105. Training program content is mainly shaped by the training objectives. True False

Steve has a comparative advantage in building models since his opportunity cost is lower than Karen's. It would be more efficient for Steve to build the models required for the sales pitch, allowing Karen to focus on other activities that she can bill at a higher rate.

Comparative advantage refers to the ability of a person or a firm to produce a particular good or service at a lower opportunity cost than others.

In this case, Karen and Steve are partners at an architecture firm, and they are trying to determine who has a comparative advantage in building 50 models required for a sales pitch to a prospective client.

Karen can build 10 models per hour, and her opportunity cost of building models is $40 per hour (assuming she could have billed clients $400 per hour for other activities).

On the other hand, Steve's opportunity cost of building models is 30% lower than Karen's, which means his opportunity cost is $28 per hour.

However, Steve's billing rate is 25% higher than Karen's, which means he can bill clients at a rate of $500 per hour. This implies that Steve's opportunity cost of building models is $37.50 per hour ($500/13.33 models per hour).

To determine who has a comparative advantage in building models, we need to compare their opportunity costs. Karen's opportunity cost of building models is $40/10 models per hour = $4 per model. Steve's opportunity cost of building models is $37.50/13.33 models per hour = $2.81 per model.

Based on this analysis, Steve has a comparative advantage in building models since his opportunity cost is lower than Karen's. Therefore, it would be more efficient for Steve to build the models required for the sales pitch, allowing Karen to focus on other activities that she can bill at a higher rate.

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The current level of the CPI if prices have increased by 220 percent since the base year is 320. The correct answer is d. 320.

Here's the step-by-step explanation:
1. Understand that CPI (Consumer Price Index) is used to measure the changes in prices over time, with the base year as the reference point (CPI in the base year is usually 100).

2. Since prices have increased by 220 percent since the base year, you'll calculate the increase in CPI by multiplying the base year CPI by the percentage increase:

Increase in CPI = Base Year CPI × (Percentage Increase / 100)
= 100 × (220 / 100)
= 100 × 2.20
= 220

3. To find the current level of CPI, you'll add the increase in CPI to the base year CPI:

Current CPI = Base Year CPI + Increase in CPI
= 100 + 220
= 320

So, the correct answer is d. 320.

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Borrowing money is necessary when there is a cash deficiency. This means that the company's cash balance is lower than what is required to meet its financial obligations.

In such situations, the company may have to borrow money from external sources, such as banks or investors, to bridge the gap between its current cash balance and the amount it needs to meet its financial obligations. However, borrowing money is not required when the cash excess equals the minimum required cash balance.

This means that the company has enough cash on hand to meet its financial obligations without having to borrow from external sources. It is important for companies to maintain an adequate cash balance to avoid financial distress and maintain their operations smoothly.

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An ethical dilemma creates a situation where you must choose between two equally unsatisfactory alternatives. In such scenarios, both options have undesirable consequences, making it difficult to determine the best course of action.

Ethical dilemmas often arise in professional or personal situations, where individuals are faced with conflicting moral principles, values, or responsibilities. In dealing with ethical dilemmas, it is essential to consider various factors such as the potential impact of each decision on the involved parties, as well as any legal or ethical guidelines that may apply. It is crucial to weigh the pros and cons of each alternative, and in some cases, seek guidance from trusted advisors or colleagues.
Ultimately, the decision-maker must choose a course of action that aligns with their personal or professional ethical values, even if the outcome is not ideal. It is essential to be aware of the potential consequences and accept responsibility for the chosen path.
To summarize, ethical dilemmas create situations in which individuals must choose between two equally unsatisfactory alternatives. The decision-making process can be challenging and complex, requiring careful consideration of various factors and the potential impact of each choice. It is crucial to make decisions that align with one's ethical values, and accept the responsibility for the chosen path.

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The advantages of blockchain technology make it an attractive solution for a wide range of industries and applications, including finance, healthcare, real estate, and more.

