In the red bone marrow of bones, red blood cells are created. Hemocytoblasts are the name for the stem cells found in red bone marrow. All of the blood's formed constituents are produced by them.
From the common lymphoid progenitor, which immune cells are derived?Common lymphoid progenitor (CLP) cells in the bone marrow give rise to treg cells, which then migrate through the bloodstream to the thymus. Specialized microenvironments are necessary for cellular development. These cells hunt for the autoreactive T cells that have evaded the thymic process of negative selection.
A single type of cell known as a pluripotent cell is the source of all blood cells (also known as a hematopoetic stem cell or a hemocytoblast). Different cell lineages can arise from pluripotent cells.
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SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY. Design a controlled experiment to test the hypothesis that water acidification caused by acidic rain would inhibit the growth of Elodea, a freshwater plant (see Figure 2.17).
To design an efficient controlled experiment, two Elodea plants are used, where one is flooded with acid rain and the other with freshwater, which is serving as the control.
What is a controlled experiment?A controlled experiment is the type of experiment that is used to check the effectiveness of a stated hypothesis by monitoring the change of some variables while others remain constant.
A typical example of a controlled experiment is testing of the hypothesis that water acidification caused by acidic rain would inhibit the growth of Elodea, a freshwater plant .
A water plant of Elodea (sample A) is kept under the sun with constant watering for 2 week while another plant of Elodea (sample B) is kept under the sun with constant watering of the plant with acid rain water.
After two weeks of careful observation, the leaves of the Elodea plant (sample A) undergoes some discoloration ( yellow and brown). While sample B remains normal.
This is because acid rain removes minerals and nutrients from the soil that the plant needs to grow.
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Are the organelles that digest and dispose of worn-out mitochondria and other organelles by a process called autophagy.
Lysosomes are the organelles that digest and dispose of worn-out mitochondria and other organelles by a process called autophagy.
We can describe lysosomes as membrane-bound organelles that have digestive enzymes present in them. It is due to these digestive enzymes, that the lysosomes are actively involved in the digestion of worn-out organelles.
Autophagy is the process by which a cell has the potential to digest and dispose of its own damaged parts. The cells of the body are recycled through the process of autophagy.
The process of self-digestion i.e autophagy occurs in the lysosomes of a eukaryotic cell.
Various types of hydrolytic enzymes are present in the lysosomes so that any type of organelles can be digested in the lysosomes.
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Creates a barrier between the inside of the cell and the outside of the cell
Answer:
Cell wall
Explanation:
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Answer:
The barrier between the outside of the cell and the inside of the cell is called plasma membrane.
Explanation:
fecal microbiota transplantation in patients with blood disorders inhibits gut colonization with antibiotic-resistant bacteria: results of a prospective, single-center study
We proposed a method called fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for the elimination of ARB in people.
What is fecal microbiota transplantation?The infusion of a solution of fecal matter from a donor into the intestinal tract of a recipient is known as a fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), which aims to directly alter the recipient's gut microbial composition and provide health benefits. The treatment of recurrent Clostridium difficile infection with FMT has been proven effective. There are early signs that it may potentially have therapeutic potential for other illnesses such obesity, metabolic syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and functional gastrointestinal disorders.
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How does processing of sensory information sent to the vertebrate brain in vision differ from that in hearing or olfaction?
Only the route taken by the action potentials allows the brain to differentiate between stimuli like sight and sound.
A vertebrate brain is what?The central nervous system's primary component is the brain of the vertebrate. The brain is located in the head, at the front, in vertebrates (and most other animals). The skull protects it, and the primary senses including vision, hearing, balance, taste, as well as smells, are nearby.
What use does a vertebrate's brain serve?Introduction. The complex organ known as the vertebrate brain is comprised of neurons and a few other cell types, and also its function is to process information for use in inducing behavior.
What components make up a vertebrate's brain?The hindbrain, midbrain, as well as forebrain, are the three principal divisions of the vertebrate brain. Humans' midbrain and hindbrain share many characteristics with lower animals in terms of both their anatomy and function.
