is true about a reversible reaction?
A. It has equal mass of all reactants.
B. It produces salts from acids and bases.
C. It has equal number of products and reactants.
D. It results in an equilibrium mixture of reactants and products.
Answer:
D. it results in an equilibrium mixture of reactants and products
Explanation:
took the test
Fill in the missing values in the chart below please. If you can please show your work.
The volume and temperature changes in according to Charles' law will be:
T2 = 363 °CT1 = 869 KV1 = 5.35 LV2 = 144.6 mLWhat is the relationship between volume and temperature of a given mass of gas?The relationship between the volume and temperature of a given mass of gas is given by Charles' Iaw which states that volume is directly proportional to temperature if a gas in Kelvin.
[tex]Mathematically, V_1/T_1 = V_2T_2[/tex]To complete the tables volume and temperature changes:
T2 = 3.5 × (273 +45)/1.75 = 636 K = 363 °CT1 = 35 × 298/12 = 869 KV1 = 250 × 7.6/355 = 5.35 LV2 = 150 × (273 + 24)/(273 + 35) = 144.6 mLTherefore, volume and temperature are directly proportional.
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free brainiest to whoever writes me the best love note! :) <3 dont miss the opportunity!!!
Answer:
Hi! I hope you're having a wonderful day, if not, I hope it gets better, much love and kindness! Be great!
Why Don't Birds Get Electrocuted When They Land on Electric Wires?
Answer: Because most electrical wires have an outer coating so you don't get electrocuted when you touch them. You could ask why don't you get electrocuted when you touch a phone charger, same answer, same outer coating.
Answer:
The copper in electrical wires is a great conductor, and birds are not great conductors. So the energy will just bypass the birds and keeps moving along the wire.
Explanation:
question has to do with chemistry and is in the picture.
Answer:
the answer is 69
Explanation:
hope this helps
have an awesome day -TJ
Which of the following is a reasonable explanation for the effect that stirring or agitation has on the dissolution rate?
A.
The water molecules have more kinetic energy and have a greater chance of interacting with (and dissolving) the potassium iodide.
B.
The water molecules have an increased charge, since stirring removes electrons from the molecules. This increases the chance of a potassium ion being attracted to water.
C.
Stirring converts large amounts of energy into heat from friction and the heat increases the dissolution rate.
D.
Stirring breaks the bonds between water molecules so that they are free to bond with the potassium and iodine ions.
The water molecules have more kinetic energy and have a greater chance of interacting with (and dissolving) the potassium iodide.
What is the effect of stirring on the dissolution rate?Stirring breaks a solute into smaller pieces which increases its surface area as well as its rate of dissolution. Stirring brings unused portions of the solvent in contact with the solute which allows the solute to dissolve faster.
So we can conclude that option A is the right answer.
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How long is a hard boiled egg good for in the refrigerator?.
Answer:
Hard-boiled eggs can be preserved up to 7 days in the refrigerator.
Explanation:
Identify any three ways of conserving and managing forest in nepal.
Answer:
We should manage and conserve forest resources in Nepal.
Explanation:
Nepal is the second richest country in natural resources. We should all work together and conserve our natural resources. We can conserve and manage forests in Nepal by the following ways:
1. Proper rules and laws should be made as well as executed by our government.
2. Illegal activities regarding harm of forests and its resources should be totally band.
3. Awareness programmes should be conducted worldwide to aware our citizens regarding conservation of forests.
what does this diagram show and what order is it in?
Answer:
Individual.
Explanation:
The diagram is showing how the biosphere is composed of, ending at ecosystem. Within an ecosystem, there is a community. Within a community, there are different populations. In one population, there are individuals that make it up.
So, since individuals make up a population, populations making up a community, and communities making up ecosystems, you find your Q to be individual.
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I hope this helps!
-No one
What might happen if you mixed a strong acid with an equally strong base?.
Answer:
They will balance each other out.
Explanation:
Strong acids are low on the pH scale, strong bases are high. Putting them together will bring it closer to the center of the scale, where they are equal.
Please help!!! This is due later today and I have no idea how to do this
Answer:
If you have a periodic table of the elements, you should be able to do this easily. The best periodic table, in my opinion, is the interactive periodic table at ptable(.com).