One of the main advantages of using blockchain technology is that it provides a decentralized and secure way to record and verify transactions or information. This means that there is no need for a centralized authority or intermediary to manage and validate transactions, which can significantly reduce transaction costs and improve efficiency.

The use of blockchain technology also provides transparency and immutability, meaning that once a transaction is recorded on the blockchain, it cannot be altered or deleted. This makes the technology particularly useful for applications that require high levels of security, such as financial transactions, identity verification, and supply chain management.

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The intercompany gain on sale of depreciable assets downstream is realized when the subsidiary resells the depreciable assets to the parent (option A) or when the subsidiary resells the depreciable assets to an outside party(option D). In both cases, the subsidiary has effectively converted the asset into cash, and any gain or loss on the sale is recognized.

Depreciable assets are those assets that can lose value over time due to wear and tear or obsolescence. When these assets are sold or transferred between companies, there may be a gain or loss on the transaction that must be accounted for. In the case of intercompany transactions, where the buyer and seller are related entities, it is important to understand when and how these gains are realized.

If the subsidiary abandons the depreciable assets or the parent sells the depreciable assets to the subsidiary, there is no intercompany gain on sale to be realized. Abandonment of assets typically results in a loss, and the sale of assets from parent to subsidiary would be recorded at the transfer price, with any gains or losses being deferred until the subsidiary resells the assets.

In summary, the intercompany gain on sale of depreciable assets downstream is realized when the subsidiary resells the assets to the parent or an outside party. It is important to properly account for these transactions to ensure accurate financial reporting and tax compliance. Therefore, option A and D must be selected for the right answer.

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A project deliverable is a tangible outcome or result that is produced as a part of a project. In the case of Kathy's charity event, the project deliverable would be an item or service that is produced or provided as a part of the event. Out of the options given, all four choices could potentially be a project deliverable.

Music that encourages dancing could be considered a project deliverable because it is an aspect of the event that is produced for the enjoyment and experience of the attendees.

Printed copies of directions to the event could also be considered a project deliverable because it is a tangible item that is provided as a part of the event to help attendees navigate and find the location.

A lawn large enough to accommodate games could be considered a project deliverable if it is an important aspect of the event and is specifically mentioned as a requirement for the success of the event.

Decorations that adhere to the event's theme could also be considered a project deliverable because they are a tangible outcome of the planning and preparation of the event.

In conclusion, all of the options listed could be considered project deliverables depending on the specific requirements and goals of the event. It is up to Kathy to determine which deliverables are necessary to provide the experience that everyone is expecting.

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The statement " A multiple predetermined overhead rate system is more accurate than a plant wide overhead rate system because it reflects differences in how overhead costs are incurred within departments" is true  This allows for a more accurate reflection of differences in the overhead costs incurred within each department.

In contrast, a plant-wide overhead rate system allocates overhead costs to all departments based on a single predetermined overhead rate, which assumes that all departments incur overhead costs in the same way. This can lead to distorted allocation of costs, particularly if different departments have different cost drivers or if they use resources in different ways.

Therefore, a multiple predetermined overhead rate system is generally preferred when there are significant differences in the way overhead costs are incurred within departments.

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The cloud services characteristic that best describes the nature of rapid elasticity is "scalability."

Scalability refers to the ability of a cloud service to quickly and easily adjust its resources to meet the changing needs of its users. This is achieved through the process of rapid elasticity, which allows for resources to be provisioned or released on-demand, depending on the user's requirements.

This ensures that cloud services can efficiently handle fluctuations in workload and resource usage, without any manual intervention.
In summary, the characteristic of cloud services that best describes rapid elasticity is scalability, as it allows for the quick and easy adjustment of resources to meet the changing demands of users.

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The debt-equity ratio needed for Jelly's Corporation to achieve their targeted weighted average cost of capital of 9.5 percent is approximately 1.08.

To determine the debt-equity ratio needed for Jelly's Corporation to achieve their targeted weighted average cost of capital (WACC) of 9.5 percent, we'll use the WACC formula:

WACC = (E/V) * Cost of Equity + (D/V) * After-tax Cost of Debt

where E is the market value of equity, D is the market value of debt, and V is the total value of the firm (E + D).

