Answer:
A. Seismic waves are formed by the sudden release of energy, such as from an earthquake, explosion, or human-made source.
B. Two characteristics of P waves, also known as primary waves, are that they are longitudinal waves that travel through solids, liquids, and gases, and they are the fastest seismic waves.
C. Two characteristics of S waves, also known as secondary waves, are that they are transverse waves that can only travel through solids, and they are slower than P waves.
D. Absorption, reflection, and refraction can change the movement of P waves in several ways:
Absorption: P waves can lose energy and become weaker as they travel through different materials, such as soil, rock, or water.
Reflection: P waves can bounce off a boundary between two different materials, such as the boundary between the Earth's crust and mantle, causing them to change direction.
Refraction: P waves can change direction as they pass through materials with different densities or elastic properties, such as the boundary between the Earth's mantle and core. The change in direction can cause P waves to bend, speed up, or slow down.
Explanation:
Hello there,
Introduction:
Seismic waves are a unique feature that Scientists get from Earthquakes.
Seismic waves are vibrations that essentially travel through Earth carrying the energy released during an earthquake. The three types of seismic waves are P waves, S waves and surface waves.
P waves, or primary waves, are a type of seismic wave that compresses and expands the ground. This type of wave moves the fastest and can go through both solids and liquids.
S waves, or secondary waves, are a type of seismic wave that moves the ground up an down or side to side. S-waves can NOT go through liquid and are slower than P waves.
Surface waves are when P waves and S waves reach the Earth's surface. Surface waves are by far the most dangerous.
Questions:
A How are seismic waves formed? (or produced)
Seismic waves are initially generated by the juddering of rock surfaces as they grind past each other when forces overcome friction. The fault interface is not smooth like many imagine. Its faces are dotted with protrusions of a range of sizes which before the quake mesh and grind together. These features are called asperities and can be as small as rock crystals on the size of a hillside.
The shearing and tearing of the asperities under unimaginable forces created a broad spectrum of frequencies within the event as a whole. If you rub two rocks together, you'll feel vibrations as the surface push past each other, and hear the vibrations as they're transferred to your ear through the air.
However this is just the beginning. The fault, or weakness in the rocks, may be many km long and if a lot of force is present over a wide area the fault failure will spread along it in a gigantic lurch. The crack, if you will, grows from initial failure outwards at a speed of many kilometers per second with each segment of the failing fault generating its own source of vibration. The changes in stress the quake creates may also be sufficient to make adjoining rock interfaces or fault break. The end result is a three dimensional network of vibrational sources which evolves over the seconds or minutes the complete event takes. And this sends a community of seismic waves radiating outwards.
Also, these waves are attenuated as they travel, some travelling deep others to the surface. But the net result is that when we experience a quake it's vibrations created by the grinding and tearing of rock.
B What are two characteristics of P waves?
Fastest waveA longitudinal (compression) waveC What are two characteristics of S waves?
A transverse waveCannot travel through a liquidD How do absorption, reflection, and refraction change the movement of P waves?
Each have a separate effect on P waves.
- Absorption reduces the energy of P waves.
- Reflection will reflect or bounce P waves back and fourth.
- Refraction will change refract or change direction of the P-waves (based on what surface they are spiraling off of or bouncing off of).
Thank you,
Eddie
Identify this compound
ОН
Answer:
the correct answer is A. 2-hydroxy butyl hexane
How does the particle arrangement and movement change? How does the particles behave in a liquid and how that changes when it becomes a gas.
Answer:
The particles in a liquid are loosely packed and occupies and moves much more freely than particles in solids, and when liquid changes to gas the particles becomes even more free. The arrangement of particles in both gases is more loose and free than in solids. There is an irregular arrangement that allows for more movement between particles.
If a wave is traveling at a certain speed and the frequency is increased, what will happen to its wavelength?
Answer:
the wave length will decrease
How do you feel knowing that more than 75% of the processed food in the US contains GMOs?
