One of the opponents of the movie monster Godzilla is Mothra, a giant mothlike creature with a wingspan of several dozen meters. The largest known insects were Paleozoic dragonflies with half-meter wingspans. Focusing on respiration and gas exchange, explain why giant insects are improbable.
The main reasons why giant insects are improbable is because Insects have a tracheal system for gas exchange.
With this in mind, the tracheal system has to do with the respiratory system in which oxygen and carbon dioxide move primarily through air-filled tubes called tracheae and allows the insect to breathe.
As a result of this, giant insects are improbable because when the insect grows bigger, the tracheal system becomes longer and would take a long time to get to the central tissues and when this happens, the insect dies.
What is an Insect?This refers to the small arthropod animal that has six legs and generally one or two pairs of wings.
Hence, we can see that The main reason why giant insects are improbable is that Insects have a tracheal system for gas exchange.
With this in mind, the tracheal system has to do with the respiratory system in which oxygen and carbon dioxide move primarily through air-filled tubes called tracheae and allows the insect to breathe.
As a result of this, giant insects are improbable because when the insect grows bigger, the tracheal system becomes longer and would take a long time to get to the central tissues and when this happens, the insect dies.
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Bacteria as a group are incredibly metabolically diverse, but individual species are often highly specialized to reduce competition in their natural environment. This results in these species being unculturable because.
Bacterial species are unculturable because their growth may depend on necessary growth factors provided by other organisms in their natural environment.
Bacterial culture is a method to allow growth or proliferation of bacteria on a culture medium under controlled laboratory conditions. Bacterial species are metabolically diverse but some of the species are highly specialized to reduce competition with other species in the environment. They can be cultured under in-vitro conditions. The two types of culture media include complete media and minimal media. Complete media provides all the nutrients and conditions required for bacterial growth while minimal media provides only the certain conditions.
Bacteria generally grow naturally in favourable conditions provided by the environment. In-vitro culturing of bacteria may not allow it to grow because of unfavourable conditions. Some reasons behind bacteria being unculturable include: the culture medium does not provide the essential nutrients, the culture medium is toxic to the bacterial growth, or some bacteria in the culture produces some substances that inhibits the growth of the target bacteria.
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not answered question workspace check my work which letter indicates the area of the spinal cord that contains myelinated tracts?
Letter 'E' indicates the area of the spinal cord that contains myelinated tracts.
Bundles of myelinated pathways comprise the white matter of the spinal cord.
The deeper brain structures, known as the subcortical layer, include white matter. It has axons, which are the nerve cells' neurons' extensions—nerve fibers. The letter A denotes the thalamus. Many of these nerve fibers are protected by a type of sheath or coating known as myelin. remember that the left and right halves of the thalamus are involved. Areas of the substantial apprehensive device CNS that are specifically made from myelinated axons, also referred to as tracts, are said to as having a white count number. The dorsal or posterior lateral, and ventral or anterior columns of the spinal wire, each of which comprises axon tracts associated to specific capabilities, are subdivided into the white count of the spinal wire. Somatic mechanoreceptors in the dorsal columns transmit ascending sensory information.To learn more about spinal cord visit:
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In the enzyme reactions, you mixed the enzyme catalase and the substrate hydrogen peroxide to see if bubbles formed. when you replaced catalase with water no bubbles formed. what does this suggest?
In the enzyme reactions, you mixed the enzyme catalase and the substrate hydrogen peroxide to see if bubbles formed. when you replaced catalase with water no bubbles formed. This suggests that no gas is releasing that was being released during the presence of catalase.
Catalase is an enzyme involved in the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide acts as a substrate and its breakdown by the enzyme forms water and oxygen gas. Thus, the bubbles formed are of oxygen gas. Hence when the enzyme is replaced by water, no breakdown occurs and no oxygen is released.
Hydrogen peroxide is a highly instable compound. It occurs in liquid form. It is a very efficient germ cleaner and its application are as an antiseptic, cleaner, disinfectant, etc.