First, we'll solve for the debt-equity ratio (D/E) using the following equation:

9.5% = (E/V) * 12.75% + (D/V) * 6.5%

We know that V = E + D, so the equation becomes:

9.5% = (E/(E + D)) * 12.75% + (D/(E + D)) * 6.5%

To find the debt-equity ratio (D/E), we'll divide both sides by E:

(D/E) = (9.5% - 12.75%) / (6.5% - 9.5%)

(D/E) = (-3.25%) / (-3%)

(D/E) = 1.0833 (approximately)

Therefore, the debt-equity ratio needed for Jelly's Corporation to achieve their targeted weighted average cost of capital of 9.5 percent is approximately 1.08. Hence, the correct answer is e. 1.08.

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The actual cost was higher than the standard cost, the variance is unfavorable. The unfavorable variance is $22,500.

1) The cash payments for purchases can be calculated using the following formula:
Cash Payments = Budgeted Purchases + Beginning Accounts Payable Balance - Ending Accounts Payable Balance

Substituting the values given in the question, we get:
Cash Payments = $420,000 + $95,000 - $92,000
Cash Payments = $423,000

Therefore, the amount of budgeted cash payments is $423,000.

2) A) For 20,000 units, the variable cost per unit would be $2 + $3 + $1 = $6. The total variable cost would be 20,000 units x $6 per unit = $120,000. Adding the fixed cost of $35,000, the total budgeted cost would be $155,000 for 20,000 units.

B) For 25,000 units, the variable cost per unit would be $2 + $3 + $1 = $6. The total variable cost would be 25,000 units x $6 per unit = $150,000. Adding the fixed cost of $35,000, the total budgeted cost would be $185,000 for 25,000 units.

Therefore, the budgeted amounts for 20,000 units and 25,000 units are $155,000 and $185,000, respectively.

3) The total standard cost for producing 5,500 units would be:
Total Standard Cost = 5,500 units x $7 per unit = $38,500

The actual cost incurred for producing 5,500 units was $61,000. Therefore, the total variance can be calculated as follows:

Total Variance = Actual Cost - Standard Cost
Total Variance = $61,000 - $38,500
Total Variance = $22,500

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The lot-sizing procedures that are suitable for reorder point planning include fixed order quantity and lot for lot order quantity.

These procedures ensure that the inventory is replenished in the appropriate amount when the reorder point is reached, without overstocking or understocking the inventory. The daily lot size and monthly lot size may not be suitable for reorder point planning as they may result in unnecessary inventory holding costs. Replenish to maximum stock level may also not be suitable for reorder point planning as it may result in overstocking of inventory.

In the context of reorder point planning, suitable lot-sizing procedures include:

b. Fixed order quantity
d. Lot for lot order quantity
e. Replenish to maximum stock level

These methods help maintain optimal inventory levels by triggering orders when the reorder point is reached.

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False. The marketing mix is often regarded as one of the most important concepts in marketing.

it involves the tactical decisions that a company must make in order to promote its product or service effectively. The marketing mix consists of the four Ps: product, price, promotion, and place.e marketing mix is a fundamental concept in marketing that refers to the set of tools or tactics used by a company to promote its products or services in the market. It includes four main components known as the "Four Ps":

Product: refers to the goods or services a company offers to satisfy the needs and wants of its target customers.

Price: refers to the amount of money a customer pays to purchase a product or service.

Promotion: refers to the activities a company uses to communicate the benefits of its products or services to customers and to persuade them to make a purchase.

Place: refers to the location where customers can purchase a product or service and the methods used to distribute it.

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Lessons learned refer to any information from a project that can be used in subsequent projects to enhance work or avoid problems. The correct answer is C.

This can include successes and failures, best practices, and areas for improvement. Lessons learned are an essential component of project management as they help teams to continuously improve and evolve their processes.