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A scientist tests a small section of a carrot root to determine which molecules were
present. The basic results showed that the molecules contained carbon, hydrogen
and oxygen, with some arranged in a ringed pattern, providing structure and energy
to the root. What inference can be made from this data?
The molecules are a type of carbohydrate
The carrot root is mainly composed of proteins
The carrot contains some type of sugar
Both A and C are correct
Both A and C are correct.
Each cell in a plant is enclosed by the cell wall, an intricate extracellular matrix. In 1663, Robert Hooke became the first person to distinguish between and name different types of cells thanks to the thick cell walls of cork, which were visible under a crude microscope. The extracellular matrix created by animal cells is typically thinner, weaker, and—most importantly—less rigid than the walls of nearby plant cells, which are cemented together to form the entire plant. Early plant cells gave up their ability to crawl and embraced a sedentary lifestyle by developing rather solid walls that can be up to many micrometers thick. This lifestyle has survived in all current plants.
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PLEASE HELP!!
What can happen to an enzyme that will cause it to no longer function properly?
Answer:
Extreme temperatures can cause an enzyme to lose its shape (denature) and stop working.
Explanation:
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A mutation that has no effect on the amino acid associated with the resulting codon is known as a:__________
a. point mutation
b. nonsense mutation
c. silent mutation
d. missense mutation
The correct option is B: nonsense mutation
A mutation that has no effect on the amino acid associated with the resulting codon is known as a non-sense mutation.
A nonsense mutation is a condition in which a point mutation occurs in DNA giving rise to a stop codon condition rather than a codon.
As a result of this procedure, a non-functional product of proteins is manufactured.
in other words, it refers to genetic alterations that terminate protein synthesis.
The protein with altered structure becomes completely or partially inactivated and this results in dysfunction of proteins.
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Which object would have the slowest speed at terminal velocity?(1 point)
a 50-kilogram block with a large parachute
a 50-kilogram block with a large parachute
a 50-kilogram block with no parachute
a 50-kilogram block with no parachute
a 10-kilogram block with no parachute
a 10-kilogram block with no parachute
a 10-kilogram block with a small parachute
The object that would have the slowest speed at terminal velocity is 50-kilogram block with a large parachute. That is option A.
What is terminal velocity?Terminal velocity is defined as the velocity that is attained by an object when it's air resistance is equal to the force of its acceleration.
Terminal velocity can also be defined as the highest speed an object can attain when it falls through the air.
The factors that affect terminal velocity include the following:
its mass. its surface area, and the acceleration due to gravity , g.The mass of an object is directly proportional to its terminal velocity as it fall but with the exception of presence of resistance force.
Therefore, the mass of 50kg would have the slowest speed at terminal velocity because of the resistant force attached to it being the parachute.
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(c) On a moonlit night, would a dark brown mouse be more likely to escape predation by owls on dark-or light-colored soil? Explain your answer.
On a moonlit night, would a dark brown mouse be more likely to escape predation by owl because a dark brown mouse is less likely to visible to the eye of the owl.
Give an example of what predatory behavior is.Predation is an encounter between two organisms in which the stronger, or prey, organism is killed and eaten. An organic method of moving the energy fixed by plants to higher trophic levels is through predation. Snake devouring a frog and tiger hunting and eating a deer are two examples.
A dark brown mouse is is more likely to escape predation under a full moon on a dark colored soil most likely because it is less visible to the eye of the owl.
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Like rods, cone cells are depolarized when their opsin molecules are inactive. In the case of a cone, why might it be misleading to call this a dark response?
The most responsive of the three different types of cones to various light wavelengths. When light is present, a cone may become entirely depolarized if the sunlight is of a wavelength that is not optimal.
What do the eye's rods and cones do?Rods are in charge of seeing in dimly lit environments (scotopic vision). They have poor spatial acuity and do not integrate color vision. Cones are responsible for color vision, high spatial acuity, and activity under higher light levels (photopic vision).
In the eye, how many rods are there?The total number of rods inside the human retina (91 million) is significantly higher than the total number of cones, despite the fact human perception of average daytime ambient light is dominated by cone-mediated vision (roughly 4.5 million). As a result, over the majority of the retina, rod density is substantially higher than cone density.