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Among the human autosomes, there are 3 viable trisomy conditions, all with developmental problems, but no viable monosomy conditions. this is because?
Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome), Trisomy 18 (Edwards syndrome), and Trisomy 13 (Patau syndrome) are the most prevalent autosomal trisomy types in people who survive to delivery.
With the exception of the Y chromosome, chromosome 21 has the fewest projected protein-coding sequences of any human chromosome, making trisomy 21 the only viable autosomal trisomy. The most prevalent types of trisomy are Down syndrome, Edward syndrome, and Patau syndrome. Trisomy frequently results in a variety of birth defects in children, including intellectual impairments and delayed development. If you have an additional set of a chromosome, trisomy diseases develop. When one duplicate of a chromosome is absent, you have monosomy.
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What is the term used to refer to the type of anthropology that focuses on the study of ancient human ancestors?
The term used to refer to the type of anthropology that focuses on the study of ancient human ancestors is paleoanthropology.
We can simply describe anthropology as a branch of science that focuses on every aspect of humanity. Anthropology includes the study of human ancestors, the particular behaviors of humans, social cultures and norms, etc.
We can describe paleoanthropology as a branch of anthropology that focuses on the evolution of humans. Paleoanthropology deals with studying human ancestors through pieces of evidence such as fossil records. Under paleoanthropology, only those taxa are studies through which humans are known to have evolved. All the extinct primates, the evolution of which, gave rise to today's human are studied under this branch of anthropology.
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In ______ a teacher and a special educator plan and deliver instruction together to a heterogeneous group of students.
In cooperative teaching a teacher and a special educator plan and deliver instruction together to a heterogeneous group of students.
What is cooperative teaching?
Cooperative learning is a method of education that aims to structure classroom activities into academic and social learning experiences. It involves much more than simply putting students in groups and has been called "structuring positive interdependence". Students must cooperate to complete tasks in groups in order to achieve academic objectives. Students learning cooperatively can benefit from one another's resources and skills (asking one another for information, evaluating one another's ideas, monitoring one another's work, etc.) in contrast to individual learning, which can be competitive in nature. Additionally, the teacher's role shifts from providing information to facilitating students' learning.
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flow micro fluorometric analysis of nuclear dna in cells from solid tumors and cell suspensions a new method for rapid isolation and staining of nuclei
Answer:
D
Explanation:
_____, a natural constituent of blood, acts as an antithrombin and prevents clots from forming in vessels.
According to the research, the correct option is Heparin. It is a natural constituent of blood, acts as an antithrombin and prevents clots from forming in vessels.
What is Heparin?It is a natural anticoagulant or natural mucopolysaccharide, which inhibits the coagulation process, enhancing the effect of antithrombin-III, which is produced by basophils and mast cells found in the lungs and liver.
In this sense, it works by preventing thrombi from appearing in blood vessels, it can also be supplied exogenously as an anticoagulant in this setting, heparin is injected into the blood to prevent clots or thrombi from forming.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, the correct option is Heparin. It is a natural constituent of blood, acts as an antithrombin and prevents clots from forming in vessels.
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Each blue sphere in the figure below represents a cell in a cell lineage. Draw two modified versions of the cell lineage so that each version produces three cells. Use apoptosis in one of the versions, marking any dead cells with an X .
The cell lineage shown in the example shows that one cell divides into two, and each of these produces two further cells. Following is what would happen if a change in the cell lineage caused three cells to be produced from one cell:
Two distinct lineages are created from a single branch thanks to the descent of a single cell, and a third cell type descends straight from the original cell type.
One cell divides in a way that produces two cells, and each of these two cells creates two new cell lineages. One of a cell type's two lineages has died as a result of apoptosis. As a result, a single cell can produce a total of three distinct new cell types.
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The table above shows the data collected during an experiment about plant height. Make a claim about whether this is a controlled experiment. Cite evidence to support the claim and explain your reasoning.