By identifying and sharing lessons learned, organizations can avoid making the same mistakes repeatedly and optimize their project outcomes.

Effective knowledge management and sharing processes can facilitate the identification and dissemination of lessons learned, enabling teams to benefit from the experience and expertise of others.

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Specialization refers to the process of dividing work into specific and specialized tasks or roles, which allows individuals or teams to become experts in their assigned area. In the context of assigning tasks within an organization, specialization can lead to increased efficiency, productivity, and quality of work. This is because specialized individuals are able to focus on their area of expertise and perform their tasks with greater skill and speed. However, specialization can also lead to a lack of flexibility and adaptability, as individuals may be less capable of performing tasks outside of their specialized area. Additionally, too much specialization within an organization can result in silos and a lack of cross-functional collaboration. Therefore, it is important for organizations to strike a balance between specialization and generalization in their task assignments.

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Interpersonal skills are crucial for any successful project team. These skills enable team members to communicate effectively, collaborate efficiently, and manage conflicts constructively. The Develop Project Team process involves identifying, assessing, and improving the skills and competencies of team members. This process emphasizes the importance of interpersonal skills, which can be defined as the ability to interact and communicate effectively with others.

The examples of interpersonal skills mentioned in the question are influencing, team building, reviewing performance, and conflict management. Influencing involves the ability to persuade and negotiate with others, while team building is the process of creating a cohesive and collaborative team. Reviewing performance is the process of evaluating team members' work and providing constructive feedback. Conflict management is the ability to identify, address, and resolve conflicts within the team.

To answer the question directly, the example of interpersonal skills that is NOT mentioned in the list is not provided. Therefore, I cannot identify which interpersonal skill is not included in the list. However, it is important to note that other examples of interpersonal skills include active listening, empathy, problem-solving, and time management. All of these skills are crucial for effective communication, collaboration, and productivity within a project team.

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The net benefit (cost) of accepting the special order is $25,000, under the condition that Shanghai Exports, LTDBudgeted Income StatementFor the Year 2014" Sales ($ 44 per unit) $ 4,400,000.
Now,
In order to evaluate the net benefit (cost) of accepting the special order, we have to calculate the incremental revenue and incremental cost of accepting the special order.
The incremental revenue from accepting the special order is
$30 x 12,500
= $375,000.
The incremental cost of accepting the special order is
$32 x 12,500
= $400,000.

Then,
The net cost of accepting the special order is $400,000 - $375,000
= $25,000.

Hence, Shanghai Exports accepts this special order, it will inflict a net cost of $25,000.
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The proslavery argument that slavery made economic independence among whites possible was widely accepted by southern whites. Thus, option B is correct.

The proslavery argument was on the belief that the economy of the South will collapse if there will be no Slavery. Then, they should depend on the North. Proponents of slavery argued that slavery is the most essential source of labor for lower economic costs.

The proslavery argument states that some advocates of industrialization promoted the growth of slavery which further promoted economic growth. But his agreement was not widely accepted, but only the Southern planter class accepted and maintained this slavery.

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The complete question is:

The proslavery argument that slavery made economic independence among whites possible:

a. was mainly advanced by promoters of industrialization.

b. Was widely accepted by southern whites

c. Was mainly advanced by white northerners.

d. Was only accepted by the southern planter class

The acceptable transfer price range would be between the variable cost per circuit board and the market price per circuit board, since any transfer price within this range would result in a profit for Division A. The range of acceptable transfer prices would be between the variable cost per circuit board and the market price, depending on the demand from both customers.

Step 1. To calculate the range of acceptable transfer prices for Division A, we need to consider the opportunity cost of selling the circuit boards to outside customers versus selling them to Division B.

If Division A sells all 21,500 units to outside customers at the market price of $140.32 per board, the total revenue would be $2,022,880 (14,400 x $140.32). However, if Division A sells 7,100 units to Division B, it would earn revenue of $987,300 (7,100 x $140.32), which is lower than the market price.

Therefore, the acceptable transfer price range would be between the variable cost per circuit board ($116.00) and the market price per circuit board ($140.32), since any transfer price within this range would result in a profit for Division A.