Answer:
I find it intresting but I dont really care. These days GMOs are everywere theres no avoiding that. And it has been proven by Harvard university, the national academy for science and many more that GMOs dont cause a lot of health problems so its not something I worry about.
Explanation:
- the
e)
4. What are three characteristics of sediments found in a sedimentary rock? (6 points)
5. Sedimentary rocks are formed through both physical and chemical processes.
A. How are sedimentary rocks formed through physical processes? (3 points)
B. How are sedimentary rocks formed through chemical processes? (3 points)
two questions
A. Sedimentary rocks are formed through physical processes such as erosion, transportation and deposition.
What is Sedimentary?Sedimentary rocks are a type of rock formed by the accumulation and compaction of sediment, or particles of rock, minerals, and organic materials. They are the most common type of rock on Earth and form at or near the Earth's surface.
Erosion occurs when rocks, minerals, and other materials are moved by wind, water, or ice and deposited in a new location. Transportation occurs when particles are suspended in the water, ice, or wind and are moved to another location. Finally, deposition occurs when the particles are left behind in a new location, either on the surface or at the bottom of a body of water.
B. Sedimentary rocks are formed through chemical processes such as precipitation, evaporation, and dissolution. Precipitation is when minerals dissolve in water and form solid particles. Evaporation occurs when water evaporates and leaves behind salt and other minerals in the sediment. Dissolution is when minerals dissolve in water and form a solution that can then be deposited in a new location.
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Observing How Plates Move
How slowly do plates move? Use the Sim to measure how far plates move from each other over time
and use your measurements to calculate the rate of plate motion.
1. Open the Plate Motion Sim.
2.
Go to Region 2 of the Sim.
3.
Add a GPS marker to each plate as close as possible to each other and to the plate boundary.
4. Press SET BOUNDARY and select Divergent as the plate boundary type. Then press RUN.
5. During the run, press Pause approximately every 50 million years. Record the time in the first
column of the table below. Observe the distance between the two pins by pressing on either pin
and reading the distance to the other and then record that number in the Distance column. You
can press the Reset button in the top right corner to replay the Sim.
6. Calculate the rate for each pair of distances and times by dividing the distance by the time.
Record those numbers in the Rate column.
Fill out the data table below. using evidence from the Sim.
Time (millions of years)
Distance (km)
Rate (km per million years)
Answer: Current plate movement can be tracked directly by means of ground-based or space-based geodetic measurements; geodesy is the science of the size and shape of the Earth. Ground-based measurements are taken with conventional but very precise ground-surveying techniques, using laser-electronic instruments. Sep 15, 2014
Explanation: Earth's land masses move toward and away from each other at an average rate of about 1.5 centimeters (0.6 inches) a year. That's about the rate that human toenails grow!
Geodesy, the science of measuring the Earth's shape and positions on it, allows the measurement of plate motion directly using GPS, the Global Positioning System. This network of satellites is more stable than the Earth's surface, so when a whole continent moves somewhere at a few centimeters per year, GPS can tell.
Please help
1. Describe specific anatomical characteristics for typical cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae
2. Describe the structure of an osteon.
1.) Specific anatomical characteristics of typical cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae:
- Cervical vertebrae: There are seven cervical vertebrae in the human spine, located in the neck region. They are smaller and more delicate than the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae. Cervical vertebrae have a bifid (split) spinous process and transverse foramina, which allow passage of the vertebral arteries and veins that supply blood to the brain. They also have small, oval-shaped vertebral bodies and relatively large vertebral arches.
- Thoracic vertebrae: There are twelve thoracic vertebrae in the human spine, located in the upper back region. They are larger and more robust than the cervical vertebrae. Thoracic vertebrae have long, downward-pointing spinous processes and costal facets for articulation with the ribs. They also have heart-shaped vertebral bodies that are larger than those of the cervical vertebrae, but smaller than those of the lumbar vertebrae.
- Lumbar vertebrae: There are five lumbar vertebrae in the human spine, located in the lower back region. They are the largest and strongest of the vertebrae. Lumbar vertebrae have short, thick spinous processes and large, kidney-shaped vertebral bodies. They also have broad, flat transverse processes and no costal facets, as they do not articulate with the ribs.