This is a controlled experiment, which controlled important factors for plant growth, because according to the data, the greater the availability of water and fertilizer, the greater the plant's development.
What are the basic elements of a controlled experiment?In a scientific experiment, a controlled experiment is one in which two groups (two samples) are compared to test a hypothesis: the control group (also called the test or witness group) and the experimental group.
With this information, we can conclude that Fertilizers are any type of substance applied to the soil or plant tissues to fix one or more nutrients essential for plant growth. Generally, they are applied in agriculture with the aim of improving crop production and preserving food for a longer time.
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Please help me. :)
3. what is the independent variable : is the one that is being chanted, which is the baking powder,
what is the Dependent variable: is the variable affected by the change, which is if the cookies will rise more
2 things that must remain constant for this experiment, is the temperature of the room, and the baking powder (you could make these up, for example you could say they have to be made in the same environment,)
4. write a hypothesis for this experiment
if.....
then.....
because.......
The hypothesis must reflect the relationship between the independent and the dependent variables. If a higher amount of baking powder is used to make the cookies, they will rise more because more carbon dioxyde is released.
What are the variables involved in an experiment?Independent variableThis is the one the researcher changes to observe how this change affects the response of another variable.
Dependent variableThis is the variable that is affected by any change in the independent one. The dependent variable will respond by showing a change in its state.
Controlled variablesThese are all the remaining variables in an experiment that must be kept under control to avoid a potential effect on the results. Usually, there are several controlled variables and the researcher must keep them stable so they can not influence the dependent variable.
What is a hypothesis?The hypothesis is a prediction about what the researcher thinks might be going on or expects to occur.
It is a claim in which the researcher states a direct and clear relationship between the dependent and the independent variables.
Usually this relationship is a cause and consequence effect, so the way it is usually written is as follows,
"If.... (independent variable), then .... (dependent variable response)"
To answer the question, since I do not have a background, I will assume the following, (note: I advise you check if this assumption is correct with your problem statement)
The goal of the experiment is to see if the amount of baking powder used to make cookies will make them rise more.
Treatment groups: two cookie masses using two different baking powder quantities.
Control group: one cookie mass using no baking powder.
The same amount of water and the same amount and type of flour was used to prepare the three masses.
Treatment groups were exposed to the same type of baking powder.
The three masses were placed in a room under the same temperature.
Variables,
Independent variable ⇒ amount of baking powder (amount nº 1 and nº 2)Dependent variable ⇒ cookies rising Controlled variable ⇒ room temperature, water amount, flour amount and type, baking powder type, etcetera.Hypothesis: Here I propose two possible hypothesis with the same idea.
1)
If a higher amount of baking powder is used to make the cookies, they will rise more because more carbon dioxyde is released.
2)
If amount nº 2 of baking powder is used to make the cookies, they will rise more than using amount nº 1 because there is more powder acting on the mass.
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When researchers allowed normal cortical rotation to occur, and then forced the opposite rotation, the result was a twoheaded embryo. How might you explain this finding, thinking about how cortical rotation influences body axis formation?
Segregation of cortical turns and maternal gene products in cleavage-stage embryos.
A. Direction of early cell division. The first level of cleavage is determined by the sperm entry point (SEP) and the vegetative axis (A-V). The second split is orthogonal to the first but still includes the AV axis. The dorsal blastomere is defined in the hemisphere opposite the SEP. The third section is slightly above the equator. Replacement of the maternal gene product. Eggs contain nutritionally localized maternal gene products. At fertilization, a microtubule network is established and the outer layer or cortex of the unicellular embryo rotates to push the cortical regions of the plant away from her SEP. Maternal gene products migrate to the dorsal hemisphere presumably by motility or vesicular transport with the cortex and are further segregated by subsequent cell division. Oocyte polarity and embryo patterning are well-established hallmarks of development in lower species. Whether a similar form of prestructuring exists in mammals is currently the subject of intense debate in mice. This study examined this issue in sheep for the first time as a large mammalian model. Microsurgical trisection of her unfertilized MII oocyte revealed
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Dna is often described as having a shape like a spiral staircase. consider the photos. which of the spiral staircases in the photos is the better analogous representation of a dna molecule?