I will attach a formula sheet with everything you might need to know in chemistry.
Explanation:
You should be able to do this, but if you need more help let me know! :)
How many atoms are in 12.01 g of C? (Please show the steps! Thank you!)
Answer:
6.02 x 1023
Explanation:
Its numerical value is 6.02 x 10 (23). Therefore, a 12.01 g sample of carbon contains 6.02 x 10 (23) carbon atoms.
Which list of phases of H2O is arranged in order of increasing entropy
Answer: Solid, liquid, and gas are the three phases of H2O that are listed in order of increasing entropy.
The haphazard motion of water molecules in molecular water gives it the maximum flexibility.
pls help!!! Three resistors are arranged in parallel with a voltage source. The values are 2 Ω, 5 Ω, and 7 Ω. Which branch will have the MOST current?
Answer:
The 2 ohm branch
Explanation:
Since the resistors are in parallel, they are each connected to the same volatage. Since I = V/R you can see that the one with the smallest resistance will have the greatest current through it .
What can a swarm of grasshoppers do to a farmers crop?
It could destroy the crops by jumping all over them
407 grams of al2o3 to moles?
Answer:
3.99 moles Al₂O₃
Explanation:
The molar mass (g/mol) is used to convert between grams and moles. This value is calculated by taking the individual element molar masses from the periodic table, multiplying them by the corresponding subscripts, then adding them together. Al is 26.98 g/mol and has a subscript of 2. O is 16.00 g/mol and has a subscript of 3. So, the molar mass of Al₂O₃ is 101.96 g/mol.
2(26.98 g/mol) + 3(16.00 g/mol) = 101.96 g/mol
Since it is 101.96 grams PER one mole, the 101.96 is beside grams in the ratio. When setting up the conversion, you want grams in the demoninator (molar mass ratio) to cancel out the grams in the numerator (given value). Since the given number has 3 significant figures, the answer should also have 3 significant figures.
407 grams Al₂O₃ 1 mole Al₂O₃
-------------------------- x -------------------- = 3.99 moles Al₂O₃
101.96 grams
Answer the question 100 POINTS!!
Answer:
12.979 m:L (3 d.p.)
Explanation:
Combined Gas Law
[tex]\sf \dfrac{P_1V_1}{T_1}=\dfrac{P_2V_2}{T_2}[/tex]
Temperature must be in kelvins (K).
To convert Celsius to kelvins, add 273.15.
Volume can be in any unit.
Given values:
P₁ = 0.837 atmV₁ = 17.5 mLT₁ = 48°C = 48 + 273.15 = 321.15 KP₂ = 0.995V₂ = T₂ = 10°C = 10 + 273.15 = 283.15 KRearrange the equation to isolate V₂:
[tex]\implies \sf V_2=\dfrac{P_1V_1T_2}{P_2T_1}[/tex]
Substitute the given values into the equation:
[tex]\implies \sf V_2=\dfrac{0.837 \cdot 17.5 \cdot 283.15}{0.995 \cdot 321.15}[/tex]
[tex]\implies \sf V_2=12.979\:mL\:(3\:d.p.)[/tex]
Therefore, the volume at 10°C will be 12.979 mL (3 d.p.).
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Temperatures
T1=273.+48=321KT2=273+10=283KApply combined gas law
[tex]\\ \rm\dashrightarrow \dfrac{P1V1}{T1}=\dfrac{P2V2}{T2}[/tex]
[tex]\\ \rm\dashrightarrow V2=\dfrac{P1V1T2}{P2T1}[/tex]
[tex]\\ \rm\dashrightarrow V2=\dfrac{0.837(17.5)(283)}{0.995(321)}[/tex]
[tex]\\ \rm\dashrightarrow V2=12.978mL[/tex]
[tex]\\ \rm\dashrightarrow V2=12.98mL[/tex]
PLEASE HELP!!!! WILL MARK BRAINLIEST!!!! A rigid steel container with a volume of 30 L is filled with oxygen to a pressure of 9.00 atm at 28.0 °C. What is the pressure in the container if the temperature is raised to 129.0 °C?