2.) Structure of an osteon:
An osteon (also called a Haversian system) is a cylindrical unit of compact bone tissue that forms the basic structural and functional unit of bone. It consists of concentric layers of bone tissue called lamellae, which are arranged around a central canal called the Haversian canal. The Haversian canal contains blood vessels and nerves that supply nutrients and oxygen to the bone cells (osteocytes) and remove waste products. The osteocytes are located in small spaces called lacunae, which are connected by tiny channels called canaliculi. The canaliculi allow the osteocytes to exchange nutrients and waste products with each other and with the blood vessels in the Haversian canal. The osteons are interconnected by perforating canals called Volkmann's canals, which allow blood vessels and nerves to penetrate the bone tissue and connect adjacent osteons. Together, the osteons form a strong and flexible matrix that gives bone its characteristic strength and resilience.
Which inference can best be made based on the
diagram?
(1) Adaptations for living in trees are inherited
by all primates.
(2) Humans and apes have a common ancestor.
(3) The embryos of monkeys and apes are
identical.
(4) The period of development is similar in most
primates.
Humans and apes have a common ancestor inference can best be made based on the diagram.
Option 2 is correct.
The graph shows the developmental connection between various primate species, including people and chimps, and demonstrates that they share a typical genealogy. Based on scientific evidence, this suggests that they evolved from a common ancestor.
How do adaptations work?Changes in an organism's characteristics, behavior, or physiology that make it better able to survive and reproduce in its environment are known as adaptations. These changes could be physical, like a polar bear's thick fur, which keeps it warm in its icy habitat, or behavioral, like a bird migrating to a warmer climate in the winter. Natural selection is the process by which organisms that are better adapted to their environment survive and pass on their traits to their offspring. Adaptations can be passed down from generation to generation and can be the result of natural selection.
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if enough individuals in a popularization have effective adaptions and survive what happens to the population.
if enough individuals in a popularization have effective adaptions and survive whole may undergo a process of natural selection.
What is natural selection?Natural selection is a mechanism of evolution that favors individuals with traits that increase their likelihood of survival and reproduction. As a result, these individuals are more likely to pass on their advantageous traits to their offspring, and over time, these traits can become more common in the population.
If a population hasthat allow its members to survive better in their environment, then those members are more likely to reproduce and pass on their genes to the next generation. Over time, the frequency of these advantageous traits may increase in the population, while the frequency of less advantageous traits may decrease.
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Compare and contrast different techniques to stop smoking and for cutting down on excessive alcohol consumption
Explanation:
skin patches, chewing gum, inhalator,nasal and mouth spary
The active site of an enzyme is complementary to :
A. One type of product molecule
B. All types if product molecules
C. One type of substrate molecule
D. All types if substrate molecule
Answer:
Option C is correct. The active site of an enzyme is a specific region that is complementary to a specific substrate molecule. This means that the active site has a specific shape that only fits with the shape of a particular substrate molecule. Once the substrate molecule binds to the active site, the enzyme can catalyze the reaction to form the product(s).
3. The study of fossils has allowed scientists to
environments and the history
(1) describe past
of life
(2) study present ocean temperatures at
different depths
DE
(3) analyze the chemical composition of
sedimentary rocks and minerals
(4) describe the details of the process by which
life first began on Earth
The study of fossils has allowed scientists to describe the details of the process by which life first began on Earth.
The correct option is D.
What is the importance of fossil studies?Any preserved remains, impression, or trace of a once-living object from a previous geological era is referred to as a fossil. Examples include exoskeletons, bones, shells, animal or microbe imprints in stone, items kept in amber, hair, petrified wood, and DNA traces.
The information of extinct animals and plants that existed hundreds of years ago is provided by fossils. We can make comparisons between the organisms that existed in the distant past and their modern offspring. They aid in the study of evolution and serve as a link between two populations.