Staircase with rail on both sides is the better analogous representation of a dna molecule.
What is the term for the DNA molecule's spiral shape?In terms of genomics, the structure of DNA is referred to as a "double helix." Two interwoven strands that spiral around one another to resemble a twisted ladder in a helix-like structure make up a DNA molecule. The backbone of each strand is made up of alternating deoxyribose and phosphate groups.Deoxyribose and phosphate groups alternately form the backbone of each strand. Each of the four bases—adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (G)—is related to one of the sugars (T). Adenine and thymine establish a chemical link with cytosine and guanine, respectively, to join the two strands.Learn more about the DNA Structure with the help of the given link:
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According to the principle of competitive exclusion, two species cannot continue to occupy the same _____. see concept 54.1 (page)
According to the principle of competitive exclusion, two species cannot continue to occupy the same ecological niche.
The aggressive exclusion principle tells us that species can't have precisely the equal location of interest in habitat and stably coexist. this is due to the fact species with the same niches moreover have the equal needs, this means that that they might compete for precisely same assets.
The competitive exclusion principle states that no species can coexist if they occupy the same niche and compete for the identical belongings. The principle of aggressive exclusion states that once species are competing for same resources one species may be higher suitable to the place of hobby, and the alternative species is probably driven into a few other niche or turn out to be extinct.
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what happens in convergent evolution? two distantly related species independently develop similar traits. separate species develop from a single ancestral species. species have similar traits that they inherited from a common ancestor. different species unite into a single species by interbreeding.
Convergent evolution Two distantly related species acquire similar traits independently is correct answer
Convergent evolution in evolutionary biology is the evolution where two species that are not related to each other but developed similar traits independently due to having same ecological niche and environmental conditions. For example, wings of insect and birds.
Convergent evolution is When species have very different characteristics, but share a common ancestor. Similar structure, different function.
Small changes observed in a population across a geographical range that matches the concept of gradual divergence that, over time could lead to the formation of a new species is known as Continuous variation
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______ are concentrated primarily outside of the neuron, in the extracellular fluid, which contributes to the negative resting membrane potential of neurons.
Chloride ions are concentrated primarily outside of the neuron, in the extracellular fluid, which contributes to the negative resting membrane potential of neurons.
What is the negative resting membrane potential?The negative resting membrane potential refers to the negative net charge of certain cells due to differences in the concentration of ions on both sides of the cell membrane.
In conclusion, chloride ions are concentrated primarily outside of the neuron, in the extracellular fluid, which contributes to the negative resting membrane potential of neurons.
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Negative feedback is a process that regulates biological systems (see Concept 40.2). Explain how the density-dependent birth rate of dune fescue grass exemplifies negative feedback.
Negative feedback occurs when a process's output, or product, slows the process. A build-up of product (more people, leading in a higher population density) slows the process in populations with birth rates that depend on population density, like dune fescue grass (population growth) by decreasing the birth rate.
What is the birth rate?The number of babies born in a population in a specific period of time is known as the birth rate. The annual rate of births per 1,000 people is referred to as the human birth rate. For instance, if there are 35 births per 1,000 people each year, the birth rate is 35.
How important is the birth rate?One of the most fundamental and significant metrics in demography is the birth rate. However, it is not merely relevant to demographers. Birth rates have a significant impact on public policy, budgeting for education and health systems, and the general wellbeing of a society.
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Nitroglycerin (the key ingredient in dynamite) is sometimes prescribed for heart disease patients. Within the body, the nitroglycerin is converted to nitric oxide. Why would you expect nitroglycerin to relieve chest pain in these patients?