Step 2. If Division A has capacity of only 20,500 units, it cannot sell all of its output to both outside customers and Division B at the same time.

In this case, the range of acceptable transfer prices would depend on the demand for the circuit boards from both customers. If Division B requires all 20,500 units, then the transfer price would need to be higher than the variable cost per circuit board ($116.00) in order to cover the fixed costs and earn a profit. However, if Division B only requires 7,100 units, then the remaining 13,400 units could be sold to outside customers at the market price ($140.32), so the transfer price to Division B would need to be lower than the market price in order to remain competitive.

Therefore, the range of acceptable transfer prices would be between the variable cost per circuit board and the market price, depending on the demand from both customers.

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The dominant strategy for University Subs is to: run a 2-for-1 promotion.

Part 1: The dominant strategy for University Subs is to run a 2-for-1 promotion. This is because running a promotion results in better outcomes in both situations, as compared to keeping prices high.

If Savory Sandwiches also runs a promotion, University Subs makes $1,000 instead of losing $5,000. If Savory Sandwiches keeps prices high, University Subs makes $15,000 instead of $10,000. In both scenarios, running the promotion yields better results.

Part 2: Yes, the Nash equilibrium is the most profitable outcome for these two firms. The Nash equilibrium occurs when both firms run a 2-for-1 promotion. In this situation, each firm earns $1,000 in profit. While it might seem counterintuitive, this outcome ensures that neither firm has an incentive to deviate from their chosen strategy.

If one firm were to switch strategies and keep prices high, they would lose $5,000 while the other firm would make $15,000. Thus, both firms are better off maintaining their promotion strategy, resulting in the Nash equilibrium being the most profitable outcome.

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Complete question:

University Subs and Savory Sandwiches are the only two sandwich shops in a small college town. If neither runs a special two-for-one promotion, both are able to keep their prices high and earn $10,000 a month. However, when both run promotions, their profits fall to $1,000. Finally, if one runs a promotion and the other does not, the shop that runs the promotion earns a profit of $15,000, and the other loses $5,000. University Subs Runs a 2-for-1 promotion Keeps price high Makes Loses $1,000 $5,000 Runs a 2-for-1 promotion Makes $1,000 Makes $15,000 Savory Sandwiches Makes $15,000 Makes $10,000 Keeps price high Loses $5,000 Makes $10,000 1st attempt

Part 1 (1 point) See Hint What is the dominant strategy for University Subs?

Part 2 (1 point) See Hint Is the Nash equilibrium the most profitable outcome for these two firms?

There are several factors that can increase the likelihood of trainee auditors reporting an ethical violation by an audit partner. Firstly, the existence of a reward for whistleblowing can be a powerful incentive for trainee auditors to report any misconduct they witness.

Secondly, firm quality controls can help create an ethical culture that encourages whistleblowing and discourages unethical behavior. Thirdly, formal structures for whistleblowing, such as hotlines or anonymous reporting channels, can provide trainee auditors with a safe and secure way to report any ethical violations they may come across. Finally, informal structures for whistleblowing, such as mentoring or peer support programs, can also play an important role in encouraging trainee auditors to report ethical violations.It is important to note that an ethical culture should be fostered and maintained within audit firms to ensure that ethical violations are not tolerated. The more open and transparent a firm is about its ethical standards, the more likely it is that trainee auditors will feel comfortable reporting any unethical behavior they witness. Ultimately, the goal should be to create an environment in which ethical behavior is not only expected, but rewarded, and unethical behavior is not tolerated. By doing so, trainee auditors will be more likely to report ethical violations, and the overall quality of audits will be improved.

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Yes, that is correct. In a continuous review system, the inventory level for an item is regularly checked and tracked. When the inventory level reaches a predetermined reorder point, an order is released to replenish the inventory.