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This model of the carbon cycle shows the continuous movement of carbon atoms between the biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere. Some processes store carbon while others release it. Deforestation, the clearing or thinning of forests by humans, has. significant impact on the carbon cycle. What is a likely consequence of deforestation?
Responses
Deforestation's main effects include the extinction of priceless wildlife and rare plant and animal species as a result of habitat loss, soil erosion, exacerbated floods and drought, pollution, and elevated levels of carbon dioxide.
What are the Class 9 effects of deforestation?The atmosphere and climate have been severely altered by deforestation. Moreover, it has caused soil erosion and desertification, increased greenhouse gas levels, and posed a threat to biodiversity and animal habitats.
What is Class 8 long answer for deforestation?Deforestation is the intentional clearing of wooded land. Throughout history and into the present, forests have been removed to make place for agriculture and animal grazing as well as to obtain wood for use in manufacturing, construction, and heating.
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What is a drought treatment?
A drought treatment refers to a collection of actions or steps taken to lessen the effects of drought on a specific ecosystem, community, or crops.
What is drought treatment?A drought treatment refers to a set of actions or measures taken to mitigate the effects of drought on a particular ecosystem, community, or crop.
The goal of drought treatment is to minimize the negative impacts of water scarcity and help the affected system or population cope with reduced water availability.
Drought treatments can take different forms depending on the context and severity of the drought. Some common drought treatments include:
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compare community conservation area and protected area
Answer:
Explanation:
Biosphere Reserves are areas of terrestrial and coastal ecosystems which are internationally recognized within the framework of the Man and the Biosphere ( MAB) programme of the UNESCO and are not formed according to the guidelines of the Wildlife (protection) Act, 1972 and may have one more national parks or wildlife.hus, protected areas are geographical space, recognized, dedicated and managed, through legal or other effective means, to achieve the long term conservation of nature and cultural values. In protected areas human occupation and exploitation of resources is limited.
If you are on a very low carb diet, what can your body break down and convert to glucose (that your brain needs for fuel)?
Explanation:
When on a very low carb diet, the body will break down and convert certain amino acids, such as alanine, glutamic acid, and aspartic acid, into glucose. This process is known as gluconeogenesis. The body can also convert certain fatty acids and glycerol from fat into glucose. This process is known as lipolysis. Both of these processes provide the glucose needed for the brain to function properly.
How could you investigate the lowest possible effective dose to use against a particular strain of bacteria
Stimulations were ran to examine the effects of changes in dosage distribution and antibiotic exposure frequency on community resistance patterns.
What are Antibiotics ?Antibiotics are antimicrobial substances that are active against microorganisms. Antibiotic drugs are widely utilized in the treatment and prevention of bacterial infections since they are the most significant form of antibacterial agent. They can either kill or hinder bacterial growth. A small proportion of antibiotics have antiprotozoal action. Antibiotics are ineffective against viruses such as the common cold or influenza; instead of antibiotics, medications that decrease virus growth are referred to as antiviral drugs or antivirals. They are also ineffective against fungi; antifungal medicines are those that hinder the growth of fungus.
What is Antibiotic resistance ?Antibiotics are antibiotics that are used to prevent and treat bacterial infections. Antibiotic resistance arises when bacteria adapt to the usage of these medications. Antibiotic resistance develops in bacteria rather than people or animals. These bacteria can infect humans and animals, and their infections are more difficult to treat than infections caused by non-resistant bacteria.
Antibiotic resistance raises medical expenses, lengthens hospital stays, and increases mortality.
The world urgently needs to modify the way antibiotics are prescribed and used. Even if new medications are found, antibiotic resistance will remain a big threat unless behavior changes. Changes in behavior must also include efforts to minimize the spread of illnesses such as immunization, hand washing, safer sex, and excellent food hygiene.
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how does dna fingerprinting work
Answer:
DNA fingerprinting uses chemicals to separate strands of DNA and reveal the unique parts of your genome.
Explanation:
hope it helps
Match the following terms and definitions.