By opening (dilating) the heart's coronary arteries, nitroglycerin improves blood flow to the heart, which reduces symptoms and reduces cardiac effort.
A wide range of disorders that affect the human heart are referred to as heart disease. Heart disease includes conditions such as coronary artery disease (CAD), arrhythmias, and congenital heart problems.As a vasodilator, nitroglycerin widens the body's blood arteries. These cardiac arteries can be opened up to reduce chest pain. Nitroglycerine has at least two uses: it can be used as an explosion and a drug. A potent explosive that is liquid, unstable, and sensitive is nitroglycerine. An acute myocardial infarction and angina pectoris are still treated with nitroglycerin. By generating nitric oxide, nitroglycerin encourages vasodilation and boosts blood flow to the heart muscle.Learn more about the Nitroglycerin with the help of the given link:
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What is the Monomer for a Carbohydrate?
A: Nucleotide
B: Disaccharide
C: Monosaccharide
D: Polypeptide
Answer:
C
Explanation:
a monosaccharide behaves as a monomer of carbohydrates and polysaccharides are polymers of carbohydrates
Answer: b monosaccharide
Children who have had an entire cerebral hemisphere removed are able to function well. this best illustrates the value of?
This further illustrates the value of brain plasticity.
What is brain plasticity?It's the malleability of the brain.It is the brain's ability to adapt.The brain is an organ with a lot of plasticity, which is the ability to adapt to different situations and show development and learning in the most different situations.
This allows people of all ages who have had a hemisphere of the brain removed to show a certain level of development and learning within the limitations. That's because the brain adapts and transforms into a functioning system even if a part of its structure is missing.
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The knee is ___ to the ankle. a) distal b) proximal c) superior d) inferi
The knee is proximal to the ankle. The knee is proximal to the foot. Moving distally from the hip brings you to the thigh. The foot is distal to the knee. The pores and skin is superficial to bone
Tibia (shin bone) – runs from the knee to the ankle. The pinnacle of the tibia is made from plateaus (or flat surfaces) that are protected in articular cartilage (inside the knee joint).The hips are (advanced or inferior) to the shoulders. The shoulders are (medial or lateral) to the spine. The knee is (distal or proximal) to the ankle. The knee is (advanced or inferior) to the ankle.
So a finger is distal to the wrist, that's distal to the elbow, that's distal to the shoulder. Or, similarly, the femur is proximal to the knee, that's proximal to the ankle, that's proximal to the toes.Distal manner further from the starting place of a frame component or the factor of attachment of a limb to the frame trunk. In this case, due to the fact the thigh is towards the frame trunk than the knee, the knee is distal (now no longer proximal) to the thigh.
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One factor that could account for a rise in the water table is:
A. more wind.
B. more precipitation.
C. more clouds.
D. less porous soil.
SUBMIT
A suggested explanation that might be true and is subject to testing by further observations is a(n)?
A suggested explanation that might be true and is subject to testing by further observations is called a hypothesis.
What is a hypothesis?A hypothesis is a given explanation of a question that emerges by observing some phenomena form the real world, which can be tested (either confirmed or rejected) by using the experimental procedure of the scientific method.
Hypothesis can be tested by either experimental procedures or observational methods, which allows obtaining empirical evidence to make predictions.
In conclusion, a suggested explanation that might be true and is subject to testing by further observations is called a hypothesis.
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How do the molecules that activate the vertebrate TLR signal transduction pathway differ from the ligands in most other signaling pathways (see Concept 11.2)?
The ligand for the TLR receptor is an outside molecule, whereas the ligand for many signal transduction pathways is an internal molecule made by the organism.
What is a transduction?Transduction is the process by which a virus transfers its genetic material from one bacterium to another. Bacteriophages, a type of virus, can infect bacterial cells and use them as hosts to produce other viruses.