To make it easier to understand and analyze, it is often assumed that the variables that affect the system, such as lead time and demand, remain constant. However, in reality, these variables are subject to change and can affect the accuracy of the system's predictions. Therefore, it is important to regularly review and adjust the system to ensure it is functioning optimally.
In a continuous review system, the inventory level of an item is constantly monitored to ensure that stock is replenished in a timely manner. When the reorder point is reached, an order is released to replenish the stock. This system simplifies inventory management by assuming that the variables underlying the system, such as demand and lead time, remain constant. This allows for a more efficient and streamlined approach to maintaining optimal inventory levels.

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To calculate the expected inflation rates for the next 4 years based on the spot rates & assuming a constant real interest rate of 2%, we need to use the Fisher hypothesis and the unbiased expectations theory.

The Fisher hypothesis states that the nominal interest rate is equal to the real interest rate plus the expected inflation rate.

Therefore, we can rearrange this equation to solve for the expected inflation rate.

Using the unbiased expectations theory, we assume that the market expectations for future inflation rates are unbiased and efficient.

Based on this, we can use the spot rates to calculate the market's expectations for future nominal interest rates and, subsequently, the expected inflation rates.

Using this approach, we can estimate the expected inflation rates for the next four years, which can be useful in financial planning and decision-making.

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The manufacturing overhead budget and an overhead cost allocation base is used by Allan Merchants. The percentage of profit margin earned,has computed to be of 50.86% for the year 2021 as every unit produced requires 2 machine hours.

Using the budgeted rate, we can calculate the budgeted manufacturing overhead rate per machine-hour as follows:

Budgeted manufacturing overhead rate per machine-hour = Budgeted manufacturing overhead costs / Budgeted machine hours

= $259,031 / 38,335

= $6.76 per machine-hour

We can then calculate the total manufacturing overhead costs based on the actual machine hours used:

Total manufacturing overhead costs = Actual machine hours * Budgeted manufacturing overhead rate per machine-hour

= 40,182 * $6.76

= $271,606.32

Next, we can calculate the total cost per unit of the product:

Total cost per unit = Direct cost rate + Manufacturing overhead rate

= $7 + $6.76

= $13.76 per unit

Finally, we can calculate the profit margin per unit:

Profit margin per unit = Selling price - Total cost per unit

= $28 - $13.76

= $14.24 per unit

Since each unit of the product requires 2 machine-hours, the profit margin percentage would be:

Profit margin percentage = (Profit margin per unit / Selling price) * 100%

= ($14.24 / $28) * 100%

= 50.86%

Therefore, the percentage of profit margin earned is 50.86%.

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The utilization in this case would be 75%.

To calculate utilization, you'll need to divide Actual output by Effective capacity, and then multiply by 100 to get the percentage.

Given the information: Effective capacity is 20 units/day, Design capacity is 75 units/day, and Actual output is 15 units/day.

Step 1: Divide Actual output by Effective capacity.
Utilization = (Actual output) / (Effective capacity)
Utilization = (15 units/day) / (20 units/day)

Step 2: Calculate the utilization as a percentage.
Utilization = (15/20) * 100
Utilization = 0.75 * 100
Utilization = 75%

The utilization in this case would be 75% (option D).

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Project planning is an essential process that takes place at the beginning of a project. It involves defining the scope of the project, identifying the goals and objectives, determining the resources needed, creating a project schedule, and establishing a budget.

The purpose of project planning is to ensure that the project is properly structured and organized, with clearly defined objectives, timelines, and budget.

It also helps to identify potential risks and challenges that may arise during the project, so that they can be addressed proactively.

While project planning may involve input from multiple stakeholders, it is typically led by the project manager and the project team. It is a collaborative process that requires input from various departments within the organization, including sales, marketing, finance, and operations.

The company president may be involved in project planning as a key stakeholder or decision-maker, but it is not typically their responsibility to lead the planning process.

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Positive cross-price elasticity of demand. In Positive cross-price elasticity of demand, quantity of a good demanded by a typical consumer increases in response to the growth in purchases of other consumers making market demand more elastic.