1. aquatic, cylindrical animals with a fixed base
polyp
2. an animal with a false body cavity separating the mesoderm and endoderm
pseudocoelomate
3. condition in which many similar parts radiate from a central axis in an organism's body
radial symmetry
4. region of a mollusk's body that contains its internal organs
visceral mass
Polyps are cylindrical, aquatic organisms with a solid base. a pseudocoelomate is an animal with a false body cavity dividing the mesoderm and endoderm. Radial symmetry is the state where numerous similar parts in an organism's body radiate outward from a centre axis.
Which species are mesoderm-free?Animals in the phylum Cnidaria, which includes jellies, polyps, and hydras, are thought to be diploblastic, meaning they have two tissue layers. These are the ectoderm and endoderm tissues, which are divided by a jelly-like material called mesoglea. There is no mesoderm tissue in these animals.
What mammal has an artificial cavity between its mesoderm and endoderm?Animals known as pseudocoelomates have a fluid-filled body cavity that is not entirely sealed with mesoderm tissue. Pseudocoelom refers to the space between the mesoderm and the endoderm.
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4. Earth's rock layers include the upper mantle, the lower mantle, the crust, and the Moho.
A. Create a diagram that labels each of the four layers listed above. (4 points)
B. What is one characteristic of each layer? (4 points)
part a. The diagram showing the upper mantle, the lower mantle, the crust, and the Moho is attached.
part b.
The characteristics include:
for the Crust:
The crust is relatively thin compared to the other layers.for the Lower Mantle:
It is located below the upper mantle.for the Moho :
It marks the boundary between the crust and the mantle.for the upper Mantle:
It Lies beneath the crust.What are the rock's layers?The science of strata, stratigraphy, deals with all of the features of layered rocks and includes the study of how these rocks connect to time. Rock layers are also known as strata (the plural version of the Latin word stratum.
The rock layers in order are : Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, (Mississippian and Pennsylvanian), Permian, Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous, Tertiary, and Quaternary.
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Planning a menu takes serious thought, as you’ve learned. Between juggling time constraints, special diets, health goals, and basic nutritional needs, you have seen how creating a healthy menu is like putting together pieces of a puzzle. There’s one piece we left out though, and that’s budget. To create a menu that your family will actually be able to use, you need to make sure that you stay within your available funds.
Step 1: Make a Grocery List
Look back at your menu from the last activity. Using a word processing software, create a shopping list of the items you will need to prepare meals for that day.
Keep in mind that there are some items you might always have on hand; for instance, your family might already stock olive oil or regularly keep onions in the pantry. If so, make a note to the side that you already have this item to remind yourself that you need it to cook-but don’t need to purchase it.
Step 2: Set a Budget
Begin this step by consulting your parent, guardian, or whomever it is in your household who shops for groceries. Ask them what your family’s weekly grocery budget is. If they don’t have a budget, per se, ask if they know roughly how much your family spends per week on food.
Remember that you are planning one day’s menu. So take the amount you were given and divide it by seven. Ideally, this is how much money your family has per day to spend on food.
Step 3: Grocery Shop
Go online to the website of a grocery store in your area. You should be able to find one that lets you shop online or put items into an online shopping cart. Go through your list, noting the price of each item.
Step 4: Re-Evaluate
When you have the price for all items, add up your total. Did you stay within your budget? If not, you may need to go back and make some adjustments.
How could you do this? Perhaps you can adjust your menu by substituting an item for one that is less expensive. Or you could make use of an item twice by including it in more than one meal. Could it be your choice of stores?
To figure out how to do this, research comparative shopping techniques online. Chose at least two techniques that you might be able to use in order to make sure that you have found the best value for your food dollar.
Create a heading on your document called ‘Comparative Shopping’ and explain the two methods you used and give answers to these questions:
Did you find a huge difference in pricing?
Do you believe that comparative shopping could save you money or is it not worth your time?
You’re seeing that this all takes time and thought. But eating healthy now will save your family time, money, and effort in the future. (Poor eating habits lead to disease that must be treated.) Remember, when it comes to our health, we either pay now or pay later.
Your Budget, Grocery List, and paragraphs outlining the Comparative Shopping techniques you used are your deliverables for this activity.