Answer:
12 atm
Explanation:
First, let us convert Celcius into Kelvin: 28.0 °C = 301.15 K and 129.0 °C = 402.15 K
For this question we must employ the Combined Gas Law: [tex]\frac{P_1V_1}{P_2V_2}=\frac{n_1RT_1}{n_2RT_2}[/tex], where [tex]P_1[/tex] is the initial pressure and [tex]P_2[/tex] is the new pressure.
We know that intitially, P=9 atm, V=30 L, and T=301.15K. From our problem, only temperature and pressure changes, while the number of moles, volume and the gas constant, R, stay the same, so they are irrelevant.
Thus, the filled out Combined Gas Law would be:
[tex]\frac{9 atm}{P_2}[/tex]=[tex]\frac{301.15K}{402.15K}[/tex], where the volume, moles of gas, and R are cancelled out.
We can manipulate this equation to derive the new pressure. We find that
9atm≈0.74885[tex]P_2[/tex].
This means that
[tex]P_2[/tex]≈9/0.74885≈12 atm
Which of these stem-related careers generally uses the most advanced math?
How does colour affect temperature? Provide reasons and must be a few sentences.
Answer:
The more light an object absorbs, the more it heats up when it is exposed to light, which is why dark things get hot more quickly than light things if left out in the sun.
Question 6 of 10
Which two reactions are faster than the others?
A. Iron metal reacts with oxygen in air to form rust.
B. Black powder in fireworks burns explosively to produce gases
and white light
c. Lead nitrate and potassium iodide react to form a yellow
precipitate.
D. Silver tarnishes in air that contains hydrogen sulfide.
Answer:The answer is B and CCC
Explanation:
Out of the given chemical changes, the two reactions which are faster are those mentioned in B and C as formation of rust and tarnishing of silver are slow reactions.
What are chemical changes?Chemical changes are defined as changes which occur when a substance combines with another substance to form a new substance.Alternatively, when a substance breaks down or decomposes to give new substances it is also considered to be a chemical change.
There are several characteristics of chemical changes like change in color, change in state , change in odor and change in composition . During chemical change there is also formation of precipitate an insoluble mass of substance or even evolution of gases.
There are three types of chemical changes:
1) inorganic changes
2)organic changes
3) biochemical changes
During chemical changes atoms are rearranged and changes are accompanied by an energy change as new substances are formed.
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The volume of a gas at 5.0 atm is 3.5 L. What is the volume of the gas at 7.0 atm at the same temperature?
025L
O5.0 L
O10. L
O 12L
Answer:
10 L
Explanation:
Boyle's Law
states that the pressure exerted by a gas (of a given mass, kept at a constant temperature) is inversely proportional to the volume occupied by itP ∝ [tex]\frac{1}{V}[/tex]P₁V₁ = P₂V₂Our values
P₁ = 5 atmV₁ = 3.5 LP₂ = 7 atmUsing the equation
5 x 3.5 = 7 x V₂V₂ = [tex]\frac{35}{3.5}[/tex]V₂ = 10 LAnswer:
0.25L
Explanation:
A 6.7 L sample of a gas has a mass of 7.9 g at Standard temperature and pressure. What is the molar mass of the gas?
Round your answer to 2 decimal spaces.
You don't even have to tell me the answer just like an equation or an EXPLANATION!!!!
The molar mass of gas sample whose mass is 7.9g at Standard temperature and pressure is 26.4 g/mol.
How do we calculate molar mass?Molar mass of any substance will be calculated by using the below equation:
M = W/n, where
M = molar mass
W = given mass
n = moles
First we calculate the moles of gas by using the ideal gas equation:
PV = nRT, where
P = standard pressure = 1 atm
V = volume = 6.7 L
n = moles of gas?
R = universal gas constant = 0.082 L.atm/K.mol
T = absolute temperature = 273K
On putting values, we get
n = (1)(6.7) / (0.082)(273)
n = 0.299 moles
Now we get the molar mass of gas by putting values on the first equation, we get
M = 7.9g / 0.299mol = 26.4 g/mol
Hence molar mass of given gas is 26.4 g/mol.
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Of the following substances, which one will heat up the FASTEST?
Ammonia (4.70 J/g°C)
Aluminum (0.90 J/gºC)
Gold (0.13 J/gºC)
Ethylene glycol (2.42 J/g°C)
A. Ethylene glycol
B. Aluminum
C. Ammonia
D. Gold