This phenomenon is known as cross-price elasticity of demand. It refers to the responsiveness of the quantity demanded of one good to a change in the price of another good. When the quantity of a good demanded by a typical consumer increases in response to the growth in purchases of other consumers, it indicates a positive cross-price elasticity of demand and makes the market demand more elastic. There are different types of demand, including price elasticity of demand, income elasticity of demand, and cross-price elasticity of demand.

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The situation you are describing is called the "network effect." This effect occurs when the demand for a product or service increases as more people use it. As more consumers use the product, the value of the product increases, which can result in more people joining the network, further increasing demand.

The network effect can be seen in many industries, including social media, telecommunications, and e-commerce. For example, as more people join a social media platform, the value of the platform increases because there are more people to connect with and more content to consume. This, in turn, can attract more users, creating a positive feedback loop that can lead to exponential growth. The network effect can make market demand more elastic because as more consumers join the network, the demand for the product becomes less sensitive to changes in price. This is because the value of the product to the consumer increases as more people use it, making them less likely to switch to a competing product, even if the price increases slightly. In summary, the network effect is a phenomenon where the demand for a product or service increases as more people use it, making market demand more elastic. This effect is seen in many industries and can create a positive feedback loop that can lead to exponential growth.

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option D is the best alternative of this situation. To continue working safely, a food employee with a minor cut on their hand should cover the cut with a water tight bandage and wear a glove to maintain food safety and prevent contamination.

a food employee with a minor cut on their hand should do in order to continue working is to cover the cut with a water tight bandage and a glove. This is important to prevent any potential contamination of the food being prepared.  even a minor cut can expose the food to harmful bacteria and germs from the employee's hand. By covering the cut with a water tight bandage and a glove, the risk of contamination is greatly reduce. it is important for food employees to take proper precautions when dealing with minor cuts or injuries in order to maintain food safety standards. Covering the cut with a water tight bandage and a glove is a simple and effective solution to continue working while minimizing any potential risks.

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The market price of the shares on June 30, 2020, was $17.90.

1. To journalize the declaration of the share dividend on June 30, 2020:

Date: June 30, 2020
Debit: Share Dividends - $760,750
Credit: Common Share Dividends Distributable - $760,750

The market price of the shares on June 30, 2020, was $17.90.

2. To journalize the declaration of the cash dividend on November 15, 2020:

Date: November 15, 2020
Debit: Cash Dividends - $847,375 ($0.95 * 892,500 shares)
Credit: Cash Dividends Payable - $847,375

3. To prepare the equity section of the balance sheet at December 31, 2020:

PACIFICA PAPERS INC.
Equity Section of Balance Sheet
December 31, 2020

Contributed Capital:
Common Shares, unlimited shares authorized, 892,500 shares issued and outstanding - $8,070,750 ($7,310,000 + $760,750)

Retained Earnings:
Beginning Retained Earnings - $2,800,000
Add: Profit earned during the year - $2,730,000
Less: Cash Dividends - $847,375
Ending Retained Earnings - $4,682,625

Total Equity:
Contributed Capital + Retained Earnings
$8,070,750 + $4,682,625 = $12,753,375

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The relevant cost of buying Part A from the supplier is $77700 if there is excess capacity. By comparing the relevant cost of producing Part A in-house to the cost of buying it from the supplier, Sunland Company can determine whether it is more cost-effective to outsource this part of their production

Sunland Company currently uses 11100 units of Part A, and they have relevant costs of $9 per unit to manufacture it. This means that their total relevant cost for producing 11100 units of Part A is:

$9 per unit x 11100 units = $99900

If the supplier offers to make Part A for $7 per unit, and Sunland Company chooses to buy it instead of producing it in-house, they would be saving $2 per unit. This means that their total relevant cost for buying 11100 units of Part A from the supplier would be:

$7 per unit x 11100 units = $77700

Since this cost is lower than the relevant cost of producing Part A in-house, it would be more cost-effective for Sunland Company to buy Part A from the supplier if there is excess capacity.
Therefore option "$77700" is correct.

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