Which idea did Lamarck propose that was rejected by his fellow scientists?
Fossils show that behaviors of ancient species.
Organisms evolve by acquiring behaviors.
Acquired traits can be passed to offspring.
Giraffes have large gene pools than most animals.
Answer:
The idea proposed by Lamarck that was rejected by his fellow scientists is "Acquired traits can be passed to offspring."
Explanation:
Lamarck believed that organisms could pass on traits they acquired during their lifetime to their offspring, a theory known as the inheritance of acquired characteristics. However, this idea has been widely discredited by the scientific community since it does not align with the principles of genetics and heredity. The traits that are passed down to offspring are determined by genetic information passed on through the reproductive cells, not by the environment or lifestyle of the parent.
Due to the way in which it regulates a variety of body functions, the ________ is a part of the brain that is often compared to a thermostat.
There’s a second part to this guys I just posted it so look at that but we have to use this photo and find a pic online so we can asses the biodiversity of the selected environment in different ways
Assessing biodiversity of a selected environment can be done in various ways, including species richness, habitat, genetic and functional diversities among others.
What is biodiversity?Biodiversity is the variety and variability of life on Earth, including the diversity of species, ecosystems, and genetic variation within species.
Various ways to assess the biodiversity of a selected environment are:
Species richness and diversity: The number of different species present in an environment can indicate its level of biodiversity. A high species richness and diversity suggests a healthy ecosystem with many interdependent relationships between organisms.Habitat diversity: The range of different habitats in an environment can also indicate biodiversity. Different habitats support different species and can be used to measure the range of biodiversity in an area.Genetic diversity: Genetic variation within a species can be an indicator of biodiversity, as genetic diversity is important for adaptation and survival in changing environments.Functional diversity: This refers to the range of ecological roles and functions that different species perform in an environment. A higher functional diversity indicates a more resilient ecosystem.To find out more about biodiversity, visit:
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If you infect the buffalo population with a disease how do you predict that will affect the buffalo population ?
It will decrease the population of Buffalo.
Without proper treatment, the Buffalo will die off. Resulting in less buffalo.
Ichythyoisis hystrix gravier (a greatly thickened bumpy condition of the skin) is a rare human abnormality, but in the
families in which it occurs, it always occurs in males and is transmitted from the father to all of his sons. Unaffected
females never transmit the gene for this condition. What explanation can you suggest for this curious and unusual type of
inheritance. With punnet square
The pattern of inheritance described is consistent with X-linked recessive inheritance
Genetic inheritance explained.
The pattern of inheritance described is consistent with X-linked recessive inheritance. In this type of inheritance, the gene causing the condition is located on the X chromosome, one of the two sex chromosomes. Females have two X chromosomes, while males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome.
If a female carries a recessive X-linked gene, she will be unaffected because she has a second X chromosome that can provide a normal copy of the gene. However, if a male inherits the recessive X-linked gene from his mother, he will express the condition because he does not have a second X chromosome to provide a normal copy of the gene. Therefore, the condition appears to skip generations and is only passed from affected fathers to their sons.
A Punnett square can be used to illustrate the inheritance of X-linked recessive traits. In this case, we would use a modified Punnett square that only shows the inheritance of the X chromosome. Let's assume that the gene causing chythyoisis hystrix gravier is represented by the recessive allele "x" on the X chromosome.
The Punnett square for a cross between an unaffected female (XX) and an affected male (XY) would look like this:
| X | X
--|-----|-----
Y | Xx | Xy
--|-----|-----
Y | Xx | Xy
In this case, all of the male offspring inherit an X chromosome with the recessive "x" allele from their father, resulting in the expression of the condition. None of the female offspring inherit the recessive allele from their father and are therefore unaffected carriers.
Note that X-linked recessive inheritance can also result in affected females if both of their X chromosomes carry the recessive allele. However, this is relatively rare because the chance of inheriting two copies of the recessive allele is low
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Given the following diagram, how many lariats will be formed upon mRNA splicing?