Which two transduction types are there?Transduction comes in two types: generalized and tailored. Bacteriophages can pick up any part of the host's genome during generalized transduction. But with specialized transduction, the bacteriophages only take up particular bits of the host's DNA.
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If all the Ca²⁺ in the fluid surrounding a neuron were removed, how would this affect the transmission of information within and between neurons?
The reduced levels of calcium ions will decrease the release of neurotransmitter. This will affect the normal functioning of body.
What is Neurotransmission?
Calcium is a vital element in the process of neurotransmission. They are involved in synaptic activity of the nerves and also transmission of depolarizing signals.
Calcium triggers the synaptic vesicle exocytosis which lead to release of neurotransmitter in the vesicles that initiate nerve transmission.
When the calcium channels are blocked, neurotransmitter release is inhibited. This will hinder the intracellular signal transduction.
Therefore, low level of calcium affect the electrical activity of the brain.
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Which theory has contributed the most to disprove the concept of blending inheritance?
The theory of Mendelian inheritance has contributed the most to disprove the concept of blending inheritance.
Mendelian inheritance describes about how the genes are transferred from the parents to the offspring. Mendel worked upon the pea plants to give his theory. He stated that the traits are passed on in the form of discrete unit which he called them factors. Later these were named genes. He gave the lay of segregation and the law of independent assortment and a hypothesis of dominance.
Blending inheritance says that the traits that are transferred to the offspring are the intermediate form of both the parents. However, the theory was disproved later.
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Keystone species can have significant influences over several populations in a community through:____.
Keystone species can have significant influences on several populations in a community through the effect of high amounts of biomass and energy transfer between populations.
A keystone species is a type of organism that defines the whole ecosystem and hold together the complicated network of relationships between the organisms.
These species have immense importance in an ecosystem and serve as the key drivers of the entire system.
Without these species, the ecosystem would stop dramatically or cease to exist at all.
Undoubtedly, they have less function redundancy yet the maximum impact on the working and existence of the entire ecosystem.
They can be plants, animals, or microorganisms, for example, elephants, sea otters, and wolves.
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Occasionally, two-headed animals are born, such as this turtle. Thinking about the occurrence of identical twins and the property of totipotency, explain how this might occur.
Any animal, even turtles, could be born with two heads on a single body due to the embryonic cell's insufficient segregation.
Axial bifurcation is the name given to this circumstance.It has been noted that some animals in the animal realm are born with two heads on a single head; this is most frequently seen in the class Reptilia, which includes turtles. An aberrant division occurs during the embryonic development phases, which leads to this developmental defect.The totipotent character of the blastomeres.
These blastomeres each grow into a distinct organism if they are kept apart from one another (identical twins).The embryo develops in a somewhat split state when the blastomere bifurcation is incomplete in some atypical circumstances, leading to kids with two heads. The creation of a turtle with two heads is a result of the occurrence known as axial bifurcation, which is a type of splitting.
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Stomata are microscopic holes in plant leaves that allow gas exchange with the atmosphere. Stomata allow the carbon dioxide necessary for photosynthesis to enter the cells of the plant. When the stomata are open, transpiration also occurs, which causes the plant to lose water.
In plant tissue, stomata are microscopic pores that facilitate gas exchange. Although some stems also have stomata, they are primarily seen in plant leaves. To open and close stomatal holes, specialized cells called guard cells to surround stomata.
Stomata are openings in plant leaves that regulate the exchange of gases during photosynthesis, an activity essential to life as we know it.Gas fluxes and plant production are influenced by extrinsic elements like light, water, and CO2 availability as well as by the stoma pores' geometrical characteristics.The stomata close at night to prevent water loss when photosynthesis is not taking place.Stomata close throughout the day if the leaves are dehydrated, as may happen during a drought.It aids in water transpiration, or the plant's surplus water being lost. Stomatal water loss causes a suction pull, or upward pull, that aids in drawing water up from the roots. They contribute in return for gases.Learn more about stomata here:
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