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Food webs assignment:how do organisms get the energy they need to live in their environment?
Which part of the atom has a negative charge and found outside of the nucleus
Answer:
Electrons!
Explanation:
=D
If you had additional hearts distributed throughout your body, what would be one likely advantage and one likely disadvantage?
Heart distribution throughout the live body has the benefit of increasing blood flow from the legs. The drawback is the difficulty in maintaining synchronisation for cardiac action.
What is the average flow route of blood through the circulatory system?Systemic circulation transports oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the capillaries in the body's tissues through the arteries. Deoxygenated blood returns to the right atrium of the heart through a vein system from the tissue capillaries.
Systemic circulation is a higher pressure system than pulmonary circulation because systemic circulation must drive bigger amounts of blood through the body than pulmonary circulation.
The pulmonary veins convey blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart in the pulmonary circuit. Because it was recently oxygenated in the lungs, this blood has a high oxygen concentration.
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Is it possible for completely opposite adaptations to be most advantageous in different situations/for different species? use the tortoise and the hare as an example (scientifically).
Yes it is possible for completely opposite adaptations to be most advantageous in different situations/for different species. The ability to run fast is advantageous for hare, as it will be able to run away from the danger. And the shell of the tortoise is advantageous as it can hide inside upon sensing unfavorable conditions.
Adaptations are the changes that an organism does upon itself to survive better in its surroundings. An adaptation is considered successful, if the organism is able to reproduce efficiently along with it.
Adaptations differ from one species to another and from one geographical area to another, even among the same species. Both plants and animals can undergo adaptations.
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________ is viewed as a major cause of aneuploidy. colchicine treatment nondisjunction segmental deletions x-ray mutations heat treatment.
Nondisjunction is viewed as a major cause of aneuploidy.
Nondisjunction is a major cause of aneuploidy, which can lead to serious health problems. This occurs when chromosomes fail to separate during cell division, resulting in cells with an abnormal number of chromosomes..
Aneuploidy is a major cause of birth defects and intellectual disability, and can also cause miscarriages. Nondisjunction is responsible for 95% of Down syndrome cases, and can also cause Edwards syndrome and Patau syndrome.
There are a number of factors that can increase the risk of nondisjunction, including advanced maternal age, certain genetic disorders, and exposure to certain chemicals or radiation. However, in many cases, the cause is unknown.
If you are pregnant and have a family history of aneuploidy, you may want to speak to your doctor about genetic counseling and testing.
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It is difficult for molecules to pass through the phospholipid bilayer because.
Answer:
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Explanation:
Large polar or ionic molecules, which are hydrophilic, cannot easily cross the phospholipid bilayer.
How did the structure of the yogurt bacteria and the cells of the onion membrane differ?
Answer:
Bacterias are the most primitive organisms known to us. They are the prokaryotic cells. They do not have organelles bounded with membranes as they do not have a complex body. They even lack membrane around the nucleus. Onion cell is a eukaryotic cell with well-defined membranes around the organelles.
Explanation:
how is the temporalis muscle different in humans and in apes? a. the temporalis muscle is oriented vertically in humans and horizontally in apes. b. the temporalis muscle provides better crushing ability in apes but not in humans. c. the temporalis muscle enables better slicing motions in humans but not in apes. d. the temporalis muscle is more highly developed in humans.
The temporalis muscle is oriented vertically in humans and the horizontally in apes. The temporalis muscle, commonly referred to as the temporal muscle, is one of the mastication muscles in anatomy. The temporal fossa on each side of the head is filled with a large.
Fan-shaped convergent muscle that is superior to the zygomatic arch and so covers much of the temporal bone. The temporal refers to the temples of the head. The deep section of the temporal fascia and the temporal fossa are the sources of the temporalis muscle in humans. This area of attachment is the extremely broad.
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Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus. However, they do have an area within the cell where their DNA is located. What do we call this area of a prokaryotic cell?
A: Nucleoid
B: Mitochandria
Answer: nucleoid
Explanation:
What role does the zone of polarizing activity (ZPA) play in limb pattern formation in vertebrates?