It appears like two lariats will be created upon mRNA splicing. The excised intron between exons 1 and 2 will make one lariat, while the removed intron between exons 2 and 3 will generate the other lariat.
What is an RNA's primary purpose?Translation is the major way that RNA makes proteins. RNA transmits genetic information that ribosomes interpret into a variety of proteins required for biological functions. The three primary RNA subtypes involved in protein synthesis are mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA.
Where can you find RNA?The most prevalent type of RNA present in cells is ribosomal RNA (rRNA), which accounts for about 50% of the structure of the ribosomes.
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Question 1 1) The mass of a ribosome is 210 x 10-18 g. Assume it is a perfect sphere with a radius of 0.O1um. Calculate the sedimentation coefficient (SLin Svedbergs in a medium of viscosity (n) 1.59 poise (g/cm/s): T=3.142_ 2) The ribosome is pelleted at an angular velocity of 4188 rad/s using a rotor of radius 10 cm. What g-force (centrifugal force) is applied to the particle? 3) Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) is used as a marker for mitochondria: A cell is fractionated by differential centrifugation and the distribution of SDH calculated providing the partial data below: fraction 2,500g pellet 70,00Og pellet 300,000g pellet cytosolic ASDH 1250 ISDH % protein 30 RSA 2250 20 750 15 350 35 (a) Complete the information in columns 3 and 5_ (b) Plot the data as a bar histogram with RSA on V-axis and % protein on X-axis (c) Which fraction is enriched in the mitochondria?
The sedimentation coefficient of the ribosome is 78.5 S. The centrifugal force applied on the particle is 377.6 x [tex]10^{-12}[/tex] N, therefore, the g-force applied to the particle is 1,960,292 g.
How do you calculate the sedimentation coefficient of the particle?We can apply the following formula to determine the ribosome's sedimentation coefficient:
S = (2/9) * (r^2) * (p - f) / n
where:
f = density of the solvent (assumed to be water) = 1 g/cm3
n = viscosity of the solvent = 1.59 poise = 0.000159 g/cm/s
r = radius of the ribosome = 0.01 um = 0.0000001 cm
p = density of the ribosome = mass/volume = mass / ((4/3) * pi * (r))) = 210 x [tex]10^{-18}[/tex] g
By entering these values, we obtain:
S = (2/9)* (0.0000001 cm)* (1.407 g/cm3 - 1 g/cm3)* (0.000159 g/cm/s)* (1.407 g/cm2 * 2 *)* = 78.5 S
As a result, the ribosome's sedimentation coefficient is 78.5 S.
How do you calculate the centrifugal force and g-force on the particle?We can use the following formula to get the centrifugal force exerted on the ribosome:
F = m * r * w^2
where: w = angular velocity = 4188 rad/s
m = mass of the ribosome = 210 x [tex]10^{-18}[/tex] g
r = radius of the rotor = 10 cm
By entering these values, we obtain:
F = 210 x [tex]10^{-18}[/tex] g x 10 cm x 4188 rad/s / 2 = 377.6 x [tex]10^{-12}[/tex] N
We may divide this by the acceleration caused by gravity to get the g-force:
g = F/(m*g) = (377.6 x [tex]10^{-12}[/tex] N)/(210 x [tex]10^{-18}[/tex] g * 9.81 m/s2) = 1,960,292 g
As a result, the ribosome is subjected to a centrifugal force of 1,960,292 g.
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What is biology . Define it .
Answer: the study of living organisms, divided into many specialized fields that cover their morphology, physiology, anatomy, behavior, origin, and distribution.
Explanation: The simplest definition of Biology
Develop a public service announcement telling your audience about the negative side of taking drugs or if you want - choose a specific drug ( cocaine, Marijuana, caffeine)
Be creative. How would you structurethe PSA?
Who is your audience?
Answer:
can I get a crown
Explanation:
Our audience is young people who are considering taking drugs.
PS
Taking drugs can have negative consequences on your health, your relationships, and your life. Drugs can ruin your future and can even be deadly. Think before you take drugs – the risks are not worth it.