The zone of polarized activity (ZPA) is a region of mesenchyme that contains signals that direct the formation of developing limb buds along the anterior/posterior axis.
The limb bud is an undifferentiated mesenchyme surrounded by an ectodermal sheath. Eventually, limb buds develop into bones, tendons, muscles, and joints. Limb bud development depends not only on the ZPA, but also on many different genes, signals and a unique region of the ectoderm called the apical ectodermal crest (AER). A 1948 study by Saunders and Gasseling confirmed its involvement in AER and subsequent proximal-distal growth. Twenty years later, the same group conducted a chicken limb transplant study and identified ZPA.
It was in 1993 that Todt and Fallon showed that AER and ZPA were interdependent.
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In a paragraph, describe how the atmosphere, biosphere, geosphere, and hydrosphere all interact to make up the planet we inhabit.
The atmosphere of Earth or air is the layer of gases retained by Earth's gravity that surrounds the planet and forms its planetary atmosphere.
In a paragraph, describe how the atmosphere, biosphere, geosphere, and hydrosphere all interact to make up the planet we inhabit?
First of all we all know that the reservoirs of water has been present on the earth in the form of lakes, ponds, oceans, seas,and streams which is present in our atmosphere. The biosphere receives the water with the help of sunlight by the process of evaporation. Through the evaporation the water goes to the clouds and the clouds absorbed that water. When the water is collected by the clouds, then through the process of raining the water again goes to the reservoirs which forms the hydrosphere. The living organisms take the water from the hydrosphere which they used for the survival of their lives. They used for drinking, cooking, bathing, washings and for many other purposes.
The above all components combined together and makes the life possible on earth.
So we can conclude that: The atmosphere of Earth or air is the layer of gases retained by Earth's gravity that surrounds the planet and forms its planetary atmosphere.
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the lymphatic system is a closed circuit system that carries lymph and interstitial fluid to all organs of the body and can facilitate the spread of disease throughout the body.
The statement 'the lymphatic system is a closed system that carries lymph and interstitial fluid to all organs and facilitate the spread of disease throughout the body' is TRUE.
What is the lymphatic system?The lymphatic system is an organ system composed of different structures and organs which include bone marrow, thymus, lymphatic vessels. etc.
This organ system is responsible for the production and processing of the different types of plasma white cells (lymphocytes) that act during immune responses.
In conclusion, the statement 'the lymphatic system is a closed circuit system that carries lymph and interstitial fluid to all organs of the body and can facilitate the spread of disease throughout the body' is TRUE.
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If an average body contains about 11 pints of blood, how many grams of glucose are present in the blood?
Answer: 4.9 grams
In a normal person, the level of glucose is about 85 mg/100 mL of blood (454 grams = pound; 2 pints = 1 quart)
There are approximately 0.4136 grams of glucose present in the blood.
Calculating the number of grams of glucose present requires knowing the blood glucose concentration. The milligram per deciliter (mg/dL) unit of measurement for blood glucose concentration.
Most people usually have fasting blood glucose levels between 70 and 99 mg/dL. Let's base this calculation on an average of 80 mg/dL. Now, we'll multiply the concentration (80 mg/dL) by the total volume of blood (11 quarts) and convert the result to grams to determine the total amount of glucose in the blood.
We first need to convert pints to deciliters (dl):
1 pint ≈ 0.473176473 deciliters (approximately 0.47 dL)
So, 11 pints ≈ 11 * 0.47 ≈ 5.17 deciliters (approximately 5.17 dL)
Calculating the total amount of glucose in the blood:
Glucose in blood = Concentration of glucose * Volume of blood
Glucose in blood = 80 mg/dL * 5.17 dL ≈ 413.6 mg
now, we convert mg into gram:
1 gram = 1000 milligrams (mg)
Glucose in blood ≈ 413.6 mg ÷ 1000 ≈ 0.4136 grams
Therefore, there are approximately 0.4136 grams of glucose present in the blood.
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Compare and contrast the nutritional mode of a fungus with your own nutritional mode.
Answer:
-Fungi and humans are both heterotrophs.
-Most fungi digest their food externally by secreting enzymes into the food and then absorbing the small molecules that result from digestion.
-In contrast, humans digest internally, within our bodies.
(b) What combination of independent variables led to the highest predation level in enclosures with dark-colored soil?
What combination of independent variables led to the highest predation level in enclosures with dark-colored soil?
a) dark brown coat with no moon
b) dark brown coat with full moon
c) light brown coat with full moon
d) light brown coat with no moon
The correct option is option c)
What is mouse models with camouflage coloration?
This model simulates natural selection and adaptation in rock pocket mouse populations found primarily in rock outcrops in the deserts of the southwestern United States and Mexico. This model is based on a lesson plan designed by the [Howard Hughes Medical Institute]
The model simulates changes in coat color in a population of rock pocket mice due to predation. Mice that cannot camouflage have a higher chance of being predatory when predators are present. Users can examine how a population evolves through natural selection under different environmental conditions.
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In addition to the changes within each year, what changes in CO₂ concentration occurred between 1990 and 2010 ? Calculate the average CO₂ concentration for the 12 months of each year. By what percentage did this average change from 1990 to 2000 and from 1990 to 2010 ?
The average CO2 concentration increased by 10.0% between 1990 and 2010 from 354.5 ppm to 389.8 ppm. In actuality, since 1960, the average CO2 concentration has been continuously rising.
Global climate change is mostly caused by carbon dioxide emissions. It is commonly acknowledged that the world needs to reduce emissions quickly if it wants to avoid the worst effects of climate change. However, the division of this responsibility among nations, regions, and people has long been a source of dispute in international talks.
Emissions before the Industrial Revolution were very low. Emissions growth remained comparatively slow until the middle of the 20th century. The globe released 6 billion tonnes of CO2 in 1950. This amount nearly doubled by 1990, topping out at over 22 billion tonnes. The rate of growth in emissions has persisted, and we currently emit more than 34 billion tonnes annually.
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What statement is correct about the polarity of a water molecule?
A) Both oxygen and hydrogen ends have partial negative charges.
B) Both oxygen and hydrogen ends have partial positive charges.
C) The oxygen side has a partial negative charge and the hydrogen ends have partial positive charges.
D) The oxygen side has a partial positive charge and the hydrogen ends have partial negative charges.
Answer:
C) The oxygen side has a partial negative charge and the hydrogen ends have partial positive charges.
Acorn woodpeckers (Melanerpes formicivorus) stash acorns in storage holes they drill in trees. When these woodpeckers breed, the offspring from previous years often help with parental duties. Activities of these nonbreeding helpers include incubating eggs and defending stashed acorns. What are some questions about the proximate and ultimate causation of these behaviors that a behavioral biologist might ask?
The inquiries that quickly provide solutions for the organism's behaviors are referred to as proximate behavioral causes.
The following are the most pressing concerns about acorn woodpecker behavior:
What time does the helper bird transition to the breeding bird exactly?Why is there a connection between the population using helps and the sex ratio?What conditions make it possible for the helper to join the breeding population?Is kin selection a factor in helper transition?What kind of learning influences the actions of helpers?Why is there a correlation between bird density and acorn availability in a population?What obligations do helpers have in cooperative behavior?Helpers' involvement with the breeding population has what purpose?Learn more about the animal behaviour with the help of the given link:
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Suppose global air circulation suddenly reversed, with most air ascending at 30� north and south latitude and descending at the equator. At what latitude would you most likely find deserts in this scenario?
Deserts would be more likely to exist along the equator because dry air would drop there as opposed to at 30 degrees north and south latitude (where deserts already exist).
The idea of a biome organizes extensive ecological variation. Terrestrial biomes are defined chiefly by the type of plant that predominates in them, which is mostly influenced by temperature and precipitation. Around the world, deserts are often found in a range between 15 and 30 degrees N and S latitude. They occupy roughly 26-35% of the Earth's land area. Low precipitation, often below 250 mm yr-1, dominates the climate of deserts. Hot deserts, cold deserts, high elevation deserts, and rain shadow deserts are just a few of the many different types of deserts. As a result, the biodiversity, productivity, and organisms found in various types of deserts vary greatly.Learn more about the biomes with the help of the given link:
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